As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 23, 2012
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 20-F
(Mark One)
¨ | REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR 12(g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
or
x | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011
or
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
or
¨ | SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Date of event requiring this shell company report
For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 1-31318
Gold Fields Limited
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Republic of South Africa
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
150 Helen Road
Sandown, Sandton, 2196
South Africa
011-27-11-562-9700
(Address of principal executive offices)
with a copy to:
Michael Fleischer
Executive Vice PresidentGeneral Counsel
Tel: 011-27-11-562-9724
Fax: 011-27-11-562-9828
michael.fleischer@goldfields.co.za
150 Helen Road
Sandown, Sandton, 2196
South Africa
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act
Title of Each Class |
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered | |
Ordinary shares of par value Rand 0.50 each American Depositary Shares, each representing one ordinary share |
New York Stock Exchange* New York Stock Exchange |
* | Not for trading, but only in connection with the registration of the American Depositary Shares pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission. |
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act
None
(Title of Class)
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act
None
(Title of Class)
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuers classes of capital or
common stock as of the close of the period covered by the Annual Report
725,133,015 ordinary shares of par value Rand 0.50 each
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act: Yes x No ¨
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Yes ¨ No x
NoteChecking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer x Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer ¨
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
U.S. GAAP x International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ¨ Other ¨
If Other has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow: Item 17 ¨ Item 18 ¨
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
(APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PAST FIVE YEARS)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes ¨ No ¨
The Worldwide Locations of Gold Fields Operations
Presentation of Financial Information
In 2010, Gold Fields changed its fiscal year end from June 30 to December 31 to align with the Companys peers in the gold mining industry. This annual report contains audited consolidated financial statements of Gold Fields as at and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011. This annual report also contains the audited consolidated financial statements of Gold Fields as at and for the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and for fiscal years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009. It may not be possible to directly compare the audited consolidated financial statements as at and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 with the audited consolidated financial statements as at and for the six month period ended December 31, 2010, as these relate to different financial periods, and it may not be possible to compare audited consolidated financial statements as at and for the six month period ended December 31, 2010 directly with the audited financial statements as at and for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2010 or 2009, insofar as such financial statements refer to a completed financial year. Investors are advised to use caution in drawing comparisons between these periods.
Gold Fields Limited, or Gold Fields or the Company, is a South African company and about one-half of its operations, based on gold production, are located there. Accordingly, its books of account are maintained in South African Rand and its annual and interim financial statements are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS, as prescribed by law. Gold Fields also prepares annual financial statements in accordance with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or U.S. GAAP, which are translated into U.S. dollars. Except as otherwise noted, the financial information included in this annual report has been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and is presented in U.S. dollars, and descriptions of critical accounting policies refer to accounting policies under U.S. GAAP.
For Gold Fields financial statements, unless otherwise stated, balance sheet item amounts are translated from Rand to U.S. dollars at the exchange rate prevailing on the date that it closed its accounts for fiscal 2011 (Rand 8.13 per $1.00 as of December 31, 2011), except for specific items included within shareholders equity and the statements of cash flows that are translated at the rate prevailing on the date the relevant transaction was entered into, and statements of operations item amounts are translated from Rand to U.S. dollars at the weighted average exchange rate for each period (Rand 7.22 per $1.00 for fiscal 2011).
In this annual report, Gold Fields presents the financial items total cash costs, total cash costs per ounce, total production costs and total production costs per ounce, which have been determined using industry standards promulgated by the Gold Institute and are not U.S. GAAP measures. The Gold Institute was a non-profit international industry association of miners, refiners, bullion suppliers and manufacturers of gold products that ceased operation in 2002, which developed a uniform format for reporting production costs on a per ounce basis. The Gold Institute has now been incorporated into the National Mining Association. The guidance was first adopted in 1996 and revised in November 1999. An investor should not consider these items in isolation or as alternatives to production costs, income before tax, net income, operating cash flows or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. While the Gold Institute provided definitions for the calculation of total cash costs and total production costs, the calculation of total cash costs, total cash costs per ounce, total production costs and total production costs per ounce may vary significantly among gold mining companies, and by themselves do not necessarily provide a basis for comparison with other gold mining companies. See Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial Data, Information on the CompanyGlossary of Mining TermsTotal cash costs per ounce and Information on the CompanyGlossary of Mining TermsTotal production costs per ounce.
In this annual report, Gold Fields also presents the financial items operating costs and notional cash expenditure, or NCE. Operating costs and NCE, including operating costs per ounce and NCE per ounce, have been determined by Gold Fields on the basis of internally developed definitions and are not U.S. GAAP measures. Gold Fields defines operating costs as production costs (exclusive of depreciation, amortization and movements in gold-in-process) plus corporate expenditure, employment termination costs and accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation. Gold Fields defines NCE margin as revenue minus NCE, divided
i
by revenue, expressed as a percentage. See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsNotional Cash Expenditure. An investor should not consider these items in isolation or as alternatives to production costs, cash flows from operating activities or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Operating costs, NCE and NCE margin as presented in this annual report may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of performance of other companies.
ii
Defined Terms and Conventions
In this annual report, all references to the Group are to Gold Fields and its subsidiaries.
In this annual report, all references to fiscal 2009 are to the 12 month period ended June 30, 2009, fiscal 2010 are to the 12 month period ended June 30, 2010, all references to fiscal 2011 are to the 12 month period ended December 31, 2011 and all references to fiscal 2012 are to the 12 month period ending December 31, 2012. In this annual report, all references to South Africa are to the Republic of South Africa, all references to Ghana are to the Republic of Ghana, all references to Australia are to the Commonwealth of Australia, all references to Venezuela are to the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, all references to Finland are to the Republic of Finland, all references to Peru are to the Republic of Peru, all references to China are to the Peoples Republic of China, all references to Mali are to the Republic of Mali, all references to the Philippines are to the Republic of the Philippines and all references to the United States and U.S. mean the United States of America, its territories and possessions and any state of the United States and the District of Columbia.
In this annual report, all references to the DMR are references to the South African Department of Mineral Resources, the government body responsible for regulating the mining industry in South Africa, or to its predecessor entity, the Department of Minerals and Energy which was split into the Department of Mineral Resources and the Department of Energy in July 2009, as applicable.
This annual report contains descriptions of gold mining and the gold mining industry, including descriptions of geological formations and mining processes. In order to facilitate a better understanding of these descriptions, this annual report contains a glossary defining a number of technical and geological terms. See Information on the CompanyGlossary of Mining Terms.
In this annual report, gold production figures are provided in troy ounces, which are referred to as ounces or oz, or in kilograms, which are referred as kg. Ore grades are provided in grams per metric ton, which are referred to as grams per ton or g/t. All references to tons, tonnes or t in this annual report are to metric tons. All references to gold include gold and gold equivalent ounces, as applicable. See Information on the CompanyGlossary of Mining Terms for further information regarding units of measurement used in this annual report and a table providing rates of conversion between different units of measurement.
This annual report contains references to the lost time injury frequency rate at each Gold Fields operation. The lost time injury frequency rate at each operation includes any injury occurring in the workplace where, at any subsequent time, the injured employee is unable to attend a full shift due to the injury, or Lost Time Injuries.
In this annual report, R and Rand refer to the South African Rand and Rand cents refers to subunits of the South African Rand, $, U.S.$ and U.S. dollars refer to United States dollars, U.S. cents refers to subunits of the U.S. dollar, A$ and Australian dollars refer to Australian dollars and CAD refers to Canadian dollars.
Certain information in this annual report presented in Rand and Australian dollars has been translated into U.S. dollars. Unless otherwise stated, the conversion rates for these translations are Rand 8.13 per $1.00 and A$1.00 per $0.9854, which were the closing rates on December 31, 2011. By including the U.S. dollar equivalents, Gold Fields is not representing that the Rand or Australian dollar amounts actually represent the U.S. dollar amounts shown or that these amounts could be converted into U.S. dollars at the rates indicated.
In this annual report, except where otherwise noted, all production and operating statistics are based on Gold Fields total operations, which include production from the Tarkwa and Damang mines in Ghana and from the Cerro Corona mine in Peru which is attributable to the noncontrolling shareholders in those mines. This annual report contains references to gold equivalent ounces which are quantities of metals (such as copper) expressed as amounts of gold using the prevailing prices of gold and the other metals. To calculate this, the accepted total value of the metal based on its weight and value is divided by the accepted value of one troy ounce of gold.
iii
Forward-looking Statements
This annual report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, with respect to Gold Fields financial condition, results of operations, business strategies, operating efficiencies, competitive position, growth opportunities for existing services, plans and objectives of management, markets for stock and other matters. Statements in this annual report that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements.
These forward-looking statements, including, among others, those relating to the future business prospects, revenues and income of Gold Fields, wherever they may occur in this annual report and the exhibits to the annual report, are necessarily estimates reflecting the best judgment of the senior management of Gold Fields and involve a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those suggested by the forward-looking statements. As a consequence, these forward-looking statements should be considered in light of various important factors, including those set forth in this annual report. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from estimates or projections contained in the forward-looking statements include, without limitation:
| overall economic and business conditions in South Africa, Ghana, Australia, Peru and elsewhere; |
| the ability to achieve anticipated efficiencies and other cost savings in connection with past and future acquisitions; |
| the ability to achieve anticipated cost savings at existing operations; |
| the success of exploration and development activities; |
| decreases in the market price of gold or copper; |
| the occurrence of hazards associated with underground and surface gold mining; |
| the occurrence of work stoppages related to health and safety incidents; |
| the occurrence of labor disruptions and industrial actions; |
| the ability to manage and maintain access to current and future sources of liquidity, capital and credit, including the terms and conditions of Gold Fields facilities and Gold Fields overall cost of funding; |
| the manner, amount and timing of capital expenditures made by Gold Fields on both existing and new mines, mining projects, exploration projects or other initiatives; |
| changes in relevant government regulations, particularly environmental, tax, health and safety, regulations and potential new legislation affecting mining and mineral rights; |
| fluctuations in exchange rates, currency devaluations and other macroeconomic monetary policies; and |
| political instability in South Africa, Ghana, Peru or regionally in Africa or South America. |
Gold Fields undertakes no obligation to update publicly or release any revisions to these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this annual report or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
iv
Page | ||||
1 | ||||
ITEM 1: IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS |
1 | |||
1 | ||||
1 | ||||
28 | ||||
131 | ||||
132 | ||||
219 | ||||
247 | ||||
249 | ||||
250 | ||||
254 | ||||
ITEM 11: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
272 | |||
ITEM 12: DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES |
276 | |||
277 | ||||
277 | ||||
ITEM 14: MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS |
278 | |||
279 | ||||
280 | ||||
281 | ||||
282 | ||||
ITEM 16D: EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES |
283 | |||
ITEM 16E: PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS |
284 | |||
285 | ||||
286 | ||||
287 | ||||
288 | ||||
288 | ||||
289 | ||||
290 | ||||
291 | ||||
295 |
v
ITEM 1: IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
Not applicable.
ITEM 2: OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
Not applicable.
Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Data
The selected historical consolidated financial data set out below for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010, fiscal 2010 and 2009 and as of December 31, 2011, 2010 and as of June 30, 2010 have been derived from Gold Fields audited consolidated financial statements for those years and as of those dates and the related notes. The selected historical consolidated financial data for each of the two years ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, and as of June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 have been derived from Gold Fields audited consolidated financial statements as of that date, which are not included in this annual report, and adjusted where applicable as described below. The selected historical consolidated financial data presented below have been derived from financial statements which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The other Operating Data presented has been calculated as described in the footnotes to the table below:
Fiscal Period Ended(1)(2)(3) | Six-Month Period Ended(1)(2)(3) |
Fiscal
Period Ended(1)(2)(3) |
||||||||||||||||||||||
June 30, 2007 |
June 30, 2008 |
June 30, 2009 |
June 30, 2010 |
December 31, 2010 |
December 31, 2011 |
|||||||||||||||||||
($ millions, unless otherwise stated) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of Operations Data |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
2,735.2 | 3,206.2 | 3,228.3 | 4,164.3 | 2,564.2 | 5,800.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Production costs (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) |
1,707.7 | 1,996.1 | 1,998.6 | 2,544.0 | 1,435.7 | 2,948.6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
388.2 | 400.5 | 433.5 | 631.1 | 389.4 | 745.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Corporate expenditure |
38.4 | 41.0 | 35.5 | 47.5 | 20.7 | 25.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Employee termination costs |
4.9 | 16.2 | 21.0 | 10.3 | 35.3 | 32.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Exploration expenditure |
47.4 | 39.8 | 58.0 | 82.4 | 50.9 | 120.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Feasibility and evaluation costs |
| | | | 9.3 | 95.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Impairment of assets |
| 11.4 | | | | 9.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Shaft closure costs |
| 3.3 | (0.2 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Increase/(decrease) in provision for post-retirement health care costs |
1.3 | (0.7 | ) | 3.4 | (9.4 | ) | (0.1 | ) | 0.1 | |||||||||||||||
Accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation |
6.4 | 12.0 | 13.9 | 19.3 | 10.9 | 24.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
12.5 | 20.7 | 33.7 | 53.9 | 27.0 | 66.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest and dividends |
26.8 | 31.2 | 24.9 | 40.2 | 12.9 | 25.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Finance expense |
(95.2 | ) | (100.4 | ) | (73.9 | ) | (65.2 | ) | (31.7 | ) | (54.3 | ) | ||||||||||||
Unrealized gain on financial instruments |
15.4 | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Realized (loss)/gain on financial instruments |
(10.7 | ) | 19.8 | (1.3 | ) | 27.7 | 1.0 | 4.4 | ||||||||||||||||
(Loss)/gain on foreign exchange |
(15.1 | ) | 1.7 | 10.2 | (8.5 | ) | (1.4 | ) | 9.1 |
1
Fiscal Period Ended(1)(2)(3) | Six-Month Period Ended(1)(2)(3) |
Fiscal
Period Ended(1)(2)(3) |
||||||||||||||||||||||
June 30, 2007 |
June 30, 2008 |
June 30, 2009 |
June 30, 2010 |
December 31, 2010 |
December 31, 2011 |
|||||||||||||||||||
($ millions, unless otherwise stated) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Profit/(loss) on sale of property, plant and equipment |
7.4 | 4.6 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.7 | (0.4 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Profit/(loss) on disposal of subsidiaries |
| 208.4 | (0.3 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Profit/(loss) on disposal of listed investments |
26.8 | 3.7 | (16.1 | ) | 111.7 | (0.4 | ) | 12.8 | ||||||||||||||||
Impairment of listed investments |
| | (16.0 | ) | (8.1 | ) | | (0.5 | ) | |||||||||||||||
South African Equity Empowerment Transactions |
| | | | (297.6 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Other (expenses)/income |
(2.2 | ) | 5.9 | (7.7 | ) | (31.9 | ) | (30.5 | ) | (69.9 | ) | |||||||||||||
Royalties(4) |
| | | | (43.3 | ) | (149.7 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Income before tax, impairment of investment in equity investee and share of equity investees (losses)/income |
481.6 | 840.8 | 551.2 | 851.4 | 194.8 | 1,507.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Income and mining tax expense |
(209.3 | ) | (271.2 | ) | (264.6 | ) | (358.4 | ) | (133.8 | ) | (552.0 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Income before impairment of investment in equity investee and share of equity investees (losses)/income |
272.3 | 569.6 | 286.6 | 493.0 | 61.0 | 955.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Impairment of investment in equity investee |
| (61.3 | ) | (87.4 | ) | | | (6.8 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Share of equity investees (losses)/income |
0.3 | (16.0 | ) | (3.5 | ) | (22.7 | ) | 4.9 | 4.0 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net income |
272.6 | 492.3 | 195.7 | 470.3 | 65.9 | 953.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Less: Net income attributable to non controlling interests |
(26.5 | ) | (39.8 | ) | (34.8 | ) | (79.3 | ) | (53.3 | ) | (71.5 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net income attributable to Gold Fields shareholders |
246.1 | 452.5 | 160.9 | 391.0 | 12.6 | 881.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Basic earnings per share attributable to Gold Fields shareholders($) |
0.44 | 0.69 | 0.24 | 0.55 | 0.02 | 1.22 | ||||||||||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Gold Fields shareholders($) |
0.44 | 0.69 | 0.24 | 0.55 | 0.02 | 1.21 | ||||||||||||||||||
Dividend per share (Rand) |
2.00 | 1.60 | 1.50 | 1.30 | 0.70 | 1.70 | ||||||||||||||||||
Dividend per share ($) |
0.28 | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.10 | 0.24 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other Operating Data |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs per equivalent ounce of gold produced ($)(5) |
394 | 505 | 538 | 670 | 753 | 835 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs per equivalent ounce of gold produced ($)(6) |
482 | 610 | 659 | 837 | 953 | 1,039 | ||||||||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per equivalent ounce of gold produced ($)(7) |
596 | 822 | 763 | 928 | 1,060 | 1,153 |
Notes: |
(1) | On July 1, 2009, Gold Fields adopted updated guidance pertaining to ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent (noncontrolling interests), which requires noncontrolling interests to be classified as a separate component of equity for presentation and disclosure purposes. The data for the years ended June 30, 2007, 2008 and 2009 have been adjusted to conform to the updated guidance. |
(2) | Under a revised accounting policy adopted in fiscal 2007, all costs associated with the development of a specific underground block or area are capitalized until saleable minerals are extracted from that specific block or area. At Gold Fields underground mines, these costs include the cost of shaft sinking and access, the costs of building access ways, lateral development, drift development, ramps, box cuts and other |
2
infrastructure development. Previously, at Gold Fields underground mines, costs incurred to develop the property were capitalized only until the reef horizons were intersected. Subsequent mine development costs to access other specific ore blocks or areas of the mine were treated as variable production costs and expensed as incurred. |
(3) | As a result of the acquisition of Western Areas, Western Areas was fully consolidated with Gold Fields as from December 1, 2006. During the period between December 1, 2006 and March 31, 2007, Gold Fields did not own 100% of Western Areas and therefore did not own 100% of South Deep. The percentages of the results of Western Areas and South Deep that did not accrue to Gold Fields have been accounted for as noncontrolling interests. U.S. GAAP requires that, where a company is acquired through a series of transactions, an investment in that company that was previously accounted for as available for sale be retrospectively accounted for on an equity basis. Since Gold Fields had previously held interests in Western Areas which were accounted for as available for sale, its results for the period July 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006 have been adjusted accordingly to account for the investment in Western Areas using the equity method. |
(4) | The classification of royalty expense at Gold Fields operations requires judgment, particularly at the Groups South African and Ghanaian operations, where the percentages to be applied in calculating royalties are influenced by the expenses incurred in generating those product sales (and therefore the profitability of the operations). In light of the fact that the calculation of royalties in Ghana, representing the largest component of consolidated royalty expense, was changed as of April 1, 2011 to 5% of revenues earned from minerals obtained (regardless of the operating margin), Gold Fields changed the classification of royalty expense in its consolidated financial statements from a component of income and mining taxes to royalties in its consolidated statements of operations for the six month period ended December 31, 2010. Given the change in circumstances, Gold Fields considers it appropriate to change the presentation for all periods beginning with the six months ended December 31, 2010. |
(5) | Gold Fields has calculated total cash costs per ounce by dividing total cash costs, as determined using guidance provided by the Gold Institute, by gold ounces sold for all periods presented. The guidance was first adopted in 1996 and revised in November 1999. Total cash costs, as defined in the Gold Institute industry guidance, are production costs as recorded in the statement of operations, less offsite (i.e. central) general and administrative expenses (including head office costs performance, as well as changes in the currency exchange rate between the Rand, Australian dollar and the Bolivar, compared with the U.S. dollar). Total cash costs and total cash costs per ounce are not U.S. GAAP measures. Management, however, believes that total cash costs per ounce provides a measure for comparing Gold Fields operational performance against that of its peer group, both for Gold Fields as a whole, and for its individual operations. An investor should not consider total cash costs and total cash costs per ounce in isolation or as an alternative to total production costs or net income/(loss), income before tax, operating cash flows or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In particular, depreciation and amortization is included in a measure of production costs under U.S. GAAP, but is not included in total cash costs under the guidance provided by the Gold Institute. See Presentation of Financial Information and Information on the CompanyGlossary of Mining TermsTotal cash costs per ounce. For a reconciliation of Gold Fields production costs to its total cash costs for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and Prospects-Results of OperationsSix Months ended December 31, 2010Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(6) | Gold Fields has calculated total production costs per ounce by dividing total production costs, as determined using the guidance provided by the Gold Institute, by gold ounces sold for all periods presented. Total production costs, as defined by the Gold Institute industry guidance, are total cash costs, as calculated using the Gold Institute guidance, plus amortization, depreciation and rehabilitation costs. Changes in total production costs per ounce are affected by operational performance, as well as changes in the currency exchange rate between the Rand, and the Australian dollar compared with the U.S. dollar. Changes in the currency exchange rate between the Bolivar and the U.S. dollar affected changes in total production costs |
3
per ounce until the sale of the Choco 10 mine on November 30, 2007. Total production costs per ounce is not a U.S. GAAP measure. Management, however, believes that total production costs per ounce provides a measure for comparing Gold Fields operational performance against that of its peer group, both for Gold Fields as a whole, and for its individual operations. An investor should not consider total production costs per ounce in isolation or as an alternative to total production costs or net income/(loss), income before tax, operating cash flows or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. See Presentation of Financial Information and Information on the CompanyGlossary of Mining TermsTotal production costs per ounce. For a reconciliation of Gold Fields production costs to its total production costs for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(7) | Gold Fields defines notional cash expenditure, or NCE, as operating costs plus additions to property, plant and equipment, and defines operating costs as production costs (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) plus corporate expenditure, employment termination costs and accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation. Gold Fields reports NCE on a per equivalent ounce basis. For a description of NCE and a reconciliation of Gold Fields NCE to its production costs for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
As at(1)(2)(3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
June 30, 2007 |
June 30, 2008 |
June 30, 2009 |
June 30, 2010 |
December 31, 2010 |
December 31, 2011 |
|||||||||||||||||||
($ million, unless otherwise stated) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
326.4 | 253.7 | 357.5 | 500.7 | 809.5 | 744.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Current portion of financial instruments |
| 6.9 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Receivables |
297.7 | 280.1 | 383.5 | 305.4 | 411.4 | 483.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Inventories |
144.9 | 152.8 | 196.0 | 234.9 | 256.3 | 297.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Material contained on heap leach pads |
58.1 | 74.5 | 81.3 | 91.5 | 111.3 | 187.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total current assets |
827.1 | 768.0 | 1,018.3 | 1,132.5 | 1,588.5 | 1,713.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
5,576.8 | 5,423.7 | 5,756.9 | 6,639.7 | 7,482.0 | 7,016.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Goodwill |
1,222.7 | 1,092.8 | 1,084.7 | 1,154.9 | 1,295.2 | 1,075.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Non-current investments |
401.8 | 737.4 | 475.2 | 254.3 | 344.3 | 272.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total assets |
8,028.4 | 8,021.9 | 8,335.1 | 9,181.4 | 10,710.0 | 10,077.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Accounts payable and provisions |
463.6 | 610.3 | 533.5 | 551.9 | 670.6 | 669.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Current portion of financial instruments |
10.8 | | 1.7 | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest payable |
34.7 | 29.2 | 14.4 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 11.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Income and mining taxes payable |
72.2 | 123.1 | 98.2 | 104.3 | 156.1 | 264.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Current portion of long-term loans |
227.5 | 772.9 | 317.8 | 691.1 | 261.7 | 547.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Bank overdraft |
3.3 | 2.7 | 9.7 | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
812.1 | 1,538.2 | 975.3 | 1,351.8 | 1,092.5 | 1,492.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Long-term loans |
1,211.8 | 564.2 | 785.9 | 430.0 | 1,136.6 | 1,360.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deferred income and mining taxes |
879.5 | 719.9 | 817.7 | 982.5 | 1,051.8 | 1,019.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Provision for environmental rehabilitation |
197.2 | 216.2 | 236.9 | 275.7 | 324.4 | 336.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Provision for post-retirement health care costs |
9.5 | 7.9 | 11.4 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other non-current liabilities |
| | 3.9 | | 19.7 | 13.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total liabilities |
3,110.1 | 3,046.4 | 2,831.1 | 3,042.8 | 3,627.7 | 4,225.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
As at(1)(2)(3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
June 30, 2007 |
June 30, 2008 |
June 30, 2009 |
June 30, 2010 |
December 31, 2010 |
December 31, 2011 |
|||||||||||||||||||
($ million, unless otherwise stated) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share capital |
54.8 | 54.9 | 57.7 | 57.8 | 58.8 | 59.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
4,459.8 | 4,490.4 | 4,944.2 | 5,005.4 | 5,313.2 | 5,374.6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Retained earnings |
211.8 | 521.8 | 561.5 | 834.4 | 779.6 | 772.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)/income |
64.8 | (243.0 | ) | (338.9 | ) | (96.5 | ) | 562.4 | (423.3 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total equity attributable to Gold Fields shareholders |
4,791.2 | 4,824.1 | 5,224.5 | 5,801.1 | 6,714.0 | 5,782.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Noncontrolling interests |
127.1 | 151.4 | 279.5 | 337.5 | 368.3 | 69.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total equity |
4,918.3 | 4,975.5 | 5,504.0 | 6,138.6 | 7,082.3 | 5,852.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total liabilities and equity |
8,028.4 | 8,021.9 | 8,335.1 | 9,181.4 | 10,710.0 | 10,077.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As at(1)(2)(3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
June 30, 2007 |
June 30, 2008 |
June 30, 2009 |
June 30, 2010 |
December 31, 2010 |
December 31, 2011 |
|||||||||||||||||||
($ million, unless otherwise stated) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other Financial Data |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of ordinary shares as adjusted to reflect changes in capital structure |
652,158,066 | 653,200,682 | 704,749,849 | 705,903,511 | 720,796,887 | 724,591,516 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net Assets |
4,791.2 | 4,824.1 | 5,224.5 | 5,801.1 | 6,714.0 | 5,782.8 |
Notes: |
(1) | On July 1, 2009, Gold Fields adopted updated guidance pertaining to ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent (noncontrolling interests), which requires noncontrolling interests to be classified as a separate component of equity for presentation and disclosure purposes. The data as at June 30, 2007, 2008 and 2009 have been adjusted to conform to the updated guidance. |
(2) | Under a revised accounting principle adopted in fiscal 2007, all costs associated with the development of a specific underground block or area are capitalized until saleable minerals are extracted from that specific block or area. At Gold Fields underground mines, these costs include the cost of shaft sinking and access, the costs of building access ways, lateral development, drift development, ramps, box cuts and other infrastructure development. Previously, at Gold Fields underground mines, costs incurred to develop the property were capitalized only until the reef horizons were intersected. Subsequent mine development costs to access other specific ore blocks or areas of the mine were treated as variable production costs and expensed as incurred. |
(3) | As a result of the acquisition of Western Areas, Western Areas was fully consolidated with Gold Fields as from December 1, 2006. During the period between December 1, 2006 and March 31, 2007, Gold Fields did not own 100% of Western Areas and therefore did not own 100% of South Deep. The percentages of the results of Western Areas and South Deep that did not accrue to Gold Fields have been accounted for as noncontrolling interests. U.S. GAAP requires that, where a company is acquired through a series of transactions, an investment in that company that was previously accounted for as available for sale be retrospectively accounted for on an equity basis. Since Gold Fields had previously held interests in Western Areas which were accounted for as available for sale, its results for prior years and the period July 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006 have been adjusted accordingly to account for the investment in Western Areas using the equity method. |
5
Exchange Rates
The following tables set forth, for the periods indicated, the average, high and low exchange rates of Rand for U.S. Dollars, expressed in Rand per $1.00. For periods prior to December 31, 2008, the following tables express the exchange rates in terms of the noon buying rate in New York City for cable transfers in Rand as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. As of December 31, 2008, the Federal Reserve Bank ceased publication of the noon buying rate and, as such, the exchange rates for fiscal 2009 are sourced from I-Net Bridge, being the closing rate at period end.
Year ended |
Average(1) | |||
June 30, 2007 |
7.20 | (1) | ||
June 30, 2008 |
7.30 | (1) | ||
June 30, 2009 |
9.01 | (2) | ||
June 30, 2010 |
7.58 | (2) | ||
December 31, 2010 |
7.32 | (2) | ||
December 31, 2011 |
7.22 | (2) | ||
through March 23, 2012 |
7.75 |
Notes: |
(1) | The average of the noon buying rates on the last day of each full month during the relevant period as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. |
(2) | The daily average of the closing rate during the relevant period as reported by I-Net Bridge. |
Month ended |
High | Low | ||||||
September 30, 2011 |
8.40 | 7.00 | ||||||
October 31, 2011 |
8.28 | 7.71 | ||||||
November 30, 2011 |
8.56 | 7.85 | ||||||
December 31, 2011 |
8.42 | 8.01 | ||||||
January 31, 2012 |
8.18 | 7.74 | ||||||
February 28, 2012 |
7.77 | 7.47 |
The closing rate for the Rand on March 23, 2012 as reported by I-Net Bridge was Rand 7.67 per $1.00. Fluctuations in the exchange rate between the Rand and the U.S. dollar will affect the dollar equivalent of the price of the ordinary shares on the JSE, which may affect the market price of the American Depositary Shares, or ADSs, on the New York Stock Exchange. These fluctuations will also affect the U.S. dollar amounts received by owners of ADSs on the conversion of any dividends paid in Rand on the ordinary shares.
6
RISK FACTORS
In addition to the other information included in this annual report, the considerations listed below could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, financial condition or results of operations, resulting in a decline in the trading price of Gold Fields ordinary shares or ADSs. The risks set forth below comprise all material risks currently known to Gold Fields. However, there may be additional risks that Gold Fields does not currently know of or that Gold Fields currently deems immaterial based on the information available to it. These factors should be considered carefully, together with the information and financial data set forth in this document.
Changes in the market price for gold, and to a lesser extent copper, which in the past have fluctuated widely, affect the profitability of Gold Fields operations and the cash flows generated by those operations.
Most of Gold Fields revenues are derived from the sale of gold. Historically, the market price for gold has fluctuated widely and has been affected by numerous factors over which Gold Fields has no control, including:
| the demand for gold for industrial uses and for use in jewelry; |
| demand for gold from relatively new emerging markets, particularly Brazil, Russia, India and China, and the emerging middle class in these markets; |
| actual, expected or rumored purchases and sales of gold bullion holdings by central banks or other large gold bullion holders or dealers; |
| demand for exchange traded funds which replicate the exact performance of gold; |
| demand for gold for investment purposes; |
| speculative trading activities in gold; |
| the overall level of forward sales by other gold producers; |
| the overall level and cost of production by other gold producers; |
| international or regional political and economic events or trends; |
| the strength or weakness of the U.S. dollar (the currency in which gold prices generally are quoted) and of other currencies; |
| financial market expectations regarding the rate of inflation; and |
| interest rates. |
In addition, the current demand for and supply of gold affects the price of gold, but not necessarily in the same manner as current demand and supply affect the prices of other commodities. Since the potential supply of gold is large relative to mine production in any given year, normal variations in current production will not necessarily have a significant effect on the supply of gold or the gold price. Central banks, financial institutions and individuals historically have held large amounts of gold as a store of value, and production in any given year historically has constituted a small portion of the total potential supply of gold. Historically, gold has tended to retain its value in relative terms against basic goods in times of inflation and monetary crisis. Pursuant to a gold sales agreement entered into by 15 European central banks, individual banks may sell up to 400 tons of gold per year. However, the effect on the market of these or any other gold sales is unclear.
Due to the credit crisis in the Euro zone countries and other factors, the market price of gold has experienced significant volatility. In fiscal 2011, the average London afternoon fixing price for gold was U.S.$1,571 per ounce. For the same period, the high was U.S.$1,895 per ounce and the low was U.S.$1,319 per ounce. On March 23, 2012, the London afternoon fixing price for gold was U.S.$1,664 per ounce. A sustained period of significant gold price volatility may adversely affect Gold Fields ability to evaluate the feasibility of undertaking new capital projects or continuing existing operations or to make other long-term strategic decisions.
7
While the aggregate effect of these factors is impossible for Gold Fields to predict, if gold prices fall below the amount it costs Gold Fields to produce gold and remain at such levels for any sustained period, Gold Fields may experience losses and may be forced to curtail or suspend some or all of its exploration projects, growth projects, operations and/or reduce operational capital expenditures. In addition, Gold Fields might not be able to recover any losses it may incur during that period.
Copper accounts for a significant proportion of the revenues at Gold Fields Cerro Corona mine, although copper is not a major element of Gold Fields overall revenues. A variety of factors may depress global copper prices, including slowing growth rates in Brazil, Russia, China and India. A decline in copper prices, which have also fluctuated widely, could adversely affect the revenues and cash flows from the Cerro Corona mine.
Because Gold Fields does not use commodity or derivative instruments to protect against low gold prices with respect to its production, Gold Fields may be impacted by any significant decline in the price of gold.
As a general rule, Gold Fields sells its gold production at market prices. Gold Fields generally does not enter into forward sales, derivatives or other hedging arrangements to establish a price in advance for the sale of its future gold production. In general, hedging reduces the risk of exposure to volatility in the gold price. Hedging also enables a gold producer to fix the price that it receives for gold which generally is higher than the then current spot price. To the extent that Gold Fields does not generally use commodity or derivative instruments, it will not be protected against declines in the gold price, which could lead to reduced revenue in respect of gold production that is not hedged. See Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Gold Fields mineral reserves are estimates based on a number of assumptions, any changes to which may require Gold Fields to lower its estimated mineral reserves.
The mineral reserves stated in this annual report represent the amount of gold and copper that Gold Fields estimated, as of December 31, 2011, could be mined, processed and sold at prices sufficient to recover Gold Fields estimated future total costs of production, remaining investment and anticipated additional capital expenditures. Ore reserves are estimates based on assumptions regarding, among other things, Gold Fields costs, expenditures, prices and exchange rates, which may prove inaccurate due to a number of factors, many of which are beyond Gold Fields control.
In 2010, Gold Fields changed its fiscal year-end from June 30 to December 31 to align with the companys peers in the gold mining industry. The mineral reserves as at December 31, 2011 have been prepared in accordance with the SAMREC Code. Therefore, the information regarding the Groups mineral reserves as at December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 has been prepared at a different point in the year than the reserves information as at June 30, 2009. As a result, the mineral reserve information prepared as at December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 may not be directly comparable to that reported by the Group in prior years.
In the event that Gold Fields revises any of its assumptions that underlie its mineral reserves reporting in an adverse manner, Gold Fields may need to revise its mineral reserves downwards. In particular, if Gold Fields production costs or capital expenditures increase, if gold or copper prices decrease or if the Rand or Australian dollar strengthens against the U.S. dollar, a portion of Gold Fields mineral reserves may become uneconomical to recover, forcing Gold Fields to lower its estimated reserves. See Information on the CompanyReserves of Gold Fields as of December 31, 2011.
To the extent that Gold Fields seeks to expand through acquisitions, it may experience problems in executing acquisitions or managing and integrating the acquisitions with its existing operations.
In order to expand its operations and reserve base, Gold Fields may seek to make acquisitions of selected precious metal producing and/or exploration companies or assets. Gold Fields success at making any acquisitions will depend on a number of factors, including, but not limited to:
| negotiating acceptable terms with the seller of the business or equities to be acquired; |
| obtaining approval from regulatory authorities; |
8
| assimilating the operations of an acquired business in a timely and efficient manner; |
| maintaining Gold Fields financial and strategic focus while integrating the acquired business; |
| implementing Gold Fields standards, controls, procedures and policies at the acquired business; |
| operating in a new environment to the extent that Gold Fields makes an acquisition outside of markets in which it has previously operated; and |
| legal, regulatory or other changes in any jurisdiction that may affect the success of an acquisition. |
There can be no assurance that any acquisition will achieve the results intended. Any problems experienced by Gold Fields in connection with an acquisition as a result of one or more of these factors could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition.
To the extent that Gold Fields seeks to expand through its exploration program, it may experience problems associated with mineral exploration or developing mining projects.
In order to expand its operations and reserve base, Gold Fields may rely on its exploration program for gold and other metals associated with gold as well as its ability to develop mining projects. Exploration for gold and other metals associated with gold is speculative in nature, involves many risks and is frequently unsuccessful. Any exploration program entails risks relating to the location of economic ore bodies, the development of appropriate extractive processes, the receipt of necessary governmental permits and regulatory approvals and the construction of mining and processing facilities at the mining site. Gold Fields exploration efforts may not result in the discovery of gold or other metals associated with gold and any mineralization discovered may not result in an increase of Gold Fields reserves. If ore bodies are developed, it can take a number of years and substantial expenditures from the initial phases of drilling until production commences, during which time the economic feasibility of production may change. Gold Fields exploration program may not result in the replacement of current production with new reserves or result in any new commercial mining operations. In addition, to the extent Gold Fields participates in the development of a project through a joint venture or any other multi-party commercial structure, there could be disagreements, legal or otherwise, or divergent interests or goals amongst the parties, which could jeopardize the success of the project.
Furthermore, significant capital investment is required to achieve commercial production from exploration efforts. There is no assurance that Gold Fields will have, or be able to raise, the required funds to engage in these activities or to meet its obligations with respect to the exploration properties in which it has or may acquire an interest.
Due to the nature of mining and the type of gold mines it operates, Gold Fields faces a material risk of liability, delays, mine stoppages and increased production costs from environmental and industrial accidents and pollution.
The business of gold mining by its nature involves significant risks and hazards, including environmental hazards and industrial and mining accidents. In particular, hazards associated with Gold Fields underground mining operations include:
| rock bursts; |
| seismic events, particularly at the KDC and South Deep operations; |
| extreme ambient operating temperature |
| underground fires and explosions, including those caused by flammable gas or in connection with blasting; |
9
| cave-ins or gravity falls of ground; |
| discharges of gases and toxic substances; |
| releases of radioactivity; |
| flooding; |
| electrocution; |
| falling from height; |
| accidents related to the presence of mobile machinery, including locomotives, shaft conveyances and elevators; |
| ground and surface water pollution, including as a result of potential spillage or seepage from tailings dams; |
| sinkhole formation and ground subsidence; |
| human error; and |
| other accidents and conditions resulting from drilling, blasting and removing and processing material from an underground mine. |
Gold Fields South African operations may be more susceptible to certain of these risks due to mining at deep levels.
Hazards associated with Gold Fields open pit mining operations include:
| flooding of the open pit; |
| extreme ambient operating temperatures; |
| collapses of the open pit walls; |
| electrocution; |
| accidents associated with the operation of large open pit mining and rock transportation equipment; |
| accidents related to the presence of other mobile machinery; |
| accidents associated with the preparation and ignition of large-scale open pit blasting operations; |
| ground and surface water pollution, including as a result of potential spillage or seepage from tailings dams; |
| production disruptions due to weather; and |
| hazards associated with heap leach processing, such as groundwater and waterway contamination. |
Hazards associated with Gold Fields rock dump and production stockpile mining and tailings disposal include:
| accidents associated with operating a rock dump and production stockpile and rock transportation equipment; |
| production disruptions due to weather; |
| sinkhole formation and ground subsidence; |
| collapses of rock dumps or tailings dams; and |
| ground and surface water pollution, on and off site. |
10
Gold Fields is at risk of experiencing any and all of these environmental or other industrial hazards. The occurrence of any of these hazards could delay or halt production, increase production costs and result in liability for Gold Fields.
Gold Fields may also be subject to actions by labor groups or other interested parties who object to perceived or actual conditions and policies at the mines or to the perceived or actual environmental impact of the mines. These actions may delay or halt production, increase production costs, result in liability for the Group or may create negative publicity related to Gold Fields.
Ageing infrastructure may cause breakdowns and unplanned stoppages, which may result in production delays, increased costs and industrial accidents.
Deep level gold mining shafts and processing plants are usually designed with a lifespan of 25 to 30 years. Vertical shafts consist of large quantities of infrastructure steelwork for guiding conveyances and services such as high and low tension electric cables, air and water pipe columns. Maintaining this infrastructure requires skilled human resources, capital allocation, management and planned maintenance.
Once a shaft or a processing plant has reached the end of its intended lifespan, more than normal maintenance and care is required to maintain it. Some of Gold Fields South African operating shafts and Gold Fields processing plants are more than 30 years old. Although Gold Fields has a comprehensive maintenance strategy in place, incidents resulting in production delays, increased costs or industrial accidents may occur. Such incidents may have a material adverse effect on the companys results of operations and financial position.
If Gold Fields experiences losses of senior management or is unable to hire and retain sufficient technically skilled employees, its business may be materially adversely affected.
Gold Fields ability to operate or expand effectively depends largely on the experience, skills and performance of its senior management team and technically skilled employees. There can be no certainty that the services of its senior management will continue to be available to Gold Fields. Any senior management departures could adversely affect Gold Fields efficiency, control over operations and results of operations.
During fiscal 2009, Gold Fields restructured its operations into four regions: South Africa, West Africa, South America and Australasia. See Information on the CompanyStrategyRegional Delivery Model. An important element of this restructuring was bolstering the technical skills base of each of the four regional management teams to provide additional resources and to provide for succession planning. The mining industry, including Gold Fields, continues to experience a global shortage of technically skilled employees. Gold Fields may be unable to hire or retain appropriate technically skilled employees or other management personnel, or may have to pay higher levels of remuneration than it currently intends in order to do so. If Gold Fields is not able to hire and retain appropriate management and technically skilled personnel, or if there are not sufficient succession plans in place, Gold Fields may not achieve the intended benefits of its regional restructuring, which could have a material adverse effect on its business, results of operations and financial position.
Because gold is generally sold in U.S. dollars, while most of Gold Fields production costs are in Rand, Australian dollars and other non-U.S. dollar currencies, Gold Fields operating results and financial condition could be materially harmed by an appreciation in the value of these non-U.S. dollar currencies.
Gold is sold throughout the world principally in U.S. dollars, but Gold Fields costs of production are incurred principally in Rand, Australian dollars and other non-U.S. dollar currencies. As a result, any significant and sustained appreciation of any of these non-U.S. dollar currencies against the U.S. dollar may materially increase Gold Fields costs in U.S. dollar terms, which could materially adversely affect Gold Fields operating results and financial condition.
11
Economic, political or social instability in the countries or regions where Gold Fields operates may have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields operations and profits.
Approximately half of Gold Fields production is in South Africa. Gold Fields also has significant operations in Ghana, Australia and Peru. As a result, changes or instability to the economic, political or social environment in South Africa or in any of these other countries or in neighboring countries could affect an investment in Gold Fields.
In particular, continued or increased inflation in any of the countries where it operates could increase the prices Gold Fields pays for products and services, including wages for its employees and power costs, which if not offset by increased gold prices or currency devaluations could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields financial condition and results of operations.
In recent years, governments (local and national), communities, non-governmental organizations and trade unions in several jurisdictions have sought and, in some cases, have implemented greater cost imposts on the mining industry, including through the imposition of additional taxes and royalties. These trends are evident in the cost of electricity and other levies imposed by governments in many of the countries in which Gold Fields operates. In South Africa, the African National Congress, or the ANC, is considering a report which, among other things, proposes greater state intervention in the mining industry, including the imposition of new taxes and increasing the states holdings in mining companies. Moreover, the Ghanaian parliament passed a bill that, effective March 9, 2012, increases taxes on mining companies in order to benefit from the movement in gold prices. These changes included introducing a separate tax category for companies engaged in mining which would raise the applicable corporate tax rate from 25% to 35% as well as introducing a much less favorable capital allowance regime, which may affect Gold Fields future capital expenditure decisions. Further, a draft bill is being prepared proposing a windfall tax on mining activities but it has not yet been released for consent. The impositions of additional operational costs, taxes or royalty payments could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition.
Further, the South African government has implemented laws aimed at alleviating and redressing the disadvantages suffered by citizens under previous governments. In the future, the South African government may implement new laws and policies, which in turn may have a material adverse impact on Gold Fields operations and financial results.
In recent years, South Africa has continued to experience high levels of crime and unemployment. These problems may have impacted fixed inward investment into South Africa and have prompted emigration of skilled workers. As a result, Gold Fields may have difficulties attracting and retaining qualified employees.
Numerous public statements have been made about the nationalization of South African mines. While the official policy of the South African government is not to nationalize mines, these comments and any other potential threats of nationalization may negatively affect investors perceptions of South Africa. The ANC set up a committee to investigate greater intervention in the minerals sector. A research report from this committee was recently reviewed at the National Executive Committee of the ANC. The report recommends against full scale nationalization in favor of, among other things, the revision of the existing royalty and tax regimes and will be discussed at the next national policy conference of the ANC to be held in June 2012.
There has been regional political and economic instability in certain of the countries surrounding South Africa. Any similar political or economic instability in South Africa could have a negative impact on Gold Fields ability to manage and operate its South African operations.
In addition, there has also been local opposition to mine development projects in Peru. The Groups operations and other mining operations in Peru have been the subject of local protests in the past, including the illegal blockades of access roads. Such blockades are normally accompanied by demands for increased employment from local communities and increased use of local contractors. In addition, Gold Fields Cerro
12
Corona mine is near the planned Newmont-Buenaventura Conga Project which was the subject of local protests. While production at Cerro Corona has not been affected by this opposition, Cerro Corona, along with other mining operations, may be affected by protests or heightened restrictions on mining activities in the future. Cerro Corona shares the same public road as the Conga Project. There have also been protests against the Gold Fields Chucapaca project in Peru. If Gold Fields experiences further opposition in connection with its operations in Peru, or if protests aimed at other mining operations affect operations at Cerro Corona, it could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields financial condition and results of operations.
Regional and national elections took place in Peru in late 2010 and early 2011 respectively. President Humala took office in late July 2011. Based on the appointments made in key governmental positions and public declarations, management does not expect major changes to Peruvian government policy, other than increased attention given to social inclusion programs. However, as announced during President Humalas campaign, a new special tax regime for mining companies was established in 2011, increasing the tax burden on mining companies. In addition, a new consultation law has been enacted, requiring the government to consult with indigenous or native populations on legislative or administrative proposals that may have an impact on their collective rights. It is not yet certain what, if any, other political or economic impact the policies of the new administration will have on Peru generally, or on Gold Fields specifically.
Power cost increases may adversely affect Gold Fields results of operations.
In South Africa, Gold Fields mining operations depend upon electrical power generated by the State utility, Eskom. Eskom holds a monopoly on power supply in the South African market. Eskom applied to the National Energy Regulator of South Africa, or NERSA, for a 35% average tariff increase on each of April 1, 2010, 2011 and 2012, and NERSA granted average increases of 24.8%, 25.8% and 25.9%, respectively. However, in March 2012, Eskom announced that as of April 1, 2012, the tariff increase will be 16%. Gold Fields expects further significant additional increases during the next several years as Eskom embarks on an electricity generation capacity expansion program. Should Gold Fields experience further power tariff increases, its results of operations may be adversely impacted. In fiscal 2011, power costs made up 14% of the cost of production at the South African operations. See Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsKDC OperationMining.
Both Gold Fields Ghana Limited, or Gold Fields Ghana, and Abosso Goldfields Limited, or Abosso, have agreed on new tariffs with their respective power suppliers (the state electricity supplier, the Volta River Authority, or VRA, supplies power to Gold Fields Ghana and the Electricity Company of Ghana, or ECG, provides power to Abosso), representing approximately a 54% increase over the previous year. In fiscal 2011, Gold Fields paid $0.157 per kilowatt hour. In the first half of calendar 2010, Gold Fields paid $0.099 per kilowatt hour, while in the second half of calendar 2010, it paid $0.131 per kilowatt hour. Until gas supply to the generating units in Ghana is assured, energy prices will correlate with the crude oil price. In this regard, it is expected that the next tariff review will result in an increase in the tariff. The VRA has provided a revised Power Sales and Purchase Agreement between VRA and Gold Fields Ghana which is expected to be concluded in April 2012. VRA tariffs for the period from January 2011 to December 2011 have been concluded. A tariff has been agreed with the ECG covering the period June 1, 2010 to May 31, 2011. Tariff rates for June 2011 to May 2012 are being negotiated. Any increase in the electricity price could have a material adverse effect on the Groups business and operating results.
Further, Gold Fields contract for the supply of electricity to its Australian operations is due to expire in 2014. Any replacement of this supply may entail a significant increase in costs due to the volatile Western Australian gas market. Any such increase in costs could have a material adverse impact on the Groups business and operating results.
Power stoppages, fluctuations and usage constraints may force Gold Fields to halt or curtail operations.
In 2008, South Africa experienced disruptions in electrical power supply and these disruptions impacted Gold Fields operations. The Department of Energy is in the process of developing a power conservation
13
program, including rules regarding baseline adjustments and load growth. However, there can be no assurance that this conservation program will ensure that there is sufficient electricity available for Gold Fields to run its South African operations at full capacity or at all.
Although the VRA has not imposed any power cuts in Ghana since August 2006, frequent power interruptions have occurred. The national utility remains reliant on hydropower for approximately 50% of its generation and there can be no assurance that there will not be new disruptions to the electricity supply in the future. Should Gold Fields experience power outages, fluctuations or usage constraints at any of its operations, then its business and results of operations may be materially adversely impacted.
Actual and potential supply chain shortages and increases in the prices of production inputs may have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields operations and profits.
Gold Fields results of operations may be affected by the availability and pricing of raw materials and other essential production inputs, including fuel, steel and cyanide and other reagents. The price of raw materials may be substantially affected by changes in global supply and demand, along with weather conditions, governmental controls and other factors. A sustained interruption in the supply of any of these materials would require Gold Fields to find acceptable substitute suppliers and could require it to pay higher prices for such materials. Any significant increase in the prices of these materials will increase the Companys operating costs and affect production considerations.
Giant tires, of the type used by Gold Fields for its large earthmoving equipment and trucks, are in short supply, and prices have risen recently and may continue to rise in the future. This shortage of tires for earthmoving vehicles is causing mining companies to review operating practices, to seek additional methods of preserving tire life and to examine alternative sources of tire supply. To the extent that Gold Fields is unable to procure an adequate supply of these tires, it may have to alter its mining plans, especially at its open pit operations, which could reduce its gold production and have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition.
Gold Fields insurance coverage may prove inadequate to satisfy potential claims.
Gold Fields has an insurance program, however it may become subject to liability for pollution, occupational illnesses or other hazards against which it has not insured, cannot insure or has insufficiently insured, including those in respect of past mining activities. Gold Fields existing property and liability insurance contains exclusions and limitations on coverage. Should Gold Fields suffer a major loss, future earnings could be affected. In addition, insurance may not continue to be available at economically acceptable premiums. As a result, in the future, Gold Fields insurance coverage may not cover the extent of claims against Gold Fields, including, but not limited to, claims for environmental or industrial accidents, occupational illnesses or pollution.
Gold Fields financial flexibility could be materially constrained by South African exchange control regulations.
South Africas exchange control regulations restrict the export of capital from South Africa, the Republic of Namibia, and the Kingdoms of Lesotho and Swaziland, known collectively as the Common Monetary Area, or the CMA. Transactions between South African residents (including companies) and non-residents of the CMA are subject to exchange controls enforced by the South African Reserve Bank, or SARB. As a result, Gold Fields ability to raise and deploy capital outside the CMA is restricted.
Under South African exchange control regulations, Gold Fields must obtain approval from the SARB regarding any capital raising involving a currency other than the Rand. In connection with its approval, it is possible that the SARB may impose conditions on Gold Fields use of the proceeds of any such capital raising, such as limits on Gold Fields ability to retain the proceeds of the capital raising outside South Africa or requirements that Gold Fields seek further SARB approval prior to applying any such funds to a specific use.
14
These restrictions could hinder Gold Fields financial and strategic flexibility, particularly its ability to fund acquisitions, capital expenditures and exploration projects outside South Africa. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaExchange Controls.
An acquisition of shares in or assets of a South African company by a non-South African purchaser that is subject to exchange control regulations may not be granted regulatory approval.
In some circumstances, potential acquisitions of shares in or assets of South African companies by non-South African resident purchasers are subject to review by the SARB pursuant to South African exchange control regulations. As a result, the Treasury may refuse to approve any proposed acquisitions of Gold Fields or its South African assets in the future. As a result, Gold Fields management may be limited in its ability to consider strategic options and Gold Fields shareholders may not be able to realize the premium over the current trading price of Gold Fields ordinary shares which they might otherwise receive upon such an acquisition. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaExchange Controls.
Gold Fields operations and profits may be adversely affected by union activity and new and existing labor laws.
There has been an increase in union activity in many of the countries in which Gold Fields operates, including South Africa and, in recent years, there have been new labor laws introduced or amendments to existing labor laws that impose additional obligations on Gold Fields or grant additional rights to workers.
Greater union activity has resulted in more frequent industrial action and has impacted labor negotiations. A number of unions in various industries have threatened to or have recently gone on strike in South Africa, causing work stoppages and production losses. Negotiations with the South African mining unions in 2011 resulted in above-inflation wage increases between 8.0% to 10.0%, depending upon the category of employee. This is a two year wage agreement. Other South African mining industry participants are undergoing negotiations with labor unions and the results of these negotiations may have an effect on future negotiations by Gold Fields. Wages and related labor costs accounted for 43% of Gold Fields total cost of sales in South Africa in fiscal 2011. The unions representing Gold Fields employees have indicated that they may continue to take industrial action to protest a variety of issues, including the issues raised during the strike at South Deep in fiscal 2010 relating to the relationship between the unions and management, greater union involvement in human resource and other management decision-making processes at the mine (which issues, amongst others, remain unresolved). For example, the unions representing gold mining workers in South Africa went on strike starting from July 28, 2011 until August 2, 2011 over wage negotiations. Gold Fields is currently in discussions with its unions at South Deep regarding a number of operational and employee matters and is endeavouring to seek agreement on the unresolved issues.
Gold Fields operations in Peru and Ghana have recently been and may in the future be impacted by increased union activities. For example, the operational employees at Cerro Corona formed a labor union and negotiated a five-year collective bargaining agreement with Gold Fields. In Ghana, Gold Fields entered into a three year wage agreement with the labor unions in October 2010, but there can be no guarantee that the labor unions will not undertake strikes and go slow actions against the Groups operations or other mining companies.
In the event that Gold Fields experiences work stoppages, delays, sabotage, go-slow actions, lower productivity levels than envisaged or any other industrial relations related interruptions at any of its operations or increased employment-related costs due to union or employee activity, these may have a material adverse effect on its business, production levels, production targets, results of operations, financial condition and reputation.
Gold Fields may also be affected by certain labor laws that impose obligations regarding worker rights. For example, laws in South Africa impose monetary penalties for non-compliance with the administrative and the reporting requirements in respect of affirmative action policies, while Ghanaian law contains broad provisions requiring mining companies to recruit and train Ghanaian personnel and to use the services of Ghanaian companies. In addition, the Australian federal government has recently introduced a new industrial relations system that includes good faith bargaining obligations for employers, fewer restrictions on the content of collective agreements and an enhanced role for union officials as bargaining representatives, parties to agreements and participants in dispute resolution. Existing labor laws and any new or amended labor laws may increase Gold Fields labor costs and have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition.
15
If Gold Fields is unable to implement cost cutting measures or increase production levels to offset any increases in labor costs or production losses, these costs and losses could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition.
Gold Fields may suffer adverse consequences as a result of its reliance on outside contractors to conduct some of its operations.
A portion of Gold Fields operations in Australia and Peru are currently conducted by outside contractors. As a result, Gold Fields operations at those sites are subject to a number of risks, some of which are outside Gold Fields control, including:
| negotiating agreements with contractors on acceptable terms; |
| the inability to replace a contractor and its operating equipment in the event that either party terminates the agreement; |
| reduced control over those aspects of operations which are the responsibility of the contractor; |
| failure of a contractor to perform under its agreement with Gold Fields; |
| interruption of operations or increased costs in the event that a contractor ceases its business due to insolvency or other unforeseen events; |
| failure of a contractor to comply with applicable legal and regulatory requirements, to the extent it is responsible for such compliance; and |
| problems of a contractor with managing its workforce, labor unrest or other employment issues. |
In addition, Gold Fields may incur liability to third parties as a result of the actions of its contractors. The occurrence of one or more of these risks could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, results of operations and financial condition. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployeesLabor RelationsGhana, Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployeesLabor RelationsAustralia and Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployeesLabor RelationsPeru.
Regulation of greenhouse gas emissions and climate change issues may adversely affect Gold Fields operations.
Energy is a significant input to Gold Fields mining and processing operations, with its principal energy sources being electricity, purchased petroleum products, natural gas and coal. There is a substantial weight of scientific evidence concluding that carbon emissions from fossil fuel-based energy consumption contribute to global warming, greenhouse effects and climate change.
A number of governments or governmental bodies have introduced or are contemplating regulatory changes in response to the potential impacts of climate change that may restrict emissions of greenhouse gases in areas in which Gold Fields operates.
In Australia, the Australian Clean Energy Act 2011 (Cth) and associated legislation establishing a national carbon pricing scheme, or Scheme, passed into law in November 2011. Under the Scheme, entities that have operational control over facilities (i.e. activities) that emit more than 25,000 tons CO2-e per annum in greenhouse gas emissions covered by the Scheme, will be directly regulated and will be required to acquire and surrender carbon units to cover those emissions.
The Scheme will operate in two phases: a fixed price phase commencing July 1, 2012, followed by a floating price phase commencing on July 1, 2015. Members of Gold Fields Australian group are likely to be indirectly affected by the Scheme. While emissions from the Australian operations are unlikely to be directly regulated, the price of diesel fuel paid by Gold Fields operations is likely to rise due to changes in fuel subsidy
16
levels. Gold Fields expects this to introduce additional costs of between A$6 and A$8 million (U.S.$6 and U.S.$8 million) a year at current levels of fuel consumption. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersAustraliaEnvironmental.
The South African government is considering the introduction of a carbon tax in 2013 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The proposed carbon tax is Rand 120 per ton CO2-e, however, 60% of emissions would initially be tax exempt. The 60% discount will continue to apply until 2020. The net carbon tax will therefore only be R48 per ton. The R48 per ton will be escalated by 10% per annum until 2020. The 60% discount will be scaled back gradually from 2020 until 2025 and may be replaced by absolute emissions thresholds thereafter. If the proposed carbon tax had been in effect in fiscal 2011, management estimates this would have introduced an additional cost of R223 million (after taking the 60% discount into consideration). A revised policy paper which discusses the proposed carbon tax and the possibility of introducing a trading scheme for greenhouse gases is expected to be released by the South African government for public comment later this year. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaEnvironmental.
From a medium- and long-term perspective, Gold Fields is likely to see an increase in costs relating to its energy-intensive assets and assets that emit significant amounts of greenhouse gases as a result of regulatory initiatives in countries in which it operates. These regulatory initiatives will be either voluntary or mandatory and may impact Gold Fields operations directly or by affecting its suppliers or customers. These costs may include, among other things, emission measurement and reduction, audit processes and human resource costs. Non-compliance with statutory initiatives may result in monetary liabilities. Insurance premiums may increase and the Companys position relative to industry competitors may change. Inconsistency of regulations particularly between developed and developing countries may affect Gold Fields decision to pursue opportunities in certain countries and also may affect its costs of operations. Assessments of the potential impact of future climate change regulation are uncertain, given the wide scope of potential regulatory change in countries in which Gold Fields operates.
Furthermore, the potential physical impacts of climate change on Gold Fields operations are highly uncertain and may differ across geographies. They may include changes in rainfall patterns and intensities, water shortages, extreme weather conditions and changing temperatures. Flooding could disrupt mining, processing and transportation, and result in increased health and safety risks. Reduced rainfall could result in electricity supply shortages in certain countries where Gold Fields operates and extreme weather conditions may negatively impact Gold Fields workforce. These effects may adversely impact the cost, production and financial performance of Gold Fields operations.
Theft of gold and copper as well as illegal mining occur on Gold Fields properties, are difficult to control, can disrupt Gold Fields business and can expose Gold Fields to liability.
A number of Gold Fields properties have experienced illegal mining activities and theft of gold bearing materials and copper (which may be by employees or third parties). The activities of the illegal miners could cause pollution or other damage to Gold Fields properties, including underground fires, or personal injury or death, for which Gold Fields could potentially be held responsible. An increase in illegal mining activities could result in depletion of mineral deposits, potentially making the future mining of such deposits uneconomic. The presence of illegal miners could lead to project delays and disputes regarding the development or operation of commercial gold deposits, particularly in Ghana. An increase in the theft of gold and copper may reduce the amount of these metals that Gold Fields is able to recover from its operations. Rising gold and copper prices may increase the likelihood of such thefts occurring. Illegal mining and theft could also result in lost gold reserves, mine stoppages, and have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields financial condition or results of operations.
HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis pose risks to Gold Fields in terms of lost productivity and increased costs.
The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in South Africa poses risks to Gold Fields in terms of potentially reduced productivity and increased medical and other costs. Management has recently estimated that approximately 18%
17
of Gold Fields workforce in South Africa is infected with HIV. Increasingly, Gold Fields is seeing an adverse impact of HIV/AIDS on its affected employees similar to that experienced by other companies in the South African mining sector, evidenced by increased absenteeism and reduced productivity. Compounding this is the concomitant infections with tuberculosis that can accompany HIV illness, particularly the end stages, and causes additional healthcare-related costs. In South Africa, the incidence of tuberculosis in mine workers is aggravated by exposure to crystalline silica dust and by compromised immunity due to HIV infection. Exposure of HIV-positive individuals to silica dust can significantly increase the risk of contracting tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS remains an important focus for Gold Fields and Gold Fields will continue its extensive intervention campaigns. However, the potential impact of HIV/AIDS on Gold Fields South African operations and financial condition is large. Factors influencing the impact of HIV/AIDS include the incidence of HIV infection among Gold Fields employees and the surrounding community, the impact on employees productivity, treatment costs and other costs. Most of these factors are beyond Gold Fields control. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployeesHealth and SafetyHealthHIV/AIDS Program.
Gold Fields operations in South Africa are subject to environmental and health and safety regulations, which could impose significant costs and burdens and Gold Fields may face claims and liability for breaches, or alleged breaches, of such regulations and other applicable laws.
Gold Fields South African operations are subject to various environmental laws and regulations including, for example, those relating to waste treatment and disposal, emissions and water management, and must comply with permits or standards governing, among other things, tailings dams and waste disposal areas, water consumption, air emissions, water discharges, and naturally occurring radioactive material. Gold Fields may in the future incur significant costs to comply with the South African environmental requirements imposed under existing or new legislation, regulations or permit requirements or to comply with changes in existing laws and regulations or the manner in which they are applied. Gold Fields may also be subject to litigation and other costs as a result of environmental rights granted to individuals under South Africas Constitution or other sources of environmental rights. These costs could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaEnvironmental. Additionally, the proliferation of social media and other internet technologies may contribute to negative publicity relating to any actual or perceived environmental, labor or other issues at Gold Fields operations.
Gold Fields South African operations are also subject to various health and safety laws and regulations that impose various duties on Gold Fields mines while granting the authorities broad powers to, among other things, close or suspend operations at unsafe mines and order corrective action relating to health and safety matters. Under these health and safety laws and regulations, the Group may also be subject to prosecution for industrial accidents as well as significant penalties and fines for non-compliance. Further, certain targets were set by the Mine Health and Safety Council, a body consisting of representatives from the government, mining companies and unions, for the reduction of accidents, noise and silicosis to be achieved by 2013. If a mine fails to achieve these targets, the Mine Health and Safety Inspectorate, or the MHSI, could potentially order that operations be halted due to overexposure of employees to unsafe or unhealthy working conditions.
The principal health risks associated with Gold Fields mining operations in South Africa arise from occupational exposure to silica dust, noise, heat and certain hazardous chemicals. The most significant occupational diseases affecting Gold Fields workforce include lung diseases (such as silicosis, tuberculosis, a combination of the two and chronic obstructive airways disease, or COAD) as well as noise-induced hearing loss, or NIHL. The Occupational Diseases in Mines and Works Act 78 of 1973, or ODMWA, governs the payment of compensation and medical costs for certain illnesses, such as silicosis, contracted by those employed in mines or at sites where activities ancillary to mining are conducted. Recently, the South African Constitutional Court ruled that a claim for compensation under ODMWA does not prevent the employee from seeking to recover compensation from the employer concerned in a civil action under common law (either as individuals or as a class). While issues, such as negligence and causation, need to be proved on a case by case basis, it is nevertheless possible that such ruling could expose Gold Fields to claims related to occupational hazards and
18
diseases (including silicosis), which may be in the form of a class action or similar group action. If Gold Fields were threatened with or faced a significant number of such claims and the claims were suitably established against it, the payment of compensation for the claims could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, reputation, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, Gold Fields may incur significant additional costs arising out of these issues, including costs relating to the payment of fees, increased levies or other contributions in respect of compensatory or other funds established (if any) and expenditures arising out of its efforts to resolve any outstanding claims or other potential action.
A number of accidents, many of which resulted in fatalities, have recently occurred at various mining operations in South Africa, including at some of Gold Fields operations. There can be no assurance that the unions will not take industrial action in response to such accidents which could lead to losses in Gold Fields production. The DMR can and does issue instructions following safety incidents or accidents to partially or completely halt operations at affected mines. Moreover, it is Gold Fields policy to halt production at its operations when serious accidents occur in order to rectify dangerous situations and, if necessary, retrain workers. Any additional stoppages in production, or increased costs, could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition. In April 2009, the Mine Health and Safety Amendment Bill became law. As a result, Gold Fields is now subject to more stringent regulations regarding mine health and safety and may be subject to an increased risk of prosecution for industrial accidents as well as greater penalties and fines for non-compliance. Further, any changes to the health and safety laws which increase the burden of compliance or the penalties for non-compliance may cause Gold Fields to incur further significant costs. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaHealth and Safety.
Gold Fields operations in South Africa are subject to water use licenses, which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Under South African law, Gold Fields South African operations are subject to water use licenses that govern each operations water usage and that require, among other things, mining operations to achieve and maintain certain water quality limits regarding all water discharges. The Kloof operation (now part of the KDC mine) was issued a water use license in December 2008 that expired in December 2011. The Group applied for renewal of, and amendments to, this license. Pending approval of the Kloof water use license, Gold Fields has obtained a regulatory directive from the Department of Water Affairs, or the DWA, that permits the continuation of water uses at its Kloof operations while its application is being processed. Historically, Gold Fields has been in compliance with the license granted to the Kloof operation in 2008. However, since February 2011, the water discharged from one of the shafts of the KDC mine covered by the Kloof license has exceeded the discharge parameters specified by the license. Gold Fields has informed the DWA and has investigated the cause of the increased discharge. One of the findings of the investigation was that the increased discharge was most likely due to external variables beyond the control of Gold Fields. Based on this information, the directive described above included an increase to the discharge limit. However, there can be no assurance that the Kloof operation will be granted a license or that it will be granted a license that includes this increased discharge limit. The Driefontein operation (now part of the KDC mine) was issued a water use license in October 2010. However, due to certain discrepancies in the information in the water use license, Gold Fields is in discussions with the DWA to rectify and revise the license. In addition, once this process is complete, Gold Fields intends to apply for an amendment to the Driefontein water use license to add certain water uses not previously required. Gold Fields believes that it is discharging water within the parameters of the Driefontein license but there can be no assurance that a revised license will be issued or that the DWA will not determine that Gold Fields is not in compliance with its requirements. While there was a delay in processing the water license application at South Deep, Gold Fields was issued a new water use license for South Deep in December 2011. The DWA advised Beatrix, which had pre-existing water permits of indefinite length, that its current water usage remains authorized and it need not apply for a new license. However, Beatrix has nevertheless submitted a water use license application, which is currently being processed.
Gold Fields has identified a risk of potential long-term acid mine drainage, or AMD, issues which are currently experienced by peer mining groups. AMD relates to the acidification and contamination of naturally
19
occurring water resources by pyrite-bearing ore contained in underground mines and in rock dumps, tailings dams and pits on the surface. Gold Fields has commissioned several technical studies to identify the steps required to prevent AMD at its facilities but none of these studies have allowed Gold Fields to generate a reliable estimate of the potential impact of AMD on the Company. If Gold Fields were to experience any AMD issues, it could cause Gold Fields to not be in compliance with its water use license requirements and could expose Gold Fields to potential liabilities.
Gold Fields is reviewing and investigating a water treatment strategy that will, if successfully implemented, position Gold Fields favorably to satisfy conditions of new water use licenses across its South African operations, while also preventing potential AMD issues. However, there can be no assurance that Gold Fields will be in compliance with its licensing agreements within the required timeframe due primarily to the associated regulatory approval processes and commercial agreements that are required for the water treatment strategy. Gold Fields expects to incur significant expenditure to achieve and maintain compliance with the license requirements at each of its South African operations. Any failure on Gold Fields part to achieve or maintain compliance with the requirements of these licenses with respect to any of its operations could result in Gold Fields being subject to substantial claims, penalties, fees and expenses; significant delays in operations; or the loss of the relevant water use license, which could curtail or halt production at the affected operation. Any of the above could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition.
Gold Fields mineral rights in South Africa are subject to legislation, which could impose significant costs and burdens.
The Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act No. 28 of 2002, or the MPRDA, came into effect on May 1, 2004, together with the implementation of a broad-based socio-economic empowerment charter, or the Mining Charter, for effecting entry of historically disadvantaged South Africans, or HDSAs, into the mining industry. Among other things, the Mining Charter required (i) each mining company to achieve a 15% HDSA ownership of mining assets within five years of the Mining Charter coming into effect and a 26% HDSA ownership of mining assets within 10 years of the Mining Charter coming into effect, (ii) the mining industry as a whole to agree to assist HDSA companies in securing finance to fund participation in an amount of Rand 100 billion over the first five years and (iii) mining companies to spell out plans for achieving employment equity at management level with a view to achieving a baseline of 40% HDSA participation in management and achieving a baseline of 10% participation by women in the mining industry, in each case within five years.
Following a review and as anticipated, the DMR released the Amended Mining Charter on September 13, 2010. The requirement under the Mining Charter for mining entities to achieve a 26% HDSA ownership of mining assets by the year 2014 was retained. Amendments to the Mining Charter in the Amended Mining Charter include, inter alia, the requirement by mining companies to (i) facilitate local beneficiation of mineral commodities; (ii) procure a minimum of 40% of capital goods, 70% of services and 50% of consumer goods from HDSA suppliers (i.e. suppliers of which a minimum of 25% + 1 vote of their share capital must be owned by HDSAs) by 2014 (exclusive of non-discretionary procurement expenditure); (iii) ensure that multinational suppliers of capital goods contribute a minimum of 0.5% of their annual income generated from South African mining companies towards the socio-economic development of South African communities into a social development fund from 2010; (iv) achieve a minimum of 40% HDSA demographic representation by 2014 at executive management (board) level, senior management (EXCO) level, core and critical skills, middle management level and junior management level; (v) invest up to 5% of annual payroll in essential skills development activities; and (vi) implement measures to improve the standards of housing and living conditions for mineworkers by converting or upgrading mineworkers hostels into family units, attaining an occupancy rate of one person per room and facilitating home ownership options for all mineworkers in consultation with organized labor. (i) to (vi) must be achieved by 2014. In addition, mining companies are required to monitor and evaluate their compliance to the Amended Mining Charter, and must submit annual compliance reports to the DMR. The Scorecard for the Broad-Based Socio-Economic Empowerment Charter for the South African Mining Industry attached to the Amended Mining Charter, or the Scorecard, makes provision for a phased-in approach for compliance with the above targets over the five year period ending in 2014. For measurement purposes, the
20
Scorecard allocates various weightings to the different elements of the Amended Mining Charter. Failure to comply with the provisions of the Amended Mining Charter will amount to a breach of the MPRDA and may result in the cancellation or suspension of a mining companys existing mining rights.
In accordance with the MPRDA, the DMR on April 29, 2009 published a Code of Good Practice for the Minerals Industry and the Housing and Living Condition Standard for the Mining Industry, or the Code, relating to the socio-economic transformation of the mining industry. However, certain provisions of the Code appeared to be inconsistent with the Mining Charter, or to go beyond the scope envisaged in the MPRDA. Various industry participants have been in discussions with the DMR regarding the scope and applicability of the Code. It is anticipated that the contents of the Code will ultimately be amended to be made consistent with the Amended Mining Charter. Details of when this will happen and the contents of the final Code are currently uncertain. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaMineral RightsThe MPRDA.
The acquisition by Mvelaphanda Resources Limited, or Mvela Resources, of a 15% beneficial interest in GFI Mining South Africa (Proprietary) Limited, or GFIMSA, for a cash consideration of Rand 4,139 million was effected in March 2009 to meet the requirement for a 15% HDSA ownership within five years of the Mining Charter coming into effect. See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsOverviewGeneralMvelaphanda Transaction. During the six month period ended December 31, 2010, Gold Fields completed three further empowerment transactions which ensured Gold Fields compliance with the 2014 Black Economic Empowerment, or BEE, equity ownership targets. These transactions included an Employee Share Option Plan, or ESOP, housed through the Thusano Share Trust for 10.75% of GFIMSA (represented by 13.5 million unencumbered Gold Fields Limited shares with full voting rights); a broad-based BEE transaction for 10% of South Deep with a phased in participation over 20 years; and a broad-based BEE transaction for a further 1% of GFIMSA, excluding South Deep. The three transactions had a combined value of approximately R2.4 billion. See Additional InformationMaterial ContractsBlack Economic Empowerment Transactions.
Moreover, there is no guarantee that any steps Gold Fields has already taken or might take in the future will ensure the successful renewal of its existing mining rights, the retaining of new mining rights, the granting of further new mining rights or that the terms of renewals of its rights would not be significantly less favorable to Gold Fields than the terms of its current rights. Any further adjustment to the ownership structure of Gold Fields South African mining assets in order to meet the Amended Mining Charters requirements could have a material adverse effect on the value of Gold Fields ordinary shares or debt and failing to comply with the Amended Mining Charters requirements could subject Gold Fields to negative consequences, the scope of which have not yet been fully determined. As noted, the ANC is considering a report which, among other things, proposes greater state intervention in the mining industry, including the imposition of new taxes and increasing the states holdings in mining companies.
Failure by the Groups South African operations to comply with the 26% HDSA ownership requirements as set out in the MPRDA and the Amended Mining Charter amounts to breach of the MPRDA and may result in the cancellation or suspension of the companys existing mining rights and may prevent the Groups South African operations from obtaining any new mining rights.
The Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Act, 2003, or the BBBEE Act, established a national policy on broad-based black economic empowerment with the objective of increasing the participation of black South Africans in the economy. The BBBEE Act provides for various measures to promote black economic empowerment, including empowering the Minister of Trade and Industry to issue Codes of Good Practice, or Codes, with which organs of state and public entities and parties interacting with them or obtaining rights and licenses from them would be required to comply. There has been some debate as to whether or to what extent the mining industry was subject to the BBBEE Act and the policies and Codes provided for thereunder. In December 2011, the Minister of Trade and Industry, published for public comment by the 9th of February 2012 a draft BBBEE Amendment bill, which has the effect of expanding and strengthening the black economic empowerment provisions of the BBBEE Act. It was expected that the draft bill would have clarified the extent, if any, of the
21
application of the BBBEE Act to the mining industry, but such clarification has not been provided for in the draft bill. While it is anticipated that the draft bill will undergo various amendments before it becomes law, it should be appreciated that a risk exists that the companies in the mining industry may become subject to another layer of black economic empowerment regulation.
Gold Fields may, in the future, incur significant costs as a result of changes in the interpretation of existing laws, or the imposition of new laws, which may have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition.
Gold Fields operations in Ghana are subject to environmental and health and safety laws and regulations, which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Gold Fields Ghana operations are subject to various environmental laws and regulations. The Ghanaian environmental protection laws require, among other things, that Gold Fields register with the Ghanaian environmental authorities, and obtain environmental permits and certificates for the Ghana operations, as well as to rehabilitate land disturbed by mining operations. Gold Fields is required to secure estimated environmental rehabilitation costs in part by posting a reclamation bond. Gold Fields Ghana is required to post a reclamation bond and deposit a cash amount sufficient to cover 50% of the estimated rehabilitation costs. While there are indications that the regulator may demand the posting of a bond covering a greater percentage of the estimated rehabilitation costs during future negotiations and is also trying to establish a standard for calculating rehabilitation cost across all mines, there have been no changes requested. Changes in the required method of calculation for these bonds or an unforeseen circumstance that produces unexpected costs may materially and adversely affect Gold Fields future environmental expenditures. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersGhanaEnvironmental.
Ghanaian health and safety regulations impose statutory duties on an owner of a mine to, among other things, take steps to ensure that the mine is managed and worked in a manner which provides for the safety and proper discipline of the mine workers. Additionally, Gold Fields is required, under the terms of its mining leases, to comply with the reasonable instructions of the relevant authorities for securing the health and safety of persons working in or connected with the mine. A violation of the health and safety regulations or a failure to comply with the reasonable instructions of the relevant authorities could lead to, among other things, a temporary shutdown of all or a portion of the mine, a loss of the right to mine or the imposition of costly compliance procedures and, in the case of a violation of the regulations relating to health and safety, constitutes an offense under Ghanaian law. If Ghanaian health and safety authorities require Gold Fields to shut down all or a portion of its mines or to implement costly compliance measures, whether pursuant to existing or new health and safety laws and regulations, such measures could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersGhanaHealth and Safety.
Gold Fields, as the holder of the mining lease, has potential liability arising from injuries to, or deaths of, workers, including, in some cases, workers employed by its contractors. In Ghana, statutory workers compensation is not the exclusive means for workers to claim compensation. Gold Fields insurance for health and safety claims or the relevant workers compensation arrangements may not be adequate to meet the costs that may arise upon any future health and safety claims.
Gold Fields mineral rights in Ghana are currently subject to regulations, and may become subject to new regulations, which could impose significant costs and burdens.
In Ghana, the ownership of land on which there are mineral deposits is separate from the ownership of the minerals. All minerals in their natural state in or upon any land or water are, under Ghanaian law, the property of Ghana and vested in the President on behalf of the people of Ghana. The Minerals and Mining Act, 2006 (Act 703), or the Minerals and Mining Act, was passed by the Ghanaian Parliament in fiscal 2006.
The Minerals and Mining Act repealed the Minerals and Mining Law, 1986 (PNDCL 153), as amended, or the Minerals and Mining Law, although, as regards existing mineral rights, the Minerals and Mining Law continues to
22
apply to Gold Fields Ghana and Abosso Goldfields Limited, or Abosso, unless the Minister responsible for mines provides otherwise by legislative instrument. Under the Minerals and Mining Law, mining companies must pay royalties of 5% of the total revenue earned from minerals. Companies must also pay corporate taxes and the government has a right to obtain a 10% free-carried interest in mining leases.
Moreover, the Ghanaian parliament has passed a bill that, effective March 9, 2012 increases taxes on mining companies in order to benefit from the movement in gold prices. These changes included introducing a separate tax category for companies engaged in mining which would raise the applicable corporate tax rate from 25% to 35% as well as introducing a much less favorable capital allowance regime, which may affect Gold Fields future capital expenditure decisions. Further, a draft bill is being prepared proposing a windfall tax on mining activities but it has not yet been released for comment.
If new amendments or provisions are passed under the Minerals and Mining Act or new laws are passed which impose significant new costs or burdens on Gold Fields abilities to mine in Ghana or to obtain new mining leases for properties on which deposits are identified, this could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersGhanaMineral Rights.
Gold Fields operations in Australia are subject to environmental and health and safety laws and regulations, which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Gold Fields Australian operations are subject to various laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment. Gold Fields may incur significant costs to comply with Australian environmental requirements imposed under existing or new legislation, regulations or permit requirements or to comply with changes in existing laws and regulations or the manner in which they are applied. These costs may have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition.
Australian mining companies are required by law to undertake rehabilitation works as part of their ongoing operation and the Gold Fields subsidiaries that hold its Australian operations provide unconditional bank- guaranteed performance bonds to the Western Australian government as security for the estimated costs. These bonds would not necessarily cover the actual cost of rehabilitation for events that were unforeseen at the time the bond was taken. Changes in the required method of calculation for these bond amounts, or an unforeseen circumstance that produces unexpected costs, may materially and adversely affect future environmental expenditures. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersAustraliaEnvironmental.
Gold Fields is obligated to provide and maintain a working environment that is safe for mine workers. A violation of the health and safety laws or a failure to comply with the instructions of the relevant health and safety authorities could lead to, among other things, a temporary shutdown of all or a portion of the mine, a loss of the right to mine or the imposition of costly compliance procedures and penalties (including imprisonment). If health and safety authorities require Gold Fields to shut down all or a portion of the mine or to implement costly compliance measures, whether pursuant to existing or new health and safety laws and regulations, such measures could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersAustraliaHealth and Safety.
Some of Gold Fields tenements in Australia are subject to native title claims and include Aboriginal heritage sites, which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Certain of Gold Fields tenements are subject to native title claims, and there are Aboriginal heritage sites located on certain of Gold Fields tenements. Native title and Aboriginal legislation protects the rights of Aboriginals in relation to the land in certain circumstances. Other tenements may become subject to native title claims if Gold Fields seeks to expand or otherwise change its interest in rights to those tenements. Native title claims could require costly negotiations with the claimants or could affect Gold Fields access to or use of its tenements, and, as a result, have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition.
23
Aboriginal heritage sites relate to distinct areas of land that have either ongoing ethnographic, archaeological or historic significance. Aboriginal heritage sites have been identified with respect to portions of some of Gold Fields Australian mining tenements. Additional Aboriginal heritage sites may be identified on the same or additional tenements. Gold Fields may, in the future, incur significant costs as a result of changes in the interpretation of, or new laws regarding, native title and Aboriginal heritage, which may have a material adverse affect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersAustraliaLand Claims.
Gold Fields mineral rights in Peru are currently subject to regulations that may be subject to change, and may become subject to new regulations, which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Gold Fields operations in Peru depend on mining concessions for exploration and exploitation works, obtained from the Geologic, Mining and Metallurgic Institute (Instituto Geológico Minero Metalúrgico), or the INGEMMET. In addition, Gold Fields operations in Peru depend on obtaining other administrative rights, such as provisional permits, from the Ministry of Energy and Mines, or the MEM, for exploration rights on the area of a claim, and beneficiation or processing concessions, obtained from the MEM, for treatment of mining ores.
Under Perus current regulatory regime, mining concessions for the exploration and exploitation of minerals have an indefinite term, subject to compliance by the titleholder with the obligations set forth by the General Mining Act (Ley General de Minería), or the LGM. Compliance with such obligations is required to maintain the mining concessions in good standing. Among such obligations are the payment of an Annual Concession Fee (equivalent to U.S.$3.00 per hectare) and compliance with a minimum annual production target. Gold Fields processing concession at Cerro Corona also has an indefinite term, subject to compliance with the obligations established by the LGM. Payment of an Annual Concession Fee (calculated on the production capacity of the processing plant) is also required to maintain the processing concession in good standing.
If the INGEMMET or the MEM revoke or cancel any of Gold Fields concessions, Gold Fields financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersPeruConcessions.
In addition to general taxation, mining companies in Peru are subject to a royalty and a special tax regime established in September 2011. Any additional mining royalties, taxes, charges or payments could have an adverse effect on Gold Fields results of operations or financial condition. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersPeruMining Royalty and Other Special Mining Taxes and Charges and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsIncome and Mining TaxesPeru.
Gold Fields operations in Peru are subject to environmental laws, health and safety laws, labor laws and other regulations, which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Gold Fields exploration, mining and milling activities in Cerro Corona are subject to a number of Peruvian laws and regulations, including environmental and health and safety laws and regulations. All mines, including Cerro Corona, must obtain environmental permits from the government and have an Environmental Impact Assessment approved. Other matters subject to regulation include, but are not limited to, transportation of ore or hazardous substances, water use and discharges, power use and generation, use and storage of explosives, housing and other facilities for workers, reclamation, labor standards and mine safety and occupational health. Moreover, recent legislation requires the government to consult with indigenous or tribal communities on legislative or administrative measures that may directly affect their collective rights.
Gold Fields may in the future incur significant costs to comply with Peruvian environmental and health and safety requirements imposed under existing or new legislation, regulations or permit requirements. For example, as part of Cerro Coronas mine closure plan review, Gold Fields recently concluded a set of studies that were required by the MEM to analyze post-closure water treatment requirements. The conclusion of these studies was that Cerro Corona will require post-closure water treatment, which represents a change with respect to Cerro Coronas previous closure plan. Gold Fields is in the process of conferring with the MEM regarding its
24
post-closure plans and cannot provide a precise estimate of the cost impact of these water treatment requirements at this stage. While the cost of these water treatment requirements is not expected to be material, future costs of compliance could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition.
There can be no assurance that current environmental laws, health and safety laws, labor laws and other regulations that may have an impact on Gold Fields operations will not be replaced or modified in the future, or that Gold Fields will not become subject to new more stringent regulations, which could impose significant costs and burdens on its operations. For instance, the development of more stringent environmental protection programs in Peru could impose constraints and additional costs on Gold Fields operations in Peru. Likewise, existing or new health and safety laws and regulations could cause health and safety authorities to require Gold Fields to shut down all or a portion of the mine or to implement costly compliance measures. Further, changes to existing or new labor laws could raise benefit requirements or strengthen unions. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersPeruEnvironmental.
The acquisition of Western Areas, BGSA and South Deep may expose Gold Fields to unknown liabilities and risks.
Prior to acquiring a 100% interest in South Deep in 2007 from GFI Joint Venture Holdings (Proprietary) Limited (previously known as Barrick Gold South Africa (Pty) Limited, or BGSA), a subsidiary of Barrick Gold Corporation, or Barrick, and Gold Fields Operations Limited (previously known as Western Areas Limited, or Western Areas), Gold Fields was able to conduct only limited due diligence on South Deep, Western Areas and BGSA. There can be no assurance that Gold Fields identified all the liabilities of, and risks associated with, South Deep, BGSA or Western Areas prior to acquiring them or that it will not be subject to unknown liabilities of, and risks associated with, South Deep, Western Areas or BGSA, including liabilities and risks that may become evident only after Gold Fields has been involved in the operational management of South Deep for a longer period of time. On August 21, 2008, Western Areas received a summons from Randgold and Exploration Company Limited, or R&E, and African Strategic Investment (Holdings) Limited. The summons claims that, under prior ownership, Western Areas was part of a fraud whereby JCI Limited unlawfully disposed of shares owned by R&E in Randgold Resources Limited and Afrikander Lease Limited, now known as Uranium One. The action currently remains in abeyance. See Information on the CompanyLegal Proceedings.
Gold Fields relies on information technology and communications systems, the failure of which could significantly impact its operations and business
Gold Fields relies on its information technology and communications systems, in particular its SAP, payroll and time and attendance applications. Gold Fields information technology and communications systems could be exposed to, among other things, damage or interruption from telecommunications failure, unauthorized entry and malicious computer code, fire, natural disaster, power loss, industrial action and human error. While Gold Fields has offsite backup systems in place, the occurrence of any of the above may also disrupt Gold Fields information technology and communications systems and may lead to important data (including the geophysical and geological data) being irretrievably lost or damaged. Such damage or interruption may adversely affect Gold Fields business, prospects and results of operations.
Shareholders outside South Africa may not be able to participate in future issues of securities (including ordinary shares) carried out by or on behalf of Gold Fields.
Securities laws of certain jurisdictions may restrict Gold Fields ability to allow participation by certain shareholders in future issues of securities (including ordinary shares) carried out by or on behalf of Gold Fields. In particular, holders of Gold Fields securities who are located in the United States (including those who hold ordinary shares or ADSs) may not be able to participate in securities offerings by or on behalf of Gold Fields unless a registration statement under the Securities Act is effective with respect to such securities or an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act is available thereunder.
25
Securities laws of certain other jurisdictions may also restrict Gold Fields ability to allow the participation of all holders in such jurisdictions in future issues of securities carried out by Gold Fields. Holders who have a registered address or are resident in, or who are citizens of, countries other than South Africa should consult their professional advisors as to whether they require any governmental or other consents or need to observe any other formalities to enable them to participate in any offering of Gold Fields securities.
Investors in the United States and other jurisdictions outside South Africa may have difficulty bringing actions, and enforcing judgments, against Gold Fields, its directors and its executive officers based on the civil liabilities provisions of the federal securities laws or other laws of the United States or any state thereof or under the laws of other jurisdictions outside South Africa.
Gold Fields is incorporated in South Africa. All of Gold Fields directors and executive officers (as well as Gold Fields independent registered public accounting firm) reside outside of the United States. Substantially all of the assets of these persons and substantially all of the assets of Gold Fields are located outside the United States. As a result, it may not be possible for investors to enforce against these persons or Gold Fields a judgment obtained in a United States court predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities or other laws of the United States or any state thereof. In addition, investors in other jurisdictions outside South Africa may face similar difficulties. A foreign judgment is not directly enforceable in South Africa, but constitutes a cause of action which will be enforced by South African courts provided that:
| the court which pronounced the judgment had jurisdiction to entertain the case according to the principles recognized by South African law with reference to the jurisdiction of foreign courts; |
| the judgment is final and conclusive (that is, it cannot be altered by the court which pronounced it); |
| the judgment has not lapsed; |
| the recognition and enforcement of the judgment by South African courts would not be contrary to public policy, including observance of the rules of natural justice which require that the documents initiating the proceedings outside South Africa were properly served on the defendant and that the defendant was given the right to be heard and represented by counsel in a free and fair trial before an impartial tribunal; |
| the judgment was not obtained by fraudulent means; |
| the judgment does not involve the enforcement of a penal or revenue law; and |
| the enforcement of the judgment is not otherwise precluded by the provisions of the Protection of Businesses Act 99 of 1978, as amended, of the Republic of South Africa. |
It is the policy of South African courts to award compensation for the loss or damage actually sustained by the person to whom the compensation is awarded. Although the award of punitive damages is generally unknown to the South African legal system, that does not mean that such awards are necessarily contrary to public policy. Whether a judgment is contrary to public policy depends on the facts of each case. Exorbitant, unconscionable or excessive awards will generally be contrary to public policy. South African courts cannot enter into the merits of a foreign judgment and cannot act as a court of appeal or review over the foreign court. South African courts will usually implement their own procedural laws and, where an original action based on an international contract is brought before a South African court, the capacity of the parties to the contract will usually be determined in accordance with South African law. It is doubtful whether an original action based on United States federal securities laws or the laws of other jurisdictions outside South Africa may be brought before South African courts. A plaintiff who is not resident in South Africa may be required to provide security for costs in the event of proceedings being initiated in South Africa. Furthermore, the Rules of the High Court of South Africa require that documents executed outside South Africa must be authenticated for the purpose of use in South Africa.
26
Investors may face liquidity risk in trading Gold Fields ordinary shares on JSE Limited.
Historically, trading volumes and liquidity of shares listed on the JSE have been low in comparison with other major markets. The ability of a holder to sell a substantial number of Gold Fields ordinary shares on the JSE in a timely manner, especially in a large block trade, may be restricted by this limited liquidity. See The Offer and ListingJSE Limited.
Gold Fields may not pay dividends or make similar payments to its shareholders in the future and any dividend payment may be subject to withholding tax.
Gold Fields pays cash dividends only if funds are available for that purpose. Whether funds are available depends on a variety of factors, including the amount of cash available and Gold Fields capital expenditures (on both existing infrastructure as well as on exploration and other projects) and other cash requirements existing at the time. Under South African law, Gold Fields will be entitled to pay a dividend or similar payment to its shareholders only if it meets the solvency and liquidity tests set out in the Companies Act No. 71 of 2008, or the Companies Act, and Gold Fields Memorandum of Incorporation. Given these factors (including the capital and investment needs of the business) and the Board of Directors discretion to declare a dividend (including the amount and timing thereof) cash dividends or other similar payments may not be paid in the future. It should be noted that a 15% withholding tax on dividends declared by South African resident companies to non-resident shareholders or non-resident ADS holders is expected to be introduced with effect from January 1, 2012. See Additional InformationTaxationCertain South African Tax ConsiderationsWithholding Tax on Dividends.
Gold Fields non-South African shareholders face additional investment risk from currency exchange rate fluctuations since any dividends will be paid in Rand.
Dividends or distributions with respect to Gold Fields ordinary shares have historically been paid in Rand. The U.S. dollar or other currency equivalent of any dividends or distributions with respect to Gold Fields ordinary shares will be adversely affected by potential future reductions in the value of the Rand against the U.S. dollar or other currencies. In the future, it is possible that there will be changes in South African exchange control regulations, such that dividends paid out of trading profits will no longer be freely transferable outside South Africa to shareholders who are not residents of the Common Monetary Area. See Additional InformationSouth African Exchange Control Limitations Affecting Security Holders.
Gold Fields ordinary shares are subject to dilution upon the exercise of Gold Fields outstanding share options.
As of December 31, 2011, Gold Fields had an aggregate of 1,000,000,000 ordinary shares authorized to be issued and as of that date an aggregate of 723,735,186 ordinary shares were issued, listed and outstanding. Gold Fields currently has two securities option plans which are authorized to grant options in an amount of up to an aggregate of 35,309,563 ordinary shares. As of December 31, 2011, 12,752,380 shares are allocated and outstanding under these plans.
Gold Fields employees and directors had outstanding, as of December 31, 2011, options to purchase a total of 311,225 ordinary shares at exercise prices of between Rand 60.40 and Rand 140.66 that expire between January 3, 2012 and August 18, 2013. Such expiry dates may be extended due to unscheduled closed periods during which certain Gold Fields employees and directors may be prohibited from exercising options. Gold Fields had outstanding, as of December 31, 2011, 5,030,143 share appreciation rights at strike prices of between Rand 69.48 and Rand 136.29, which expire between March 24, 2012 and December 1, 2017, and 7,369,112 performance vesting restricted shares due to be settled between March 1, 2012 and September 1, 2013. As of the same date, Gold Fields had outstanding, 41,900 restricted shares due to be settled in November 2012 under The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Share Plan. Shareholders equity interests in Gold Fields will be diluted to the extent of future exercises or settlements of these rights and any additional rights. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesThe GF Management Incentive Scheme, Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesThe Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan, and Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesThe Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Share Plan.
27
ITEM 4: INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
Introduction
Gold Fields is a significant producer of gold and major holder of gold reserves in South Africa, Ghana, Australia and Peru. In Peru, Gold Fields also produces copper. Gold Fields is primarily involved in underground and surface gold and copper mining and related activities, including exploration, extraction, processing and smelting. Gold Fields also has an interest in a platinum group metal (and associated by-product metals) exploration project in Finland. Gold Fields is one of the largest gold producers in the world, based on annual production.
Approximately half of Gold Fields operations, based on gold production, are located in South Africa. Its South African operations are KDC, Beatrix and South Deep. Gold Fields also owns the St. Ives and Agnew gold mining operations in Australia and has a 90.0% interest in each of the Tarkwa gold mine and the Damang gold mine in Ghana. Gold Fields also owns a 98.5% economic interest in the Cerro Corona mine, which started producing in the first quarter of fiscal 2009. In addition, Gold Fields has gold and other precious metal exploration activities and interests in Africa, Eurasia, Australasia and the Americas.
As of December 31, 2011, Gold Fields had attributable proven and probable reserves of approximately 80.6 million ounces, including copper expressed as gold equivalent ounces, as compared to the 76.7 million ounces (including copper) reported as of December 31, 2010. See Reserves of Gold Fields as of December 31, 2011Methodology.
In fiscal 2011, Gold Fields processed 59.4 million tons of ore and produced 3.70 million ounces of gold (including gold equivalent ounces). On an attributable basis, Gold Fields produced 3.49 million ounces of gold (including gold equivalent ounces).
Developments since June 30, 2010
Since the end of fiscal 2010, the following significant events have occurred:
On October 1, 2010, Gold Fields announced an international offering of 10 year, U.S.$1 billion bonds consisting of 4.875% bonds due in 2020. The offering closed on October 7, 2010. See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit Facilities and Other Capital Resources$1 Billion Note Issue.
On November 4, 2010, as a part of the BPR, Gold Fields announced the restructuring of the South Africa Region, and specifically the Driefontein and Kloof mines. The South Africa Region has been reorganized into three operationsa combined Driefontein/Kloof, or KDC; Beatrix; and South Deep. The Kloof and Driefontein executive offices and the regional office have been combined into a new management team, whose primary role is to service KDC, but which also has governance oversight across the South Africa Region. The team is based in Libanon and the Regional Office at Constantia was closed in December 2010. A Strategic Management Office has been established to implement the restructuring and to identify future areas for value. Progress in terms of this project will be reported each quarter under the cost and revenue optimization initiatives for the South Africa region.
On March 22, 2011, Gold Fields Corona (BVI) Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Gold Fields made a voluntary purchase offer to acquire the outstanding common voting shares and investment shares of Gold Fields La Cima S.A.A., or La Cima, that were not already owned. The offer closed on April 15, 2011. With the closing of the offer and with further purchases of shares after that date, Gold Fields effective economic shareholding in La Cima increased to 98.5% from 80.7% for a total cash consideration of U.S.$382 million. La Cima holds the Cerro Corona mine in Peru.
28
On June 22, 2011, Gold Fields acquired the 18.9% minority stake of IAMGold Corporation, or IAMGold, in the Tarkwa and Damang gold mines in Ghana, for a cash consideration of U.S.$667 million, increasing Gold Fields interest in each of the Tarkwa and Damang gold mines from 71.1% to 90.0%, the remaining 10.0% interest being held by the government of Ghana.
On January 24, 2012, Gold Fields entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with Gold One International Limited, or Gold One, to investigate the viability of concurrently retreating their combined surface tailings deposits. The deposits are located in the West Rand region of the Witwatersrand Basin in South Africa. Gold Fields and Gold One currently operate mines in the West Rand region and will consider creating a joint venture consisting of surface assets for retreatment. The included assets are expected to exceed 700 million tons, representing over 60% of the regions total tailings material. The parties intend to complete a detailed scoping study by the middle of 2012 and use the results of that study to determine whether to progress to a feasibility study. If the joint venture proceeds, the parties plan to concurrently reprocess their combined tailings to recover residual gold, uranium and sulphur.
On March 22, 2012, Gold Fields exercised its 40% option in the gold-copper Far Southeast Project, or FSE, in the Philippines after making a $110-million payment. On September 20, 2010 Gold Fields entered into two option agreements with Lepanto Consolidated Mining Company, or Lepanto, the 60% owner of FSE, and Liberty Express Assets, or Liberty, the 40% owner of FSE, granting Gold Fields an option to acquire a 60% interest in FSE for a total consideration of $340-million.
After paying option fees of $10.0 million and making two down-payments of $44 million and $66 million in September 2010 and September 2011 respectively, Gold Fields brought forward half of the remaining $220 million payment to acquire Libertys 40% interest in FSE. Gold Fields continues to hold its option to acquire an additional 20% stake in FSE from Lepanto for a further US$110 million, which, if exercised, would increase its total interest in FSE to 60%.
The Liberty and Lepanto options were initially granted to Gold Fields for the later of 18 months from signature in September 2010 or the date of receiving a Financial or Technical Assistance Agreement, or FTAA, for the project. A FTAA licence allows a foreign corporation to control a majority interest in a Philippine mining project. Notwithstanding this provision, Gold Fields has the discretion to exercise either option prior to the FTAA being granted. The FTAA application for FSE was filed in November 2011 and based on the date of the filing Gold Fields expects it could be granted in the second half of 2012. Gold Fields also expects to have a maiden resource statement for FSE and commence a pre-feasibility study later this year. See Growth & International ProjectsInternational ProjectsFar Southeast Scoping Study.
In 2010, Gold Fields changed its year end from June 30 to December 31 beginning in 2011 to align with Gold Fields peers in the gold mining industry. Therefore, Gold Fields filed with the SEC a transition report on Form 20-F for the period from June 30, 2010 through December 31, 2010 on March 31, 2011.
Gold Fields is a public company incorporated in South Africa, with a registered office located at 150 Helen Road, Sandown, Sandton, 2196, South Africa, telephone number +27-11-562-9700.
29
Organizational Structure
Gold Fields is a holding company with its significant ownership interests organized as set forth below.
Group Structure(1)
Notes: |
(1) | As of December 31, 2011, unless otherwise stated, all subsidiaries are, directly or indirectly, wholly-owned by Gold Fields Limited. |
(2) | See Additional InformationMaterial ContractsAdditional Black Economic Empowerment Transactions. |
(3) | Not all other subsidiaries and investments are wholly-owned. |
30
Strategy
Following the appointment of Nicholas Holland as Chief Executive Officer as of May 1, 2008, Gold Fields undertook a review of the Group strategy which concluded that, while the basic strategy remained robust and appropriate, a number of strategic adjustments needed to be made.
These changes were developed and assimilated into a new Gold Fields franchise which describes who we are, what we do, and how we do it, and is comprised of:
| a new vision statement; |
| a new set of core values; |
| a new overarching strategic growth target; |
| the three long-standing but refocused core pillars of the strategy, namely a) Optimize Our Operations, b) Grow Gold Fields, and c) Secure Our Future; and |
| a new regional operational delivery model. |
In addition a number of short- and medium-term strategic priorities were identified and implemented, most notably the elevation of safety as the Groups number one value and strategic priority, which is discussed in the Secure Our Future section below.
Vision Statement
During fiscal 2009, Gold Fields developed a simple yet powerful new vision for the Group:
To be the Global Leader in Sustainable Gold Mining.
The purpose was to establish a simple yet compelling new vision that all stakeholders, in particular Gold Fields employees around the globe, could understand and buy into, and which could serve as a common and powerful motivational force across the organization.
The vision statement, which was successfully introduced across the Group during fiscal 2010, reflects Gold Fields desire to be the best at what it does rather than to be the biggest; the imperative to maintain a sustainable business model with particular regard to the social, economic and environmental impacts of the Group and its operations on current and future generations of stakeholders; and the fact that Gold Fields is a focused gold mining company as opposed to a diversified precious or poly metals company.
Overarching Strategic Growth Target
The Groups overarching strategic growth target is to increase its production from the 3.48 million attributable gold equivalent ounces achieved in fiscal 2011, to approximately five million attributable gold equivalent ounces, either in production or in development, by 2015. Towards achieving this goal, the South Africa region is expected to contribute approximately two million ounces per annum, with each of the Groups international regions (the West Africa region, the Australasia region and the South America region) contributing approximately one million attributable gold equivalent ounces by 2015. The majority of this growth is expected to come from improvements at the current operations, described in the Optimize Our Operation section below, and from both near mine and greenfields exploration success which is described in the Grow Gold Fields section below.
Core Values
Supporting the vision statement and directing the strategy are six core values that every employee is expected to embrace and which define the way in which Gold Fields conducts its business. These values are:
| Safety |
If we cannot mine safely, we will not mine;
31
| Responsibility |
We act responsibly and care for the environment, each other, and all of our stakeholdersour employees, our communities and our shareholders;
| Honesty |
We act with fairness, integrity, honesty and transparency;
| Respect |
We treat each other with trust, respect and dignity;
| Innovation |
We encourage innovation and entrepreneurship; and
| Delivery |
We do what we say we will do.
Optimize Our Operations
Optimize Our Operations means bringing the Groups attributable mineral reserves of 80.6 million gold equivalent ounces to account in a way that is safe, cost effective and environmentally responsible.
Gold Fields has eight world-class producing mines. Fundamental to the attainment of the Groups vision and overarching strategic goal is for each one of these mines to produce to its real potential, and to maintain stability, predictability and consistency at its steady state level.
The first element of Optimize Our Operations is pursuing Zero Harm through the Groups Safe Production philosophy which includes particular focus on the provision of a safe working environment and a transformation in the attitudes, behavior and accountability of its employees, which is discussed in the Secure Our Future section below.
The second element of Optimize Our Operations involves minimizing the Groups environmental impact, including projects to minimize pollution risks, maximize energy efficiencies, manage its carbon impacts and plan for the eventual closure of mines. This is also discussed further in the Secure Our Future section below.
The third element of Optimize Our Operations relates to maximizing the operational potential of the Groups mines, through investment in mechanization, infrastructure development, mining flexibility and ore reserve development. With attributable mineral reserves of 80.6 million gold equivalent ounces, it is essential to bring the Groups gold equivalent ounces to account in the most cost effective way and, in doing so, to ensure longevity for each of the mines. Equally important is the need to achieve the required levels of mineral reserve development to create mining flexibility, which is a prerequisite for maintaining stability, predictability and consistency. After safety, mineral reserve development is the most important strategic priority for all of the mines in the Group.
The Group also seeks to proactively manage costs with a view to maintaining a NCE margin of at least 20% in the short-term and 25% in the medium- to long-term at each mine excluding South Deep. To this end, the Groups Business Process Re-engineering program, or BPR, has been implemented at the KDC and Beatrix Mines in the South Africa region as well as at Tarkwa and Damang in Ghana and at St. Ives and Agnew in Australia. This has entailed a significant focus on operating costs, the rationalization of on-mine and regional overhead cost structures and a review of the mine-to-mill processes to reduce inefficiencies and improve productivity. The Group achieved NCE margin of 25% in fiscal 2011 and 15% in fiscal 2010. Although this increase was largely driven by higher gold prices, it also reflected the collective impact of Gold Fields wide range of cost saving initiatives. The Group believes this is a noteworthy achievement considering that the Groups NCE margin includes the costs entailed in the construction and development of its South Deep mine.
32
Grow Gold Fields
Grow Gold Fields is about growing the value of the business on a per share basis. It is not purely about size, or the number of ounces produced, but more about the quality of the portfolio and the generation of real value for shareholders, on a per share basis.
In the medium-term, Gold Fields target is to diversify and grow into a global gold producer, with a goal of approximately one million gold equivalent ounces per annum either in production or in development in each of its West Africa, Australasia and South America regions, and approximately two million ounces either in production or in development in the South Africa region by 2015.
The growth and diversification is based on near-mine exploration, the development of the Groups four advanced stage projects in Ghana, Finland, Peru and the Philippines as well as greenfield exploration, both within the Groups established Australasia, South America and West Africa regions, and in highly prospective locations such as those in Canada, Chile, Argentina, the Philippines and Kyrgyzstan.
Gold Fields believes the necessary steps for achieving the Groups strategic targets include:
| building-up South Deeps production to a run rate of 700,000 ounces by the end of 2015; |
| maintaining broadly stable production at the mature mines in the South Africa region (KDC and Beatrix) over the next three to five years; |
| a wide range of near mine and organic growth opportunities at the Companys existing mines in the West Africa, Australasia, and South America regions with a view to maintaining production in those regions in line with current levels; and |
| an advancing exploration pipeline headed by four advanced stage projects that are expected to reach development decisions within the next two to three years. |
Gold Fields does not pursue growth simply to add incremental ounces to its portfolio. Hence the philosophy that every incremental ounce should be better than the previous ounce in terms of NCE and, equally important, should offer shareholders growth in ounces per share and enhanced returns on a per share basis.
Despite the slogan No Mergers & Acquisitions Heroics, the Company will consider attractive investment opportunities by pursuing an opportunistic strategy on acquisitions of producing or late-stage development assets. However, the Company does believe that a continuing lack of quality gold discoveries in the industry has led to escalating competition for advanced exploration and production assets. This makes value accretive growth through mergers and acquisitions increasingly onerous and prone to dilution of existing shareholders. For this reason, Management believes that, in the current price environment, exploration success generally offers the most cost effective path to accretive and value adding growth.
The Companys growth strategy is thus premised on creating high quality growth opportunities mainly through an aggressive focus on near mine exploration at existing assets and an equally aggressive greenfields exploration program in the regions where the Company is based and in a limited number of other highly prospective new frontiers around the world. To be considered by Gold Fields, generally growth projects must have the potential to meet certain target criteria (which vary depending on other strategic objectives and the quality of the project) described as The Rule of Twos: the potential for a minimum of 2,000,000 ounces of reserves; production rates in the range of 200,000 gold equivalent ounces per year; and a positive real internal rate of return of at least 5% for producing assets and brownfields projects, and at least 10% for greenfields projects, adjusted for project-specific and geo-political risks, at a long-term gold price of $1,500 per ounce.
Understanding non-geological aspects of prospective projects, such as social, political, environmental and commercial risks, ensuring that an appropriate risk versus reward trade-off analysis is factored into the decision is critical to the overall assessment and goes beyond a decision on the risk premium to be factored into the
33
required return, and often goes to the root of that project decision. Gold Fields is prepared to consider projects with a higher risk profile if it believes they will offer superior returns. The focus will remain on gold and its by-product metals.
In fiscal 2012, Gold Fields plans to spend about $60 million on near mine exploration, and about $110 million on greenfields exploration (excluding the resource development projects), the latter in the three targeted international regions and in new frontier areas.
Outside South Africa, the three key regions of West Africa, Australasia and South America have been identified as containing prospective emerging gold and mineral belts with medium to long-term potential where Gold Fields has existing operational capabilities. Gold Fields objective in each of these regions is to develop one million ounce per annum production profiles. In appropriate circumstances, Gold Fields will also consider opportunities outside its key regions of focus.
During fiscal 2011, Gold Fields made considerable progress on the development of its exploration pipeline. The Company has four advanced stage projects. These include the Chucapaca project in Peru, the expansion of the Damang pit in Ghana, the Arctic Platinum project in Finland and the FSE project in the Philippines. At the Chucapaca project in Peru, a feasibility study is underway with the aim to finalize the study by the second half of fiscal 2012. The Arctic Platinum Project, or APP, in Finland has progressed to a pre-feasibility consolidation study, or preliminary PFS, to review and update the previous feasibility study on this project, completed in 2005. The pilot plant metallurgical test work, which forms part of the preliminary PFS and is critical for success, was completed during the third quarter of 2011 and initial results have been positive. Additional work completed in 2011 included updating of the environmental permitting requirements for the Suhanko Project and potential extensions, and drilling of additional prospects in the immediate Suhanko North area to scope the potential for additional material for the project. Drilling, additional metallurgical testwork, and ongoing mining and project pre-feasibility studies will continue through 2012 with an aim to complete a pre-feasibility study by the end of 2012. In addition, the Company has a large number of exploration projects in earlier stages of development. The objective for fiscal 2012 is to progress all of the advanced stage projects significantly, and to get at least one more earlier stage exploration project to a scoping study stage.
For acquisitions of assets or companies outside South Africa, South African exchange control regulations limit Gold Fields ability to provide guarantees or borrow outside South Africa without express approval from the SARB. However, the government has indicated that its intention is to gradually phase out the remaining exchange controls over time and Gold Fields has a good track record in gaining approval for its offshore acquisitions and in growing its international operations.
Secure Our Future
Secure Our Future is about ensuring the long-term sustainability of the business. It encompasses safety and human resources, as well as a wide range of environmental social and economic parameters that impact on the business today and into the future. It is about acquiring and maintaining a social license to operate in each of the jurisdictions in which the Company operates.
The fact that sustainability was introduced as a specific element in Gold Fields new vision statement, To be the Global Leader in Sustainable Gold Mining, reflects the importance with which this subject is viewed by the Group. Gold Fields views sustainable development as a balance between the optimal financial and operational performance of the Group; maintaining of world-class environmental management standards; and contributing meaningfully to socio-economic benefits for the communities in which it operates.
Gold Fields continues to be an active member of the International Council on Mining and Metals, or ICMM, and is a signatory to the United Nations Global Compact. All mines in the Group, as well as the exploration division, have ISO 14001 certified environmental management systems in place and have retained their certifications during fiscal 2011.
34
During fiscal 2010, Gold Fields also became the first mining house to achieve full accreditation for its operations under the International Cyanide Management Code, or the Cyanide Code. The OHSAS 18001 Safety Management System is a company standard and all mines in the company are now OHSAS 18001 certified. Gold Fields Carbon Management Policy was approved by the Board of Directors in November 2010. All operations are also ISO 14001 compliant.
The Company has developed a Sustainable Development Framework that is closely aligned with the sustainable development principles of the ICMM and the United Nations Global Compact, and Gold Fields is a member of both groups. Gold Fields sustainability policy has been informed by the Global Reporting Initiative Sustainable Reporting Framework, which guides reporting on environmental, social and governance issues by companies that subscribe to it. The Sustainable Development Framework consists of a Sustainability Policy, with subsidiary policies, strategies and practice guides in each of the following eight pillars of sustainable development, namely: occupational health and safety; human rights; ethics and corporate governance; risk management, environment; material stewardship and supply chain management, community and indigenous people and stakeholder management.
Safety
Gold Fields health and safety philosophy is premised on our most important value and the overarching moral imperative that if we cannot mine safely, we will not mine. This gives rise to the objective of striving towards a zero harm working environment for all its people. During fiscal 2011, 19 employees in South Africa lost their lives compared to 18 during fiscal 2010. In the six months ended December 31, 2010, 12 employees in South Africa lost their lives. Outside South Africa, there was one fatality during fiscal 2011, no fatalities during fiscal 2010 and one fatality during the six month period ended December 31, 2010. The fatal injury frequency rate for the Group showed a 9% deterioration, from 0.11 per million man hours worked in fiscal 2010 to 0.12 per million man hours worked in fiscal 2011. On a calendar year basis, the lost time injury frequency rate showed a 7% deterioration, from 4.39 per million man hours worked in calendar 2010 to 4.69 per million man hours worked in fiscal 2011. Since December 31, 2011, Gold Fields reported four fatalities at its operations in South Africa.
Following three years of consistent and significant improvements in safety at Gold Fields South African operations, the trend has leveled off. Gold Fields remains committed to safety, and the safe operation of its mines continues to be its top strategic priority. The strategy to eliminate fatalities in the Group will focus on engineering out the risk, ensuring compliance to internal standards and bringing about behavioral changes in support of safe working practices by all employees. The experience of employee dynamics over the years has led Gold Fields to adopt a more comprehensive approach to the general well-being, and therefore the productivity, of its staff. To this end Gold Fields pursues a broad range of interventions encapsulated in the 24 Hours in the Life of a Gold Fields Employee program. This program was first launched in the South Africa region in fiscal 2009 and implemented in three international regions during fiscal 2010. Based on a total well-being philosophy, the program is aimed at improving every facet of the life of each employee and includes interventions in the fields of occupational health and safety, healthcare, living conditions, nutrition, sport and recreation and education.
Carbon and Energy
Addressing energy management is a key deliverable throughout the Company. Rising energy costs and growing concerns about the effect of climate change have elevated the importance of energy efficiency and carbon management on the global agenda. Against this backdrop, Gold Fields has been actively aligning the Company to a carbon-constrained economy. The Companys intention is to reduce carbon emission and improve energy efficiency within the Company. Therefore existing policies and strategies are being reviewed to move the Group closer to the attainment of these goals. Integral to this strategy is energy efficiency amid ever-rising energy costs. Specifically in the South Africa region the target is to deliver an additional 5% reduction in
35
electricity consumption in fiscal 2012 (before new loads and growth at South Deep) and to partially offset the 16% per year electricity tariff increase from April 1, 2012 through to March 2013. Savings of 3% in electricity consumption were achieved in South Africa during fiscal 2011.
In line with this new approach to carbon management, Gold Fields has launched a number of initiatives to reduce the greenhouse gases emitted by its operations. In November 2010, the Group adopted a new Carbon Management Policy, which commits the Group to:
| implement strategies to reduce its carbon footprint, improve its energy efficiency, pursue opportunities and use carbon friendly technology where possible; |
| identify and mitigate the risks posed by climate change; |
| provide comprehensive disclosure around carbon related issues; |
| comply with relevant legal requirements and other carbon management requirements; and |
| encourage business partners and suppliers to make similar commitments. |
In calendar 2010, Gold Fields became the worlds first gold mining company to enter into a contract to sell Certified Emissions Reductions, or CERs, the financial securities used to trade carbon emissions. The CERs were derived from the capture of methane gas at the Beatrix mine. The Beatrix Mine Methane Project was registered by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change as a carbon credit project under the Kyoto Protocol on September 7, 2011 and is expected to generate approximately 4MW of electricity per annum once a cogeneration plant has been built using the gas as feedstock. This project could off-set the equivalent of 253,000 tons of CO2. In December 2011, Gold Fields was ranked first in the JSEs Top 100 Carbon Disclosure Leadership Index. Gold Fields also ranked fourth in the mining sector in the Dow Jones Sustainability Index, which indicates that Gold Fields sustainability practices rank in the top 5% of resource companies worldwide.
Stakeholder Relationship Management
A central pillar of the Gold Fields Sustainable Development Framework is pro-active engagement with and management of the relationships with all stakeholders who have an influence over the affairs of the company or who are impacted by its activities. These include in particular the relationships with the Groups employees and their representative organizations and unions; local, regional and national governments; and the local communities in which Gold Fields operates or that are affected by its operations.
While Gold Fields has achieved significant progress in this respect and all its mines have implemented the AA 1000 Stakeholder Engagement Standard (a principles-based, open source framework for shareholder engagement published by Accountability, the company responsible for development of this standard), a higher level of engagement has become essential to underpin the sustainability of its operations.
This has become evident over the past few years with governments, communities, non-governmental organizations and trade unions in several jurisdictions seeking and, in some cases, implementing greater cost imposts on the mining industry.
Similar trends are evident in the cost of electricity and other levies imposed by governments in many of the countries in which Gold Fields operates. There is a risk that such additional imposts on mining projects will raise input costs to unsustainable levels, which would have negative consequences for the projects and, by implication, for the affected countries. In the near future Gold Fields willdirectly and through various industry forumscontinue and escalate its engagement with stakeholders to achieve greater appreciation for the impact these often ill-considered demands are having on the sector.
36
Gold Fields recognizes that, by understanding the needs and concerns of various stakeholder groups, it can build constructive and positive relationships that will support the long-term objectives of the business. The Group spends considerable time and resources in building sound stakeholder relations.
Gold Fields begins the engagement process at the exploration stage by talking to community stakeholder groups to understand their needs and to obtain their input on future plans for the prospective development of a new mining operation.
Black Economic Empowerment
In the South African environment, BEE and transformation in terms of the requirements of the MPRDA, and the associated Amended Mining Charter, remains a key business imperative and sustainability issue.
During May 2010, the DMR approved the conversion of the South Deep old order mining right into a new order mining right. Included in this approval was an additional portion of ground known as Uncle Harrys, which is contiguous to South Deep. The cumulative effect of this approval, together with the previous conversions for the Driefontein, Kloof (both now part of KDC) and Beatrix gold mines granted in January 2007, is that all of Gold Fields South African mines have now received their new order mining right.
Following a review, the DMR amended the Mining Charter and the Amended Mining Charter was released on September 13, 2010. The requirement under the Mining Charter for mining entities to achieve a 26% HDSA ownership of mining assets by the year 2014 has been retained. Amendments to the Mining Charter in the Amended Mining Charter include, inter alia, the requirement by mining companies to (i) facilitate local beneficiation of mineral commodities; (ii) procure a minimum of 40% of capital goods, 70% of services and 50% of consumer goods from HDSA suppliers (i.e. suppliers of which a minimum of 25% + 1 vote of their share capital must be owned by HDSAs) by 2014. These targets will however be exclusive of non-discretionary procurement expenditure; (iii) ensure that multinational suppliers of capital goods contribute a minimum of 0.5% of their annual income generated from South African mining companies towards the socio-economic development of South African communities into a social development fund from 2010; (iv) achieve a minimum of 40% HDSA demographic representation by 2014 at executive management (board) level, senior management (EXCO) level, core and critical skills, middle management level and junior management level; (v) invest up to 5% of annual payroll in essential skills development activities; and (vi) implement measures to improve the standards of housing and living conditions for mineworkers by converting or upgrading mineworkers hostels into family units, attaining an occupancy rate of one person per room and facilitating home ownership options for all mineworkers in consultation with organized labor, all of which must be achieved by 2014. In addition, mining companies are required to monitor and evaluate their compliance to the Amended Mining Charter, and must submit annual compliance reports to the DMR. The Scorecard for the Broad-Based Socio-Economic Empowerment Charter for the South African Mining Industry attached to the Amended Mining Charter, or the Scorecard, makes provision for a phased-in approach for compliance with the above targets over the five year period ending in 2014. For measurement purposes, the Scorecard allocates various weightings to the different elements of the Amended Mining Charter. Failure to comply with the provisions of the Amended Mining Charter will amount to a breach of the MPRDA and may result in the cancellation or suspension of a mining companys existing mining rights.
In 2010, Gold Fields completed three empowerment transactions which, together with previous transactions, enabled Gold Fields to meet its 2014 BEE equity ownership targets. These transactions included an Employee Share Option Plan for 10.75% of GFIMSA; a broad-based BEE transaction for 10% of South Deep; and a broad-based BEE transaction for a further 1% of GFIMSA, excluding South Deep. The three transactions had a combined value of approximately R2.4 billion. See Additional InformationMaterial ContractsBlack Economic Empowerment Transactions.
37
Regional Delivery Model
Gold Fields views itself as a global mining company, but believes that in some circles it is perceived as predominantly a South African company with some international operations. In order to change this perception and to help achieve its operational and growth aspirations, Gold Fields began restructuring its operations into four regions during fiscal 2009. These regions are: South Africa; West Africa; South America; and Australasia.
This restructuring was largely completed in fiscal 2010. All of the key regional executives have been appointed and good progress has been made in creating strong, entrepreneurial and appropriately resourced and incentivized management teams in each region. These teams are tasked with running the mines safely and efficiently, as well as driving and being significantly involved in the growth of the business within each region.
During fiscal 2009, the corporate office was relocated to new premises separate from the South African regional office. During fiscal 2010, the corporate office was further streamlined, in line with the strategy of relocating personnel to the regions that they service. The corporate office is now a focused business unit engaged in establishing and monitoring operational standards that apply across the regions in areas such as safety, health and environmental issues, finance and human resources, developing Group-wide strategy, and allocating capital. In fiscal 2011, Gold Fields further streamlined its operations in these regions through a series of initiatives as part of the BPR program focusing on operating costs, rationalization of on-mine and regional overhead and a review of the mine-to-mill process.
Hedging
As a general rule, Gold Fields sells the gold it produces at prevailing market prices and does not enter into hedging arrangements such as forward sales or derivatives which establish a price in advance for the sale of its future gold production. At December 31, 2011, Gold Fields had no outstanding hedges. Significant changes in the prices of gold and/or copper over a sustained period of time may lead Gold Fields to increase or decrease its production in the near-term, which could have a material impact on Gold Fields revenues. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of the GroupFactors Affecting Results of OperationsRevenues.
Gold Fields may, from time to time, establish currency and/or interest rate financial instruments to protect underlying cash flows or to take advantage of potential favorable currency movements.
Strategic Goals and Objectives
Progress against Strategic Goals and Objectives for Fiscal 2011
| To achieve safe and stable production at the KDC and Beatrix mines in the South Africa region. |
During fiscal 2011, overall primary development at the KDC and Beatrix mines decreased by 10.7% from 76,591 meters to 68,382 meters. However, the percentage of flat-end development that was mechanized on the long-life shafts increased from 54.6% in fiscal 2010 to 89.6% in fiscal 2011. This has contributed positively to the health and safety of flat-end development workers and management believes that this increase lays the foundation for achieving reserve flexibility of 24 months developed ore reserves at all the long-life shafts.
During fiscal 2011, Gold Fields saw a leveling off in the overall safety performance of the Group. In particular, the fatal injury frequency rate showed a 9% deterioration, from 0.11 per million man hours worked in fiscal 2010 to 0.12 per million man hours worked in fiscal 2011, with the number of fatal injuries increasing from 18 in fiscal 2010 to 19 in fiscal 2011, while the lost time injury frequency rate rose to 4.68 per million man hours worked from 4.38 per million man hours worked. An external review of the safety culture in the South Africa region indicated a significant improvement in the overall safety culture in the region, which indicates that Gold Fields efforts to boost safety on a
38
sustainable basis are delivering results, and that Gold Fields first value, if we cannot mine safely, we will not mine, has been thoroughly entrenched throughout the company.
| To continue the build-up of South Deep in order to achieve run-rate production of approximately 750,000 ounces per annum by the end of 2015. |
During fiscal 2011, gold production at South Deep increased by 3% from 265,000 ounces in fiscal 2010 to 273,000 ounces. The South Deep capital infrastructure program continues to meet its key delivery dates. During the year, South Deep completed the commissioning of its new Tailings Storage Facility. The ventilation shaft deepening project remains on track for commissioning in the third quarter of 2012 and the additional rock hoisting is expected to build to a nameplate capacity of 195,000 tons per month by October 2013. The gold plant expansion from 220,000 tons per month to 330,000 tons per month is under construction, with commissioning planned in the third quarter of 2012. Despite, the progress made on the infrastructure projects, South Deep has experienced some challenges around the slow build-up of de-stress cut mining activities. These are being addressed, and South Deep had made some progress in improving the quality of its de-stress mining during the second half of 2011. The growth target for South Deep has been adjusted to a 700,000 ounce run-rate by the end of 2015. Capital expenditure in fiscal 2011 amounted to R1.982 billion (U.S.$274.6 million) which is in line with the operations five-year plan.
| To continue BPR programs across the Company to achieve a sustainable free cash flow and an NCE margin of 20% at each mine in the short-term and 25% in the medium-term, at long-term sustainable gold prices |
Management considers NCE and NCE margin to be the most important measures of financial performance, as they drive free cash flow generation. BPR programs are continuing at KDC, Beatrix, St. Ives, Agnew, Damang and Tarkwa. The Company has also completed the transition to owner mining at Damang. The Company has also completed the transition to owner mining for underground production mining at Agnew and St. Ives mines with development and surface mining continuing to be performed by contractors. Continued implementation of the BPR program in the South Africa region is expected to deliver savings of R500 million (U.S.$63 million) over the two year period commencing January 2012 following significant savings already realized in fiscal 2011. This is expected to help the Company absorb some of the inflationary pressures it is facing in terms of input costs. In South Africa, BPR program initiatives delivered savings of R840 million (U.S.$116 million) in fiscal 2011. In West Africa, BPR program initiatives commenced with a diagnostic and analysis phase during the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and delivered savings of U.S.$43 million (R310 million) in fiscal 2011. In Australasia, BPR program initiatives commenced during fiscal 2011.
| To maintain and increase the Companys production profile through major near-mine projects |
The Group is focused on increasing the production profile of its operations through a series of projects to enhance current operations and to extend operations through near mine opportunities. At St. Ives, the Company is in the process of building up the Athena-Hamlet complex within the Argo-Athena camp. The camp sits within the St. Ives lease area, five kilometers from the central Lefroy mill. Construction at the Athena mine was completed during fiscal 2010 and the mine reached commercial levels of production during fiscal 2011. The first ore extraction from Hamlet occurred in November 2011, with stoping expected to commence in the latter half of 2012. Currently, it is estimated that there are reserves of over one million ounces at the Athena-Hamlet complex.
Further, the Damang mine is engaged in a drilling program with the intention to deliver additional mineable mineral reserves and to substantially increase the life of mine. Based on positive results of the recently completed Phase 1 proof of concept drilling program at Greater Damang, a preliminary PFS commenced in July 2011. This included a Phase 2 resource definition drilling program of 43,000 meters; however, Gold Fields achieved its objectives by drilling out 38,000 meters. Additional work includes detailed evaluation of the open pit cutback potential, geotechnical drilling of the deposit, design and financial evaluation of new processing facilities capable of supporting increased production
39
rates, and a full environmental assessment. The project is progressing to schedule to be completed in the first half of 2012 and to potentially move into feasibility, assuming a positive result.
| To increase the Companys production profile through major resource development and feasibility projects |
During fiscal 2011, the Group made further advancement on its major greenfields projects so that development decisions can be made within the next 2 to 3 years. Specific areas of focus during this period included an intensive drilling program at the FSE gold-copper porphyry, finalization of the project feasibility study at Chucapaca by the second half of fiscal 2012 and at APP, completion of the drilling program at Suhanko North, finalization of the pre-feasibility study by the end of fiscal 2012 and consolidating the results of the pilot-plant testwork of Platsol to improve metal recoveries.
The Group has also continued the development of its greenfields exploration pipeline. During fiscal 2011, Gold Fields spent approximately U.S.$120.5 million on greenfileds exploration projects not adjacent to its mining operations.
| To implement a sustainable gold program that addresses both the concerns of stakeholders as well as emerging business and sustainable development risks |
During fiscal 2011, a wide range of projects was undertaken across the Company to enhance the sustainability of its operations. For example, Gold Fields participated in the piloting of the World Gold Council Responsible Gold standards relating to chain of custody and conflict free gold. During this period, Gold Fields started the process of compliance by beginning to include warranties on its waybills to refineries stating that the gold dore (gold bars containing approximately 90% gold) had been produced in a responsible manner.
Further, Gold Fields has identified relevant criteria for inclusion in employee balanced scorecards and other business processes, to ensure an integrated approach to sustainability across functional areas. In order to ensure that employees are compensated in accordance with the values of the Company, Gold Fields uses a fully integrated or balanced scorecard approach. This includes traditional measures of performance such as employee productivity, as well as environmental and safety metrics. Using this approach, Gold Fields is ensuring that business sustainability is integral to day-to-day operations and that there is accountability for the long-term performance of the company. All middle- to senior level employees participate in this performance management process, which forms an integral part of the Groups talent management.
Specific Strategic Goals and Objectives for fiscal 2012
The specific strategic goals and objectives for fiscal 2012 flow from the strategy and were designed to consolidate the operational gains made during fiscal 2011. The specific strategic goals and objectives for fiscal 2012 are:
| Achieve tangible improvements with respect to all safety and health metrics |
Gold Fields plans to continue working towards zero harm through a strategy of engineering-out risk, compliance with safe operating standards, procedures and cultural and behavioural change and improved stakeholder engagement as encapsulated in the 24 Hour in the Life of a Gold Fields Employee wellness initiative. At Gold Fields international operations, the focus will be on reduced lost time injury frequency rates as well as improvements in occupational health performance.
| Reduce the rate of production decline at KDC between 3% and 5% against fiscal 2011 |
Gold Fields intends to increase surface processing capacity at KDC for waste rock and tailings. In addition, Gold Fields expects to maintain its focus on efficiency projects, including improving quality mining volumes at KDC, increased mechanized flat-end development and improved safety performance.
40
| Regain momentum in the ramping up of production at South Deep |
Gold Fields plans to complete several fixed infrastructure projects at South Deep in fiscal 2012 in support of the build-up program, including the Twin Vent Shaft project and the processing plant expansion. Gold Fields also expects to make further progress on the installation of backfill infrastructure. The capital expenditure budget for South Deep is R2.544 billion ($318 million) in fiscal 2012.
In addition, Gold Fields aims to establish a dedicated, on-site mechanized mining training center to support operations at South Deep.
| Ensure that every mine (excluding South Deep) achieves an NCE margin of at least 20% |
The BPR program is expected to continue excluding South Deep in fiscal 2012. The second phase of the BPR program in South Africa has identified further cost reductions of R500 million (U.S.$62.5 million) over the next two years through the optimization of staff structures, reduction in non-specialized contractors, lower electricity consumption and enhanced supply chain management.
At its Australian and Ghanaian mines, Gold Fields also plans to maximize the benefits realized by the implementation of owner mining, improved utilization and availability of mining equipment as well as the reduction in energy intensity.
| Increase momentum on growth projects to achieve the goal of 5 million ounces, in production or in development, by 2015 |
In fiscal 2012, Gold Fields plans to undertake the following projects at each of its four advanced stage projects:
(i) | Chucapaca, Peru: Gold Fields expects to complete a feasibility study for the Canahuire deposit and to reach a development decision in the second half of fiscal 2012. |
(ii) | Greater Damang Project, Ghana: Gold Fields expects to complete a pre-feasibility study aiming to develop a large cutback on the existing Huni-Damang-Juno deposits. Gold Fields also plans to update the mineral resource and reserve position of the project. |
(iii) | Far Southeast, Philippines: Gold Fields hopes to complete the Financial or Technical Assistance Agreement licensing process, which allows a foreign corporation to legally own and control a majority stake of any large scale mineral resource in the Philippines. On March 22, 2012, Gold Fields exercised its 40% option in FSE after making a US$110 million payment. Gold Fields continues to hold its option to acquire an additional 20% stake in FSE for a further US$110 million, which, if exercised, would increase its total interest in FSE to 60%. The options were initially granted to Gold Fields for the later of 18 months from signature in September 2010 or the date of receiving a Financial or Technical Assistance Agreement, or FTAA, for the project. A FTAA licence allows a foreign corporation to control a majority interest in a Philippine mining project. Notwithstanding this provision, Gold Fields has the discretion to exercise either option prior to the FTAA being granted and has done so in respect of the 40% option. Gold Fields also expects to have a maiden resource statement for FSE and commence a pre-feasibility study later this year. |
(iv) | Arctic Platinum Project, Finland: Gold Fields expects to complete the drilling program at Suhanko North, test the ore for amenability to the Platsol process and to finalize the pre-feasibility study by the end of fiscal 2012. |
| Ensure Gold Fields has the financial capacity to fund growth projects in 2012 and beyond |
Gold Fields plans to maintain continued focus on strong operational cash flow generation in fiscal 2012. At the same time, Gold Fields intends to explore the potential for securing additional long-term funding for the business and the possibility of extending the maturity profile of its long-term debt.
| Ensure that sustainability is fully integrated into the business and is appropriately communicated to all levels of the business |
Gold Fields plans to achieve this goal, through initiatives such as ongoing development, implementation and monitoring of sustainability development strategies at the group-, region- and project-levels, additional integration of internal and external reporting and a dedicated sustainable
41
development communications program, voluntary adoption of the World Gold Council Conflict and Free Gold Standards. Further, sustainable development measures have been incorporated into the balanced scorecards of key decision-makers across the Company.
| Ensure that climate change initiatives, carbon mitigation and adaptation strategies and energy efficiency initiatives are fully incorporated into the business |
Gold Fields plans to proceed with a number of climate change and carbon mitigation initiatives, including the implementation of a fully integrated Energy and Carbon Strategy, including the creation of a carbon and energy division, and the development, implementation and monitoring of Carbon Management Plans by all regions. Gold Fields also plans to roll out a number of energy efficiency and carbon emission reduction projects and to continue with the ongoing integration of carbon pricing into its financial planning to induce short-, medium- and long-term adaptation of the business. Gold Fields is also in the process of incorporating energy and carbon measures into the balanced scorecards of key decision-makers across the Company.
| Increase focus on the attraction, retention and development of people and skills |
Gold Fields will fully implement its new Remuneration Strategy. This strategy focuses on a number of initiatives to attract and retain skilled employees, including enhanced branding, increased talent development, the establishment of an integrated human resources data management system, an ongoing review of base salaries and quality of working life and improvements to internal and external skills pipelines.
Reserves of Gold Fields as of December 31, 2011
Methodology
While there are some differences between the definition of the South African Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves, or SAMREC Code, and that of the Securities and Exchange Commissions, or SECs, industry guide number 7, only the reserves at each of Gold Fields operations and exploration projects as of December 31, 2011 which qualify as reserves for purposes of the SECs industry guide number 7 are presented in the table below. See Glossary of Mining Terms. In accordance with the requirements imposed by the JSE, Gold Fields reports its reserves using the terms and definitions of the SAMREC Code (2007 edition). Mineral or ore reserves, as defined under the SAMREC Code, are divided into categories of proved and probable reserves and are expressed in terms of tonnes to be processed at mill feed head grades, allowing for estimated mining dilution, recovery and other factors.
Gold Fields reports reserves using cut-off grades (international operations and South Deep) and pay limits (South Africa, excluding South Deep), due to the nature of the deep level underground operations, to ensure the reserves realistically reflect both the cost structures and required margins relevant to each mining operation. Cut-off grade is the grade that distinguishes the material within an ore body that is to be extracted and treated from the remaining material. The pay limit is the grade at which an ore body can be mined without profit or loss, calculated using an appropriate metal price and working costs, plus modifying factors. Modifying factors used to calculate the pay limit grades include adjustments to mill delivered amounts, due to dilution incurred in the course of mining. Modifying factors applied in estimating reserves are primarily historical, but commonly incorporate adjustments for planned operational improvements such as those described below under Description of Mining BusinessProductivity Initiatives. Tonnage and grade may include some mineralization below the selected pay limit and cut-off grade to ensure that the reserve comprises blocks of adequate size and continuity. Reserves also take into account cost levels at each operation and are supported by mine plans.
The estimation of reserves at the South African underground operations is based on surface drilling, underground drilling, surface three-dimensional reflection seismics, ore body facies modeling, structural modeling, underground mapping channel sampling and geostatistical estimation. The reefs are initially explored by drilling from the surface on an approximately 500 meter to 2,000 meter grid. Once underground access is
42
available, drilling is undertaken on an approximately 30 meter to 90 meter grid. Underground channel sampling perpendicular to the reef is undertaken at three-meter intervals in development areas and five-meter intervals at stope faces.
The following sets out the reserve estimation methodologies for the different categories of reserves at the underground operations of each of the South African mines.
KDC
Reserve Classification |
Sample Spacing Range Min/Max |
Maximum Distance Data is Projected |
||||||
(meters) | ||||||||
Proved |
3 to 250 | 125 | ||||||
Probable (AI)(1) |
3 to 1,140 | 570 | ||||||
Probable (BI)(1) |
3 to 2,840 | 1,420 |
Note:
(1) | AI is above infrastructure; BI is below infrastructure. |
For proved reserves, the ore body is opened up and sampled on a three-meter spacing for development (such as raises), and a five-meter grid for stoping, together with underground borehole spacings ranging from tens to hundreds of meters. Blocks classified as proved are therefore generally adjacent to closely spaced sampling and generally pierced by a relatively dense irregular pattern of boreholes. Estimation is constrained within both geologically homogenous structural and facies zones, and is generally derived from either ordinary or simple kriged small-scale grids, ranging from 10 meter to 50 meter block sizes.
For above infrastructure probable reserves, the estimates are founded on significant numbers of samples on a three-meter spacing for development, and a five-meter grid for stoping bordering these areas. In addition underground borehole spacings ranging from tens to hundreds of meters are used together with surface boreholes and seismic surveys. Blocks classified as probable (AI) are generally adjacent to blocks classified as proved. Estimation is constrained within homogenous structural and facies zones, and is generally derived from either ordinary or simple kriged medium- to macro-scale-sized grids ranging from 50 meters to 420 meters, or through declustered averaging or Sichel t techniques. For planning purposes, these blocks are further evaluated to facilitate the selection of blocks above the pay limit.
For below infrastructure probable reserves, the estimates access the significant numbers of samples on a three-meter spacing for development, and a five-meter grid for stoping above these areas. In addition underground borehole spacings ranging from tens to hundreds of meters are used together with surface boreholes and seismic surveys. Blocks classified as probable (BI) are generally downdip of blocks classified as proved or probable (AI). Estimation is constrained within homogenous structural and facies zones, and is generally derived from either ordinary or simple kriged medium- to macro-scale-sized grids ranging from 50 meters to 420 meters, or through declustered averaging or Sichel t techniques. For planning purposes, these blocks are further evaluated to facilitate the selection of blocks above the pay limit.
43
Beatrix
Reserve Classification |
Sample Spacing Range Min/Max |
Maximum Distance Data is Projected |
||||||
(meters) | ||||||||
Proved |
3 to 120 | 120 | ||||||
Probable (AI)(1) |
3 to 820 | 700 | ||||||
Probable (BI)(1) |
3 to 1,500 | 750 |
Note:
(1) | AI is above infrastructure; BI is below infrastructure. |
Estimations for proved reserves are made on the same basis as at KDC but with kriging blocks ranging from 10 meters to 40 meters.
Estimations for above infrastructure probable reserves are made on the same basis as at KDC but with medium-sized kriged blocks of 40 meters, and macro geological zone estimates being made through declustered averaging or Sichel t techniques or macro-scale-sized kriged grids of up to 300 meters. For planning purposes these blocks are further evaluated to facilitate the selection of blocks above the pay limit.
Estimations for below infrastructure probable reserves are made on the same basis as at KDC but with medium-sized kriged blocks being 40 meters, to macro geological zone estimates through declustered averaging or Sichel t techniques or macro scale sized kriged grids of up to 300 meters. The distinction between estimation techniques for above infrastructure and below infrastructure probable reserves is the same as at KDC. For planning purposes, these blocks are further evaluated to facilitate the selection of blocks above the pay limit.
South Deep
Reserve Classification |
Sample Spacing Range Min/Max |
Maximum Distance Data is Projected |
||||||
(meters) | ||||||||
Proved |
0 to 100 | 220 | ||||||
Probable (AI)(1) |
100 to 180 | 450 | ||||||
Probable (BI)(1) |
>180 | 1,200 |
Note:
(1) | AI is above infrastructure; BI is below infrastructure. |
For proved reserves, the ore body must be fully destressed for development (such as access ramps and drives), and similarly for stoping, with drilling planned at an approximate 30 meter by 30 meter grid-spacing. Estimation is constrained within both geologically homogenous structural and facies zones, and is generally derived from either ordinary or simple kriged small-scale grids.
For above infrastructure probable reserves, the estimates access a significant number of samples on spacing greater than the spacing for development and stoping bordering these areas. In addition, borehole spacings ranging from tens to hundreds of meters are used in conjunction with 3D seismic survey results that confirm certain structural elevations and surfaces. Reserves classified as probable above infrastructure are generally adjacent to those classified as proved. Estimation is constrained within homogenous structural and facies zones, and is generally derived from simple and ordinary kriging and through declustered averaging techniques.
For below infrastructure probable reserves, the estimates access a significant number of samples on spacing greater than the spacing for development and stoping bordering these areas. In addition, borehole spacings ranging from tens to hundreds of meters are used in conjunction with 3D seismic survey results that confirm
44
certain structural elevations and surfaces. Reserves classified as probable below infrastructure are generally adjacent to those classified as proved or probable above infrastructure. Estimation is constrained within homogeneous structural and facies zones, and is generally derived from simple and ordinary kriging and through declustered averaging techniques.
The primary assumptions of continuity of the geologically homogenous zones are driven by the geological model, which is updated when new information arises. Any changes to the model are subject to peer, internal technical corporate and external independent consultant review. Historically, mining at South African deep-level gold mines has shown significant geological continuity, so that new mines were started based on limited surface borehole information. Customarily, geological models are primarily based on the definition of different facies within each conglomerate horizon. These facies are extrapolated along palaeocurrent and grade trends into new, undeveloped areas taking into account any surface borehole data in those areas. Normally these facies are continuous, supported by extensive historical sample databases, and can be incorporated in the macro kriging of large blocks.
Ghana
For the Tarkwa open pit operation, estimation of reserves is based on a combination of an initial 100- or 200-meter grid of diamond drilling and in certain areas a 12.5 meter to 25.0 meter grid of reverse circulation drilling. For the Damang open pit operation, estimation of reserves is based on a 20 meter to 80 meter grid of combined reverse circulation and diamond drilling and, in certain areas, reverse circulation drilling on an eight-meter by five-meter drill grid.
Diamond drilling provides continuous (solid) core from diamond drill bits, using water and chemicals for lubrication. Consequently, diamond drilling provides greater resolution of geological parameters such as lithologies, alterations, mineralisation and structures.
In surface drilling programs, reverse circulation drilling provides chip samples from percussion hammers powered by compressed air. The chips are transferred to surface up a central tube with the rods to eliminate contamination from the outer hole. Sampling is generally conducted at intervals relevant to the block model and mining dimensions. Reverse circulation drilling is generally quicker and less expensive than diamond drilling. However, there is a depth limitation to reverse circulation drilling and consequently all deep holes are conducted by diamond drilling.
Generally exploration programs will consist of a mix of reverse circulation and diamond drilling in order to provide the necessary geological resolution, as well as bulk analytical data for evaluation purposes. Infill drilling programs are usually conducted by reverse circulation, as are grade control drilling programs.
Australia
At the Australian operations, the estimation of reserves for both underground and open pit operations is based on exploration, sampling and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques, primarily from boreholes and mine development. The locations of sample points are spaced close enough to deduce or confirm geological and grade continuity. Generally, drilling is undertaken on grids, which range between 20 meters by 20 meters to 40 meters by 40 meters, although this may vary depending on the continuity of the ore body. Due to the variety and diversity of mineralization at St. Ives and Agnew, sample spacing may also vary depending on each particular ore type.
Peru
For the Cerro Corona operation, estimation is based on diamond drill and reverse circulation holes. The spacing of holes at Cerro Corona is generally around 50 meters, with some areas approximating a 25 meter grid.
45
Reserve Statement
As of December 31, 2011, Gold Fields had aggregate attributable proved and probable gold reserves of approximately 77.6 million ounces as set forth in the following table.
Gold ore reserve statement as of December 31, 2011(1)
Tonnes | Proved reserves Head Grade |
Gold | Tonnes | Probable reserves Head Grade |
Gold | Tonnes | Total reserves Head Grade |
Gold | Attributable gold production in Fiscal 2011(2) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(million) | (g/t) | (M oz) | (million) | (g/t) | (M oz) | (million) | (g/t) | (M oz) | (M oz) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Underground (UG) South Africa |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDC (UG) (total) |
22.90 | 7.8 | 5.714 | 31.40 | 7.5 | 7.619 | 54.30 | 7.6 | 13.333 | 0.968 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Above infrastructure(3) |
22.90 | 7.8 | 5.714 | 31.40 | 7.5 | 7.619 | 54.30 | 7.6 | 13.333 | 0.968 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Below infrastructure(3) |
| | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Deep (UG) (total)(6) |
14.04 | 6.0 | 2.706 | 193.86 | 5.4 | 33.869 | 207.90 | 5.5 | 36.576 | 0.264 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Above infrastructure(3)(6) |
14.04 | 6.0 | 2.706 | 140.82 | 5.5 | 25.020 | 154.86 | 5.6 | 27.726 | 0.264 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Below infrastructure(3)(6). |
| | | 53.04 | 5.2 | 8.849 | 53.04 | 5.2 | 8.849 | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beatrix (UG) (total) |
23.44 | 4.6 | 3.437 | 10.53 | 4.3 | 1.465 | 33.97 | 4.5 | 4.901 | 0.332 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Above infrastructure(3) |
23.44 | 4.6 | 3.437 | 10.53 | 4.3 | 1.465 | 33.97 | 4.5 | 4.901 | 0.332 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Below infrastructure(3) |
| | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Australia |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
St. Ives |
0.91 | 6.0 | 0.178 | 8.37 | 4.6 | 1.231 | 9.29 | 4.7 | 1.409 | 0.253 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Agnew |
1.14 | 6.2 | 0.230 | 5.45 | 6.0 | 1.046 | 6.59 | 6.0 | 1.276 | 0.167 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Underground |
62.44 | 6.1 | 12.264 | 249.60 | 5.6 | 45.230 | 312.04 | 5.7 | 57.495 | 1.984 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Surface (Rock Dumps & Tailings Storage Facilities, or TSFs) |
247.18 | 0.4 | 2.916 | 20.40 | 0.6 | 0.384 | 267.58 | 0.4 | 3.300 | 0.157 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDC |
247.18 | 0.4 | 2.916 | 14.90 | 0.7 | 0.327 | 262.08 | 0.4 | 3.243 | 0.132 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Deep |
| | | | | | | | | 0.009 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beatrix |
| | | 5.50 | 0.3 | 0.057 | 5.50 | 0.3 | 0.057 | 0.015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Surface (Production Stockpile) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ghana |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tarkwa |
2.84 | 0.7 | 0.07 | | | | 2.84 | 0.7 | 0.067 | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Damang |
| | | 2.43 | 1.0 | 0.08 | 2.43 | 1.0 | 0.078 | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Australia |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
St. Ives |
5.60 | 1.0 | 0.174 | | | | 5.60 | 1.0 | 0.174 | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Agnew |
0.31 | 1.7 | 0.017 | | | | 0.31 | 1.7 | 0.017 | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Peru |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cerro Corona |
1.1 | 1.2 | 0.05 | | | | 1.17 | 1.2 | 0.047 | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Surface (Open Pit) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ghana |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tarkwa |
106.27 | 1.3 | 4.45 | 129.24 | 1.2 | 4.79 | 235.51 | 1.2 | 9.243 | 0.576 | (4) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Damang(5) |
7.74 | 2.0 | 0.50 | 45.36 | 1.7 | 2.48 | 53.10 | 1.7 | 2.973 | 0.175 | (4) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Australia |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
St. Ives(5) |
0.82 | 1.4 | 0.038 | 22.23 | 1.7 | 1.192 | 23.05 | 1.7 | 1.230 | 0.212 | (4) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Agnew(5) |
0.21 | 1.4 | 0.009 | | | | 0.21 | 1.4 | 0.009 | 0.027 | (4) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Peru |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cerro Corona |
84.05 | 0.9 | 2.47 | 23.14 | 0.7 | 0.51 | 107.19 | 0.9 | 2.980 | 0.150 | (4) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Surface |
209.01 | 1.2 | 7.771 | 222.40 | 1.3 | 9.046 | 431.40 | 1.2 | 16,817 | 1.140 |
46
Tonnes | Proved reserves Head Grade |
Gold | Tonnes | Probable reserves Head Grade |
Gold | Tonnes | Total reserves Head Grade |
Gold | Attributable gold production in Fiscal 2011(2) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(million) | (g/t) | (M oz) | (million) | (g/t) | (M oz) | (million) | (g/t) | (M oz) | (M oz) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Grand Total |
518.63 | 1.4 | 22.951 | 492.40 | 3.5 | 54.660 | 1,011.02 | 2.4 | 77.612 | 3.280 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Totals by Mine |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDC |
270.08 | 1.0 | 8.630 | 46.30 | 5.3 | 7.946 | 316.38 | 1.6 | 16.576 | 1.100 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Deep |
14.04 | 6.0 | 2.706 | 193.86 | 5.4 | 33.869 | 207.90 | 5.5 | 36.576 | 0.273 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beatrix |
23.44 | 4.6 | 3.437 | 16.03 | 3.0 | 1.521 | 39.47 | 3.9 | 4.958 | 0.347 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tarkwa |
109.11 | 1.3 | 4.515 | 129.24 | 1.2 | 4.795 | 238.35 | 1.2 | 9.310 | 0.576 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Damang |
7.74 | 2.0 | 0.497 | 47.79 | 1.7 | 2.554 | 55.53 | 1.7 | 3.051 | 0.175 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
St. Ives |
7.34 | 1.7 | 0.390 | 30.60 | 2.5 | 2.423 | 37.94 | 2.3 | 2.813 | 0.465 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Agnew |
1.66 | 4.8 | 0.255 | 5.45 | 6.0 | 1.046 | 7.11 | 5.7 | 1.302 | 0.194 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cerro Corona |
85.22 | 0.9 | 2.521 | 23.14 | 0.7 | 0.505 | 108.36 | 0.9 | 3.026 | 0.150 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Grand Total |
518.63 | 1.4 | 22.951 | 492.40 | 3.5 | 54.660 | 1,011.02 | 2.4 | 77.612 | 3.280 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes: |
(1) (a) | Quoted as mill delivered metric tonnes and Run of Mine, or RoM, grades, inclusive of all mining dilutions and gold losses except mill recovery. Metallurgical recovery factors have not been applied to the reserve figures. The approximate metallurgical factors are as follows: (1) KDC underground 97% and surface 85% to 92%; (2) Beatrix underground 96% and surface 88%; (3) South Deep 97%; (4) Tarkwa 97% for milling, 49% to 89% for heap leach; (5) Damang 91.5% to 93.5%; (6) St. Ives 83% to 94% for milling, 55% to 75% for heap leach; (7) Agnew 94.5%; and (8) Cerro Corona 69% for gold and 87% for copper. The metallurgical recovery is the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the mass of the specific mineral product actually recovered from ore treated at the plant to its total specific mineral content before treatment. The South African operations have a fairly consistent metallurgical recovery, while the recoveries on the International operations vary according to the mix of the source material and method of treatment. |
(b) | For KDC, South Deep and Beatrix, a gold price of Rand 310,000 per kilogram ($1,300 per ounce at an exchange rate of Rand 7.42 per $1.00) was applied in valuing ore reserve. For the Tarkwa and Damang operations, ore reserve figures are based on an optimized pit at a gold price of $1,300 per ounce. For the Australian operations, ore reserve figures are based on a gold price of A$1,400 per ounce ($1,300 per ounce at an exchange rate of A$1.08 per $1.00). Open pit ore reserves at the Australian operations are similarly based on optimized pits. The gold price used for reserves is the approximate three-year trailing average, calculated on a monthly basis, of the London afternoon fixing price of gold. These prices are approximately 17% higher in South African Rand terms, 30% higher in U.S. dollar terms and 14% higher in Australian dollar terms than the prices used for the December 31, 2010 declaration and reflect the effect of a consistently increasing gold price on historical average. For the Cerro Corona gold reserves, the optimized pit is based on a gold price of $1,300 per ounce and a copper price of $3.5 per pound, which, due to the nature of the deposit and the importance of net smelter returns, need to be considered together. |
(c) | For the South African operations, mine dilution relates to the difference between the mill tonnage and the stope face tonnage and includes other sources stoping (which is waste that is broken on the mining horizon, other than on the stope face), development to mill and tonnage discrepancy (which is the difference between the tonnage expected on the basis of the mines measuring methods and the tonnage accounted for by the plant). For the International operations, dilution relates to unplanned waste and/or low-grade material being mined and delivered to the mill. Ranges are given for those operations that have multiple ore body styles and mining methodologies. The mine dilution factors are as follows: (i) Driefontein 23%; (ii) Kloof 27%; (iii) Beatrix 23%; (iv) South Deep 6%; (v) Tarkwa 11%; (vi) Damang 10% to 15%; (vii) St. Ives 6% to 13% (open pits) and 2% to 47% (underground); (viii) Agnew 12% to 38%; and (ix) Cerro Corona 0%. |
(d) | The mining recovery factor relates to the proportion or percentage of ore mined from the defined ore body at the gold price used for the declaration of reserves. This percentage will vary from mining area to mining area and reflects planned and scheduled reserves against total potentially available reserves (at the gold price used for the declaration of reserves), with all modifying factors, mining constraints and pillar discounts applied. The mining recovery factors are as follows: (i) Driefontein 81%; (ii) Kloof 77%; (iii) Beatrix 76%; (iv) Tarkwa 98%; (v) Damang 100%; (vi) St. Ives 90% to 99% (open pits) and 75% to 95% (underground); (vii) Agnew 100%; and (viii) South Deep 100%. |
(e) | The pay limit (South African operations) and cut-off grade (International operations) vary per shaft, open pit or underground mine, depending on the respective costs, depletion schedule, ore type and dilution. The following are the average or range of values applied in the planning process: (i) Driefontein 1,420 cm.g/t; (ii) Kloof 1,610 cm.g/t; (iii) Beatrix 920 cm.g/t; (iv) South Deep 3.5 g/t (at South Deep, the values are expressed in g/t due to the mining method); (v) Tarkwa 0.3 g/t for heap leach and 0.44 g/t for mill feed; (vi) Damang 0.5 g/t to 0.7 g/t for fresh ore and 0.3 g/t to 0.4 g/t for oxide ore; (vii) St. Ives 0.4 to 0.6 g/t for heap leach, 0.7 g/t for mill feedopen pit, and 2.6 g/t to 3.7 g/t for mill feedunderground; (viii) Agnew 0.4 g/t for mill feedstockpiles, and 3.1 to 4.4 g/t for mill feedunderground; and (ix) Cerro Corona $18.01 net smelter return (combined copper and gold). |
(f) | Totals may not sum due to rounding. Where this occurs it is not deemed significant. |
(g) | A Mine Call Factor based on historic performance and planned improvements is applied to the mineral reserves. The following Mine Call Factors have been applied: KDC East 83%, KDC West 85%, Beatrix 79%, South Deep 104% to 108%, Damang 92%, St Ives 97%, with Tarkwa, Agnew and Cerro Corona at 100%. |
(2) | Actual gold produced after metallurgical recovery. |
47
(3) | Above infrastructure reserves relate to mineralization which is located at a level at which an operation currently has infrastructure sufficient to allow mining operations to occur. Below infrastructure reserves relate to mineralization which is located at a level at which an operation currently does not have infrastructure sufficient to allow mining operations to occur, but where the operation has made plans to install additional infrastructure in the future which will allow mining to occur at that level. The current studies for below infrastructure reserves at Driefontein, which contemplate accessing the area through multiple declines, resulted in in the exclusion of the below infrastructure reserve ounces at this operation due to economic and project prioritization reasons. |
(4) | Includes some gold produced from stockpile material, which cannot be separately measured. |
(5) | Excludes inferred material within the pit design. |
The following table sets forth the proved and probable copper reserves of the Cerro Corona mine as of December 31, 2011 that are attributable to Gold Fields.
Copper ore reserve statement as of December 31, 2011(1)(2)
Tonnes | Proved Reserves Grade Cu |
Cu | Tonnes | Probable Reserves Grade Cu |
Cu | Tonnes | Total Reserves Grade Cu |
Cu | Attributable copper production in fiscal 2011 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(million) | (%) | (million lbs) | (million) | (%) | (million lbs) | (million) | (%) | (million lbs) | (million lbs) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Surface (Open Pit) Peru |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cerro Corona |
85.2 | 0.5 | 897 | 23.1 | 0.4 | 212 | 108.4 | 0.5 | 1,109 | 79.12 |
Notes:
(1) | Metallurgical recovery factors have not been applied to the reserve figures. The approximate metallurgical factor for copper at Cerro Corona is 87%. |
(2) | For the copper reserves, the optimized pit is based on a gold price of $1,300 per ounce and a copper price of $3.50 per pound, which, due to the nature of the deposit, need to be considered together. |
Gold and copper price sensitivity
The amount of gold mineralization that Gold Fields can economically extract, and therefore can classify as reserves, is very sensitive to fluctuations in the price of gold. At gold prices significantly different than the gold price of $1,300 per ounce used to estimate Gold Fields attributable gold reserves (excluding copper) of 77.6 million ounces of gold as of December 31, 2011 listed above, Gold Fields operations would have had materially different reserves. The following table indicates the Gold Fields reserves at different gold prices that are 10% above and below the $1,300 per ounce gold price used to estimate Gold Fields attributable reserves, however the reserve sensitivities are not based on detailed depletion schedules and should be considered on a relative and indicative basis only.
$1,170/oz | $1,300/oz | $1,430/oz | ||||||||||
(000 oz) | ||||||||||||
KDC(1) |
15,243 | 16,576 | 17,909 | |||||||||
Beatrix(1) |
3,772 | 4,958 | 5,553 | |||||||||
South Deep |
28,976 | 36,576 | 38,324 | |||||||||
Tarkwa |
8,289 | 9,310 | 10,188 | |||||||||
Damang |
2,723 | 3,051 | 3,222 | |||||||||
St. Ives |
2,430 | 2,813 | 3,112 | |||||||||
Agnew |
1,164 | 1,302 | 1,398 | |||||||||
Cerro Corona(2) |
3,026 | 3,026 | 3,026 |
Notes:
(1) | South African operations reserves include run-of-mine ore stockpiles, TSFs and low-grade strategic stockpiles. |
(2) | Under the current tailings dam design at Cerro Corona, reserves would not respond to an upward movement of the gold price because of current capacity constraints at the tailings storage facility for the Cerro Corona mine. A decrease of 10% in gold prices is insufficient to affect the level of gold reserves. |
48
The London afternoon fixing price for gold on March 23, 2012 was U.S.$1,664 per ounce. Gold Fields attributable gold reserves increased from 74.6 million ounces at December 31, 2010 to 77.6 million ounces at December 31, 2011, primarily due to increased reserves at South Deep, Cerro Corona, Damang and Tarkwa as a result of modeling enhancements, increased gold prices, the removal of constraints and further exploration. In addition, the West Wits Tailings Treatment Project has been included in the gold mineral reserve.
The amount of copper mineralization that Gold Fields can economically extract, and therefore can classify as reserves, could be sensitive to fluctuations in the price of copper. However, under the current tailings dam design at Cerro Corona, reserves would not respond to an upward movement of the copper price because of current capacity constraints at the tailings storage facility for Cerro Corona and a decrease of 10% in copper prices is insufficient to affect the level of copper reserves.
The London Metal Exchange, or LME, cash buyer price for copper on March 23, 2012 was U.S.$8,401 per tonne.
Gold Fields methodology for determining its reserves is subject to change and is based upon estimates and assumptions made by management regarding a number of factors as noted above under Methodology. Accordingly, the sensitivity analysis of Gold Fields reserves provided above should not be relied upon as indicative of what the estimate of Gold Fields reserves would actually be or have been at the gold or copper prices indicated, or at any other gold or copper price, nor should it be relied upon as a basis for estimating Gold Fields ore reserves based on the current gold or copper price or what Gold Fields reserves will be at any time in the future. See Risk FactorsGold Fields reserves are estimates based on a number of assumptions, any changes to which may require Gold Fields to lower its estimated reserves.
Geology
Approximately 53% of Gold Fields gold production (excluding gold equivalent ounces) is derived from deep-level underground gold mines located along the northern and western margins of the Witwatersrand Basin in South Africa. Including gold equivalent ounces, Gold Fields South African operations represent approximately 49% of total production. These properties include the KDC operation, the Beatrix operation and the South Deep operation. These mines are typical of the many Witwatersrand Basin operations, which have been the primary contributors to South Africas production of a significant portion of the worlds recorded gold output since 1886.
The Witwatersrand Basin comprises a 6,000 meter vertical thickness of sedimentary rocks, extending laterally for some 350 kilometers northeast to southwest by some 1,200 kilometers northwest to southeast, generally dipping at shallow angles toward the center of the basin. The basin outcrops at its northern extent near Johannesburg but to the west, south and east it is overlaid by up to 4,000 meters of volcanic and sedimentary rocks. The Witwatersrand Basin is Archaean in age, meaning the sedimentary rocks are of the order of 2.8 billion years old.
Gold mineralization occurs within laterally extensive quartz pebble conglomerate horizons called reefs, which are developed above unconformable surfaces near the basin margin. As a result of faulting and primary controls on mineralization processes, the goldfields are not continuous and are characterized by the presence or dominance of different reef units. The reefs are generally less than two meters in thickness and are widely considered to represent laterally extensive braided fluvial deposits or unconfined flow deposits, which formed along the flanks of alluvial fan systems around the edge of an inland sea. Dykes and sills of diabase or dolerite composition are developed within the Witwatersrand Basin and are associated with several intrusive and extrusive events.
The gold generally occurs in native form, often associated with pyrite, carbon and uranium. Pyrite and gold within the reefs display a variety of forms, some obviously indicative of detrital transport within the depositional system and others suggesting crystallization within the reef itself.
49
The most fundamental controls of gold distribution are the primary sedimentary features such as facies variation and channel directions. Consequently, the modeling of sedimentary features within the reefs and the correlation of payable grades within certain facies is key to in situ reserve estimation as well as effective operational mine planning and grade control.
For a discussion of the geological features present at the Tarkwa, Damang, St. Ives, Agnew and the Cerro Corona mines, see the geology discussion contained in the description of each of those mines found below under Gold Fields Mining OperationsGhana OperationsTarkwa Mine, Gold Fields Mining OperationsGhana OperationsDamang Mine, Gold Fields Mining OperationsAustralia OperationsSt. Ives, Gold Fields Mining OperationsAustralia OperationsAgnew, Gold Fields Mining OperationsPeru OperationsCerro Corona.
Description of Mining Business
The discussion below provides a general overview of the mining business as it applies to Gold Fields.
Exploration
Exploration activities are focused on the extension of existing ore bodies and identification of new ore bodies both at existing sites and at undeveloped sites. Once a potential ore body has been discovered, exploration is extended and intensified in order to enable clearer definition of the ore body and the potential portions to be mined. Geological techniques are constantly refined to improve the economic viability of prospecting and mining activities.
Mining
Gold Fields currently mines only gold, with copper and silver as by-products. The mining process can be divided into two principal activities: (i) developing access to the ore body; and (ii) extracting the ore body once accessed. These two processes apply to both surface and underground mines.
Underground Mining
Developing Access to the Ore body
For Gold Fields South African underground mines, primary access to ore bodies is provided through vertical and inclined shaft systems. If access beyond the reach of a shaft or shaft system is required to fully exploit the ore body, sub-vertical or sub-inclined shafts (secondary or tertiary) may be sunk where it is economically feasible. Horizontal development at various intervals off a shaft, known as levels, extends laterally and provides access to the reef horizon. On-reef development opens up the ore body for mining.
Extracting the Ore body
Once an ore body has been accessed and opened up for mining, production activities consisting of drilling, blasting, supporting and cleaning activities are carried out on a daily basis. At KDC and Beatrix, the broken ore is scraped into and along gullies to in-stope ore passes, which channel the broken ore to the crosscut below. The ore is then trammed by rail to the shaft system where it is tipped into transfer systems and then hoisted to the surface in skips. At South Deep, now a fully mechanized mine, ore is hauled by trucks along decline corridors to ore pass systems which connect the corridors to the crosscuts below. The ore is then transported by rail and tipped into the shaft transfer system and hoisted to the surface. At the Australian underground operations, the broken ore is loaded straight from the stope face into trucks, using mechanical loaders, and hauled to the surface by underground dump trucks via the decline. Mining methods employed at Gold Fields South African operations include de-stress mining, long hole open stoping, drift-and-fill mining, as well as drifting and benching at South Deep, longwall mining, closely spaced dip pillar mining and scattered mining at KDC and Beatrix. At the Australian underground operations, all mining activities are mechanized and trackless.
50
Open Pit-Mining
Opening up the Ore body
In open-pit mining, access to the ore is achieved by stripping the overburden in benches of fixed height to expose the ore below. This is most typically achieved by drilling and blasting an area, loading the broken rock with excavators into dump trucks and hauling the rock and/or soil to dumps.
Extracting the Ore body
Extraction of the ore body in open pit mining involves the same activity as in stripping the overburden. Lines are established demarcating ore from waste material and the rock is then drilled and blasted. The ore is loaded into dump trucks and hauled to the crusher or stockpile, while the waste is hauled to waste rock dumps.
Rock Dump and Production Stockpile Mining
Gold Fields mines surface rock dumps and production stockpiles using mechanized earth-moving equipment.
Mine Planning and Management
Operational and planning management on the mines receives support from corporate management and centralized support functions. The current philosophy is one of top-down/bottom-up management, with the non-financial operational objectives at each mine defined by the personnel at the mine based on parameters, objectives and guidelines provided by Gold Fields corporate office. This is based on the premise that the people on the ground have the best understanding of what is realistically achievable.
Each operation compiles a detailed two-year operational plan that rolls into a life of mine, or LoM, plan prior to the commencement of each fiscal year. The plans are based on financial parameters determined by the Gold Fields Executive Committee, or the Executive Committee. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesExecutive Committee. The operational plan is presented to the Executive Committee, which takes it to the Gold Fields Board of Directors, or the Board, for approval before the commencement of each fiscal year. The planning process is sequential and is based upon geological models, evaluation models, mine design, depletion schedules and, ultimately, financial analysis. Capital planning is formalized pursuant to Gold Fields capital spending planning process. Projects are categorized in terms of total expenditure, and all projects involving amounts exceeding Rand 250 million (South Africa), A$35 million (Australia) and U.S.$35 million (Ghana/Peru) are submitted to the Board for approval. Material changes to the plans have to be referred back to the Executive Committee and the Board.
The South African operations have implemented an integrated electronic reserve and resource information system, or IRRIS, to enhance LoM planning capabilities. This system provides a common planning platform to facilitate quicker, more flexible and more accurate short- and long-term planning and more timely identification of production shortfalls. Short-term planning on the operations is conducted monthly and aligned with the operational plan. Financial and economic parameters for the LoM and the operational plan are issued to the operations from the Executive Committee and relevant survey and evaluation factors are determined in accordance with Gold Fields guidelines. Significant changes in the LoM plans may occur from year-to-year as a result of mining experience, new ore discoveries, changes in the ore reserve estimates, changes in mining methods and rates, process changes, investment in new equipment and technology, input costs and metal prices.
Processing
Gold Fields currently has 15 gold processing facilities (eight in South Africa, three in Ghana, three in Australia and one in Peru) which treat ore to extract gold and, in the case of Cerro Corona, copper and gold. A typical processing plant circuit includes two phases: comminution and treatment.
51
Comminution
Comminution is the process of breaking up the ore to expose and liberate the gold and make it available for treatment. Conventionally, this process occurs in multi-stage crushing and milling circuits, which include the use of jaw and gyratory crushers and rod, tube, ball and semi-autogenous grinding, or SAG, mills. Most of Gold Fields milling circuits utilize SAG milling where the ore itself and steel balls are used as the primary grinding media. Through the comminution process, ore is ground to a pre-determined size before proceeding to the treatment phase.
Treatment
In most of Gold Fields metallurgical plants, gold is extracted into a leach solution by leaching with cyanide in agitated tanks. Gold is then extracted onto activated carbon from the solution using either the CIL or CIP process. The activated carbon is then eluted with gold recovered by electrowinning.
Gold Fields has two active heap leach operations. In the heap leach process, crushed ore is stacked on impervious leach pads and a cyanide leaching solution is sprayed on the pile. The solution percolates through the heap and dissolves liberated gold. A system of underdrains removes the gold-containing solution, which is then passed through columns containing activated carbon. The loaded carbon is then eluted and the gold recovered by electrowinning.
As a final recovery step, gold recovered from the carbon using the above processes is smelted to produce rough gold bars. These bars are then transported to the refinery which is responsible for refining the bars to good delivery status.
At Cerro Corona, gold/copper concentrate is produced using a standard flotation process. The concentrate is then shipped to a third-party smelter for further processing.
Productivity and Cost Initiatives
Towards the end of fiscal 2008, Gold Fields operations reviewed a number of their productivity and cost projects in order to ensure that focus was only on those projects with substantial value beyond the next five years. The result of the review was the identification of a suite of projects, as noted below:
Business Process Re-engineering ProgramThe BPR program focuses on operating costs, the rationalization of on-mine and regional overhead and review of the mine-to-mill process. The BPR has been implemented across the Group. The BPR program focuses on reviewing the business processes at Gold Fields mines, including operational production processes, costs and capital structures. The goals of the plan are to achieve a sustainable gold output at an NCE margin of 20% in the short-term, and 25% in the long-term. During fiscal 2011, the BPR program delivered more than R840 million in savings in South Africa, U.S.$43 million in West Africa and commenced in Australia. The project consists of more than 300 initiatives. The second phase of the project, which has been incorporated into the 2012 operational plans for the South Africa region, seeks to achieve cost reductions through revising organizational structures and optimizing business processes, including enhanced supply chain management, reducing employee and non-specialized contractor headcount, and power consumption reduction.
Stoping Full Potential Program is a productivity initiative that aims to improve quality mining volumes by increasing the face advance by between 5% and 10% per annum, based on fiscal 2010 actuals. This should translate to similar improvements in tons broken over the same period. This should be achieved through the following key improvement initiatives:
| drilling and blasting practices to improve advance per blast; |
52
| support, cleaning and sweeping practices to improve blasting frequency; |
| mining cycle, labor availability and training; and |
| improved pay face availability. |
Developing Full Potential Program, which is development on the horizontal plane, is a technology sub-group initiative aimed at mechanizing all flat-end development at the long-life shafts of KDC and Beatrix. The aim of the project is to improve safety and productivity, reduce development costs and increase ore reserve flexibility. The project achieved a mechanized rate of 89.6% of flat-end development at the long life shafts by December 31, 2011. South Deep is excluded as it is already a fully-mechanized mine.
NCE Full Potential Program is an initiative (previously known as Project 3M) that aims to reduce costs at the mature KDC and Beatrix mines by around R500 million (U.S.$60 million) over the next two years and to improve Gold Fields ability to absorb rising input costs. This program includes projects such as those discussed below:
| The Energy and Utilities Project focuses on reducing, by the end of fiscal 2012, the consumption of power, compressed air and water by 10%. For example, in fiscal 2011, savings of 3% in power consumption were achieved in South Africa. This project is driven primarily at reducing the safety risk to employees of interruptible power supply, maintaining the integrity of equipment and machinery in the face of power supply risks and minimizing the erosion of operating margins due to higher power tariffs and oil prices. |
Some of the key initiatives include on-line monitoring of power consumption, main fan inlet-vane control, energy-efficient lighting, energy-efficient machinery and equipment, and reducing compressed air and water usage through stope shut-off valves. In the case of diesel, strict controls are being enforced, supported by the replacement of diesel with battery locomotives.
| The Workplace Absenteeism Project (Unavailables Project) focuses on reducing workplace absenteeism in order to minimize the impact of lost shifts on production. In the South Africa region, the goal is to reduce absenteeism by 2%. Some of the key initiatives under this project include reducing unnecessary time spent by employees in training, work orientation and recruitment and healthcare assessment processes by creating a one-stop engagement and health-assessment center, particularly for KDC. Stricter controls have been implemented to manage sick leave and its abuse, while maintaining focus on continual improvement of wellness programs and employee and union relations. |
| The Above-ground Cost Project focuses on reducing surface costs by at least R100 million per annum. Various initiatives are in place including review of surface labor, improving workshop performance, implementing salvage and reclamation programs, enhancing procurement processes, and efficient management and utilization of inventories through a vigorous application of standards and norms. |
Project 4MAchievement of the Mine Health and Safety Council (MHSC) Milestones, as agreed to on June 15, 2003. This initiative focuses on the Mine Health and Safety Council, or the MHSC, milestones agreed to on June 15, 2003 at a tripartite health and safety summit comprising representatives from the government, organized labor unions and associations, and mining companies. The focus is on achieving occupational health and safety targets and milestones over a ten year period. In order to meet the noise-induced hearing loss target of reducing the total noise level to not more than 110 dBA, a number of action plans, based on the highest potential exposure sources, were implemented. These include, inter alia: the silencing of all auxiliary fans, pneumatic loaders and diamond drills. Progress, as of December 31, 2011, across all operations for the NIHL target was 98.2% of all noise measurements taken were not more than 110 dBA.
Silicosis remains one of the biggest health risks associated with the gold mining industry. In order to meet the Silicosis target of reducing all silica dust measurement to below 0.1 mg/m3 a number of action plans, based on the highest potential exposure sources, were implemented. These include, inter alia: the installation of tip
53
foggers, tip doors and foot wall treatment, all designed to reduce the liberation of dust into the ventilating air. As of December 31, 2011, only 0.6 % of silica dust measurements taken were above the target of 0.1 mg/m3. Progress against all interventions is monitored monthly and reviewed quarterly. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployees Health and SafetySafety.
Refining and Marketing
South Africa
Gold Fields has appointed Rand Refinery Limited, or Rand Refinery, to refine all of Gold Fields South African-produced gold. Rand Refinery is a non-listed public company in which Gold Fields holds a 34.9% interest, with the remaining interests held by other South African gold producers.
Since October 1, 2004, Gold Fields treasury department arranges the sale of all the gold production from the South African operations. Rand Refinery advises Gold Fields on a daily basis of the amount of gold available for sale. Gold Fields sells the gold at a price benchmarked against the London afternoon fixing price. Two business days after the sale of gold, Gold Fields deposits an amount in U.S. dollars equal to the value of the gold at the London afternoon fixing price into Rand Refinerys nominated U.S. dollar account. Rand Refinery deducts refining charges payable by Gold Fields relating to such amount of gold and deposits the balance of the proceeds into the nominated U.S. dollar account of Gold Fields.
Ghana
All gold produced by Gold Fields at the Tarkwa and Damang mines in Ghana is refined by Rand Refinery pursuant to two non-exclusive evergreen agreements entered into in October 2004 between Rand Refinery and Gold Fields Ghana and between Rand Refinery and Abosso. Under these agreements, Rand Refinery collects, refines and sells gold as instructed by Gold Fields Ghana and Abosso. Rand Refinery assumes responsibility for the gold upon collection at either the Tarkwa or Damang mine. The gold is then transported to the Rand Refinery premises in Johannesburg, South Africa, where it is refined. Gold Fields Ghana and Abosso reimburse Rand Refinery for transportation costs. Under these agreements, Rand Refinery sells the refined gold on behalf of Gold Fields Ghana and Abosso at the London afternoon fixing price for gold on the date of delivery. Rand Refinery receives refining fees for gold received, and a realization fee for gold refined. Each of these agreements continues until either party terminates it upon 90 days written notice.
Australia
In Australia, all gold produced by St. Ives and Agnew is refined by the Western Australian Mint. An evergreen agreement between St. Ives Gold Mining Company Pty Ltd, Agnew Gold Mining Company Pty Ltd and AGR Matthey, which became effective on September 1, 2002, has been transferred by Deed of Novation to the Western Australian Mint. The Western Australian Mint applies competitive charges for the collection, transport and refining services. The collection and transportation fees are calculated by the weight of the unrefined gold and a nominal fixed fee component. The refining fees are calculated per ounce of refined gold produced which includes small refining losses of both gold and silver, with additional assay and environmental disposal charges. The Western Australian Mint takes responsibility for the unrefined gold at collection from St. Ives and Agnew where they engage a sub-contractor, Brinks Australia. Brinks delivers the unrefined gold to the Western Australian Mint in Perth, Australia, where it is refined and the refined ounces of gold and silver are credited to the relevant metal accounts held by St. Ives and Agnew with the Western Australian Mint. St. Ives and Agnew then inform Gold Fields treasury in the corporate office in Johannesburg of the amount of fine gold available for sale in Perth, Australia. After such confirmation, Gold Fields treasury either sells the gold directly to the Western Australian Mint, at the London afternoon fixing price, or swaps it into London for a competitive fee per ounce, meaning the Western Australian Mint provides that volume of fine gold in London for sale by Gold Fields. In the case of a location swap, the Western Australian Mint is instructed to credit St. Ives or Agnews metal account held with Deutsche Bank, London. Once the gold is sold to a third-party, Deutsche Bank
54
in London is instructed by Gold Fields to deliver the gold to the relevant counterparty bank. All silver is sold to the Western Australian Mint at market rates. The agreement with the Western Australian Mint continues indefinitely until terminated by either party upon 90 days written notice.
Peru
La Cima has three contracts for the sale of approximately 75% of concentrate from the Cerro Corona mine, one with a Japanese refiner, one with a South Korean refiner and one with a German refiner. Two of the contracts expire on December 31, 2015, while the third contract expires on December 31, 2014. Under these contracts, La Cima is to sell approximately 25% of the concentrate to each company and to use reasonable efforts to spread the deliveries evenly throughout the year. Risk passes when the concentrate is loaded in the port of Salaverry, Peru or an alternative port chosen by La Cima. Pricing for copper and gold under each of the contracts is based on average LME copper prices and London Bullion Market Association gold prices, respectively. All production in excess of the amounts sold under long term contracts is sold on the spot market.
World Gold Council
Gold Fields supports and participates in the gold marketing activities of the World Gold Council, or WGC, and, prior to January 1, 2009, contributed to the WGC in support of its activities at a rate of $1.75 per ounce of the gold it produced in South Africa (excluding gold produced from the South Deep Project) and Australia and $1.75 per ounce of its attributable production from Tarkwa and Damang. From January 1, 2009, the amount contributed per ounce increased to $1.85 and from April 1, 2010, the amount contributed per ounce increased to $2.00 per ounce.
Services
Mining activities require extensive services, located both on the surface and underground at the mines. Services include:
| mining-related services such as engineering, rock mechanics, ventilation and refrigeration, materials handling, operational performance evaluation and capital planning; |
| safety and training; |
| housing and health-related services, including hostel and hospital operations; |
| reserves management, including sampling and estimation, geological services, including mine planning and design, and mine survey; |
| metallurgy; |
| equipment maintenance; and |
| assay services. |
Most of these services are provided directly by Gold Fields, either at the operational level or through the regional or corporate office, although some are provided by third-party contractors.
Gold Fields Mining Operations
Gold Fields conducts underground mining operations at each site except Tarkwa, Damang and Cerro Corona and conducts some processing of surface rock dump material at KDC, Beatrix and South Deep. Surface rock dump material at Agnew was completed in October 2008. Gold Fields conducts open pit mining at Tarkwa, Damang, St. Ives (which also conducts underground mining) and Cerro Corona and also processes material from production stockpiles at Tarkwa, Damang and St. Ives.
55
Total Operations
The following table details the operating and production results (including gold equivalents) for each of fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009 for all operations owned by Gold Fields during that fiscal year.
Six-Month Period Ended |
||||||||||||||||
Fiscal 2009 | Fiscal 2010 | December 31, 2010 |
Fiscal 2011 | |||||||||||||
Production |
||||||||||||||||
Tons (000) |
52,907 | 56,702 | 29,008 | 59,441 | ||||||||||||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 1.9 | ||||||||||||
Gold produced (000 oz)(1) |
3,691 | 3,841 | 1,983 | 3,697 | ||||||||||||
Results of operations ($ million) |
||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
3,228.3 | 4,164.3 | 2,564.2 | 5,800.1 | ||||||||||||
Total production costs(2) |
2,430.5 | 3,212.4 | 1,892.4 | 3,839.9 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs(3) |
1,986.1 | 2,572.8 | 1,494.6 | 3,084.9 | ||||||||||||
Cash profit(4) |
1,242.2 | 1,591.5 | 1,069.6 | 2,715.2 | ||||||||||||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||||||||||||
Total production costs |
659 | 837 | 953 | 1,039 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
538 | 670 | 753 | 835 | ||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(5) |
763 | 928 | 1,060 | 1,153 |
Notes:
(1) | In fiscal 2009, 3.414 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields, in fiscal 2010, 3.497 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields, in the six month period ended December 31, 2010, 1.806 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields and in fiscal 2011, 3.485 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Ghana and Peru operations during each of those periods. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(4) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
(5) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields NCE to its production costs for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
56
Underground Operations
The following table details the operating and production results for Gold Fields underground operations for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009. The underground operations include all of the mines in the South African operations and the underground portions of the mines in the Australian operations.
Six-Month Period Ended |
||||||||||||||||
Fiscal 2009 | Fiscal 2010 | December 31, 2010 |
Fiscal 2011 | |||||||||||||
Production |
||||||||||||||||
Tons (000) |
11,541 | 11,714 | 6,219 | 11,516 | ||||||||||||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
6.2 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.4 | ||||||||||||
Gold produced (000 oz)(1) |
2,300 | 2,155 | 1,114 | 1,984 | ||||||||||||
Results of operations ($ million) |
||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
2,015.2 | 2,338.3 | 1,432.1 | 3,150.2 | ||||||||||||
Total production costs |
1,508.9 | 2,055.8 | 1,261.0 | 2,770.6 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
1,216.6 | 1,640.0 | 996.8 | 2,268.7 | ||||||||||||
Cash profit(2) |
798.6 | 698.3 | 435.3 | 881.5 | ||||||||||||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||||||||||||
Total production costs |
656 | 954 | 1,132 | 1,397 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
529 | 761 | 894 | 1,144 |
Notes:
(1) | In fiscal 2009, 2.300 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields. In fiscal 2010, all 2.155 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields, in the six month period ended December 31, 2010, 1.078 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields and in fiscal 2011, 1.983 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields. |
(2) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
Tons milled from the underground operations decreased from 11.7 million tons in fiscal 2010 to 11.5 million tons in fiscal 2011. At the South African operations, the decrease was mainly due to reductions in the area mined resulting from wage-related industrial action, changes in mining practice in favor of improved safety and reduced face length available for mining. The amount of gold produced from underground operations decreased from 2.155 million ounces in fiscal 2010 to 1.984 million ounces in fiscal 2011. In addition to the effects of reduced underground volumes mined, this decrease was primarily due to a decline in grade associated with changes to the mining mix.
57
Surface Operations
The following table details the operating and production results (including gold equivalents) for Gold Fields surface operations for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009. Surface operations include all of the mines in the Ghana, Australia and Peru operations, the open pit portions of the mines in the Australian operations and the surface rock dump material at the mines in the South African operation.
Six-Month Period Ended |
||||||||||||||||
Fiscal 2009 | Fiscal 2010 | December 31, 2010 |
Fiscal 2011 | |||||||||||||
Production |
||||||||||||||||
Tons (000) |
41,366 | 44,988 | 22,789 | 47,925 | ||||||||||||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
1.0 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | ||||||||||||
Gold produced (000 oz)(1) |
1,391 | 1,686 | 869 | 1,713 | ||||||||||||
Results of operations ($ million) |
||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
1,231.1 | 1,826.0 | 1,132.1 | 2,649.9 | ||||||||||||
Total production costs |
921.6 | 1,156.6 | 631.0 | 1,069.3 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
769.5 | 932.8 | 497.8 | 816.2 | ||||||||||||
Cash profit(2) |
461.6 | 893.2 | 634.3 | 1,833.7 | ||||||||||||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||||||||||||
Total production costs |
663 | 686 | 726 | 624 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
553 | 553 | 574 | 476 |
Notes:
(1) | In fiscal 2009, 1.114 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields, in fiscal 2010, 1.342 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields, in the six month period ended December 31, 2010, 0.692 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields and in fiscal 2011, 1.502 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Ghana and Peru operations during each period. |
(2) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
Tons milled and treated from the surface operations increased from 45.0 million tons in fiscal 2010 to 47.9 million tons in fiscal 2011, mainly because of acceleration in the treatment of surface rock dump material facilitated through the introduction of the Python mobile processing plant at KDC.
KDC Operation
Introduction
The KDC mine is located in the Gauteng Province of South Africa in the Far West Rand mining district, some 60 kilometers southwest of Johannesburg. It is South Africas largest mine by gold production, with KDC West having produced more than 100 million ounces of gold during its 75 year history. KDC is comprised of the Driefontein and Kloof mines, which were consolidated under a single management team as part of the BPR program.
In fiscal 2011, KDC produced 1.1 million ounces of gold. As of December 31, 2011, KDC had approximately 26,300 employees and approximately 4,000 outside contractors.
History
The Driefontein operation was formed from the consolidation in 1981 of the East Driefontein and West Driefontein mines. Gold mining began at Driefontein in 1952. The Kloof operation was the result of the consolidation of the Kloof, Libanon, Leeudoorn and Venterspost mines. Gold mining began in the area now covered by these operations in 1934.
58
Geology
Geologically, the KDC mine is located on the northwestern and western rims of the Witwatersrand Basin. Three primary reefs are exploited: the Ventersdorp Contact Reef, or VCR, located at the top of the Central Rand Group; the Carbon Leader Reef, or Carbon Leader, near the base; and the Middelvlei Reef, or MVR, which stratigraphically occurs some 50 to 75 meters above the Carbon Leader.
The Driefontein operation is located in the West Wits Line that forms part of the Far West Rand of the Witwatersrand Basin. The operation is geologically divided into an eastern section and a western section, separated by a bank anticline and associated faulting. Gold mineralization at the Driefontein operation is contained within three reef horizons. The Carbon Leader, the VCR, and the MVR, occur at depths of between 500 meters and 4,000 meters. Stratigraphically, the Carbon Leader is situated 40 to 70 meters below the VCR and MVR and is a generally high-grade reef comprising different facies and dips to the south at approximately 25 degrees. The Carbon Leader sub crops against the VCR in the eastern part of the mine. The west-dipping Bank Fault defines the eastern limit of both reefs. The VCR is most extensively developed in the east, and sub crops to the west. The MVR is a secondary reef, situated approximately 50 meters above the Carbon Leader, and, at present, it is a minor contributor to reserves and production. The average gold grades vary with lithofacies changes in all of the reefs.
The Kloof operation lies between the Bank Fault to the west, and the north trending West Rand Fault to the east. The latter truncates the VCR along the eastern boundary of the mine, with a 1- to 1.5-kilometer up throw to the east. Normal faults are developed sub-parallel to the westerly dipping West Rand Fault, with sympathetic north- northeast trending dykes that show little to no apparent offset of the stratigraphy. A conjugate set of faults and dykes occurs on a west-southwest trend, with throws of 1 to 15 meters. Structures that offset the VCR increase in frequency toward the southern portion of the mine as the Bank Fault is approached.
Mining
KDC is comprised of 13 producing shaft systems that mine different contributions from pillars and open ground, five gold plants of which two process mainly underground ore and three process mainly surface material. Older portions of KDC West, which include Shafts No. 2 (West), 6 (West) and 8 (West), production is focused on remnant pillar extraction and accessing and mining of secondary reef horizons. In the southern, newer portions of the mine, which include Shafts No. 1 (West), 4 (West) and 5 (West), the focus is on scattered or closely spaced dip pillar mining. In the far western portion of the mine, at Shafts No. 10 (West) and 6 Tertiary (West), reclamation and cleaning operations are being conducted. The shafts at the deepest levels of the mine, consisting of Shaft No. 1 Tertiary (West) and Shaft No. 5 Sub-Vertical (West), employ the closely spaced dip pillar mining method. This method provides additional mining flexibility. The current preferred mining method at KDC is breast stoping with closely spaced dip pillar mining, with limited application of scattered and remnant pillar mining in the mature areas. Shafts No. 1 (East), 3 (East), 4 (East) and 7 (East) provide the main centers of current production at the KDC East operation.
Additionally at KDC, over the last several years, the planned extraction schedule for the Shaft No. 1 (East) pillar, or the Main Shaft Pillar, in the VCR, was reduced from an initial 6,000 square meters per month to approximately 2,000 square meters in order to decrease seismicity. Recent work by Gold Fields and Groundwork Consulting (Pty) Ltd. indicated that, towards the latter stages of extraction, the sub-vertical shaft barrels would be threatened and would necessitate a replacement infrastructure, hence alternative scenarios that are being reviewed include not mining the inner section of the pillar in order to protect the Main Shaft infrastructure. Moreover, the profile for Shaft No.7 (East) has also been significantly reduced and simulations of building up Shaft No. 4 (East) production to replace the declining Shaft No. 7 (East) profile are underway. Shaft No. 8 (East) is predominantly mining the lower-grade MVR with reduced remnant mining on the VCR horizon.
59
Short-term grade management is well-entrenched at KDC and initiatives to drive the mine call factor, or MCF, and quality mining is in place to help achieve the full potential of the mining grade. The objective of the MCF program is to reduce the gap in grade between the stope face and the plant, by optimizing the size of rock fragments delivered to the plant and ensuring effective cleaning of ore accumulations.
Detailed below are the operating and production results at KDC for fiscal 2011 and the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and the operating and production results for Driefontein and Kloof for fiscal 2010 and 2009.
Fiscal 2009 | Fiscal 2010 | Six-Month Period Ended December 31, 2010 |
Fiscal 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Driefontein | Kloof | |||||||||||||||||||||
Production |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tons (000) |
6,217 | 3,319 | 6,084 | 4,299 | 5,152 | 10,831 | ||||||||||||||||||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
4.2 | 6.0 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 3.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Gold produced (000 oz) |
830 | 643 | 710 | 567 | 634 | 1,100 | ||||||||||||||||||
Results of operations ($ million) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
726.5 | 562.3 | 770.9 | 613.2 | 814.4 | 1,745.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs(1) |
448.7 | 413.7 | 579.1 | 548.4 | 675.0 | 1,309.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs(2) |
373.8 | 328.7 | 490.4 | 435.5 | 545.4 | 1,059.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Cash profit(3) |
352.7 | 233.6 | 280.5 | 177.7 | 269.0 | 685.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs |
541 | 643 | 816 | 968 | 1,065 | 1,190 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
450 | 511 | 691 | 769 | 860 | 963 | ||||||||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(4) |
610 | 698 | 923 | 1,053 | 1,149 | 1,248 |
Notes:
(1) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(3) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
(4) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields NCE to its production costs for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
While no direct comparison can be drawn between the operating and production results of KDC in fiscal 2011 and those of Driefontein and Kloof in fiscal 2010, factors affecting the operating and production results at KDC in fiscal 2011 included changes implemented under the BPR program, safety related stoppages and industrial action.
The KDC operation is engaged in both underground and rock dump mining, and is thus subject to all of the underground and rock dump mining risks discussed in Risk Factors. The primary safety challenges facing the KDC underground operation include falls of ground, seismicity, flammable gas, water intrusion and temperatures. Water intrusion is dealt with through drilling, cementation sealing techniques and an extensive
60
water-pumping network. Also, because rock temperatures tend to increase with depth, KDC requires an extensive cooling infrastructure. Gold Fields seeks to reduce the impact of seismicity at KDC by using the closely spaced dip pillar mining method. Early detection and increased ventilation of the shafts are being used to minimize the risk of incidents caused by flammable gas. Additionally, KDC has instituted a number of initiatives to reduce the risks posed by seismicity, including a detailed analysis of previous seismic events, precondition blasting and backfilling, the use of a support system to reduce the impact of seismic ground motion and to monitor seismic risk parameters to allow quicker reactions to changes. Centralized blasting systems have also been installed to allow better control of blasting so that most of the mine seismicity is triggered during off-shift periods. In addition, during fiscal 2009, the Driefontein operation adopted a revised stope support standard in all areas with friable hang wall and in areas that have the Westonaria Formation Lava hang wall. Continued reviews of remnant and pillar mining areas were also conducted during the year leading to the stoppage of extraction at numerous higher risk areas across the mine. These stoppages reduced the falls of ground incidents, improving mine safety. The Driefontein operation contracted with external seismologists and rock engineers as a seismic task team to assess and improve seismic strategies.
As a result of the electricity stoppages experienced in 2008, and capital allocation decisions, sinking operations at Shaft No. 9 (West) were suspended indefinitely. In the interim, KDC will continue with the drilling program in the area below the lowest area currently being mined, targeting the area expected to be accessed by Shaft No. 9 (West). Gold Fields is also conducting an optimization study on mining below current infrastructure. This study is currently investigating a viable alternative to the Shaft No. 9 (West) project, such as a phased mini-decline system.
KDC continued to process low-grade surface material in fiscal 2011, for which the biggest risk is a decrease in grade of the remaining dumps. Grade management is undertaken through the screening of material to separate out the smaller fraction sizes of ore, which tend to be of higher grade. This process reduces the tonnage that will be available for processing. The surface operation safety risks include problems with ground stability, moving machinery and dust generation. KDC has a risk management system in place that guides the mining of the rock dumps to minimize these risks.
In total, during fiscal 2011, there were 13 fatalities at KDC. Of these, five were due to seismic related falls of ground, five resulted from gravity related falls of ground, two related to tramming operations and one related to a person falling from height. On a calendar year basis, the lost time injury frequency rate (see Defined Terms and Conventions) for fiscal 2011 was 7.95 lost time injuries for every million hours worked, as compared to a lost time injury frequency rate of 6.31 for calendar 2010 and 5.26 for calendar 2009. The fatal injury frequency rates for fiscal 2011, fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009 were 0.17, 0.13 and 0.24 fatalities for every million hours worked, respectively. Since December 31, 2011, there have been two fatalities to date. A major source of accidents in the mine remains falls of ground, which make up approximately 28% of all accidents. KDC has embarked on a risk management approach whereby significant risks, such as falls of ground, are reviewed by a dedicated committee of specialists and representatives. Aspects such as accident and incident trends, leading practices within the mining industry, as well as lessons learned from internal and external sources, are considered when compiling codes of practice, mine standards and training lesson plans. KDC has on four occasions during the year, achieved the milestone of one million fatality-free shifts, with three of its major producing shafts achieving a fatality-free fiscal 2011. KDC achieved its Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series, or OHSAS 18001 certification, through external audits conducted in fiscal 2011.
During fiscal 2011, after each major mine incident or accident, KDC received, and complied with, various instructions to halt operations from the Principal Inspector of the Gauteng area of the DMR. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployeesSafety.
61
During fiscal 2011, there was one mine-wide work stoppage, related to wage negotiations, that affected production at KDC. This industry-wide strike affected KDC for four days with a DMR stoppage extending the work stoppage to six days in total. The total shaft hoisting capacity of KDC is detailed below.
Shaft System |
Hoisting capacity |
|||
(tons/month) | ||||
No. 1 (West) |
105,000 | |||
No. 2 (West) |
205,000 | |||
No. 4 (West)(2) |
57,000 | |||
No. 5 (West) |
159,000 | |||
No. 6 (West)(1) |
66,000 | |||
No. 7 (West) |
| |||
No. 8 (West) |
66,000 | |||
No. 10 (West)(1) |
| |||
No. 1 (East) |
91,000 | |||
No. 3 (East)(2) |
76,500 | |||
No. 4 (East) |
82,000 | |||
No. 7 (East) |
136,000 | |||
No. 8 (East) |
73,600 |
Notes:
(1) | Shafts No. 6 Tertiary (West) and 10 (West) are currently only operated on a limited scale, with the focus on reclamation and cleaning. |
(2) | These shafts do not hoist material to the surface. The hoisting capacity refers to sub-surface hoisting. |
Assuming that Gold Fields does not increase or decrease reserve estimates at KDC and that there are no changes to the current mine plan at KDC, KDCs December 31, 2011 proven and probable reserves of 16.6 million ounces (13.3 million ounces if excluding surface sources) of gold will be sufficient to maintain production through approximately fiscal 2028. However, as discussed earlier in Risk Factors and Mine Planning and Management, there are numerous factors which can affect reserve estimates and the mine plan, which thus could materially change the life of mine. KDC achieved full compliance certification under the International Cyanide Management Code in October 2009.
Processing
The following table sets forth year commissioned, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, as well as average tons milled per month and metallurgical recovery factors during fiscal 2011, for each of the plants at KDC:
Processing Techniques
Plant |
Year commissioned(1) |
Comminution phase |
Treatment phase |
Capacity(2) | Average milled for fiscal 2011 |
Approximate recovery factor for fiscal 2011(5) |
||||||||||||||
(tons/month) | (tons/month) | |||||||||||||||||||
KDC West DP 1 |
1972 | SAG milling | CIP treatment and electrowinning |
255,000 | 221,750 | 97 | % | |||||||||||||
KDC West DP 2 |
1964 | SAG/ball milling | CIP treatment(3) | 200,000 | 197,853 | 91 | % | |||||||||||||
KDC West DP 3 |
1998 | SAG milling | CIP treatment(3) | 115,000 | 96,424 | 90 | % | |||||||||||||
KDC East KP 1 |
1968 | Pebble milling | CIP treatment(4) | 170,000 | 174,135 | 91 | % | |||||||||||||
KDC East KP 2 |
1989 | SAG milling | CIP treatment and electrowinning |
162,000 | 167,622 | 98 | % | |||||||||||||
KDC East Python 1(4) |
2011 | Crushing | Flotation | 71,000 | 39,873 | |
87 |
% |
62
Notes:
(1) | KDC West DP 1 was substantially upgraded in fiscal 2004, and KDC West DP 2 was substantially upgraded in fiscal 2003. KDC West DP 3 was originally commissioned as a uranium plant and was upgraded to a gold plant in 1998. Therefore, KDC West DP 3 lists the year commissioned as a gold plant. |
(2) | Nameplate capacity. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
(3) | After CIP treatment, electrowinning occurs at KDC West DP 1 or KDC East KP 2. |
(4) | KDC East Python 1 commissioned during 2011. |
(5) | Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percent. |
In fiscal 2011, the KDC plants collectively extracted approximately 97% of the gold contained in ore delivered for processing.
Capital Expenditure
Gold Fields spent approximately $319 million on capital expenditures at the KDC operation in fiscal 2011, primarily on the Shaft No. 4 (West) pillar extraction, metallurgical growth plant, residential upgrades, and ore reserve development. Gold Fields has budgeted approximately $333 million of capital expenditures at KDC for fiscal 2012, principally for the Shaft No. 5 (West) decline development, Shaft No. 4 (East) expansion, and ore reserve development.
Beatrix Operation
Introduction
The Beatrix operation is located in the Free State Province of South Africa, some 240 kilometers southwest of Johannesburg, near Welkom and Virginia, and comprises the Beatrix mine. Beatrix operates under mining rights covering a total area of approximately 16,800 hectares. Beatrix is an underground only operation. Beatrix has four shaft systems, with five ventilation shafts to provide additional up-cast and down-cast ventilation capacity and is serviced by two metallurgical plants. It is a shallow to intermediate-depth mining operation, at depths between 700 meters and 2,200 meters below surface. The Beatrix mine has access to the national electricity grid and water, road and rail infrastructure and is located near regional urban centers where it can routinely obtain needed supplies. In fiscal 2011, Beatrix produced 0.347 million ounces of gold. As of December 31, 2011, Beatrix had approximately 9,200 employees and approximately 1,000 outside contractors.
History
Beatrixs present scope of operations is the result of the consolidation with effect from July 1, 1999 of two adjacent mines: Beatrix and Oryx. Gold mining commenced at Beatrix in 1985 and at Oryx in 1991.
Geology
The Beatrix mine exploits the Beatrix Reef, or BXR, at Shafts No. 1, 2 and 3, and the Kalkoenkrans Reef, or KKR, at Shaft No. 4 (the former Oryx mine). The reefs are developed on the Aandenk erosional surface and dip to the north and northeast at between four degrees and nine degrees.
In general, the BXR occurs at depths of between 570 meters and 1,380 meters and the KKR occurs at depths of between 1,800 meters and 2,200 meters. Both the BXR and KKR reefs are markedly channelized and consist of multi-cycle, upward fining conglomerate beds with sharp erosive basal contacts. A general east-west trending pay-zone, some 500 to 800 meters wide, has been identified east of Shaft No. 4 and is known as the main channel
63
Zone 2. In addition, surface exploratory drilling, and underground development has confirmed the reserves to the south of Beatrixs Shaft No. 4 main channel in Zone 5, which now represents the majority of the reserves at the operation. Ongoing development and underground exploration drilling has continued over the past fiscal year so that all facies and structures have been updated and layouts and planning adapted. All new information is used as part of customary mine planning practices.
Mining
Beatrix is managed as three operational sections: the North Section (comprising Shaft No. 3), the South Section (comprising Shaft No. 2 and Shaft No. 1) and the West Section (comprising Shaft No. 4). No shafts were closed or opened in fiscal 2011.
Mining at Beatrix is based upon a scattered mining method with the North Section being the primary source of production. Focus on increasing development volumes at Shafts No. 3 and No. 4 to provide future mining flexibility and ore body definition remains essential at Beatrix. However, cessation of activities on some levels, as well as delays associated with water intersections and secondary support upgrading, resulted in a 21% decrease in main development volumes at Beatrix in fiscal 2011, as compared to fiscal 2010. The emphasis on development volumes is planned to continue in fiscal 2012. Overall stoping volumes per month at Beatrix decreased by 13% between fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2011.
During fiscal 2011, development and stoping volumes were in line with expectations but were lower year on year due to a national strike and safety related stoppages. The overall mining grade at the North Section declined between fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2011 and gold output was affected by the lower mine call factor, or MCF, and lower volumes mined. Beatrix continues to seek to improve the MCF at the mine. The power source being used for a variety of activities including drilling is primarily hydropower, as opposed to compressed air, with a majority of the mining equipment being run off a high-pressure water system. The benefits of the system include improved cooling underground, improved machine efficiency, lower noise levels and less electrical power usage.
The performance at Shaft No. 4 did not meet expectations in fiscal 2011, primarily as a result of lower than planned volumes mined and a lower MCF, offset by higher values mined.
In fiscal 2011, ongoing improvements were made to rail tracks and ventilation conditions, to increase the logistics capacity and support future mining volumes, and they are expected to continue in fiscal 2012. Lower-grade and marginal mining activities continued to be curtailed at Beatrix in fiscal 2011, despite the increasing gold price, as the mine plans to maintain operating margins.
Beatrix requires cooling infrastructure to maintain an underground working environment conducive to health and safety for workers at depth. The mine therefore has a refrigeration and cooling infrastructure in both its North and West Sections. The cooling infrastructure in the West Section consists of two bulk air coolers on surface. In the Zone 5 mining area, it consists of two bulk air coolers and some strategically placed cooling coils, and, in the North Section, it consists of a surface bulk air cooler constructed at Shaft No. 3.
Based on the higher gold price received and in anticipation of improving gold prices in the longer term, a number of incremental expansion opportunities are being examined at Beatrix. Initial development work on the Vlakpan project area commenced in fiscal 2008 which involves an extension of access levels from the infrastructure of Shaft No. 1 and Shaft No. 3. The down dip extension project to access ground below the bottom level of Shaft No. 3 has been revised due the hoisting constraint at Shaft No. 3. Selected high grade areas below current infrastructure will now be mined via winches extending below the current infrastructure.
64
Detailed below are the operating and production results at Beatrix for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009.
Fiscal 2009 |
Fiscal 2010 |
Six-Month Period Ended December 31, 2010 |
Fiscal 2011 | |||||||||||||
Production |
||||||||||||||||
Tons (000) |
2,991 | 3,051 | 1,965 | 3,817 | ||||||||||||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
4.1 | 4.0 | 3.2 | 2.8 | ||||||||||||
Gold produced (000 oz) |
391 | 392 | 202 | 347 | ||||||||||||
Results of operations ($ million) |
||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
339.1 | 424.6 | 259.1 | 555.4 | ||||||||||||
Total production costs(1) |
267.7 | 364.0 | 213.2 | 409.9 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs(2) |
217.7 | 290.3 | 175.3 | 335.9 | ||||||||||||
Cash profit(3) |
121.4 | 134.3 | 83.8 | 219.5 | ||||||||||||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||||||||||||
Total production costs |
684 | 929 | 1,056 | 1,182 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
557 | 741 | 868 | 969 | ||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(4) |
757 | 985 | 1,098 | 1,221 |
Notes:
(1) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2009Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2009Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(3) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
(4) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields NCE to its production costs for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
Total tons milled increased from 3.05 million tons to 3.82 million tons as the decrease in underground tonnage milled from fiscal 2010 to fiscal 2011 was primarily due to hoisting constraints at Shaft No. 3 during the first half of the year, offset by low grade material (selected underground and surface dump waste) processed at No. 2 plant partially offset by a decrease in underground tonnage milled which was caused by hoisting constraints at Shaft No. 3 during the first half of the year. Gold production was lower in fiscal 2011 and the overall recovered grade in fiscal 2011 decreased compared to fiscal 2010 due to the milling of the lower grade material from surface.
Beatrix processed 1.4 million tons of low grade material during the year and is expected to process more of its low-grade dumps during fiscal 2012 by milling and treating incremental underground waste from the West Section, and selected waste from the northern waste dump at the West Section. The increase in total cash costs per ounce of gold and total production costs per ounce of gold between fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2011 resulted primarily from increases in labor and electricity costs.
65
Current mine planning and project implementation have taken these power cost increases into account and are aligned with power availability. Beatrix participates in the BPR program to, among other things, reduce energy and utility consumption. Beatrix also participates in a carbon credit program, whereby it will earn carbon emission reduction credits by extracting underground methane. Such methane can also be used to generate electricity.
See Risk FactorsPower stoppages, fluctuations and power cost increases may adversely affect Gold Fields results of operations and its financial condition.
The Beatrix mine is engaged in underground and surface mining, and thus is subject to all of the underground and surface mining risks discussed in Risk Factors. The primary safety risks at Beatrix are falls of ground, tramming accidents, winches, ventilation control and flammable gas explosions. Beatrix does experience seismic events and, while the seismic risk is much lower at Beatrix than it is at KDC, the operation manages these events with a seismic network consisting of several geophones.
In February 2009, Beatrix introduced Khuseleka (be protected) phase II, which consist of a two day theory and practical training course to improve supervisors understanding of certain safety requirements such as risk assessment, planned inspections and observations, and communication. The focus remains on the predominant causes of incidents, namely falls of ground, tramming and winches/rigging, which are part of a formal remedial action tracking system. Methane hazard awareness training also remains an area of focus. During fiscal 2011, following two surveillance audits, Beatrix retained its OHSAS 18001 certification. Beatrix achieved one million fatality free shifts during fiscal 2011, as well as a 28% improvement in all injury rates.
The mine has an ongoing methane management system which includes the declaration by competent ventilation staff of certain locations as hazardous, methane emission rate monitoring, ongoing awareness campaigns as well as the deployment of gas, velocity and fan sensors connected to an electronic telemetry system to act as early warning. These safety systems are monitored on a 24-hour basis from a central control room from which action is taken in the event of alarm.
Although there were five fatalities at Beatrix in fiscal 2011, Beatrix experienced no shaft closures for any material length of time due to accidents. One fatality was the result of a scraper winch accident, two fatalities resulted from gravity related falls of ground, one fatality was due to drilling into a misfire and the other fatality was the result of a rail bound equipment accident. On a calendar year basis, the lost time injury frequency rate (See Defined Terms and Conventions) for fiscal 2011 was 2.95 lost time injuries for every million hours worked compared to 3.31 in calendar 2010 and 3.92 in calendar 2009. In fiscal 2011, the fatal injury frequency rate was 0.19 fatalities for every million hours worked, while the rate was 0.18 in fiscal 2010 and 0.10 in fiscal 2009. Since December 31, 2011, there have been two fatalities at Beatrix to date.
In fiscal 2011, Beatrix was affected by a work stoppage for five days when the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) called for a national stayaway. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployeesLabor RelationsSouth Africa.
The total shaft hoisting capacities of Beatrix are detailed below.
Shaft System |
Hoisting capacity |
|||
(tons/month) | ||||
No. 1 |
138,000 | |||
No. 2 |
138,000 | |||
No. 3 |
170,000 | |||
No. 4 |
120,000 |
66
Assuming that Gold Fields does not increase or decrease reserves estimates at Beatrix and that there are no changes to the current life of mine plan, Beatrixs December 31, 2011 proven and probable reserves of 5.0 million ounces of gold will be sufficient to maintain production through to approximately fiscal 2025. However, as discussed earlier in Risk Factors and Mine Planning and Management, there are numerous factors which can affect reserve estimates and the mine plan, which could thus materially change the life of mine.
Beatrix achieved full compliance certification under the International Cyanide Management Code in July 2009.
Processing
The following table sets forth the year of commissioning, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, as well as average tons milled per month and metallurgical recovery factor during fiscal 2011, for each of the plants at Beatrix.
Processing Techniques
Plant |
Year commissioned |
Comminution phase |
Treatment phase |
Capacity(1) | Average milled for fiscal 2011 |
Approximate recovery factor for fiscal 2011(2) |
||||||||||||||||||
(tons/month) | (tons/month) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
No. 1 Plant |
1983 | SAG milling | CIP treatment | 246,000 | 204,000 | 96 | % | |||||||||||||||||
No. 2 Plant |
1992 | SAG milling | CIP treatment | 130,000 | 115,000 | 93 | % |
Notes: |
(1) | Nameplate capacity. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
(2) | Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percent. |
In fiscal 2011, the Beatrix plants collectively extracted approximately 95.4% of gold contained in ore delivered for processing. In fiscal 2004, Gold Fields installed a Knelson concentrator at the No. 1 Plant which removes gold earlier in the metallurgical process. A gravity concentrating circuit, which was commissioned in November 2006, was installed at No. 2 Plant in order to reduce locked-up gold in the mills and to improve the overall recovery. These improvements to capacity are expected to remain effective going forward.
Capital Expenditure
Gold Fields spent approximately $85 million on capital expenditures at the Beatrix operation in fiscal 2011, primarily on ore reserve development, upgrade to rail infrastructure from high-volume stoping areas, continuing infrastructure development at Shaft No. 3, hydropower equipment, changes to employee hostel accommodations. Gold Fields expects to spend approximately $92 million on capital expenditures at Beatrix in fiscal 2012, primarily on ore reserve development, upgrades to rail infrastructure, continuing hostel accommodation changes, and the continuing infrastructure development at Shaft No. 3.
South Deep Operation
Introduction
Gold Fields acquired control of South Deep on December 1, 2006. South Deep is situated adjacent to KDC, in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. South Deep is a capital project and remains a developing mine where the permanent infrastructure to support expanded production is currently under construction. During calendar 2010, the DMR approved the conversion of the South Deep old order mining rights into a new order mining right. Included in this approval was an additional portion of ground known as Uncle Harrys, which is contiguous
67
to South Deep. The cumulative effect of this approval, together with the previous conversions for the KDC and Beatrix mines granted in January 2007, is that all of Gold Fields South African mines have now received their new order mining rights.
South Deep is engaged in underground mining and is comprised of one metallurgical plant and two operating shaft systems, the older South Shaft complex and the newer Twin Shaft complex. The South Shaft complex includes a main shaft and three sub-vertical (SV) shafts, two of which are operational. SV2 is used to hoist rock with SV3 being used to transport personnel and materials. SV1 is on care and maintenance and only the upper half of the shaft is accessible as shaft sidewall failure damaged the lower portion of the shaft prior to acquisition by Gold Fields. The Twin Shaft complex consists of a single-barrel main shaft and an adjacent bratticed ventilation shaft, or the Twins Main Ventilation Shaft. While the Twin Shaft complex forms the center of production and capital development activities, opening up, equipping and diamond drilling operations are being conducted in the South Shaft area in order to access new mining areas. The South Shaft complex operates to a depth of 2,650 meters below surface and the Twin Shaft complex operates to a depth of 2,995 meters below surface. South Deeps workings are at depth and therefore require a significant cooling infrastructure. The South Deep operation has access to the national electricity grid, water, and road infrastructure and is located near regional urban centers where it can obtain needed supplies and services. In fiscal 2011, South Deep produced 0.273 million ounces of gold. As of December 31, 2011, South Deep employed approximately 3,500 employees and approximately 3,800 contractors.
History
The current South Deep operations derive from the Barrick GoldWestern Areas Joint Venture, which Gold Fields acquired in a series of transactions in the second and third quarters of fiscal 2007. The Barrick GoldWestern Areas Joint Venture is named the South Deep Joint Venture.
Geology
Gold mineralization at South Deep is hosted by conglomerates of the Upper Elsburg reefs and the VCR. The Upper Elsburg reefs sub-crop against the VCR in a Northeasterly trend, which defines their western limits. To the east of the sub-crop, the Upper Elsburg reefs are preserved in an easterly diverging sedimentary wedge attaining a total thickness of approximately 120 meters, which is subdivided into the lower Individuals and the overlying Massives. To the west of the sub-crop, only the VCR is preserved.
The stratigraphic units at South Deep generally dip southward at approximately 12 to 15 degrees and the gold- bearing reefs occur at depths of 1,500 meters to 3,500 meters below surface.
Production at South Deep is currently derived from the Upper Elsburg Reefs. In general terms, the Upper Elsburg succession represents an easterly prograding sedimentary sequence, with the Massives containing higher gold grades and showing more proximal sedimentological attributes in the eastern sector of the mining authorization than the underlying Individuals. The sedimentary parameters of the Upper Elsburg reef units influence the overall tenor of the reefs with gold grade displaying a gradual, general decrease toward the East, away from the sub crop.
The North-South trending normal West Rand and Panvlakte faults, which converge on the Western side of the lease area, are the most significant large-scale faults in the area and form the western limit to gold mineralization for the mine.
Mining
At South Deep the main target reef horizon is the Upper Elsburg Massives zone. South Deep uses trackless mechanized mining methods comprising an array of techniques and mobile machines to achieve the most efficient extraction system for any given area in the ore body.
68
In order to effectively mine the target reefs through massive mining methods at depths between 2,500 and 3,500 meters below surface, the in situ rock stresses need to be reduced from 80Mpa to between 30 and 40Mpa. To achieve this, it is necessary to de-stress the main target reef horizons by mining a 2.2 meter high horizontal slice through the ore body at 17 meter intervals. This is achieved through mechanized mining methods using low profile equipment.
Once an area has been de-stressed, the Elsburg Massives can then be mined through a combination of long hole open stoping, drift-and-fill and drift-and-benching mining methods. During fiscal 2011, the mine successfully continued its trials of long hole stoping at various areas across the mine. As a result, long hole stoping is expected to be a major component of production going forward.
As a developing mine, South Deep is being prepared to ramp up production to 330,000 tons per month by the end of 2015. During fiscal 2011, reef production at South Deep stabilized at approximately 130,000 tons per month. Simultaneously, the development of the infrastructure necessary for the New Mine area continues at a steady pace.
In order to achieve the planned ramp up, efforts are focused on completing adequate de-stress mining to ensure that adequate stoping reserves are available for mining. Significant progress was made in fiscal 2011, and there are currently nine de-stress project areas established and mining compared to five in fiscal 2010.
The Twin Ventilation shaft sinking has been substantially completed with a two meter plug remaining. The new rock winder for the Twin Ventilation shaft has been installed and is on track for full commissioning by July 2012. The new tailings storage facility, or TSF, required at South Deep for the life of mine production, has been completed and was handed over to the mine operational team in May 2011. The near mine surface exploration program for the New Mine project is 82% complete, with the last drill hole expected by August 2013. Capital development rates below the current mining area have improved with 9,463 meters completed to date. The earthworks and civil construction for the Metallurgical plant expansion has commenced and is progressing well.
South Deep secured continuity in the mining operations through the implementation of a two-blasting-shift-day and seven day operational week beginning in fiscal 2010. This intervention has supported the production levels achieved at the mine in fiscal 2011. Progress is also being made on removing hoisting and infrastructure constraints, and implementing systems and procedures that will support the mine at full production. Detailed below are the operating and production results at South Deep for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009.
Six-Month Period Ended |
||||||||||||||||
Fiscal 2009 | Fiscal 2010 | December 31, 2010 |
Fiscal 2011 | |||||||||||||
Production |
||||||||||||||||
Tons (000) |
1,241 | 1,681 | 1,101 | 2,440 | ||||||||||||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
4.4 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 3.5 | ||||||||||||
Gold produced (000 oz) |
175 | 265 | 146 | 273 | ||||||||||||
Results of operations ($ million) |
||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
155.2 | 288.7 | 188.2 | 427.5 | ||||||||||||
Total production costs(1) |
157.6 | 276.3 | 175.5 | 370.6 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs(2) |
125.3 | 216.1 | 137.5 | 293.0 | ||||||||||||
Cash profit(3) |
29.9 | 72.6 | 50.7 | 134.5 | ||||||||||||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||||||||||||
Total production costs |
902 | 1,043 | 1,200 | 1,357 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
717 | 816 | 940 | 1,073 | ||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(4) |
1,403 | 1,640 | 1,914 | 2,092 |
69
Notes:
(1) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(3) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
(4) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields NCE to its production costs for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
The increase in tonnage and gold production was due primarily to the continued build-up in mining production through an increase in long hole stoping and benching, and the milling of low grade surface material. Higher productivity partly offset rising cash costs that resulted primarily from the planned increase in labor in line with the project build-up, wage and normal inflationary increases.
South Deep is engaged in underground mining and is thus subject to all of the underground mining risks discussed in Risk Factors. The primary safety issues facing South Deep underground operations include seismicity (including seismically induced falls of ground), falls of ground due to gravity and the risk of pedestrians being struck by mobile equipment. Aerial support has been installed to prevent falls of ground. Strict adherence to safe operating practices and procedures are enforced to prevent pedestrians being struck by mobile equipment. In addition, all vehicles and employees lamps are being fitted with sensors to prevent employees from being struck by trackless mobile machines. South Deep is mitigating the seismic risks through de-stress mining, the application of backfill and leaving of regional support pillars. In addition, mechanized mining requires fewer workers and reduces the exposure of employees to higher risk areas. South Deep is using a one-pass mesh and bolt ground reinforcement and support system which greatly reduces the incidence of falls of ground.
Gold Fields power needs in South Africa are increasing as it builds up production and prepares for the development of long-term infrastructure at its South Deep mine. Eskom has agreed to the additional power requirements for the build up and is installing additional transformers and transmission lines. Annual power cost increases in excess of inflation have been approved by the national energy regulator until fiscal 2013, and the next three-year Multi Year Pricing Agreement is under discussion. In order to mitigate the cost impact, numerous power saving projects have been initiated to reduce power consumption by 5% in fiscal 2012.
On a calendar year basis, the lost time injury frequency rate (see Defined Terms and Conventions) for fiscal 2011 was 1.67 injuries for every million hours worked, as compared to 2.87 in calendar 2010 and 2.74 in calendar 2009. The fatal injury frequency rate in fiscal 2011 was 0.04 fatalities for every million hours worked compared to 0.07 in fiscal 2010 and 0.08 in fiscal 2009. There was one fatality at the South Deep operation in fiscal 2011 related to a shaft accident. Since December 31, 2011, there have been no fatalities. South Deep conducts regular audits on its safety systems and performance in order to highlight areas of risk. The mine has formulated a comprehensive safety improvement plan, which involves all stakeholders. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaHealth and Safety.
There was one labor-related work stoppage at South Deep in fiscal 2011. Industrial action as a result of a deadlock in the annual wage negotiations commenced on Thursday, July 28, 2011, and work only recommenced on Tuesday, August 2, 2011.
70
Both the ISO 14001:2004 Environmental Management System and the OHSAS 18001 certifications were successfully maintained in fiscal 2011. South Deeps certification under the International Cyanide Management Code which it received in December 2008 was reviewed in October 2011. In December 2011, South Deep received its water use license.
The total shaft hoisting capacities of South Deep are detailed below.
Shaft System |
Hoisting capacity |
|||
(tons/month) | ||||
Twins Main Shaft |
175,000 | |||
Twins Main Ventilation Shaft(1) |
195,000 | |||
SV2 Shaft(2) |
60,000 | |||
South Main Shaft(3) |
60,000 |
Notes:
(1) | The Twins Main ventilation shaft is under construction and is planned to have a hoisting capacity of 195,000 tons/month once commissioned at the end of fiscal 2012. |
(2) | This sub vertical shaft is currently being refurbished and does not hoist material to the surface. It has a capacity of 60,000 tons per month for sub-surface hoisting during the repair process. Material from SV2 is hoisted to the surface via the South Main Shaft. Therefore, the South Shaft complex has a current combined hoisting capacity of 60,000 tons per month. |
(3) | This shaft is currently being refurbished and has a capacity of 60,000 tons per month during the repair process. |
Assuming that Gold Fields does not materially increase or decrease reserves estimates at South Deep and that there are no significant changes to the life of mine plan, South Deeps December 31, 2011 proven and probable managed reserves of 39.6 million ounces (approximately 36.6 of which are attributable to Gold Fields, with the rest attributable to noncontrolling shareholders) will be sufficient to maintain production through to approximately fiscal 2080. However, as discussed earlier in Risk Factors and Mine Planning and Management, there are numerous factors which can affect reserve estimates and the mine plan, which could thus materially change the life of mine.
Processing
All processing at South Deep is provided by a single plant. The following table sets forth year commissioned, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, as well as average tons milled per month and metallurgical recovery factors during fiscal 2011 for the plant.
Processing Techniques
Plant |
Year commissioned |
Comminution phase |
Treatment phase |
Capacity(1) | Average milled for fiscal 2011 |
Approximate recovery factor for fiscal 2011(2)(3) |
||||||||||||||
(tons/month) | (tons/month) | |||||||||||||||||||
Twin Shaft Plant |
2002 | Primary SAG and Secondary Ball milling |
Leach, CIP treatment with elution and electrowinning |
220,000 | 200,000 | (2) | 95.2 | %(4) |
Notes:
(1) | Nameplate capacity as designed. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
(2) | Excludes Kloof low grade surface material. |
(3) | Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percent. |
(4) | Includes carbonaceous low recovery surface material. |
71
During fiscal 2011, the South Deep plant treated an average of 0.2 million tons per month (excluding Kloof mine toll treatment) consisting of an average of 167,000 tons per month of underground material and 31,000 tons per month of surface material from South Deep. Currently, the plant capacity is being upgraded from 220,000 tons per month to 330,000 tons per month. This upgrade is expected to be completed during the second half of 2012.
During fiscal 2011, 21% by mass of the annual tons milled was returned underground as backfill with the remainder sent to the TSF. The new full plant backfill tailings plant scheduled for commissioning in 2012 will be able to recover up to 78% by mass of the annual tons milled to be returned underground as backfill. The old TSFs were decommissioned in September 2011 and a care and maintenance program was introduced. The first deposit on the newly constructed Doornpoort TSF was in April 2011, becoming fully operational in September 2011. The new TSF has a capacity for the life of the mine.
Capital Expenditure
Gold Fields spent approximately $275 million on capital expenditures at the South Deep operation in fiscal 2011, primarily on continuing the infrastructure development, ventilation shaft deepening and the new tailings dam facility. Gold Fields expects to spend approximately $318 million on capital expenditures at South Deep in fiscal 2012, primarily on development, ventilation shaft deepening, the upgrade of the metallurgical plant to 330,000 tons per month and the full plant tailings backfill system.
Ghana Operations
The Ghana operations are comprised of the Tarkwa and Damang mines.
Tarkwa Mine
Introduction
Gold Fields Ghana, which holds the interest in the Tarkwa mine, was owned 71.1% by Gold Fields, 18.9% by IAMGold and 10.0% by the government of Ghana. On June 22, 2011, Gold Fields acquired the indirect 18.9% minority stake from IAMGold in the Tarkwa and Damang gold mines in Ghana, for a cash consideration of U.S.$667 million, increasing Gold Fields interest in each of the Tarkwa and Damang gold mines from 71.1% to 90.0%, the remaining 10.0% interest being held by the government of Ghana.
The Tarkwa mine is located in southwestern Ghana, about 300 kilometers by road west of Accra. The Tarkwa mine consists of several open pit operations on the original Tarkwa property and the adjacent southern portion of the property, which was formerly referred to as the Teberebie property and was acquired by Gold Fields in August 2000, together with a heap leach facility, referred to as the North Plant Heap Leach Facility. A new SAG mill and CIL plant commenced continuous operations at the Tarkwa property in November 2004. In December 2008, the expanded CIL plant was commissioned and the stacking of new ore at the South Plant Heap Leach Facility was terminated, although gold harvesting for the existing heaps will continue while it is economically viable. The expansion of the CIL Plant to incorporate a ball mill in close circuit with the SAG mill doubled the capacity of the CIL Plant to 12.3 million tons treated annually. In fiscal 2010, a High Pressure Grinding Rolls Facility was commissioned to re-treat stockpile material and to test the viability of re-treating the South Heap. The capacity of the facility is 3.3 million tons per annum. The total treatment capacity including both the North Plant, the High Pressure Grinding Roll Facility and the CIL Plant is estimated to be 24 million tons per annum.
The Tarkwa mine operates under mining leases with a total area of approximately 20,800 hectares, the entirety of which are surface operations. The Tarkwa mine has access to the national electricity grid, water, road and railroad infrastructure. Most supplies are trucked in from either the nearest seaport, which is approximately
72
90 kilometers away by road in Takoradi, or from Tema near Accra, which is approximately 300 kilometers away by road. In fiscal 2011, Tarkwa produced 0.717 million ounces of gold, of which 0.576 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in Gold Fields Ghana. As of December 31, 2011, Tarkwa had approximately 2,600 employees and approximately 1,700 outside contractors.
Gold Fields is committed to sustainable development and acquiring and maintaining a social license to operate in each of the regions in which it operates. As part of this commitment, the Gold Fields Ghana Foundation supports a wide range of projects in the fields of social and economic development, education, and health.
History
Investment in large-scale mining in the Tarkwa area commenced in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. In 1993, Gold Fields of South Africa, or GFSA, took over an area previously operated by the State Gold Mining Corporation, or SGMC. SGMC had, in turn, acquired the property from private companies owned by European investors. Following initial drilling, feasibility studies and project development (which included the removal of overburden and the resettlement of approximately 22,000 people), mining operations commenced in 1997.
Geology
Gold mineralization at Tarkwa is hosted by Proterozoic Tarkwaian metasediments, which overlie but do not conform to a Birimian greenstone belt sequence. Gold mineralization is concentrated in conglomerate reefs and has some similarities to deposits in the Witwatersrand Basin in South Africa. The deposit comprises a succession of stacked, tabular paleoplacer units consisting of quartz pebble conglomerates. Approximately 10 such separate economic units occur in the concession area within a sedimentary package ranging from 40 meters to 110 meters in thickness. Low-grade to barren quartzite units are interlayered between the separate reef units.
Mining
The existing surface operation currently exploits narrow auriferous conglomerates from six pits, namely Pepe, Akontansi, Teberebie, Atuabo, Maintrain and Kottraverchy. Two pits, Atuabo and Maintrain were previously temporarily suspended whilst the VRA substation was being relocated. The substation has since been commissioned and mining has resumed.
Tarkwa uses the typical open pit mining methods of drilling, blasting, loading and hauling. The progression of blasting in the open pit occurs in steps of six meters (or in some cases three meters) with the ore loaded into 144-ton dump trucks.
Tarkwa currently presents no unusual challenges beyond those faced at most open pit and heap leaching mining operations, including variations in amenability of ores to heap leaching. However, harder ores are expected at Tarkwa which could reduce throughput and recoverable grade at the north heap leach plant. As yet, throughput has not been affected, but heap leach recoveries declined from 75% in fiscal 2010 to 67% in fiscal 2011 as a result of the increase in competent ore, which is less amenable to heap leaching. The operational challenges during the year consisted of increased haul distances and pit depths resulting from greater than expected climatic delays due to heavy rainfall, along with increased fleet capacity and upgrading infrastructure. Due to the hardness of the ore, Tarkwa has focused on operational efficiency and throughput rates through ongoing business improvement initiatives. Additionally, the a secondary crushing circuit in the CIL plant is currently being commissioned, to counteract the impact of the harder ore on the current CIL throughput rate.
73
Detailed below are the operating and production results at Tarkwa for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009.
Six-Month Period Ended |
||||||||||||||||
Fiscal 2009 | Fiscal 2010 | December 31, 2010 |
Fiscal 2011 | |||||||||||||
Production |
||||||||||||||||
Tons (000) |
21,273 | 22,716 | 11,496 | 23,138 | ||||||||||||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||||||||
Gold produced (000 oz)(1) |
612 | 721 | 362 | 717 | ||||||||||||
Results of operations ($ million) |
||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
537.2 | 790.1 | 468.1 | 1,122.9 | ||||||||||||
Total production costs(2) |
417.8 | 533.6 | 279.0 | 534.8 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs(3) |
368.1 | 470.0 | 251.9 | 479.2 | ||||||||||||
Cash profit(4) |
169.1 | 320.1 | 215.2 | 643.7 | ||||||||||||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||||||||||||
Total production costs |
682 | 740 | 771 | 746 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
601 | 652 | 696 | 668 | ||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(5) |
831 | 743 | 892 | 913 |
Notes:
(1) | In fiscal 2009, fiscal 2010, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2011, 0.435 million ounces, 0.513 million ounces, 0.257 million ounces and 0.576 million ounces of production, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Ghana operations. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(4) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
(5) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields NCE to its production costs for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
In fiscal 2011, overall ore tonnage mined was 23.1 million tons compared with 22.7 million tons for fiscal 2010. Total waste mined decreased by 20.8 million tons, from 114.4 million tons to 93.6 million tons, compared with fiscal 2010 due to mid-life rebuild requirements and excessive rainfall. Compared to fiscal 2010 levels, gold production at Tarkwa decreased slightly in fiscal 2011 primarily because of reduced throughput at the north heap leach plant due to ore hardness. Total cash costs per ounce of gold decreased by approximately 2% during fiscal 2011, primarily due to higher gold in process credits. However, savings were achieved through the BPR program.
The Ghanaian gold mining companies which constitute the deregulated mining companies, or DMC, are currently in negotiation with the VRA regarding tariffs applicable for the period June 1, 2011 to December 31, 2011 and have been notified by the VRA of new rates of around U.S.$0.15 per kilowatt hour. The services of the VRA and the services of the transmission and distribution utility are billed separately, while the ECG services are
74
all inclusive. The VRA has provided Gold Fields and the DMC with a draft revised Power sales and purchase agreement between VRA and Gold Fields Ghana which is expected to be concluded in April 2012. VRA tariffs for the period from January 2011 to December 2011 have been concluded. A tariff has been agreed with the ECG covering the period June 1, 2010 to May 31, 2011. Tariff rates for June 2011 to May 2012 are being negotiated. The Ghanaian operations are bulk permit holders, which allow them to negotiate rates with the electricity suppliers. The Energy Commission, the regulator of the industry, has notified all participants that power supply and purchase and transmission agreements must be in place by December 31, 2011. Due to the fact that negotiations with the government are still underway, Gold Fields formally notified the Energy Commission that it would not be able to meet the deadline and copied all relevant entities.
During fiscal 2009, the VRA ceased providing electricity transmission as part of the power sector restructuring program in Ghana. A new government-owned transmission company called the Ghana Grid Company Limited, or GridCo, was formed to carry out the transmission functions. The VRA is now responsible for the generation of power alongside other emerging power generation companies. A new VRA substation has been installed close to the Tarkwa mine CIL Plant and the mine has been connected to the national network to the north in addition to the existing southern connection, which is expected to result in more reliable electricity transmission.
See Risk FactorsPower stoppages, fluctuations and power cost increases may adversely affect Gold Fields results of operations and its financial condition.
Assuming that Gold Fields does not increase or decrease reserves estimates at Tarkwa and that there are no changes to the current mine plan at Tarkwa, Tarkwas December 31, 2011 proven and probable reserves of 10.3 million ounces (9.3 million of which were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to the Ghanaian government) will be sufficient to maintain production through approximately fiscal 2022. However, as discussed earlier in Risk Factors and Mine Planning and Management, there are numerous factors which can affect reserve estimates and the mine plan, which could thus materially change the life of mine.
The Tarkwa mine is engaged in open pit mining and is thus subject to all of the risks associated with open pit mining discussed in Risk Factors. Although surface mining generally is less dangerous than underground mining, serious and even fatal accidents do still occur. Tarkwa had one fatality in fiscal 2011, one fatality in the six months ended December 31, 2010, no fatalities in fiscal 2010 and no fatalities in fiscal 2009. Since December 31, 2011, there have been no fatalities at Tarkwa. On a calendar year basis, the lost time injury frequency rate for fiscal 2011, calendar 2010 and calendar 2009 was 0.21, 0.43 and 0.13 lost time injuries for every million hours worked, respectively. The fatal injury frequency rate (see Defined Terms and Conventions) for fiscal 2011 was 0.05 fatal injuries for every million hours worked, while for fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009 it was 0.06 and 0.0 fatal injuries for every million hours worked, respectively. Tarkwa mine received OHSAS 18001 recertification during the year and maintained its ISO 14001 certification. Tarkwa achieved full compliance certification under the International Cyanide Management Code in June 2008 and was successfully recertified in fiscal 2011.
Processing
Tarkwas ore can be processed using either conventional heap leach techniques with acceptable recoveries or SAG milling with a CIL plant. The operation incorporates two separate heap leach circuits, the North Plant and the South Plant. The operation also incorporates a SAG mill with a CIL plant which was commissioned in 2004. An expansion of the CIL Plant to incorporate a ball mill was commissioned in December 2008. The construction of a secondary crushing step on the CIL plant is currently being commissioned to ensure current throughput rates are maintained. The following table sets forth year commissioned, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, as well as average tons milled per month and metallurgical recovery factors during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, for each of the plants at Tarkwa.
75
Processing Techniques
Plant |
Year commissioned |
Comminution phase |
Treatment phase |
Capacity(1) | Average milled for fiscal 2011(4) |
Approximate recovery factor for fiscal 2011(2) |
||||||||||||||
(tons/month) | (tons/month) | |||||||||||||||||||
CIL Plant |
2004 | SAG
milling (with ball mill)(3) |
CIL treatment | 1,000,000 | 939,778 | 97 | % | |||||||||||||
North Plant Heap Leach Facility |
|
1997 |
|
Multiple-stage |
Heap leach |
|
680,000 |
|
|
689,277 |
|
|
67 |
% | ||||||
High Pressure Grinding Rolls Facility |
|
2010 |
|
High Pressure |
Heap leach |
|
275,000 |
|
|
286,994 |
|
|
53 |
% |
Notes:
(1) | Nameplate capacity as designed. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
(2) | Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percent. |
(3) | The ball mill was added in December 2008. |
(4) | Heap leach recoveries are the result of an extended solution application process with full recovery requiring several leach cycles. Full recovery of all recoverable gold for current ores is only achieved over several years. Thus, recoveries must be considered in terms of recovery as time progresses, or a progressive recovery. Over time, Gold Fields expects both plants to achieve progressive recovery factors of about 64% of contained gold, equivalent to full recovery of all recoverable gold during the life of mine. |
The SAG Mill and CIL plant operated 6.0% below nameplate capacity during fiscal 2011. The amount of tonnage treated at the heap leach facilities decreased from 9.37 million tons in fiscal 2010 to 8.23 million tons in fiscal 2011 as a result of increasing ore competency. The CIL plant processed 11.43 million tons in fiscal 2011, as compared to 11.18 million tons in fiscal 2010. The High Pressure Grinding Rolls Facility processed 3.49 million tons in fiscal 2011.
Capital Expenditure
Gold Fields spent approximately U.S.$125 million on capital expenditures at the Tarkwa operation in fiscal 2011 (excluding U.S.$94 million spent on capital waste mining, which is expensed), principally for the primary and ancillary mining fleet, heavy maintenance equipment infrastructure, secondary crusher and the Tailings Storage Facility 3 construction. Gold Fields has budgeted approximately U.S.$172 million for capital expenditures at Tarkwa for fiscal 2012 (excluding U.S.$107 million to be spent on capital waste mining, which is expensed), principally for primary and ancillary mining fleet, heavy maintenance equipment infrastructure and tailing storage facility projects.
Damang Mine
Introduction
Abosso, which owns the interest in the Damang mine, was owned 71.1% by Gold Fields, 18.9% by IAMGold and 10% by the Ghanaian government, mirroring the shareholding structure of Gold Fields Ghana. On June 22, 2011, Gold Fields acquired the indirect 18.9% minority stake from IAMGold in the Tarkwa and Damang gold mines in Ghana, for a cash consideration of U.S.$667 million, increasing Gold Fields interest in each of the Tarkwa and Damang gold mines from 71.1% to 90.0%, the remaining 10.0% interest being held by the government of Ghana.
76
The Damang deposits are located in the Wassa West District in southwestern Ghana approximately 330 kilometers by road west of Accra and approximately 30 kilometers by road northeast of the Tarkwa mine. The Damang mine consists of an open pit operation with a SAG mill and CIL processing plant.
Damang operates under a mining lease with a total area of approximately 8,100 hectares. The Damang mine has access to the national electricity grid and water and road infrastructure. Most supplies are brought in by road from the nearest seaport, Takoradi, which is approximately 135 kilometers away, or from Accra, which is approximately 360 kilometers away by road. In fiscal 2011, the Damang mine produced 0.218 million ounces of gold, of which 0.175 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in Abosso. As of December 31, 2011, Damang had approximately 1,000 employees and approximately 900 outside contractors.
History
Mining on the Abosso concession began with underground mining in the early twentieth century. Surface mining at Damang commenced in August 1997 and Gold Fields assumed control of operations on January 23, 2002. Historically, the underground mine was in operation from 1878 until 1956.
Geology
Damang is located on the Damang Anticline, which is marked by Tarkwaian metasediments on the east and west limbs, around a core of Birimian metasediments and volcanics. Gold in the Tarkwaian metasediments and volcanics is predominantly found in the conglomerates of the Banket Formation and is similar to the Witwatersrand in South Africa; however, at Damang, hydrothermal processes have enriched much of this palaeoplacer mineralization. Within the region, the contact between the Birimian and Tarkwaian metasediments and volcanics is commonly marked by zones of intense shearing and is host to a number of significant shear hosted gold deposits including Prestea, Bogoso, and Obuasi.
Palaeoplacer mineralization occurs on the west limb of the anticline at Abosso, Chida, and Tomento, and on the east limb of the anticline at the Kwesie, Lima South, and Bonsa North locations. Hydrothermal enrichment of the Tarkwaian palaeoplacer occurs at the Rex, Amoanda, and Nyame areas on the west limb and the Damang and Bonsa areas on the east limb.
Mining
Damang uses the typical open pit mining methods of drilling, blasting, loading and hauling. The progression of blasting in the open pit occurs in six-meter benches, which are then combined to form steps of three meters with the ore and waste loaded into 100-ton dump trucks. The primary operational challenges include managing the Damang Pit Cutback, or DPCB, and maintaining adequate and timely supply of appropriate plant feed blend. There were no material stoppages to the mining operations during fiscal 2011.
During fiscal 2011, the DPCB pit remained the high-grade fresh ore feed source to the plant. Of the five Tomento pits, four were fully depleted by the end of fiscal 2008 and the oxide in the fifth pit, the Tomento pit 2, was depleted during fiscal 2011. Currently, the main oxide feed sources to the plant are the DPCB, Juno and Rex pits.
The DPCB waste stripping continued in fiscal 2011. A prefeasibility study is currently being conducted for additional waste stripping expenditure over the life of the pit. The waste stripping expenditure, which is projected to increase compared to the original forecast due to the increase in mining volumes, is required for the continued development of the DPCB. The current focus for immediate growth will be concentrated on the larger DPCB, Huni and Juno pits with exploration work being carried out during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2011 and the first half of 2012.
77
The extension of mining activities to the old Abosso mine tailings coupled with the sterilization drilling of the proposed waste dumping area resulted in compensation needing to be paid to farmers and a resettlement of 44 property owners from four smaller villages in fiscal 2010. The sterilization program became necessary due to limited space being available for waste dumping facilities around the Damang cutback. Resettlement agreements were signed and houses were constructed for property owners in the Huni-Valley and Damang villages without any community incident. Compensation payments and resettlement efforts were required for the AmoandaTomento corridor area in fiscal 2011, due to ongoing extensive exploration in the area.
AMS performed a substantial proportion of the mining operations at Damang. Gold Fields has terminated the contract with AMS which termination was effective March 24, 2011. After a study which indicated a substantial cost saving, Damang moved from the outsourced contract with AMS to owner mining from March 2011.
In fiscal 2011, a contractor, Engineers & Planners Company Limited, performed the ore haulage contract work at Damang, using 30-ton trucks to haul the material from the various satellite pits to the Run of Mine, or RoM, pad, which is the ore stockpile dump close to the crushing plant.
Detailed below are the operating and production results at Damang for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009.
Six-Month Period Ended |
||||||||||||||||
Fiscal 2009 |
Fiscal 2010 |
December 31, 2010 |
Fiscal 2011 |
|||||||||||||
Production |
||||||||||||||||
Tons (000) |
4,991 | 5,028 | 2,491 | 4,942 | ||||||||||||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
1.2 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.4 | ||||||||||||
Gold produced (000 oz)(1) |
200 | 207 | 117 | 218 | ||||||||||||
Results of operations ($ million) |
||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
175.7 | 226.9 | 152.1 | 340.8 | ||||||||||||
Total production costs(2) |
144.0 | 135.5 | 87.5 | 201.2 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs(3) |
134.4 | 128.7 | 74.6 | 186.1 | ||||||||||||
Cash profit(4) |
41.3 | 98.2 | 77.5 | 154.7 | ||||||||||||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||||||||||||
Total production costs |
719 | 653 | 748 | 924 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
671 | 621 | 638 | 855 | ||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(5) |
745 | 738 | 1,111 | 1,056 |
Notes:
(1) | In fiscal 2009, 2010, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2011, 0.142 million ounces, 0.147 million ounces, 0.083 million ounces and 0.175 million ounces of production, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in Abosso. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(4) | Cash profit represents revenue less total cash costs. |
78
(5) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields NCE to its production costs for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009 , see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
The gold production in fiscal 2011 increased primarily as a result of increase in the ore grade mined. Total production and cash costs increased in fiscal 2011 due to increased fuel, power and royalty costs.
Damang obtains its electricity indirectly from the VRA, which generates the electricity. The electricity is distributed by Electricity Company of Ghana, or ECG, which is a distributor for GridCo, the electricity transmission utility. A tariff was agreed with the ECG covering the period June 1, 2010 to May 31, 2011. Tariff rates for June 2011 to May 2012 are being negotiated. See Risk FactorPower stoppages, fluctuations and power cost increases may adversely affect Gold Fields results of operations and its financial condition.
Damang has a back-up power generation facility that is owned and controlled by the mine. This is only used during power outages or reduced grid supply capacity from the VRA or the ECG.
Assuming that Gold Fields does not increase or decrease reserves estimates at Damang and that there are no changes to the current mine plan at Damang, Damangs December 31, 2011 proven and probable reserves of 3.4 million ounces (approximately 3.1 million of which were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Ghana operations) will be sufficient to maintain production through approximately fiscal 2024 (as per new Life of Mine). However, as discussed earlier in Risk Factors and Mine Planning and Management, there are numerous factors that can affect reserve estimates and the mine plan, which could thus materially change the life of mine.
The Damang mine comprises open pit mining, and is thus subject to all of the risks associated with open pit mining discussed in Risk Factors. Although surface mining generally is less dangerous than underground mining, serious and even fatal accidents do still occasionally occur. The Damang mine has not had a fatal injury since its acquisition by Gold Fields in 2002, including to date. On a calendar year basis, the lost time injury frequency rate (see Defined Terms and Conventions) at Damang for fiscal 2011, calendar 2010 and calendar 2009 was 0.19, 0.64 and 0.17 lost time injuries for every million hours worked, respectively.
The Damang mine has introduced a safety management system in accordance with OHSAS 18001 and, in fiscal 2011, it was again selected by the Ghana Inspector of Mines as the safest mine in Ghana. The environmental management system at the mine is certified to the ISO 14001 standard. There were no strikes or material work stoppages at Damang in fiscal 2011 or to date. Damang achieved full compliance certification under the International Cyanide Management Code in May 2008 and was successfully recertified in fiscal 2011.
Processing
All ore at Damang is processed through a single facility. The following table sets forth the year commissioned, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, as well as average tons milled per month and metallurgical recovery factor during fiscal 2011 for the plant.
Processing Techniques
Plant |
Year commissioned |
Comminution phase | Treatment phase |
Capacity(1) | Average milled for fiscal 2011 |
Approximate recovery factor for fiscal 2011(2) |
||||||||||||||
(tons/month) | (tons/month) | |||||||||||||||||||
Processing Plant |
1997 | (3) | Primary and two-stage secondary crushing with SAG and ball milling |
CIL treatment | 383,000 | 411,130 | 92 | % |
79
Notes:
(1) | Nameplate capacity as designed. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
(2) | Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percent. |
(3) | The secondary crusher was commissioned in 2010. |
Optimization of the Damang mill involves careful blending of hard and soft ores to maximize use of the milling circuit, which remains the major throughput constraint in this plant. Mining operations continue to focus on maintaining an appropriate plant feed blend.
The installation and commissioning of a secondary crusher, intended to increase the higher-grade, hard fresh ore production in the mill feed, was completed on April 30, 2010. The East Tailings storage capacity is currently in the process of being increased to 7.2 million tons (15-month storage) to sustain production through July 2013 by raising the current level to 1,000 meters above sea level.
Capital Expenditure
Gold Fields spent approximately U.S.$57 million on capital expenditures at the Damang operation in fiscal 2011 (excluding U.S.$31 million spent on capital waste mining, which is expensed), principally for the primary and ancillary mining fleet, exploration, and Tailings storage facility construction. Gold Fields has budgeted approximately U.S.$60 million for capital expenditures at Damang for fiscal 2012 (excluding U.S.$32 million to be spent on capital waste mining, which is expensed), principally for primary and ancillary mining fleet, exploration and Tailings storage facility projects.
Australia Operations
When Gold Fields acquired the St. Ives and Agnew gold mining operations from WMC Resources Limited, or WMC, on November 30, 2001, part of the purchase consideration included Gold Fields agreeing to pay a royalty to WMC (a right sold to Morgan Stanley in 2002). Separate, but similar, royalties were payable for gold produced from the St. Ives and Agnew operations.
On June 26, 2002, WMC agreed to give up its right to receive royalties from the Agnew operation in exchange for a payment of A$3.6 million. On August 26, 2009, Gold Fields executed an agreement with Morgan Stanley pursuant to which the royalty payable by St. Ives to certain subsidiaries of Morgan Stanley was terminated for a consideration of A$308 million ($267.1 million).
St. Ives
Introduction
St. Ives is located 80 kilometers south of Kalgoorlie and 20 kilometers south of Kambalda, straddling Lake Lefroy in Western Australia. It holds exploration licenses, prospecting licenses and mining leases covering a total area of approximately 97,700 hectares. St. Ives is both a surface and underground operation, with a number of open pits, four operating underground mines, a metallurgical CIP plant and a heap leach facility. The St. Ives operation obtains electricity pursuant to a contract with a major mining company that expires in January 2014 and has access to water, rail, air and road infrastructure. Needed supplies are trucked in locally from both Perth and Kalgoorlie. In fiscal 2011, St. Ives produced 0.465 million ounces of gold. St. Ives had a workforce of approximately 470 employees and approximately 550 outside contractors as of December 31, 2011.
Gold production takes place over an extensive area at St. Ives, although it is mainly concentrated in a 55-kilometer corridor extending south-southeast from Kambalda across Lake Lefroy.
80
History
Gold mining began in the St. Ives area in 1897, with WMC commencing gold mining operations at St. Ives in 1980. Gold Fields acquired the St. Ives gold mining operation from WMC in November 2001.
Geology
The gold deposits of St. Ives are located at the southern end of the Norseman-Wiluna greenstone belt of the West Australian Goldfields Province. In the St. Ives area the belt consists of Kalgoorlie Group volcanic rocks, Black Flag group felsic volcanic rocks and sediments and a variety of intrusive and overlying post-tectonic sediments. The area is structurally complex, with host rocks metamorphosed to upper greenschist and lower amphibolite facies. Gold mineralization discovered to date is best developed in the mafic-dominated parts of the sequence, hosted in minor structures including vein arrays, breccia zones and central, quartz-rich and mylonitic parts of shear zones. Deposit styles and ore controls are varied, but deposits are commonly associated with subsidiary structures which splay off the regionally extensive Boulder-Lefroy Fault.
Mining
St. Ives sources production from a variety of underground and surface operations. The site has a mill that treats primary ore and a heap leach facility which treats low- and marginal-grade ore. The principal production sources in fiscal 2011 included the Argo, Athena, Belleisle and Cave Rocks underground mines together with the Agamemnon, Apollo, Diana, Formidable, Leviathan and Mars Minotaur Link open pits.
Argo Complex. Stoping activities at the Argo mine commenced in November 2003. Production at the Argo underground mine continued throughout fiscal 2011 at similar levels to previous years. Production at Argo in fiscal 2012 is expected to reduce as the available stoping areas diminish. Based on the December 31, 2011 reserves, Argo has a further 18 months of production. Exploration activities are continuing with a view to extending the life of the mine.
Greater Revenge Complex. Mining at the Greater Revenge Area commenced in 1989. The operation utilizes typical open pit and lake sediment mining methods. Cutbacks of the Agamemnon and Mars Minotaur Link pits were mined during fiscal 2011. Limited mining is planned for the Greater Revenge Area in fiscal 2012.
Belleisle Underground Mine. The Belleisle deposit lies in the Greater Revenge Area adjacent to the depleted Mars open pit. The final 20,000 ounces were mined from Belleisle in fiscal 2011 and the mine was closed as scheduled in May 2011.
Cave Rocks underground Mines. Cave Rocks is located approximately six kilometers to the west of the Kambalda West township and was previously an open pit mine completed in 1985. The underground mine utilizes primarily open stoping methods without backfill to extract ore as originally planned and is currently undergoing an intensive delineation and exploration program to extend the life of mine through to 2014.
Leviathan Open Pit. The Leviathan open pit is based on the expansion of a pre-existing open pit located approximately two kilometers southeast of the Lefroy processing plant. The mine utilizes conventional truck and shovel mining practices. Mining occurs through areas previously exploited by underground mining methods, requiring special care when passing through these mined areas. Procedures based on industry best practice in the mining district have been implemented to manage the risks associated with these zones. Production continued at Leviathan throughout fiscal 2011 and is expected to continue until mid-2012.
Athena and Hamlet Underground Mines. Construction at the Athena mine was completed during fiscal 2010 and reached commercial levels of production in July 2011. The construction of the decline from Athena to the new Hamlet mine commenced in December 2010. The first ore extraction from Hamlet occurred in November 2011, with stoping expected to commence in the latter half of 2012. Based on reserves at December 31, 2011 Athena has a life of mine of four years and Hamlet has a life of seven years with prospects of extensions to those lives.
81
St. Ivess exploration program in fiscal 2011 led to an improved understanding of the underlying geological mineralization of all mines, enabling consolidation of mine geology and a number of key project areas going forward. At all mines and in particular Cave Rocks, extensional drilling continued in order to replace and extend the existing ore bodies. Continued early-stage exploration and follow-up of prospective targets with first-pass exploratory drilling was also completed in a number of areas. The new mine developments of the Athena underground and the Diana, Formidable and Mars Minotaur Link open pits significantly enhanced production in fiscal 2011. The Leviathan and Formidable open pits are expected to continue to provide the primary source of open pit ore in fiscal 2012.
Underground mining activities at Belleisle, Cave Rocks and Argo were undertaken under an agreement with Carlowen Proprietary Ltd, which trades as GBF Underground Mining, or GBF. GBF provided all the employees and equipment necessary to complete the underground development and stoping for Belleisle, Cave Rocks and Argo. In July 2011, St. Ives transitioned to owner mining at Cave Rocks and Argo (Belleisle was closed in May 2011) with the assistance of GBF who continue to undertake underground development work on access tunnels under a fixed and variable contract expiring in July 2013.
A separate two-year contract for the capital development of the new Athena underground mine (Hamlet was subsequently added) was awarded to Byrnecut Mining Propriety Limited, or Byrnecut, commencing in January 2010. This contract was extended to January 2013. Byrnecut is an access tunnel development and underground contract miner. Byrnecut is liable for claims arising from its performance or non-performance, and any loss, damage, injury or death related to the presence of its employees on site. Byrnecut is not liable for liabilities or losses that are the result of negligence or a breach of a statutory duty of the mine owner. Byrnecut is required to ensure that it and any subcontractors have adequate insurance.
Leighton Contractors Proprietary Limited, or Leighton, performs the surface mining at St. Ives under an alliance agreement. As of December 1, 2011, Gold Fields informed Leighton that it would undertake owner mining after the requisite 6-month notice period. Leighton provides employees and equipment for mining ore and waste from the open pit mines. Leighton is reimbursed 100% of its approved costs and earns an additional margin payment contingent upon Leighton achieving targets in regards to certain key performance indicators. Under the terms of the agreement, Leighton is liable for claims arising from any loss and/or damage related to the negligence, injury or death of its employees and/or damage to any property on the sites. Leighton is not liable for claims or loss resulting from the mine owners negligence. Leightons liability under the agreement is subject to an aggregate liability cap of A$15 million and excludes losses for business interruption, loss of actual or anticipated revenue, income or profits, and any indirect, contingent or penal damages. Leighton is required to ensure that it and any subcontractors have adequate insurance.
82
Detailed below are the operating and production results at St. Ives for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009.
Fiscal 2009 | Fiscal 2010 | Six-Month Period Ended December 31, 2010 |
Fiscal 2011 | |||||||||||||
Production |
||||||||||||||||
Tons (000) |
7,262 | 6,819 | 3,284 | 6,745 | ||||||||||||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
1.8 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 2.1 | ||||||||||||
Gold produced (000 oz) |
428 | 421 | 243 | 465 | ||||||||||||
Results of operations ($ million) |
||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
378.6 | 460.6 | 313.4 | 734.2 | ||||||||||||
Total production costs(1)(2) |
350.3 | 450.6 | 273.6 | 575.1 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs(3) |
280.2 | 318.0 | 173.9 | 409.9 | ||||||||||||
Cash profit(4) |
98.4 | 142.6 | 139.5 | 324.3 | ||||||||||||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||||||||||||
Total production costs |
818 | 1,070 | 1,126 | 1,238 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
654 | 755 | 716 | 882 | ||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(5) |
802 | 1,023 | 918 | 1,192 |
Notes:
(1) | For purposes of allocating production costs between St. Ives and Agnew, the consideration paid for the Australian operations in excess of the book value of the underlying net assets was allocated pro rata to the value of the underlying assets. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(4) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
(5) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields NCE to its production costs for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
From fiscal 2010 to fiscal 2011, tonnages at St. Ives remained relatively stable. Gold production was significantly higher than that achieved during fiscal 2010 due to the Athena mine coming into production partially offset by the closure of Belleisle in May 2011. The increase in cash costs from fiscal 2010 to fiscal 2011 as expressed in U.S. dollars was predominantly due to the strengthening of the Australian dollar.
Assuming that Gold Fields does not increase or decrease reserves estimates at St. Ives and that there are no changes to the current mine plan at St. Ives, St. Ives December 31, 2011 proven and probable reserves of 2.8 million ounces will be sufficient to maintain production through approximately fiscal 2018. However, as discussed earlier in Risk Factors and Mine Planning and Management, there are numerous factors which can affect reserve estimates and the mine plan, which could thus materially change the life of mine.
St. Ives is engaged in underground mining and in both open pit and production stockpile surface mining, and is thus subject to all of the underground and surface mining risks discussed in Risk Factors. Seismicity is the
83
primary underground safety risk with mining increasingly occurring at depths below 500 meters. The risk is addressed through the use of backfilling and by mining different parts of the ore body in controlled steps to improve stability, which is called stope sequencing. No fatalities were recorded in fiscal 2009, 2010, 2011 or to date. On a calendar year basis, the lost time injury frequency rate (see Defined Terms and Conventions) for fiscal 2011, calendar 2010 and calendar 2009 was 2.86, 5.03 and 1.63 lost time injuries per million hours worked, respectively. St. Ives has a health and safety system that conforms to the requirements of OHSAS 18001 and is integrated with its ISO 14001 environmental management system. Certifications in this respect were maintained during fiscal 2011. St. Ives achieved full compliance certification under the International Cyanide Management Code in August 2009. There were no strikes or material work stoppages at St. Ives in fiscal 2011 or to date in fiscal 2012.
Processing
The table below sets forth year commissioned, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, as well as average tons milled per month and metallurgical recovery factors during fiscal 2011, for each of the plants at St. Ives.
Processing Techniques
Plant |
Year commissioned |
Comminution |
Treatment |
Capacity(1) | Average milled for fiscal 2011 |
Approximate recovery factor for fiscal 2011(2) |
||||||||||||||
(tons/month) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Lefroy Plant |
2005 | Single-stage crushing and SAG milling | CIP | 375,000 | 399,425 | 94 | % | |||||||||||||
Heap Leach Facility |
2000 | Multiple-stage crashing and screening process | Carbon absorption | 167,000 | 162,682 | 55 | %(3) |
Notes:
(1) | Nameplate capacity as designed. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
(2) | Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percent. |
(3) | Heap leach recoveries are the result of an extended solution application process with full recovery requiring several leach cycles. Thus, recoveries must be considered in terms of recovery as time progresses, or a progressive recovery. Over time, Gold Fields expects the plant to achieve progressive recovery factors of about 60% of contained gold, equivalent to full recovery of all recoverable gold. |
The Lefroy Plant was fully commissioned in February 2005 and is located on the south shore of Lake Lefroy, approximately 12 kilometers south of the township of Kambalda. The plant consistently achieved in excess of nameplate capacity throughout fiscal 2011. Optimization continued throughout the year to realize incremental improvements in recovery while maintaining throughput and minimizing costs.
The Heap Leach Facility treats low- and marginal-grade ore from St. Ives. Fiscal 2011 saw significant variability in the costs of operating this process stream. An optimization study was undertaken as part of the BPR program to identify key projects that may improve the overall operating characteristics of the Heap Leach process stream at St. Ives. All such recommendations were implemented by the end of fiscal 2011, resulting in improved throughput capacity and improved unit costs.
The Lake Disturbance Permit required to operate on Lake Lefroy expired in 2011 and a new permit was approved in the same year.
84
Capital Expenditure
Gold Fields spent approximately A$156 million on capital expenditures at St. Ives in fiscal 2011 (excluding A$21 million on pre-stripping at the open pits, which is expensed), primarily on the development of the Athena and Hamlet underground mines, continued development at the Argo and Cave Rocks underground mines and exploration drilling. Gold Fields has budgeted approximately A$207 million for capital expenditures at St. Ives in fiscal 2012 (excluding A$47 million on pre-stripping at the open pits, which is expensed). These funds are principally earmarked for the continuing development at Athena and Hamlet, establishment of a new tailings facility and exploration drilling.
Agnew
Introduction
Agnew is located 23 kilometers west of Leinster, approximately 375 kilometers north of Kalgoorlie and 630 kilometers northwest of Perth, Western Australia. It holds exploration licenses, prospecting licenses and mining leases covering a total area of approximately 54,000 hectares. Agnew operated both an underground and the Songvang open pit in fiscal 2011. Underground mining is conducted from the Waroonga Underground Complex which comprises multiple ore zones. Agnew has one metallurgical plant. Agnew is serviced by sealed road infrastructure to the mine gate. Agnew is largely a fly-in fly-out site. Local services including air transport with a sealed runway and accommodation is provided pursuant to an arrangement with a neighboring mine operated by a major mining company. Agnew has access to electricity pursuant to a contract with the same neighboring mine which expires in January 2014. The bulk of the water is supplied from the mining operations and recovered from the in-pit tailings facility. Supplies are generally trucked in from Perth or Kalgoorlie. In fiscal 2011, the operation produced 0.194 million ounces of gold. As of December 31, 2011, Agnew had approximately 240 employees and approximately 200 outside contractors.
History
Gold was discovered at Agnew in 1895 and production was intermittent until Western Mining Corporation, or WMC, acquired the operation in the early 1980s and constructed the current mill in 1986. Since that time, numerous open pits and underground operations have been mined.
Geology
The Agnew deposits are located within the northwest portion of the Norseman-Wiluna greenstone belt of the Western Australian Goldfields. In the Agnew area the greenstone belt consists of an older sequence of ultramafic flows, gabbros, basalts, felsic volcanics and related sedimentary rocks. The rocks are folded about the large, moderately north plunging Lawlers Anticline. The Agnew deposits are located on the western limb of this anticline, and major deposits discovered to date lie on sheared contacts between stratigraphic units. The anticline is cut by north-northeast trending faults such as the Waroonga and East Murchison Unit shear zones.
Mining
The principal production source in fiscal 2011 at Agnew was the Waroonga underground mining complex. The northern cutback of the Songvang open pit commenced in 2011 and this ore has supplemented underground feed to the mill. Mining of this cutback was completed in early 2012 and the stockpiled ore will again supplement underground production throughout 2012. Gold Fields expects that the Waroonga complex will remain the principal production source in fiscal 2012.
Waroonga Underground Complex. The Waroonga Underground Complex currently includes underground mining of the Kim South, Rajah and Main Lode ore bodies. The mining method involves longhole open stoping with paste filling. Ore development tunnels are developed on 20 to 25 meter vertical spacings, with stoping
85
taking place between these tunnels in blocks of 20 to 40 meters along strike depending on ground conditions. Each stope is mucked clean using tele-remote loaders prior to paste filling. Access to the ore body is through a decline tunnel which accommodates workers, materials and equipment. Waroonga underground performance averaged 52,000 tons per month in the fiscal 2011.
During fiscal 2011, development of a new primary return air shaft was completed and new surface fans were installed. This system was designed to ensure sufficient ventilation underground for the life of the mine and will double the current ventilation capacity. Capital development of the Kim and Main declines has been accelerated to enable detailed ore definition drilling of the ore body prior to ore development and to provide drilling platforms for future reserve conversion. See Growth and International ProjectsNear Mine Exploration. As part of the BPR program, Agnew has been focused on securing productivity improvements since the implementation of owner mining in mid-2010. In addition, Agnew terminated its contract with its equipment maintenance provider in May 2011 in order to achieve cost improvements. Underground development is performed by Barminco Limited or Barminco. Barminco provides employees, consumables and equipment including drilling, blasting and haulage of development ore and waste. Barminco receives fees under an agreement which depend on the type of service being performed and the equipment being used, with adjustments for performance. Under the terms of the agreement, Barminco is liable for claims arising from its performance or non-performance and any loss, damage or injury related to the presence of its employees on the sites. Barminco is not liable for claims or loss due to the mine owners negligence. Barminco is required to ensure that it and any subcontractors have adequate insurance. Barminco was awarded a three-year contract for mine development in June 2010. Detailed below are the operating and production results at Agnew for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009.
Fiscal 2009 | Fiscal 2010 | Six-Month Period Ended December 31, 2010 |
Fiscal 2011 | |||||||||||||
Production |
||||||||||||||||
Tons (000) |
1,066 | 883 | 417 | 935 | ||||||||||||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
5.6 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 6.5 | ||||||||||||
Gold produced (000 oz) |
192 | 165 | 80 | 194 | ||||||||||||
Results of operations ($ million) |
||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
169.9 | 177.8 | 102.4 | 313.1 | ||||||||||||
Total production costs(1)(2) |
94.1 | 108.4 | 60.1 | 178.8 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs(3) |
77.6 | 87.7 | 50.2 | 149.3 | ||||||||||||
Cash profit(4) |
92.3 | 90.1 | 52.2 | 163.8 | ||||||||||||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||||||||||||
Total production costs |
490 | 656 | 755 | 921 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
404 | 531 | 631 | 769 | ||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(5) |
564 | 874 | 961 | 1,105 |
Notes:
(1) | For purposes of allocating production costs between St. Ives and Agnew, the consideration paid for the Australian operations in excess of the book value of the underlying net assets was allocated pro rata to the value of the underlying assets. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs |
86
and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(4) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
(5) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields NCE to its production costs for fiscal 2011, the six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2010 and 2009, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
In fiscal 2011, 0.935 million tons of ore were processed and 0.194 million ounces of gold were produced. Tons processed were higher than fiscal 2010. Gold production was higher than fiscal 2010 due to improved performance at the Waroonga underground mine and access to ore from the Songvang cutback. 94% of ounces produced came from underground, which is a lower proportion than fiscal 2010 due to mining at the Songvang cutback. Total cash costs increased in U.S. dollar terms due to the strengthening of the Australian dollar and the impact of expensing the pre-strip of the Songvang cutback under U.S. GAAP.
Exploration to extend reserves at Waroonga continued to focus on down-dip extensions to the Kim South and Main Lode resources. Deep drilling below the current Main Lode identified several potential high grade but narrow ore bodies. Further delineation of these ore bodies will continue in 2012.
Assuming that Gold Fields does not increase or decrease reserves estimates at Agnew and that there are no changes to the current mine plan at Agnew, Agnews December 31, 2011 proven and probable reserves at 1.3 million ounces will be sufficient to maintain production through approximately fiscal 2018. However, as discussed earlier in Risk Factors and Mine Planning and Management, there are numerous factors which can affect reserve estimates and the mine plan, which could thus materially change the life of mine.
Agnew is engaged in underground and surface mining and expects to reclaim stockpiles arising from the mined out Songvang operation in 2012. Agnew may pursue further open pit opportunities in the future and is thus subject to all of the underground and surface mining risks discussed in Risk Factors. The primary safety risk at Agnew is falls of ground at the underground operations, which is addressed through the use of ground support, backfilling of open voids and sequencing of mine operations to improve overall stability of the ground. There were no fatalities at Agnew in fiscal 2011, fiscal 2010, fiscal 2009 or to date. On a calendar year basis, the lost time injury frequency rate for fiscal 2011, calendar 2010 and calendar 2009 was 2.72, 1.11 and 2.13 lost time injuries per million hours worked, respectively.
Agnew deploys a health and safety management system that conforms to the requirements of OHSAS 18001. The mine also has an environmental management system that is certified to the ISO 14001 standard. Agnew has retained ISO 14001 certification following a successful audit undertaken in March 2011. Agnew achieved full compliance certification under the International Cyanide Management Code in March 2010. There were no strikes or material work stoppages at Agnew in fiscal 2011 or to date.
Processing
All processing at Agnew is provided by a single plant. The following table sets forth year commissioned, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, as well as average tons milled per month and the metallurgical recovery factor during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 for the plant:
Processing Techniques
Plant |
Year commissioned |
Comminution phase |
Treatment phase |
Capacity(1) | Average milled for fiscal 2011 |
Approximate recovery factor for fiscal 2011(2) |
||||||||||||||
(tons/month) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Main Plant |
1986 | 2-stage ball milling | CIP treatment | 100,00 | 77,918 | 94 | % |
87
Notes:
(1) | Nameplate capacity as stated by the manufacturer. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
(2) | Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percent. |
Capital Expenditure
Gold Fields spent approximately A$61 million on capital expenditures at Agnew in fiscal 2011 (excluding A$11 million on capital waste mining), primarily on further development of the Kim South and Main Lode declines, various capital works projects in the processing plant, including a new gravity circuit, exploration, purchase of underground mobile equipment, and new primary ventilation infrastructure. Gold Fields has budgeted approximately A$72 million for capital expenditures at Agnew for fiscal 2012 (excluding nil budgeted for capital waste mining), primarily for mine development, exploration, mobile equipment rebuilds, and capital works.
Peru Operation
Gold Fields owned a 92% voting interest (80.7% economic interest) in the Cerro Corona mine through its shareholding in La Cima. On April 15, 2011, Gold Fields increased its economic interest in La Cima from 80.7% to its present 98.5% following a voluntary offer to minority shareholders in La Cima to acquire their shares at a cost of $382 million.
Cerro Corona
Introduction
The Cerro Corona mine became operational by the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2009. It forms part of a porphyry copper-gold deposit situated within the Hualgayoc Mining District in northern Peru. It is located in the highest part of the Western Cordillera of the Andes, in northern Peru, close to the headwaters of the Atlantic continental basin. Cerro Corona is located approximately 80 kilometers by road north of the City of Cajamarca. Cerro Corona holds mining leases covering a total area of approximately 1,600 hectares and the project was developed over an area of 940 hectares. Cerro Coronas electricity is supplied through a long-term contract with a Peruvian power supplier and transported through the national power transmission system and a 34 kilometer transmission line constructed by the project. Cerro Coronas water requirements are provided primarily by retention of rainfall and pit dewatering; water is continuously recycled. In fiscal 2011, the operation produced 0.161 million ounces of gold and 38,641 tons of copper for a total of 0.383 million gold equivalent ounces, of which 0.159 million ounces of gold and 38,061 tons of copper for a total of 0.377 million gold equivalent ounces were attributable to Gold Fields. As of December 31, 2011, Cerro Corona had approximately 400 employees involved in operating the mine and approximately 1,300 outside contractors involved in both mine operations and tailings dams construction programs.
History
In December 2003, Gold Fields, through a subsidiary, signed a definitive agreement to purchase an 80.7% economic and 92% voting interest in the Cerro Corona mine from a Peruvian family-owned company, Sociedad Minera Corona S.A., or SMC. The agreement called for a reorganization whereby the assets of Cerro Corona were transferred to La Cima, in July 2004. Following approval of an environmental impact assessment on December 2, 2005, Gold Fields completed the purchase of the 92% voting interest (80.7% economic interest) in La Cima in January 2006, for a total consideration of $40.5 million. La Cima subsequently acquired all requisite additional permits to construct the mine and construction commenced in May 2006.
88
Geology
The Cerro Corona gold-copper deposit is hosted by a 600- to 700-meter diameter sub-vertical cylindrical- shaped quartz diorite porphyry stock emplaced into mid-Cretaceous limestone and marls. Within the porphyry, gold-copper mineralization is primarily hosted by extensive zones of stockwork veining. There are at least two phases of diorite placement, only one of which is mineralized. The non-mineralized diorite is generally regarded as the last phase, and is referred to as barren core. The latest re-modeling suggests that the Cerro Corona porphyry is probably comprised of four or five satellite stocks with the last two being barren. The intrusive has been emplaced at the intersection of Andean-parallel and Andeannormal (transandean) structures. Supergene oxidation and leaching processes at Cerro Corona have led to the development of a weak to moderate copper enrichment blanket, allowing for the subdivision of the deposit, from the surface downward, into an oxide zone, a mixed oxide-sulphide zone, a secondary enriched (supergene) sulphide zone and a primary (hypogene) sulphide zone.
Mining
The Cerro Corona deposit is mined by conventional, bulk surface mining methods. The Cerro Corona operation involves a single surface mine. This ore is treated in a conventional milling and sulphide flotation concentrator capable of treating 6.2 million tons per annum of ore and producing between 100,000 and 140,000 tons per annum of copper and gold containing concentrate, which is treated mainly at smelters in Japan, Korea and Europe.
The construction of the Cerro Corona mine was completed in July 2008 and the first concentrate shipment was made in September of the same year.
Detailed below are the operating and production results at Cerro Corona the 10-month period from September 2008 to June 30, 2009 (the period of operations at the mine in fiscal 2009), in fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2011.
10-month period ended June 30, 2009 |
Fiscal 2010 | Six-Month Period Ended December 31, 2010 |
Fiscal 2011 | |||||||||||||
Production |
||||||||||||||||
Tons (000) |
4,547 | 6,141 | 3,102 | 6,593 | ||||||||||||
Recovered gold grade (g/t) |
0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | ||||||||||||
Recovered copper grade (%) |
0.78 | 0.70 | 0.66 | 0.61 | ||||||||||||
Combined yield (g/t) |
1.5 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.8 | ||||||||||||
Gold produced (000 oz) |
105 | 139 | 80 | 161 | ||||||||||||
Copper produced (000 tons) |
24 | 41 | 20 | 39 | (1) | |||||||||||
Gold Equivalent Ounces |
219 | 394 | 200 | 383 | ||||||||||||
Results of operations ($ million) |
||||||||||||||||
Revenues(1) |
183.8 | 411.4 | 266.6 | 560.5 | ||||||||||||
Total production costs(2) |
120.4 | 196.7 | 112.3 | 238.9 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs(3) |
80.3 | 135.5 | 80.6 | 171.1 | ||||||||||||
Cash profit(4) |
103.5 | 275.9 | 186.0 | 389.4 | ||||||||||||
Cost per ounce of gold ($)(5) |
||||||||||||||||
Total production costs |
553 | 504 | 558 | 624 | ||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
369 | 348 | 401 | 447 | ||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per equivalent ounce of gold produced ($)(6) |
908 | 560 | 548 | 604 |
Notes:
(1) | Equates to 383,068 ounces on a gold equivalent basis at a price of $1,566 per ounce of gold and $8,859 per ton of copper. |
89
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010Costs and Expenses, Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsSix Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009Costs and Expenses. |
(4) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
(5) | Calculated on the basis of a total of 383,035 ounces of gold and gold equivalent sold. |
(6) | Calculated on the basis of a total of 383,068 ounces of gold and gold equivalent produced. For a reconciliation of Gold Fields NCE to its production costs for fiscal 2011, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
In fiscal 2011, 6,593 million tons of ore were processed compared to 6,141 million tons in fiscal 2010, and 0.161 million ounces of gold were produced, compared to 0.139 million ounces in fiscal 2010, 0.038 million tons of copper were produced compared to 0.041 million tons in fiscal 2010 and 0.383 million gold equivalent ounces were produced, compared to 0.394 million gold equivalent ounces in fiscal 2010. Tons processed and gold production were higher than in fiscal 2010, primarily due to operational improvement projects which resulted in higher throughput and increased recovery.
The single largest contractor employer is Minera San Martin. Minera San Martin carries out all mining activities under the direction of the La Cima mining and geology department. All mine planning, excavation and head grade and engineering specifications to meet the required design performance through the life of mine are directly managed by La Cima personnel. Other contractors provide camp administration and catering, security, safety and laboratory operations. In addition, during the third phase of the TMF construction, which was completed in August 2011, an average of approximately 550 temporary contractors per month were involved in the construction program.
Assuming that Gold Fields does not increase or decrease reserve estimates at Cerro Corona and that there are no changes to the current mine plan, Cerro Coronas December 31, 2011 proven and probable reserves of 3.1 million ounces of gold and 1,114 million pounds of copper (of which, 3.0 million ounces of gold and 1,109 million pounds of copper were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders at La Cima) will be sufficient to maintain production through approximately fiscal 2028. However, as discussed earlier in Risk Factors and Mine Planning and Management, there are numerous factors that can affect reserve estimates and the mine plan, which could thus materially change the life of mine.
The Cerro Corona mine involves open pit mining, and is thus subject to all of the risks associated with open pit mining discussed in Risk Factors. Although surface mining generally is less dangerous than underground mining, serious and even fatal accidents do still occasionally occur.
There were no fatalities at Cerro Corona in fiscal 2011 and none to date in fiscal 2012. On a calendar year basis, the lost time injury frequency rate at Cerro Corona for fiscal 2011, calendar 2010, and calendar 2009 was 0.18, 0.00 and 0.32 lost time injuries for every million hours worked, respectively. Cerro Corona has implemented a health and safety management system in accordance with the Gold Fields Full Compliance Health and Safety Management System and in accordance with the OHSAS 18001. OHSAS 18001 certification was obtained in June 2010. The second audit of the integrated ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 requirements was successfully completed in August 2011. The fourth amendment to the Cerro Corona environmental impact assessment, or EIA, was approved by MEM in September 2011. In fiscal 2011, for the second consecutive year, Cerro Corona was ranked first for its safety practices in open pit
90
mining by the National Institute of Mining. Further, Cerro Corona incorporated a non-profit organization, Asociación Puentes para el Desarrollo, to administrate and co-finance specific social programs.
La Cima entered into a five year labor agreement with the Cerro Corona workers union in November 2011. Over the last few years Peru has seen many cases of conflict and dissention between local communities and mining operations and mining projects, stemming largely from the communities desire for greater participation in the economic benefits of these mining projects. Cerro Corona has undertaken extensive community consultation and negotiation since 2003 through the land purchase and permitting process to achieve agreement with local communities on various aspects of community involvement. A comprehensive strategy to work with the communities has been implemented through the operations stages. The main focus of this strategy relies on three pillars which are (i) promoting the development of basic local infrastructure such as roads, telecommunications, electricity, potable water, education and health, (ii) training and employing the local communities, including employing more than 1,000 locals during construction and approximately 500 currently, and developing more than 50 local contractors and (iii) developing economically self-sustaining projects such as a natural pastures and forestation. Gold Fields believes its social strategy has created goodwill with the local communities, with the implementation of key projects such as the paving of the road to Hualgayoc, rural electrification, a potable water plant, and the Kunturwasi highway, among others. The sustainable development projects have been very successful, with more than 700 hectares of natural pastures improved and 300 cows genetically enhanced to improve production of milk. Through the construction and operations phase, La Cima has carefully prioritized the agreements with local communities.
Gold Fields believes that, over time, Cerro Corona has generated strong community relationships; however, there have been instances of conflict with the local communities in the past and members of local communities have blocked road access to Cerro Corona on occasion. The Cerro Corona social team is continuously working to ensure continuity in the relationships. No blockades or demonstrations directly against Gold Fields occurred during fiscal 2011 or to date that have impacted Cerro Coronas operations. However, a road blockade against the neighboring Conga Project (Yanacocha) did impact the access to Cerro Corona for 11 days in December 2011. Despite this blockade, La Cima did not experience any work stoppages in fiscal 2011.
Activity at Gold Fields 50:50 joint venture, Consolidada de Hualgayoc, was restarted by the joint venture partner in fiscal 2011, with funding provided by La Cima, following a suspension in September 2009 due to disturbances between local communities. See Growth and International ProjectsNear Mine Exploration
Processing
The following table sets forth year commissioned, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, for the processing plant at Cerro Corona:
Processing Techniques
Plant |
Year commissioned |
Comminution |
Treatment |
Capacity(1) | Average milled for fiscal 2011 |
Approximate | ||||||||||||
(tons/month) | ||||||||||||||||||
Processing Plant |
2008 | SAG/ball milling | Conventional sulphide flotation circuit | 517,000 | 549,000 | Gold 65% Copper 83% |
Notes: |
(1) | Nameplate capacity as designed. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
(2) | Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percent. |
91
Gold Fields operates a concentrate storage warehouse at the port of Salaverry in Trujillo city, approximately 450 kilometers away from Cerro Corona. Concentrate is shipped from the Salaverry port in bulk carrier vessels. Gold Fields entered into a five-year contract with Transportes Rodrigo Carranza, or TRC, in the third quarter of fiscal 2008 pursuant to which TRC handles the logistics of trucking concentrate from the mine to the warehouse and then transferring it to the ships. Operations at Salaverry are managed under the same safety and environmental standards as those at Cerro Corona. La Cima has contributed to improvement of the environmental practices at the port by implementing the first fully hermetic shiploading equipment in Peru.
Studies are currently being conducted to evaluate alternatives for the treatment of oxide ores which have previously been mined and stockpiled on surface. Management is also considering a heap leach option to treat these ores.
Capital Expenditure
Gold Fields spent approximately $69 million on capital expenditures at Cerro Corona in fiscal 2011, consisting primarily of the construction of further raises to the tailings dam. Gold Fields has budgeted approximately $89 million for capital expenditures at Cerro Corona for fiscal 2012, primarily on the fifth phase of the tailings dam construction and improvements of the process plant facilities, such as de-bottlenecking projects.
Growth & International Projects
Gold Fields Growth & International Projects Group, or GIP, manages a diverse portfolio of exploration and development projects in Africa, Europe, Central Asia, the Americas and Australasia. In addition, Gold Fields has a number of exploration projects associated with mineral rights it holds which are adjacent to its active mining operations in South Africa, Ghana, Peru and Australia. The GIP programs are managed from two exploration hubs in Perth, Western Australia and Denver, Colorado. The company also has offices in Santiago, Chile; Lima, Peru; Mendoza, Argentina; Vancouver, Canada; Bamako, Mali; Accra, Ghana; Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan; and Beijing, China. As of December 31, 2011, Gold Fields exploration team included 483 full-time and contract employees, of which 148 are geoscientists, who provide the key exploration capability in the regions of focus around the world. In addition to these 483 employees, Gold Fields exploration team also employs approximately 600 outside contractors. Gold Fields growth strategy is based on a balanced approach to projects, which provides the ability to consider a project at any stage of development, from the greenfields stage through to full feasibility study.
The goal of this strategy is to maintain a consistent pipeline covering all stages of the exploration process in order to deliver a new feasibility level project every one to two years.
Gold Fields budgets to spend about $30 per ounce of gold produced on greenfields exploration, as distinct from the resource development and feasibility staged projects and near mine exploration which refers to exploration around Gold Fields mine sites.
Gold Fields focuses its greenfields exploration activities on finding opportunities with the correct balance of quality, size and risk. When determining whether it will proceed with a project, Gold Fields weighs a variety of factors, including acquisition costs, expected operating and capital costs of production, as well as the possible technical, commercial, social, environmental and geo-political risks against the expected returns for the project. Other important considerations include the optionality embedded in the project and its strategic importance in terms of geographic diversification and production profiles. This could result in consideration of additional multi-commodity targets such as copper-gold deposits or gold-silver type deposits.
Outside South Africa, the focus is on growing Gold Fields three international regions of West Africa, Australasia and South America with the objective of achieving one million ounces per annum of production from
92
each region. Gold Fields will leverage off its established infrastructure wherever possible to reduce development hurdles and delivery timelines for new opportunities. Near mine exploration projects, which are adjacent to Gold Fields existing mining operations, endeavor to capture any possible operating synergies which can be realized, for example, by sharing processing plants and other infrastructure, which has a knock-on effect with regard to minimum project size criteria. For greenfields projects, Gold Fields makes use of its existing operating centers in Ghana (through Gold Fields Exploration (Ghana) Ltd.), Australia (through Gold Fields Australasia Pty. Ltd.) and Peru (through Minera Gold Fields Peru S.A.) to pursue, incubate and facilitate new opportunities within other prospective countries in the respective regions.
In the longer term, Gold Fields is also considering a limited number of opportunities in jurisdictions outside its established regions. The focus is on areas of the world which are historically under-explored or where new technologies and concepts can be applied to improve the likelihood of discovery. Gold Fields has successfully expanded its exploration activities in countries and regions where it has limited experience by means of equity investments in, and strategic alliances with, junior mining partners who are already well established in those areas. Gold Fields has historically applied this strategy to exploration projects in Mali, China, Philippines and Kyrgyzstan, amongst others.
Gold Fields divides the different phases of an exploration targets development into what it refers to as the resource pipeline. An exploration project normally comprises several distinct exploration targets and the resource pipeline provides for the progression of the exploration targets in five stages: (1) target definition, (2) initial drilling, (3) advanced drilling, (4) resource development and (5) feasibility study. To be successful, exploration targets need to be drill tested and moved up to the next exploration phase, or be divested. There is therefore a focus on turning over targets as quickly and as effectively as possible by drill testing. Greenfields exploration is generated by reviewing and ranking the most prospective terrains across the world and exploration areas are selected after considering country risk and strategic fit. Each exploration region continuously monitors and reviews third party projects at all stages of development.
Greenfields Exploration
The table below provides a breakdown of the number of targets in Gold Fields four main exploration regions, as well as targets in the rest of the world, for each of the five stages of the resource triangle as of December 31, 2011. The table does not include near mine exploration projects on sites adjacent to Gold Fields existing operations.
Phase |
Africa | Australasia | South America |
North America |
Rest of World |
Worldwide | ||||||||||||||||||
Feasibility Study |
0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Resource Development |
0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Advanced Drilling |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Initial Drilling |
3 | 16 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 27 | ||||||||||||||||||
Target Definition |
94 | 21 | 25 | 1 | 0 | 141 |
During fiscal 2011, Gold Fields spent approximately $80 million on greenfields exploration projects not adjacent to its mining operations. Gold Fields total budget for greenfields exploration for fiscal 2012 is approximately $110 million.
Initial Drilling Projects
In the East Lachlan Fold Belt of New South Wales, Australia, Gold Fields holds an 80% interest in six project areas (Wellington North, Cowal East, Jemalong, Moorefield, Parkes-Clancy and Parkes-Centaurus) and has completed the 51% earn-in of a potential 80% earn-in in the Myall joint venture. Gold Fields has expanded its own ground position in this world class gold-copper porphyry belt with the addition of four new project areas in its own right and now holds approximately 2,100 square kilometers in the belt.
93
A substantial full field air-core drilling program remains ongoing at the Myall concession focused on the discovery of concealed porphyry gold-copper systems that have breached the paleo-surface. Elsewhere in the belt, 14 initial drill targets have been tested in fiscal 2011 with some encouraging results. Focused target definition work consisting of airborne and ground geophysical surveys and auger drilling coupled with multi-element and multi-spectral analysis has revealed a number of porphyry related anomalies at the Wellington North project. Further work at the Cowal East joint venture has identified both epithermal gold and porphyry gold-copper targets. These and other targets are scheduled for initial drilling in early 2012 while greenfields target definition work continues.
Gold Fields currently manages over 20,000 square kilometers of tenements at its Delamerian project in South Australia. This large landholding is comprised of both 100% Gold Fields-owned concessions, concession applications and concessions under a joint venture agreement with Australian Zircon Limited. This is an early stage greenfields project targeting covered orogenic gold mineralization in an unexplored province. Geophysical surveys, aircore drilling and soil sampling have identified a number of target areas of low level anomalism. A single diamond drill hole completed at the Haylands target intersected hydrothermal alteration associated with anomalous gold, zinc, copper and bismuth values which validates the targeting criteria. Additional targets have been defined and prioritized for initial drilling in 2012.
In the Newcastle Range area of Queensland, Australia, six new tenements covering 1,186 square kilometers have been acquired targeting epithermal and intrusion related gold mineralization in Permo-Carboniferous rhyolitic breccia complexes akin to the adjacent Kidston gold mine. Initial exploration involving target generation and initial drilling will take place in 2012.
In the Drummond Basin area of Queensland, Australia, six tenements covering 1,342 square kilometers have been applied for targeting porphyry copper-gold style mineralization. Field programs are scheduled to commence upon granting of the licenses in 2012.
At the historical mining district of Mt. Morgan, Queensland, Australia, Gold Fields has acquired five tenements covering 902 square kilometers targeting porphyry copper-gold deposits. First pass geological reconnaissance has been undertaken with the 2012 work program currently under consideration.
In the Philippines, Gold Fields terminated its earn-in agreement on its three Batangas joint ventures with Mindoro Resources in the first quarter of fiscal 2011. All targets were drill tested and results did not warrant further work. Gold Fields retains no further interest in the projects.
In September 2011, Gold Fields signed an option agreement with Bezant Resources PLC to acquire 100% of the Mankayan copper-gold project located on Luzon Island in the Philippines. The Mankayan project is immediately adjacent to the Far Southeast project and contains a buried gold-copper porphyry deposit located at Guinaoang about four kilometers east of the Far Southeast deposit. Diamond drilling is planned at Mankayan in 2012.
In Peru, Gold Fields is exploring the Moquegua and Tacna projects located in the southern Altiplano region. Initial reverse circulation drilling partially tested the Ichocollo porphyry gold target at the Tacna Project in September 2011. However, the drilling program was suspended after two holes due to regional social unrest. This program is scheduled to resume in early 2012 followed by initial reverse circulation drilling programs on two other target areas. At the Moquegua Project, an initial drilling program of six diamond drill holes was completed between August and November 2011 (on the Pacosani breccia target). Final assay results were disappointing and no further work is planned at the Pacosani target. In December 2011, initial diamond drilling commenced on the Chapi Chiara epithermal gold target, which is part of the Amantina joint venture signed with Vena Resources Inc., to earn up to a 70% interest. The Amantina joint venture property is contiguous with the Moquegua project.
In Chile, Gold Fields has an option agreement with SBX Asesorias e Inversiones, a private Chilean company, which grants Gold Fields the option to acquire 100% of two properties, Salares Norte and Piedra. At
94
Salares Norte, Gold Fields completed an initial reverse circulation drilling program in April 2011. The 933 meter program consisted of three widely-spaced holes which tested combined geophysical and soil geochemical anomalies considered prospective for epithermal gold-silver mineralization. Results were encouraging and follow-up diamond drilling commenced in December 2011. On February 7, 2012, Gold Fields notified SBX that it would exercise its option. On February 15, 2012, the concessions were registered under the name Minera Gold Fields Salares Norte Limitada, a wholly owned subsidiary of Gold Fields.
In May 2011, an option agreement was signed with S.L.M. Rio Baker, a private Chilean company, which grants Gold Fields the option to acquire 100% of the Rio Baker property, which is adjacent to Salares Norte. Target definition work consisting of geological mapping, soil sampling and geophysical surveys is in progress and initial drilling is scheduled for early 2012.
Gold Fields also has an option to acquire 100% of the nearby Pircas gold property held by S.C.M. Aguas Heladas, a private Chilean company. In May 2011, a follow-up reverse circulation drilling program on the main breccia target was suspended by early winter snowstorms. This drilling program will resume in 2012.
In Argentina, Gold Fields signed a joint venture agreement in October 2011 to earn up to a 70% interest of the Taguas gold-silver project from Minera S.A., a private company. The project is located in the El Indio gold belt in San Juan province. Diamond drilling commenced in December 2011 and will continue into 2012.
In northern British Columbia, Gold Fields is earning up to a 75% interest in Cascadero Copper Corp.s Toodoggone copper and gold property. The initial diamond drilling program concluded in October 2009. In June 2011, a helicopter-supported initial drilling program was completed on the Mex porphyry copper-gold target which was not drilled in the 2009 campaign. Logging and assay results confirmed the presence of a porphyry system and additional work will be completed in 2012 aiming to identify higher grade zones within the complex.
In Ghana, Gold Fields conducted exploration work over the Wenchi, Asheba, Edwenase and Boako licenses. Gold Fields concluded a joint venture agreement with Pramere Resources on their exploration license located north of the Ayanfuri deposit along the Asankrangwa belt. At Wenchi, results warrant no further work by Gold Fields. At the Asheba Project, assays were received from initial drilling completed in early 2011, which confirmed mineralization in two prospect areas consistent with expectations. Follow-up drilling is expected to be completed by mid-2012. At the Edwenase Project, soil sampling and trenching has defined several new targets which warrant drill testing. Drilling commenced in December 2011 and will continue into the first quarter of 2012. At the Boako Project, infill soil sampling has defined three priority zones which will be followed up with a combination of trenching, air-core and reverse circulation drilling.
At the Telikan gold project in Guinea, Gold Fields completed follow-up soil sampling and trenching on two targets which warrant drilling. A 5,000 meter reverse circulation drilling program commenced in December 2011.
Advanced Drilling Projects
In central British Columbia, Canada, Gold Fields is exploring the Woodjam project for copper-gold porphyry deposits. The project comprises two separate joint venture agreements which were signed in July 2009 and May 2010 with Fjordland Exploration Inc. and Cariboo Rose Resources, respectively, to earn up to a 70% interest. In November 2011, Fjordland Exploration and Cariboo Rose completed a plan of arrangement which spun out the Woodjam project into Consolidated Woodjam Copper Corp., a separate company now listed on the TSX Venture Exchange. The property comprises some 56,800 hectares covering several known porphyry copper and gold targets including the SE Zone, Takom, Megabuck and Deerhorn zones. Additional prospective third party concessions totaling 2,150 hectares within the project area were optioned during 2011 and have been incorporated into the joint venture. In July 2011, Gold Fields also signed a joint venture agreement to earn up to a 70% interest of the nearby 8,902 hectare Redgold copper-gold property which is owned by two private individuals.
95
In January 2011, the Woodjam project was promoted to the advanced drilling stage based on positive results of the initial drilling programs. As of November 2011, Gold Fields has completed a total of 53,534 meters of diamond drilling and 173 meters of reverse circulation drilling on multiple targets within the Woodjam project and completed the expenditure requirements to earn an initial 51% interest in the property by the end of December 2011. It has also completed 1,751 meters of diamond drilling on the adjacent Rand option and 2,174 meters of diamond drilling on the Redgold property. Gold Fields completed a conceptual mining study for the project and the maiden copper-gold resource for the South East zone as first reported in February 2012.
In southwestern Mali, Gold Fields is exploring the Yanfolila and adjacent Kangare gold projects. Yanfolila is an advanced drilling stage project which comprises 97,600 hectares of concessions covering several mineralized areas including the Komana East, Komana West, Kabaya South and Solona targets. Gold Fields owns an effective 85% interest of the Yanfolila properties (assuming a 10% interest will go to the Mali government upon granting of the mining license). Kangare is located north of Yanfolila and comprises 118,900 hectares of granted concessions and applications at the target definition and initial drilling stage. Gold Fields owns an effective 90% interest of the Kangare properties (assuming a 10% interest will go to the Mali government upon granting of the mining license). Additional drilling is in progress on several other targets and will continue into the second quarter of 2012. On the Kangare project, Gold Fields has completed extensive geophysical and geochemical surveys and aircore drilling to define several gold targets. Initial bedrock drilling using combined reverse circulation and diamond drilling at the Tinguele target in August 2011 defined a large gold-bearing alteration system. Follow-up drilling is in progress.
In northwestern Kyrgyzstan, Gold Fields owns a 60% interest in the Talas joint venture with partner Orsu Metals Corporation. The Talas joint venture covers four exploration licenses which are prospective for copper-gold porphyry deposits. Most of the exploration work completed has focused on the Taldybulak copper-gold deposit. Due to ongoing social and political unrest in Kyrgyzstan, field work has been suspended. In October 2011, a new President was elected and he is in the process of consolidating his new government. Gold Fields and its partner will continue to monitor the situation and make a decision on the way forward by the end of the first quarter of 2012.
International Projects
Chucapaca Feasibility Study
In February 2010, Gold Fields, through its exploration subsidiary, Minera Gold Fields Peru S.A., completed its back-in right to earn a 51% interest in the Chucapaca joint venture project with Compania de Minas Buenaventura S.A., or Buenaventura, in southern Peru. Gold Fields and Buenaventura have registered Canteras del Hallazgo S.A.C., or CDH, as the joint venture company to hold, explore, and potentially develop the Chucapaca gold-copper property. Following completion of a scoping study in 2010, Gold Fields, through CDH, commenced a feasibility study for the Canahuire deposit on the Chucapaca Project.
Gold Fields is making progress towards completion of the Canahuire feasibility study and the submission of an environmental impact assessment, or EIA. A total of 12 drill rigs have been on site during 2011 working on infill and geotechnical drilling within the Canahuire resource area. Results were consistent with expectations and a feasibility study is planned for completion in the second half of fiscal 2012. The additional completed drilling included sterilization drilling and additional holes for the collection of metallurgical samples. Metallurgical variability tests have been completed and a metallurgical optimization study is in progress. The results of this work will feed into the plant throughput and process design for the EIA and the feasibility study. Baseline work for the EIA is expected to be completed in the second half of 2012. However, recent legislation like the Law of Previous Consultation requiring the government to consult with indigenous or tribal communities on legislative or administrative measures that may directly affect their collective rights could delay the process of governmental approval. In this case, governmental approval of the EIA and the social license might take longer than Gold Fields initially projected, therefore resulting in delays to the development of the project. As part of Gold Fields formal agreements with the communities, a significant effort has been made to hire and train local employees as well as establish sustainable development programs within the communities impacted by the project.
During fiscal 2011, Gold Fields announced that it expects the initial investment at Chucapaca to be increased to $1.2 billion from $750 million on a 100% basis.
96
Greater Damang Project Pre-feasibility Study
The Greater Damang Project comprises a pre-feasibility study aiming to develop large cutback on the existing Huni-Damang-Juno deposits at the Damang mine in southwest Ghana. A potential Superpit with a length of nearly 3.5 kilometers was identified in 2010 following conceptual modeling of the deposit, and confirmed as potentially viable by a 25,000 meter proof-of-concept drilling program completed in May 2011.
Pre-feasibility studies commenced in June 2011. A further 38,000 metres of drilling was completed to provide drilling suitable for declaration of an Indicated Resource. Additional work includes detailed evaluation of the open pit cutback potential, geotechnical drilling of the deposit, design and financial evaluation of new processing facilities capable of supporting increased production rates, and a full environmental assessment. The project is progressing to schedule to be completed in the first half of 2012 and to potentially move into feasibility, assuming a positive result.
Arctic Platinum Project Scoping Study
The Arctic Platinum Project is located approximately 60 kilometers south of the city of Rovaniemi in northern Finland. APP is assessing a number of potential surface mineable platinum group elements plus copper and nickel deposits located within the Portimo and Narkaus mafic layered intrusions.
From 2009, Gold Fields has investigated the potential of applying the hydrometallurgical process, Platsol®, instead of off-site smelting options to recover copper, nickel, gold and the platinum group elements (platinum, palladium and rhodium) from flotation concentrates, which would be produced in an on-site facility. Initial metallurgical testwork returned positive results and further engineering work was conducted to provide initial operating and capital cost estimates to use hydrometallurgical recovery on a commercial scale at APP.
Gold Fields proceeded to full scale Platsol® pilot plant testwork in 2011. All testwork demonstrated that the process can provide a viable option for the Suhanko Project ores. Optimization of the process and trade-off studies concerning processing options and product marketing remained ongoing at the end of 2011 and will continue into 2012.
Additional work completed in 2011 included updating of the environmental permitting requirements for the Suhanko Project and potential extensions, and drilling of additional prospects in the immediate Suhanko area to scope the potential for additional material for the project. Drilling, additional metallurgical testwork, and ongoing mining and project pre-feasibility studies will continue through 2012 with an aim to complete a pre-feasibility study by the end of 2012.
Far Southeast Scoping Study
On September 20, 2010 Gold Fields entered into two option agreements with Lepanto, the 60% owner, and Liberty, the 40% owner of the gold-copper FSE, in the Philippines granting Gold Fields an option to acquire a 60% interest in FSE for a total consideration of $340 million. After paying option fees of $10.0 million and making two down-payments of $44 million and $66 million in September 2010 and September 2011 respectively, Gold Fields decided to bring forward half of the remaining $220 million payment to acquire Libertys 40% interest in FSE. Gold Fields continues to hold its option to acquire an additional 20% stake in FSE from Lepanto for a further $110 million, which, if exercised, would increase its total interest in FSE to 60%.
The Liberty and Lepanto options were initially granted to Gold Fields for the later of 18 months from signature in September 2010 or the date of receiving a FTAA for the project. A FTAA licence allows a foreign corporation to control a majority interest in a Philippine mining project. Notwithstanding this provision, Gold Fields had the discretion to exercise either option prior to the FTAA being granted and decided to exercise the Liberty option earlier than originally planned due to the fact that: due diligence results to date
97
demonstrate significant upside to the resource potential; by acquiring ownership of 40% Gold Fields was able to demonstrate its commitment to the project and formalize its partnership with Lepanto; and the early exercise of the Liberty option does not affect the remaining 20% Lepanto option, which continues to be exercisable in accordance with the terms of the agreement.
The FTAA application for the FSE project was filed in November 2011 and based on the date of the filing Gold Fields expects it could be granted in the second half of 2012. Gold Fields also expects to have a maiden resource statement for FSE and commence a pre-feasibility study later this year.
During 2011, eight underground diamond drill rigs operated from an underground drilling platform on the 700 meter level of the existing Lepanto Mine. Activities were suspended in October 2011 following a rush of water from historic mine workings which flooded pumping facilities and subsequently the drilling platforms. Drilling is scheduled to recommence beginning in the first quarter of 2012 and ramping up to full production by mid 2012. Nearly 31,000 meters of drilling had been completed by December 31, 2011. Early drill results support the existence and extent of the known core of mineralization and identified further extensions, both laterally and at depth, outside of the main central zone of higher grade mineralization. Drilling will continue to scope the system and infill. In addition to the drilling and as part of the due diligence studies of Gold Fields, a comprehensive geotechnical program is underway as well as studies on hydrogeology, mining methods and potential sites for tailings disposal and infrastructure. Approval for surface drilling was obtained during the third quarter of 2011, and ground preparation and drilling has commenced. The community relations team has ramped up its activities in the district and initiated sustainable development programs in partnership with the local communities
Near Mine Exploration
The St. Ives mine in Australia is in the process of building up the Athena-Hamlet complex within the highly prospective Argo-Athena camp. The camp is situated within the St. Ives lease area, five kilometers from the Lefroy Plant CIL processing facility. After its initial discovery in 2006, the Athena mine development commenced in 2009. Construction at the Athena mine was completed during fiscal 2010 and the mine reached commercial levels of production during fiscal 2011. Development of the Hamlet mine commenced in calendar 2010 utilizing the same Athena portal site and infrastructure, and first ore development commenced in late fiscal 2011.
Framework diamond drilling has been completed around the Victory complex. Prospective new mineralization has been identified to the west of the current Leviathan pit which will require follow up. Additional mineralization was also identified in the vicinity of the Britannia Footwall, Sirius and Paddys resources.
Target generation drilling was carried out at several other targets and reserve conversion and extensional drilling is in progress at Athena, Hamlet and Cave rocks.
At the Agnew gold mine in Australia, recent drilling has identified three high grade ore-shoots developing at depth on the Waroonga Main Lode North; the Fitzroy, the Bengal and the Hastings shoots. The Fitzroy and Bengal shoots plunge steeply to the northwest and may intersect with the Porphyry Link Zone which was previously identified between the Main North and Kim Lodes. Results of drilling have been positive and an initial surface deep drilling program remained in progress through the end of 2011 aiming to define inferred resources on high grade shoots (termed Fitzroy, Bengal and Hastings) in this area. Additional follow-up drilling will be completed in 2012.
Assay results from two new holes into the Porphyry Link Zone suggest that the extensions to the shallow plunging, moderate grade mineralization situated on the southern edge of the Kim South Lode extends to the south and may potentially join up with the high grade mineralization in the Fitzroy and Bengal Shoots. Although the immediate focus at Waroonga will be on confirming grade and continuity of the high grade shoots, this mineralized trend between Kim Lode and the Fitzroy Shoot requires follow-up which will also be scheduled for the 2012 work program.
98
Recent reconnaissance aircore drilling was completed to the north of the Cinderella deposit. Two zones of shallow mineralization were delineated, approximately 200 meter and one kilometer respectively north of the potential Cinderella pit position. A follow-up drilling program is planned.
At the Damang gold mine in Ghana, the Greater Damang Project described under International Projects forms the main site project for 2011 and 2012. To accompany this initiative, additional near mine activities will focus on the definition of potential extensions to the Rex and Amoanda deposits to the south of the Greater Damang Project area. Considerable depth and strike potential exists on both project areas as highlighted in the full geological review completed in 2011 by external consulting specialists. Drilling late in 2011 has tested the immediate strike extent of Amoanda and activities will continue into 2012.
Early stage exploration activity has been limited at Damang in recent history. Recent re-interpretation work over the entire tenement holding has highlighted a number of conceptually prospective target areas. Target definition and initial drilling activities are planned for 2012 to test the highest ranking prospects including the Bonsa Forest Hydrothermal and the Central Anticline prospect.
At the Cerro Corona copper-gold mine in Peru, initial assay results of the recently completed Phase 2 infill and extensional drilling program appear to generally confirm the existing resource model, with local areas of either higher or lower grade than modeled. The data will be used to develop a revised litho-structural-alteration model and resource update to better define the Life of Mine reserves.
Exploration framework drilling commenced in June 2011 on the adjacent Sylvita Project. Of the five holes completed, three have successfully intersected altered porphyry and two intersected limestone with narrower dykes intruding the sequence. Skarn and sulphide manto mineralization has been observed in the limestone close to dykes and the porphyry, with some indications of localized strong copper mineralization.
The Oxide Stockpile Drilling project was completed in June 2011. Assays received confirmed the estimated grade of the stockpile, as well as distribution and levels of soluble copper (which were very low) within the stockpile stack. Full analysis and modeling of the stockpiles was completed in July 2011.
Insurance
Gold Fields insurance policies provide coverage for general liability, accidental loss or damage to its property, business interruption in the form of fixed operating costs or standing charges, material damage and other losses. While the bulk of these are insured through a captive insurance company domiciled in Gibraltar, not all potential losses are covered. Gold Fields does not insure all potential losses associated with its operations as some insurance premiums are considered to be too high, some risks are considered too remote to insure and some types of insurance cover are not available. Should an event occur for which there is no or limited insurance cover, this could affect Gold Fields cash flows and profitability.
Management believes that the scope and amount of insurance coverage is adequate, taking into account the probability and potential severity of each identified risk. Gold Fields insurance coverage is consistent with customary practice for a gold mining company of its size with multinational operations. See Risk FactorsGold Fields insurance coverage may prove inadequate to satisfy potential claims.
Environmental and Regulatory Matters
South Africa
Environmental
Gold Fields South African operations are subject to various laws relating to the protection of the environment. South Africas Constitution grants the people of South Africa the right to an environment that is not harmful to human health or well-being and to protection of that environment for the benefit of present and future
99
generations through reasonable legislative and other measures. The Constitution and the National Environmental Management Act 107 of 1998, or NEMA, as well as various other related pieces of legislation grant legal standing to a wide range of people and interest groups to bring legal proceedings to enforce their environmental rights, which are enforceable against private entities as well as the South African government.
South African environmental legislation commonly requires businesses whose operations may have an impact on the environment to obtain permits and authorizations for those operations. The applicable environmental legislation also imposes general compliance requirements and incorporates the polluter pays principle. Under the terms of the 2002 Minerals and Petroleum Resources Development Act, or the MPRDA, all prospecting and mining operations are to be conducted according to an environmental management plan/program which must be approved by the DMR. Directors will be held liable under provisions of the MPRDA and NEMA for any environmental degradation. See Mineral Rights.
South African mining companies are required by law to undertake rehabilitation works as part of their ongoing operations in accordance with an approved environmental management plan/program, which supports a mine closure plan. In addition, during the operational life of the mine they must provide for the cost of premature mine closure rehabilitation and post-closure maintenance and monitoring once mining operations cease. Gold Fields funds these environmental rehabilitation costs by making contributions into an environmental trust fund. The current estimated cost for rehabilitation associated with premature closure is fully funded in the form of cash in DMR-controlled trust funds and insurance guarantees. The trust fund system enables annual revisions and associated payments to be made in a tax-efficient way, while providing comfort to the regulators that the operator has the means to rehabilitate any mine after operations have ceased. As of December 31, 2011, Gold Fields had contributed more than Rand 1,313.3 million, including accrued interest, to the fund and has obtained insurance guarantees for the remaining environmental liability. Gold Fields has implemented environmental management systems in compliance with ISO 14001 throughout its operations in South Africa, and has received full certification under ISO 14001 for all surface portions of its South African operations including the shafts. South Deep is now aligned with the other operations in terms of its environmental management system which was successfully certified in fiscal 2009.
In addition, Gold Fields became a signatory to the International Cyanide Management Code, or Cyanide Code, on November 3, 2005, along with nine gold companies and five cyanide manufacturers. All of Gold Fields operations are committed to ongoing compliance with the Cyanide Code. The implementation structure of the Cyanide Code allows the operations up to three years from the date of becoming a signatory to have independent, third-party audits conducted to evaluate compliance status. As of March 2010, all of Gold Fields operations had obtained full compliance under the Cyanide Code.
Under the National Water Act, all water in the hydrological cycle is under the custodianship of the State held in trust for the people of South Africa and water users have been required to re-register their water uses. In addition, the National Water Act governs waste water and waste water discharge into water resources. Gold Fields continues to use all reasonable and practical measures to remove underground water to permit the routine safe functioning of its South African mines by means of pumping in order to preserve the quality and quantity of natural water. The pumping and discharging of water (or the dewatering process) for safe mining purposes preserves the quality of naturally occurring water because the water is captured at points in the mine where it has not come into contact with mined out areas where it could be exposed to pollution sources like pyrite. The Kloof operation was issued a water use license in December 2008 that expired in December 2011. The Group has applied for a renewal and amendment to this license. Pending approval of the Kloof water use license, the Group has obtained a regulatory directive from the DWA, that permits the continuation of water uses at its Kloof operations while its application is being processed. Historically, the Group has been in compliance with the license granted to the Kloof operation in 2008. However, since February 2011, the water discharged from one of the shafts of the KDC operation covered by the Kloof license has exceeded the discharge parameters specified by the license. The Group has informed the DWA and has investigated the cause of the exceedance. One of the key findings of the investigation was that the increased discharge was most likely due to external variables beyond the control of Gold Fields. Based on this information, Gold Fields was granted a concession that included
100
a correction to the discharge limit, which now accounts for the change and renders Kloof compliant. The Driefontien operation was also recently issued a water use license. However, due to certain discrepancies in the information provided for the water use license, the group has been in discussions, with the DWA to revise the license and, in addition, will be applying for an amendment to the water use license to include certain water uses previously not required and therefore not previously applied for. The Group believes that it is discharging water within the parameters of the license but there can be no assurance that a revised license will be issued or that the DWA will not determine that the Group is not in compliance with its requirements.
While there was a delay in processing the water use license application at South Deep, which was submitted within the applicable time limits, Gold Fields was issued a new water use license for South Deep in December 2011. The DWA has advised Beatrix, which had pre-existing water permits of indefinite length, that its current water usage remains authorized and it need not apply for a new license. However, Beatrix has nevertheless submitted a water use license application process which is currently being processed. Therefore, management believes that the South African operations now have all required authorizations to undertake regulated water uses for purposes of carrying out its mining operations.
The Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Act 45 of 1965, or APPA, has been repealed and while some of the regulations promulgated under APPA remain in force, air pollution is now regulated under The National Environmental Management Air Quality Act, 2004, or Air Quality Act. Scheduled processes are now listed under the Section 21 Notice, and minimum emission standards have been set for each listed activity. If a process is listed, it will be necessary to convert existing APPA registration certificates to Atmospheric Emission Licenses under the Air Quality Act, or to apply for such a license under the Air Quality Act. Gold Fields believes it is on schedule to obtain Atmospheric Emission Licenses under the Air Quality Act in relation to its South African operations, where applicable. Monitoring of stack emissions in accordance with the concentration limits set out in the Notice will also be required. To the extent that more stringent requirements may be introduced regarding dust, Gold Fields is positioning itself operationally over the near to medium term.
The National Environmental Management Amendment Act 62 of 2008, or NEMAA, was promulgated on January 9, 2009 and came into effect on May 1, 2009. The Minerals and Petroleum Resources Development Amendment Act 49 of 2008, or MPRDAA, was promulgated on April 21, 2009, although a commencement date has not been proclaimed by the President. The 2010 Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations, or EIA Regulations, as contained in Government Notices 543-546 of June 18, 2010, commenced on August 2, 2010. These replace the 2006 EIA Regulations. The effect of the amendments as contained in the NEMAA and the MPRDAA will ultimately mean that NEMA will be responsible for all environmental authorizations for and relating to mining and the Minister of Water and Environmental Affairs will be the relevant authority. There are three relevant periods or phases that will take place before the ultimate position is achieved. Until the MPRDAA comes into effect, as well as during the first 18 month period after such effect, the MPRDA is the applicable legislation and the Minister of Mineral Resources is the responsible authority for all environmentally related mining activities. Once the first 18 month period has elapsed, the provisions relating to the environment will be excised from the MPRDA and included in NEMA. NEMA will contain all the environmental provisions relating to mining, therefore environmental authorizations will be applied for in terms of NEMA. The Minister of Mineral Resources will remain the responsible authority and appeals may be directed to the Minister of Water and Environmental Affairs. Upon completion of the second 18 month period, that is three years after the commencement of the MPRDAA, NEMA will be the applicable legislation for all environmental provisions relating to mining and the Minister of Water and Environmental Affairs will then be the responsible authority. In the interim and in anticipation of these changes, Gold Fields encourages co-operative governance between the two departments by ensuring that all EIA applications are channeled through both.
The South African government is considering the introduction of a carbon tax in 2013 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The proposed carbon tax is Rand 120 per ton CO2-e, however, 60% of emissions would initially be tax exempt. The 60% discount will continue to apply until 2020. The net carbon tax will therefore only be R48 per ton CO2-e. The R48 per ton will be escalated by 10% per annum until 2020. The 60% discount will be scaled back gradually from 2020 until 2025 and may be replaced by absolute emissions thresholds thereafter.
101
emissions thresholds thereafter. A revised policy paper which discusses the proposed carbon tax and the possibility of introducing a trading scheme for greenhouse gases is expected to be released by the South African government for public comment later this year.
Although South Africa has a comprehensive environmental regulatory framework, enforcement of environmental law has traditionally been poor. The DWEA has indicated that enforcement will improve and Environmental Management Inspectors have been appointed under NEMA. The Environmental Management Inspectors have commenced with environmental inspections and investigations at some of the major industrial facilities. The focus to date has been on those industries that impact heavily on air quality, such as platinum mines and the steel industry.
The National Environmental Management Waste Act, 2008, or the Waste Act, commenced on July 1, 2009 (with the exception of certain sections relating to contaminated land). The Waste Act does not apply to residue deposits and residue stockpiles (which are regulated by the MPRDA). The application of the Waste Act to mining operations is minimal, an example of which would be the establishment of a waste storage facility on the mine.
Gold Fields undertakes activities which are regulated by the National Nuclear Regulator Act 47 of 1999, or the NNR Act. The NNR Act requires Gold Fields to obtain authorization from the National Nuclear Regulator, or NNR, and undertake activities in accordance with the conditions of such authorizations. The NNR has alleged certain non-compliance issues relating to radiation levels in water running adjacent to certain of Gold Fields properties. Gold Fields does not concede the accuracy of the NNR samples and has taken its own samples, which have proven to be acceptable. Despite this and Gold Fields belief that it has not breached compliance with the NNR Act, it is in regular ongoing discussions with the NNR regarding the possible remediation of these areas as part of an industry initiative. All of the Groups South African mining operations possess and maintain Certificates of Registration issued by the NNR.
It has been publicly indicated by various individuals purporting to represent certain non-governmental organizations and other interested parties that they believe that Gold Fields, together with various other mining companies in South Africa, have polluted the water in and around the Wonderfontein spruit, which is a catchment area in the West Wits Basin. This may lead to action being taken against Gold Fields, individually or collectively with other mining companies, and/or against the regulator. In March 2008, Gold Fields and two other mining companies received letters of demand from attorneys representing Duffuel (Pty) Ltd, or Duffuel, claiming substantial damages in the sum of R50 million based on this alleged pollution. In April 2009, Duffuel instituted action for damages of approximately R100 million against one of the other mining companies, but as yet no such action has been instituted against Gold Fields.
During fiscal 2008, a decision was taken by the Executive Committee to consolidate and contextualize the environmental and associated legal risks at the South African operations. This was done through a due diligence exercise conducted by two external firms that specialize in environmental risk and environmental law, respectively. The reason for selecting these firms was to ensure objectivity and to maintain an irreproachable level of credibility. The exercise was expected to fully identify the South African operations current risk profile in terms of environmental and associated legal risks. The results of this exercise have been finalized and has formed the basis upon which existing strategies were reviewed and modified so as to reduce any risks that have been identified. The implementation of this process is ongoing and is being monitored as part of the current systems and processes at each of the operations.
Health and Safety
The principal objective of the South African Mine Health and Safety Act No. 29 of 1996, or the Mine Health and Safety Act, is to protect the health and safety of persons at mines. The Mine Health and Safety Act requires that employers and others ensure their operating and non-operating mines provide a safe and healthy working environment, determines penalties and a system of administrative fines for non-compliance and gives
102
the Minister of Mineral Resources the right to restrict or stop work at any mine and require an employer to take steps to minimize health and safety risks at any mine. The Mine Health and Safety Act further provides for employee participation through the establishment of health and safety committees and by requiring the appointment of health and safety representatives. It also gives employees the right to refuse dangerous work. Finally, it describes the powers and functions of the MHSI (which inspectorate is part of the DMR and the process of enforcement).
Under the Mine Health and Safety Act, an employer is obligated, among other things, to ensure, as far as reasonably practicable, that its mines are designed, constructed and equipped to provide conditions for safe operation and a healthy working environment and the mines are commissioned, operated, maintained and decommissioned in such a way that employees can perform their work without endangering their health and safety or that of any other person. Every employer must ensure, as far as reasonably practicable, that persons who are not employees, but who may be directly affected by the activities at a mine, are not exposed to any hazards to their health and safety.
The Mine Health and Safety Amendment Act came into operation on May 30, 2009. It criminalizes violations of the Mine Health and Safety Act and increases the maximum fines. Any owner convicted in terms of the above offenses may have its mining licenses withdrawn or suspended, be fined up to R3 million and/or be imprisoned for a period not exceeding five years, while the maximum fine for other offenses and administrative fines are increased, with the highest fine being R1 million per occurrence. Two sections of the Mine Health and Safety Amendment Act, which create new offenses of contravening or failing to implement provisions of the Mine Health and Safety Act resulting in a persons death and vicarious liability for an employer where certain persons commit an offense and the employer permitted or did not take all reasonable steps to prevent the persons actions, have not yet come into effect. Several mining companies objected to them on constitutional grounds and the government agreed that they would not come into effect pending further discussion with the industry. In fiscal 2011, the DMR increased enforcement of certain provisions of the Mine Health and Safety Act with respect to compliance with, and adoption of, leading practice at all mines. In response, Gold Fields senior leadership engaged with the DMR to ensure that Gold Fields is taking appropriate proactive steps to enhance safety and minimize risk.
In December 2011, the DMR commenced an audit campaign for all mines in South Africa to inspect mine health and safety systems and verify compliance with regulations. The DMR intends to complete the nation-wide audits by May 2012 and formal audit reports will be available at that time.
The principal health risks associated with Gold Fields mining operations in South Africa arise from occupational exposure to silica dust, noise, heat and certain hazardous chemicals. The most significant occupational diseases affecting Gold Fields workforce include lung diseases (such as silicosis, tuberculosis, a combination of the two and COAD) as well as NIHL. The ODMWA governs the payment of compensation and medical costs related to certain illnesses, such as silicosis, contracted by persons employed in mines or at sites where activities ancillary to mining are conducted. Occupational healthcare services are made available by Gold Fields to employees from its existing facilities. Pursuant to proposed changes in the ODMWA, Gold Fields may experience an increase in the cost of these services. See Risk FactorsGold Fields operations in South Africa are subject to environmental and health and safety regulations, which could impose significant costs and burdens. This increased cost, should it transpire, is currently indeterminate.
Until recently, the mining industry believed, as previous cases had indicated that a provision in the Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act, or the COIDA, precluded an employee from recovering any damages from the employer for an occupational injury or disease resulting in his disablement or death, if compensation had been paid to the employee either under COIDA or under the ODMWA. Under ODMWA employees are entitled to compensation arising from their employment in mines in respect of such diseases as, pneumoconiosis, tuberculosis, permanent diseases of cardio-respiratory organs and the like. The Constitutional Court, being the highest court in the land on the issue in question, has now ruled that a claim for compensation under ODMWA does not prevent the employee from seeking to recover compensation from the employer concerned in a civil action under common law (either as individuals or as a
103
class). While issues, such as negligence and causation, need to be proved on a case by case basis, it is nevertheless possible that such ruling could expose Gold Fields to claims related to occupational hazards and diseases (including silicosis), which may be in the form of a class action or similar group claim. If Gold Fields were to face a significant number of such claims and the claims were suitably established against the Group, the payment of compensation for the claims could have a material adverse effect on the Groups results of operations and financial condition. In addition, Gold Fields may incur significant additional costs arising out of these issues, including costs relating to the payment of fees, increased levies or other contributions in respect of compensatory or other funds established (if any) and expenditures arising out of its efforts to resolve any outstanding claims or other potential action.
Mineral Rights
The MPRDA
The MPRDA came into effect on May 1, 2004. The MPRDA vests the right to prospect and mine in the state (which includes the rights to grant prospecting and mining rights on behalf of the nation) to be administered by the government of South Africa in order to, among other things, promote equitable access to the nations mineral resources by South Africans, expand opportunities for historically disadvantaged persons who wish to participate in the South African mining industry, advance social and economic development, and create an internationally competitive and efficient administrative and regulatory regime, based on the universally accepted principle, and consistent with common international practice, that mineral resources are part of a nations patrimony. In accordance with the MPRDA, the DMR on April 29, 2009 published a Code of Good Practice for the Minerals Industry and the Housing and Living Conditions Standard for the Minerals Industry relating to the socio-economic transformation of the mining industry. However, certain provisions of the Code appeared to be inconsistent with the Mining Charter, or to go beyond the scope envisaged by the MPRDA. Various industry participants have been in discussions with the DMR regarding the scope and applicability of the Code, the operation of which appears to be in abeyance.
Under the MPRDA, prospecting rights are initially granted for a maximum period of five years and can be renewed once upon application for a further period not exceeding three years. Mining rights are valid for a maximum period of 30 years, and can be renewed upon application for further periods, each of which may not exceed 30 years. Provision is made for the grant of retention permits, which would have a maximum term of three years and could be renewed once upon application for a further two years. A retention permit suspends the terms and conditions of a prospecting right under certain conditions if the mining of the mineral in question would be uneconomical due to prevailing market conditions. A wide range of factors and principles, including proposals relating to black economic empowerment and social responsibility, will be considered by the Minister of Minerals Resources when exercising her discretion whether to grant these applications. A mining right can be canceled if the mineral to which such mining right relates is not mined at an optimal rate. In November 2006, the DMR approved the conversion of Gold Fields mining licenses under the old regulatory regime at Kloof, Driefontein and Beatrix into rights under the new regime. During May 2010, the DMR approved the conversion of the South Deep old order mining rights into a new-order mining right. Included in this approval was an additional portion of ground known as Uncle Harrys, which is contiguous to South Deep. The durations of the South Deep mining right and the Uncle Harrys mining right are both 30 years. The cumulative effect of this approval, together with the previous conversions for the Driefontein, Kloof and Beatrix gold mines granted in January 2007, is that all of Gold Fields South African mines have now received their new-order mining rights. See Additional InformationMaterial ContractsBlack Economic Empowerment Transactions. Pursuant to the terms of the MPRDA, a Mining Charter for effecting entry of HDSAs into the mining industry became effective on May 1, 2004. The Mining Charters stated objectives are to:
| promote equitable access to South Africas mineral resources for all the people of South Africa; |
| substantially and meaningfully expand opportunities for HDSAs, including women, to enter the mining and minerals industry and to benefit from the exploitation of South Africas mineral resources; |
104
| utilize the existing skills base for the empowerment of HDSAs; |
| expand the skills base of HDSAs in order to serve the community; |
| promote employment and advance the social and economic welfare of mining communities and areas supplying mining labor; and |
| promote beneficiation of South Africas mineral commodities beyond mining and processing, including the production of consumer products. |
To achieve these objectives, the charter requires that, within five years of its May 1, 2004 effective date, each mining company achieve a 15% HDSA ownership of mining assets and, within ten years of that date, a 26% HDSA ownership of mining assets. Ownership can comprise active involvement, through HDSA-controlled companies (where HDSAs own at least 50% plus one share of the company and have management control), strategic joint ventures or partnerships (where HDSAs own at least 25% plus one vote of the joint venture or partnership interest and there is joint management and control) or collective investment vehicles, the majority ownership of which is HDSA based, or passive involvement, particularly through broad-based vehicles such as employee stock option plans. The charter envisages measuring progress on transformation of ownership by:
| taking into account, among other things, attributable units of production controlled by HDSAs; |
| allowing flexibility by credits or offsets, so that, for example, where HDSA participation exceeds any set target in a particular operation, the excess may be offset against shortfalls in another operation; |
| taking into account previous empowerment deals in determining credits and offsets; and |
| considering special incentives to encourage the retention by HDSAs of newly acquired equity for a reasonable period. |
It is envisaged that transactions will take place in a transparent manner and for fair market value with stakeholders meeting after five years to review progress in achieving the 26% target. This review occurred in 2010 and particulars of the outcome and revisions to the Mining Charter are addressed below. Under the charter, the mining industry as a whole agreed to assist HDSA companies in securing finance to fund participation in an amount of Rand 100 billion over the first five years. Beyond the Rand 100 billion commitment, HDSA participation will be increased on a willing seller-willing buyer basis, at fair market value, where the mining companies are not at risk.
In addition, the charter requires, among other things, that mining companies:
| spell out plans for achieving employment equity at management level with a view to achieving a baseline of 40% HDSA participation in management and achieving a baseline of 10% participation by women in the mining industry, in each case within five years; |
| give HDSAs preferred supplier status, where possible, in the procurement of capital goods, services and consumables; and |
| identify current levels of beneficiation and indicate opportunities for growth. |
The charter also requires mining companies to submit annual, audited reports on progress toward their commitments, as part of an ongoing review process.
Following a review, the DMR released the Amended Mining Charter on September 13, 2010. The requirement under the Mining Charter for mining entities to achieve a 26% HDSA ownership of mining assets by the year 2014 has been retained. Amendments to the Mining Charter in the Amended Mining Charter include, inter alia, the requirement by mining companies to (i) facilitate local beneficiation of mineral commodities; (ii) procure a minimum of 40% of capital goods, 70% of services and 50% of consumer goods from HDSA suppliers (i.e. suppliers of which a minimum of 25% + 1 vote of their share capital must be owned by HDSAs) by 2014. These targets will however be exclusive of non-discretionary procurement expenditure; (iii) ensure that multinational suppliers of capital goods contribute a minimum of 0.5% of their annual income generated from
105
South African mining companies towards the socio-economic development of South African communities into a social development fund from 2010; (iv) achieve a minimum of 40% HDSA demographic representation by 2014 at executive management (board) level, senior management (EXCO) level, core and critical skills, middle management level and junior management level; (v) invest up to 5% of annual payroll in essential skills development activities; and (vi) implement measures to improve the standards of housing and living conditions for mineworkers by converting or upgrading mineworkers hostels into family units, attaining an occupancy rate of one person per room and facilitating home ownership options for all mineworkers in consultation with organized labor, all of which must be achieved by 2014. In addition, mining companies are required to monitor and evaluate their compliance to the Amended Mining Charter, and must submit annual compliance reports to the DMR. The Scorecard for the Broad-Based Socio-Economic Empowerment Charter for the South African Mining Industry attached to the Amended Mining Charter, or the Scorecard, makes provision for a phased-in approach for compliance with the above targets over the five year period ending in 2014. For measurement purposes, the Scorecard allocates various weightings to the different elements of the Amended Mining Charter. Failure to comply with the provisions of the Amended Mining Charter will amount to a breach of the MPRDA and may result in the cancellation or suspension of a mining companys existing mining rights. For further information, please refer to Risk FactorsGold Fields mineral rights in South Africa are subject to legislation, which could impose costs and burdens.
The charter clarifies that it is not the governments intention to nationalize the mining industry. However, the ANC is considering a report which, among other things, imposes greater state intervention in the mining industry, including the imposition of new taxes and increasing the States holdings in mining companies.
The Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Amendment Bill
The BBBEE Act established a national policy on broad-based black economic empowerment with the objective of increasing the participation of black South Africans in the economy. The BBBEE Act provides for various measures to promote black economic empowerment, including empowering the Minister of Trade and Industry to issue the Codes with which organs of state and public entities and parties interacting with them or obtaining rights and licenses from them would be required to comply. There has been some debate as to whether or to what extent the mining industry was subject to the BBBEE Act and the policies and codes provided for thereunder. In December 2011, the Minister of Trade and Industry, published for public comment by the 9th of February 2012 a draft BBBEE Amendment bill, which has the effect of expanding and strengthening the black economic empowerment provisions of the BBBEE Act. It was expected that the draft bill would have clarified the extent, if any, of the application of the BBBEE Act to the mining industry, but such clarification has not been provided for in the draft bill. While it is anticipated that the draft bill will undergo various amendments before it becomes law, it should be appreciated that a risk exists that the companies in the mining industry may become subject to another layer of black economic empowerment regulation.
The Royalty Act
The Mineral and Petroleum Resources Royalty Act, 2008, or the Royalty Act, was promulgated on November 24, 2008 and came into operation on March 1, 2010. The Royalty Act imposes a royalty on refined and unrefined minerals payable to the State.
The royalty in respect of refined minerals (which include gold and platinum) is calculated by dividing earnings before interest and taxes, or EBIT, by the product of 12.5 times gross revenue calculated as a percentage, plus an additional 0.5%. EBIT refers to taxable mining income (with certain exceptions such as no deduction for interest payable and foreign exchange losses) before assessed losses but after capital expenditure. A maximum royalty of 5% of revenue has been introduced for refined minerals.
The royalty in respect of unrefined minerals (which include uranium) is calculated by dividing EBIT by the product of nine times gross revenue calculated as a percentage, plus an additional 0.5%. Where unrefined mineral resources (such as uranium) constitute less than 10% in value of the total composite mineral resources, the
106
royalty rate in respect of refined mineral resources may be used for all gross sales and a separate calculation of EBIT for each class of mineral resources is not required. For Gold Fields, this means that currently it will pay a royalty based on the refined minerals royalty calculation as applied to its gross revenue. The rate of royalty tax payable for fiscal 2011 was 1.54% of revenue. See Risk FactorsGold Fields mineral rights in South Africa are subject to new legislation, which could impose significant costs and burdensThe Royalty Act.
Exchange Controls
South African law provides for exchange control regulations which, among other things, restrict the outward flow of capital from the CMA. The Exchange Control Regulations, which are administered by the South African Reserve Bank, or the SARB, are applied throughout the CMA and regulate transactions involving South African residents, including companies. The basic purpose of the Exchange Control Regulations is to mitigate the negative effects caused by a decline of foreign capital reserves in South Africa, which may result in the devaluation of the Rand against other currencies. It is anticipated that the Exchange Control Regulations will remain in place for the foreseeable future. The South African government has, however, committed itself to gradually relaxing exchange controls and various relaxations have occurred in recent years. It is the stated objective of the authorities to achieve equality of treatment between residents and non-residents in relation to inflows and outflows of capital. The gradual approach to the abolition of exchange controls is designed to allow the economy to adjust more smoothly to the removal of controls that have been in place for a considerable period of time.
SARB approval is required for Gold Fields and its South African subsidiaries to receive and/or repay loans to non-residents of the CMA. Repayment of principal and interest on such loans will usually be approved where the payment is limited to the amount borrowed and a market-related rate of interest.
Funds raised outside of the CMA by Gold Fields non-South African resident subsidiaries (whether through debt or equity) can be used for overseas expansion, subject to any conditions imposed by the SARB. Gold Fields and its South African subsidiaries would, however, require SARB approval in order to provide guarantees for the obligations of any of Gold Fields subsidiaries with regard to funds obtained from non-residents of the CMA. Debt raised outside the CMA by Gold Fields non-South African subsidiaries must be repaid or serviced by those foreign subsidiaries. Absent SARB approval, income earned in South Africa by Gold Fields and its South African subsidiaries cannot be used to repay or service such foreign debts. Unless specific SARB approval has been obtained, income earned by one of Gold Fields foreign subsidiaries cannot be used to finance the operations of another foreign subsidiary.
Exchange Control Circulars No. 14/2011 and No. 19/2011 address foreign direct investments outside the CMA by South African companies. Transfers of funds from South Africa for the purchase of shares in offshore entities or for the creation or expansion of business ventures offshore require exchange control approval. However, if the investment is a new outward foreign direct investment where the total cost does not exceed R500 million per company per calendar year, the investment application may, without specific SARB approval, be processed by an authorized dealer, subject to all existing criteria and reporting obligations. In determining whether Gold Fields and its South African subsidiaries can invest overseas, the SARB will consider whether the investment meets certain requirements, including the benefit of the investment to South Africa. Gold Fields applies annually to the SARB for blanket approval for a specified amount for offshore exploration expenditure and to make exploration related foreign investments. The current approval allows for annual expenditure of up to U.S.$159 million per year. Gold Fields is required to provide the SARB with an annual update on the Groups activities, including any such exploration investments.
Prior to October 2009, South African entities operating Customer Foreign Currency accounts, or CFC Accounts, were obliged to convert foreign currency proceeds and repatriate to South Africa within 180 days. Under Exchange Control Circular No. 19/2009 issued in October 2009, the above restrictions have been abolished and South African entities are not required to convert and repatriate funds.
107
A listing by a South African company on any stock exchange other than the JSE for the purpose of raising capital needs permission from the SARB. Any such listing which would result in a South African company being redomiciled also needs approval from the Minister of Finance.
Gold Fields must obtain approval from the SARB regarding any capital raising involving a currency other than the Rand. In connection with its approval, it is possible that the SARB may impose conditions on Gold Fields use of the proceeds of any such capital raising, such as limits on Gold Fields ability to retain the proceeds of the capital raising outside South Africa or requirements that Gold Fields seeks further SARB approval prior to applying any such funds to a specific use. Any limitations imposed by the SARB on Gold Fields use of the proceeds of a capital raising could adversely affect Gold Fields financial and strategic flexibility. See Risk FactorsGold Fields financial flexibility could be materially constrained by South African exchange control regulations.
The current requirements for South African companies to obtain a significant equity interest in investments outside the CMA include the requirement that at least 10% of the foreign target entitys voting rights must be acquired. In addition, to further enable South African companies, trusts, partnerships and banks to manage their foreign exposure, they are to be permitted to participate without restriction in the Rand futures market on the JSE. This dispensation was also extended to investment in inward-listed (foreign) instruments on the JSE and the Bond Exchange of South Africa. In his budget speech of February 17, 2010, the Minister of Finance reaffirmed that his department was continuing its work on reforming the exchange control legislation and in the Medium Term Budget Policy Statement of October 25, 2011, he announced steps to streamline the procedure to enable corporates to invest in their foreign businesses.
New Companies Act and Business Rescue Proceedings
The Groups South African companies are subject to the applicable provisions of the South African Companies Act, 2008 which came into force on May 1, 2011. The new Companies Act modernizes and makes for a more flexible company law regime in South Africa, though in doing so, it has created various areas of uncertainty. Other than with respect to Schedule 5 as set out below, the Companies Act replaces the previous Companies Act, 1973, or the Old Companies Act, in its entirety.
In terms of the Companies Act, subject to certain provisions set out in the transitional arrangements, every pre-existing company that was, immediately before May 1, 2011, incorporated or registered in terms of the Old Companies Act continues to exist as a company as if it had been incorporated and registered in terms of the Companