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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

x  QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2013

OR

o         TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                       to                     

Commission File Number: 001-13103

Ciber, Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

(303) 220-0100

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes o No x

There were 74,601,955 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock outstanding as of April 22, 2013.

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Ciber, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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Ciber, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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Ciber, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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Ciber, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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Ciber, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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Ciber, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

(1)  Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of Ciber, Inc. and its subsidiaries (together, “Ciber,” “the Company,” “we,” “our” or “us”) have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and do not include all of the information and note disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements.  These consolidated financial statements should therefore be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC.  The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and include all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present fairly the financial position and results of operations for the interim periods presented.  The results of operations for an interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for a full fiscal year.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements — In March 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2013-05, Foreign Currency Matters (Topic 830)-Parent’s Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets within a Foreign Entity or of an Investment in a Foreign Entity, (“ASU 2013-05”).  This amendment clarifies the applicable guidance for the release of cumulative translation adjustment into net earnings. When an entity ceases to have a controlling financial interest in a subsidiary or group of assets within a foreign entity, the entity is required to apply the guidance in FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 830-30 to release any related cumulative translation adjustment into net earnings.  ASU 2013-05 is effective prospectively for fiscal years, and interim reporting periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013.  The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Fair Value — The carrying value of the outstanding borrowings under the ABL Facility, as defined in Note 4, approximates its fair value as (1) it is based on a variable rate that changes based on market conditions and (2) the margin applied to the variable rate is based on Ciber’s credit risk, which has not changed since entering into the facility in May 2012.  If Ciber’s credit risk were to change, we would estimate the fair value of our borrowings using a discounted cash flow analysis based on current rates obtained from the lender for similar types of debt.  The inputs used to establish the fair value of the Credit Agreement are considered to be Level 2 inputs, which include inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.  Restructuring liabilities for office closures are recorded at estimated fair value utilizing level 3 assumptions, including an estimate of sublease income which is subject to adjustment in future periods if assumptions change.

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(2) Discontinued Operations

On March 9, 2012, we sold substantially all of the assets and certain liabilities of our Federal division to CRGT Inc.  On October 15, 2012, we sold certain contracts and related property and equipment and certain other assets associated with our information technology outsourcing (ITO) practice to Savvis Communications Corporation.  Effective with their respective sales, the operations and cash flows of these sold businesses were removed from our consolidated operating results and we did not record any revenue associated with the discontinued operations during 2013.

The following table summarizes the operating results of the discontinued operations included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations during the three months ended March 31, 2012.

(3) Earnings Per Share

Our computation of earnings per share — basic and diluted is as follows:

Dilutive securities, including stock options and restricted stock units, are excluded from the diluted weighted average shares outstanding computation in periods in which they have an anti-dilutive effect, such as when we report a net loss attributable to Ciber, Inc. from continuing operations, or when stock options have an exercise price that is greater than the average market price of Ciber common stock during the period.

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(4) Borrowings

On May 7, 2012, we entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.  The Credit Agreement provided for (1) an asset-based revolving line of credit of up to $60 million (the “ABL Facility”), with the amount available for borrowing at any time under such line of credit determined according to a borrowing base valuation of eligible account receivables (the borrowing base was $60 million at March 31, 2013), and (2) a $7.5 million term loan (the “Term Loan”).  On March 29, 2013, we used funds available under the ABL Facility to pay down the Term Loan in full and herefore, as of March 31, 2013, only the ABL Facility was outstanding.  Because our Term Loan was paid down on March 29, 2013, we are no longer required to comply with any financial covenants.  The ABL Facility provides for borrowings in the United States, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and Germany and matures on May 7, 2017.  As of March 31, 2013, we had $31.6 million outstanding under the ABL Facility.

(5) Income Taxes

Current period U.S. and foreign income (loss) before income taxes as well as income tax expense were as follows:

Beginning in the second quarter of 2011, due to our history of losses in our U.S. operations, we no longer record tax benefits for our U.S. incurred losses.  Irrespective of our income or loss levels, we continue to record U.S. deferred tax expense related to goodwill amortization, as well as certain other miscellaneous U.S. current tax expense items.

The effective rate on our foreign tax expense varies with the mix of income and losses across multiple tax jurisdictions with most statutory tax rates varying from 24% to 33%.  The reduction of foreign pre-tax income from continuing operations from the first quarter of 2012 to 2013 is related to an overall decrease in profitability of the business, including the impact of restructuring costs.  The foreign effective tax rate increase in the first quarter of 2013 is a result of the mix of income and losses across jurisdictions and increased tax reserves for certain tax exposure items.

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(6) Restructuring Charges

On November 5, 2012, we approved a company restructuring plan.  The restructuring activities commenced in the fourth quarter of 2012 and relate primarily to the consolidation of our real estate footprint, as well as organizational changes designed to simplify business processes, move decision-making closer to the marketplace, and create operating efficiencies.  We currently estimate the total amount of the restructuring charges to be approximately $13 million, of which approximately $1 million will be non-cash charges related to stock compensation and fixed-asset write-downs related to facility closures. The total estimated restructuring expenses include approximately $7 million (all of which has been incurred to date) related to personnel severance and related benefits primarily in our International segment, and approximately $6 million (of which approximately $1 million has been incurred to date) related to the closure of 17 offices and the consolidation of those locations into other existing Ciber locations, mostly in North America.  These activities began in the fourth quarter of 2012, and we expect all restructuring activities to be completed by the end of 2013.

The changes in our restructuring liabilities, which are recorded in other accrued expenses, during the three months ended March 31, 2013 are as follows:

Restructuring charges by segment are as follows:

(1) 2012 corporate restructuring charges consist of share-based compensation expenses associated with severance for employees in our International division.  Share-based compensation is not charged to operating divisions, but rather is recorded as part of our corporate expenses.  2013 corporate restructuring charges include planned facility consolidation. 

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(7) Segment Information

The following presents financial information about our reportable segments:

(8) Contingencies

We are subject to various claims and litigation that are in the ordinary course of business.  The litigation process is inherently uncertain.  Therefore, the outcome of such matters is not predictable.

We are engaged in legal proceedings in Germany in connection with our acquisition of a controlling interest in Novasoft AG (now known as Ciber AG) in 2004.  In August 2006, we completed a buy-out of the remaining minority shareholders of Novasoft.  Certain of those former minority shareholders challenged the adequacy of the buy-out consideration by initiating a review by the district court in Mannheim, Germany.  The court-appointed independent experts have evaluated the consideration and claims of the minority shareholders.  Briefing by the parties is expected to continue into 2013.  If the court awards additional consideration, such consideration will increase the goodwill associated with the acquisition and we will be liable for that additional consideration as well as the costs associated with these proceedings.  We are unable to predict the outcome of this matter.

CamSoft, Inc., a Louisiana corporation, claims that it had a role in an alleged joint venture that developed a wireless network for video camera surveillance systems to be deployed to municipal governments.  The lawsuit, CamSoft Data Systems, Inc. v. Southern Electronics, et al., was filed initially in October 2009 in Louisiana state court against numerous defendants, including Ciber.  The lawsuit was subsequently removed to federal court in the Middle District of Louisiana and the complaint was amended to include additional defendants and causes of action including antitrust claims, civil RICO claims, unfair trade practices, trade secret, fraud, unjust enrichment, and conspiracy claims.  The suit includes many of the same parties involved in related litigation in the state court in New Orleans which was concluded in 2009 when Ciber settled the New Orleans suit with the plaintiffs, Active Solutions and Southern Electronics, who are now co-defendants in the current lawsuit and CamSoft’s former alleged joint venturers.  Ciber is vigorously defending the allegations.  The matter is ongoing in the appellate court where Camsoft has filed a notice of appeal with the Federal Court of Appeals while Ciber and the other defendants have filed notices of appeal with the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals and with the Federal Court of Appeals.  We are unable to predict the outcome of this litigation.

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On October 28, 2011, a putative securities class action lawsuit, Weston v. Ciber, Inc. et al., was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado against Ciber, its current Chief Executive Officer David C. Peterschmidt, current Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) Claude J. Pumilia and former CFO Peter H. Cheesbrough (the “Class Action”).  The Class Action purports to have been filed on behalf of all holders of Ciber common stock between December 15, 2010, and August 3, 2011, by alleged stockholder and plaintiff, Burt Weston.  The Class Action generally alleges that defendants Ciber, Mr. Peterschmidt, Mr. Pumilia and Mr. Cheesbrough (the “Class Action Defendants”) violated Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) and Rule 10b-5 thereunder.  Specifically, the complaint alleges that the Class Action Defendants disseminated or approved alleged false statements concerning the Company’s outlook and forecast for fiscal year 2011 in: (1) the Company’s 8-K filed with the SEC and press conference held with investors on December 15, 2010; (2) the Company’s press release and earnings conference call on February 22, 2011; (3) the Company’s 10-K for fiscal year 2010 filed with the SEC on February 25, 2011; and (4) the Company’s press release, earnings conference call, and Form 10-Q for first quarter 2011 filed with the SEC on May 3, 2011.  The complaint also generally alleges that the Class Action Defendants violated Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act.  Specifically, the complaint alleges that the Class Action Defendants acted as controlling persons of Ciber within the meaning of Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act by reason of their positions with the Company.  The Class Action seeks, among other things:  (1) an order from the Court declaring the complaint to be a proper class action pursuant to Rule 23 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and certifying plaintiff as a representative of the purported class; (2) awarding plaintiff and the members of the class damages, including interest; (3) awarding plaintiff reasonable costs and attorneys’ fees; and (4) awarding such other relief as the Court may deem just and proper.  The Court appointed Mr. Weston and City of Roseville Employees’ Retirement System as lead plaintiffs and the law firms of Robbins, Geller Rudman & Dowd LLP and Robbins Umeda LLP as lead plaintiffs’ counsel on January 31, 2012.  Lead plaintiffs filed an amended complaint in early April 2012.  The Class Action Defendants have filed a motion to dismiss, which is currently pending.  The Company believes that the Class Action is without merit and intends to defend against it vigorously.  We are unable to predict the outcome of this litigation.

On February 7, 2012, a purported verified shareholder derivative lawsuit, Seni v. Peterschmidt. et al., was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado (the “Derivative Action”) against Messrs. Peterschmidt, Pumilia, and Cheesbrough, and Ciber’s then-current board of directors: Messrs. Bobby G. Stevenson, Jean-Francois Heitz, Paul A. Jacobs, Stephen S. Kurtz, Kurt J. Lauk, Archibald J. McGill, and James C. Spira (“Individual Defendants”).  Ciber is named as a nominal defendant (collectively, with the Individual Defendants, the “Derivative Defendants”).  The Derivative Action is largely based on the same alleged facts as the Class Action.  The complaint in the Derivative Action generally alleges that the Individual Defendants breached their fiduciary duties of good faith, fair dealing, loyalty, due care, reasonable inquiry, oversight, and supervision by approving the issuance of allegedly false statements that misrepresented material information about the finances and operations of the Company.  The Derivative Complaint also alleges that the Individual Defendants were unjustly enriched as a result of the compensation they received while breaching their fiduciary duties to the Company.  The complaint seeks, among other things:  (1) damages for losses sustained by the Company as a result of the Individual Defendants’ breaches; (2) directives to “reform and improve” the company’s governance; (3) restitution to the Company from the Individual Defendants; (4) an award to plaintiff of reasonable costs and attorneys’ fees; and (5) such other relief as the Court may deem just and proper.  On April 30, 2012, the Court granted Ciber’s Motion to Stay Discovery and Vacate the Scheduling Conference and Related Deadlines.  The Defendants filed a motion to dismiss, which was granted in March 2013.  Pursuant to the dismissal order, Plaintiffs were given leave to amend the complaint by no later than April 26, 2013.  An Amended Complaint was filed and the matter is ongoing. The Company believes this litigation is without merit and intends to defend against it vigorously. We are unable to predict the outcome of this litigation.

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Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Audited Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, and with the information under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012.  References to “we,” “our,” “us,” “the Company,” or “Ciber” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q refer to Ciber, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

We use the phrase “in local currency” to indicate that we are comparing certain financial results after removing the impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, thereby allowing for the comparison of business performance between periods.  Financial results “in local currency” are calculated by restating current period activity into U.S. dollars using the comparable prior year period’s foreign currency exchange rates.  This approach is used for all results where the functional currency is not the U.S. dollar.

Disclosure Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 relating to our operations, results of operations and other matters that are based on our current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections.  Words, such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “expect,” “estimate,” “intend,” “may,” “opportunity,” “plan,” “potential,” “project,” “should,” and “will” and similar expressions, are intended to identify these forward-looking statements.  These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict.  Forward-looking statements are based on assumptions as to future events that may not prove to be accurate.  Risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

·                  Our results of operations may be adversely affected if we are unable to execute on the key elements of our strategic plan.

·                  We may experience declines in revenue and profitability if we do not accurately estimate the cost of engagements conducted on a fixed-price basis.

·                  A data security or privacy breach could adversely affect our business.

·                  Our business could be adversely affected if our clients are not satisfied with our services, and we could face damage to our professional reputation and/or legal liability.

·                  Our future success depends on our ability to continue to retain and attract qualified sales, delivery and technical employees.

·                  Our results of operations can be adversely affected by economic conditions and the impacts of economic conditions on our clients’ operations and technology spending.

·                  If we are unable to collect our receivables, our results of operations and cash flows could be adversely affected.

·                  Our Credit Agreement, an asset-based and term loan facility, limits our operational and financial flexibility.

·                  Our revenues, operating results and profitability will vary from quarter to quarter, which may result in increased volatility in the price of our stock.

·                  Termination of a contract by a significant client and/or cancellation with short notice could adversely affect our results of operations.

·                  Our international operations are susceptible to different financial and operational risks than our domestic operations.

·                  The IT services industry, in the U.S. and internationally, is highly competitive, with increased focus on offshore capability and we may not be able to compete effectively.

·                  Our presence in India may expose us to operational risks due to regulatory, economic, political, and other uncertainties.

·                  If we are not able to anticipate and keep pace with rapid changes in technology, our business will be negatively affected.

·                  We could incur additional losses due to further impairment in the carrying value of our goodwill.

·                  We depend on contracts with various public sector agencies for a significant portion of our revenue and, if the spending policies or budget priorities of these agencies change, we could lose revenue.

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·                  Unfavorable government audits could require us to adjust previously reported operating results, to forego anticipated revenue and subject us to penalties and sanctions.

·                  Our services or solutions could infringe upon the intellectual property rights of others, or we might lose our ability to utilize rights we claim in intellectual property or the intellectual property of others.

·                  Possible future consideration on the sale of certain contracts and assets associated with our information technology outsourcing practice may not be realized.

·                  We have adopted anti-takeover defenses that could make it difficult for another company to acquire control of Ciber or limit the price investors might be willing to pay for our stock, thus affecting the market price of our securities.

For a more detailed discussion of these factors, see the information under the “Risk Factors” heading in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, and other documents filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission.  We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements in light of new information or future events.  Readers are cautioned not to put undue reliance on forward-looking statements.

Business Overview

Ciber is a leading global information technology (“IT”) company with nearly 40 years of proven IT experience, world-class credentials and a wide range of technology expertise. With 65 offices worldwide operating on four continents and over 60 supplier partners, Ciber has the infrastructure and expertise to deliver IT services to almost any organization. The three pillars of our business include Application Development and Maintenance, Ciber Managed Services, and Independent Software Vendor relationships (“ISVs”).  At Ciber, we take a client-focused, personalized service approach that includes the building of long term relationships, creation of custom-tailored IT solutions, and the implementation of business strategies to reflect anticipated trends. Driven by results, we are committed to delivering quality solutions precisely configured to our clients’ needs and achieving high client satisfaction. The consistent goal is sustainable business value delivered on time and on budget.

We operate our business by geography.  On March 9, 2012, we sold our Federal division and on October 15, 2012, we sold our information technology outsourcing practice.  As a result, the sold businesses are both reported as discontinued operations within our financial statements and accordingly, our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows have been reclassified for all prior periods presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to conform to the current presentation.  Additionally, discussions throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q exclude the discontinued operations, unless otherwise noted.  For additional information see “Discontinued Operations” below.

Our reportable operating segments as of March 31, 2013, consisted of International and North America.  Our International segment transacts business in the local currencies of the countries in which they operate.  In recent years, approximately 60% to 70% of our International segment’s revenue has been denominated in Euros, 10% to 15% has been denominated in Great Britain Pounds (“GBP”) and the balance has come from a number of other European currencies.  Changes in the exchange rates between these foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar affect the reported amounts of our assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses.  For financial reporting purposes, the assets and liabilities of our foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars at current exchange rates at period end and revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates for the period.

The market demand for Ciber’s services is heavily dependent on IT spending by Fortune 500 and middle-market corporations, organizations and government entities in the markets and regions that we serve.  In recent years, economic recession and volatile economic conditions have negatively impacted many of our existing and prospective clients and caused fluctuations in their IT spending behaviors.  Over the last couple of years, economic conditions have had a greater negative impact on clients in a number of our International segment’s territories.  The pace of technological advancement, as well as changes in business requirements and practices of our clients, all have a significant impact on the demand for the services that we provide.

Our results of operations are affected by economic conditions, including macroeconomic conditions, credit market conditions and levels of business confidence.  Revenue is driven by our ability to secure new contracts and deliver solutions and services that add value relevant to our clients’ current needs and challenges.  In recent quarters and ongoing for the foreseeable future, we have been affected by significant efforts by our clients (both current and potential) to implement cost-savings initiatives.  These initiatives have included going to third-party vendor management systems, taking their business to larger, pure-play offshore vendors and vendor consolidation.  In some cases, these initiatives have benefited Ciber, but in others we have lost our revenue stream entirely or seen a decline in our level of revenues with particular clients.  The pricing environment continues to be extremely competitive.  A number of our competitors are structuring more offshore services into their bids, thereby lowering their pricing to help clients reduce costs, and making it more difficult for us to compete on pricing.

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We also have global delivery options to offer to our current and potential clients as possible cost savings, and we are expanding our offshore capabilities and increasing the usage of these resources; however, they are on a smaller scale than the offshore offerings of some of our competitors.  Another issue that has had and continues to have an impact on our revenues and profitability involves a much longer sales cycle than we have seen historically, which has been driven by a much slower decision-making process in starting new projects in a variety of industries that we currently serve, or in which we are currently bidding for work.  The longer sales cycle increases the cost of our sales efforts and pushes potential revenues and profitability further into the future.  Some clients remain cautious, seeking flexibility by shifting to a more phased approach to contracting for work.  We have standards governing the quality of engagements that we will accept with the goal of growing revenue, increasing margins, improving collectability of receivables and delivering sustained, predictable performance.  However, there can be no assurances that we will be successful with such actions, and in certain cases, these actions may slow our revenue growth.  Economic conditions and other factors continue to impact the business operations of some of our clients, their ability to continue to use our services and their financial ability to pay for our services in full.  The impact of project cancellations cannot be accurately predicted and bad debt expense may differ significantly from our estimates, and any such events may negatively impact our results of operations.

Restructuring

On November 5, 2012, we approved a company restructuring plan.  The restructuring activities commenced in the fourth quarter of 2012 and relate primarily to the consolidation of our real estate footprint, as well as organizational changes designed to simplify business processes, move decision-making closer to the marketplace, and create operating efficiencies.  We currently estimate the total amount of the restructuring charges to be approximately $13 million, of which approximately $1 million will be non-cash charges related to stock compensation and fixed-asset write-downs related to facility closures. The total estimated restructuring expenses include approximately $7 million (all of which has been incurred to date) related to personnel severance and related benefits primarily in our International segment, and approximately $6 million (of which approximately $1 million has been incurred to date) related to the closure of 17 offices and the consolidation of those locations into other existing Ciber locations, mostly in North America.  These activities began in the fourth quarter of 2012, and we expect all restructuring activities to be completed by the end of 2013.  Restructuring liabilities for office closures are recorded at estimated fair value, including an estimate of sublease income which is subject to adjustment in future periods if assumptions change.  Pre-tax savings of approximately $7 million in 2013 and $11 million in 2014 and each year thereafter are expected from these initiatives.

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Results of Operations — Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012

The following table sets forth certain Consolidated Statement of Operations data in dollars and expressed as a percentage of revenue:

Revenue by segment from continuing operations was as follows:

n/m = not meaningful

Revenues.  For the three months ended March 31, 2013, total revenues increased $1.8 million, or 0.8% in U.S. dollars. On a local currency basis, revenues increased $1.2 million, or 0.5%, as compared with the three months ended March 31, 2012, due to an improvement in our North America segment which was slightly offset by declines in our International segment.

·                  International revenues were flat overall or decreased by 0.6% in local currency.  The softer European economy caused revenue results to vary considerably by territory.  Several countries experienced growth between the comparable periods mostly due to significant new clients in 2013, as well as some additional work at existing clients.  This growth was mainly offset by declines in revenue in the Netherlands, due to reduced spending on IT services in this country.  International revenues continue to be impacted by clients focusing on cost-cutting measures such as vendor consolidation and increasing pricing pressure on service providers.

·                  North America revenues increased $1.7 million or 1.6% compared to the first quarter of 2012 as growth in existing clients, as well as new clients, offset reductions in work levels at other existing clients and completed contracts. Growth was led by our Business Consulting practice as well as certain ISVs, both of which benefited from several new clients in 2013.  We also saw some growth in our Managed Services practice this quarter.  Our Application Development and Maintenance practice was flat, as decreased service levels at several large clients were offset by new customers and additional work at existing clients.

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Gross Profit.  Gross profit margin declined slightly to 25.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2013, compared to 25.3% for the same period in 2012.  Gross profit margin for our International segment declined mainly in our non-SAP practices.  These declines were mainly a result of lower utilization.  North America gross margin was flat compared to the first quarter of 2012 as improved margins at new clients were offset by pricing pressures on additional work at existing clients and higher margin revenue attrition.

Selling, general and administrative costs.  Our SG&A costs increased $2.2 million, or 4% to $51.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013, from $48.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012.  International SG&A costs increased compared to the first quarter of 2012 due to increases in labor costs and an increase in bad debt, which was associated with the current European economic climate.  North America SG&A costs were down due to reduced compensation costs and lower office rental expense, which was a result of the closure of offices under our company restructuring plan.  See Note 6 to our consolidated financial statements for more information on our restructuring plan.

Operating income.  Operating income decreased to $5.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013, as compared to $7.5 million for the same period of 2012.  This decrease was primarily a result of increases in direct costs in our international segment and an overall increase in SG&A costs.

Operating income from continuing operations by segment was as follows:

n/m = not meaningful

*International, North America and Other calculated as a % of their respective revenue, all other items calculated as a % of total revenue.  Column may not total due to rounding.

·                  International operating income declined to $5.3 million for the first quarter of 2013 compared to $7.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012.  This decrease is primarily due to lower utilization and an increase in SG&A costs as a result of increased labor costs and bad debt expense.

·                  North America operating income increased $1.1 million or 15.5% compared to the first quarter of 2012.  The increase was a result of improved revenue, both in existing and new clients, as well as reductions in SG&A expenses, specifically reduced compensation costs and restructuring-related reductions in office rental expenses.

·                  Corporate expenses increased during the current three month period primarily due to an increase in management salaries and stock compensation expense, as a result of additions to corporate management structure in the later half of 2012.

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Interest expense.  Interest expense decreased $0.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013, compared to the same period of 2012 primarily due to a significant reduction in our average borrowings outstanding, as well as a lower interest rate on our credit facility entered into in May 2012.  These decreases were partially offset by $0.2 million of accelerated debt fee amortization associated with our Term Loan which was repaid on March 29, 2013.

Other income (expense), net.  Other income, net was $2 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2013, compared to other expense, net of $581 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2012.  This change was due entirely to foreign exchange gains and losses.

Income taxes.  Current period U.S. and foreign income (loss) before income taxes as well as income tax expense were as follows: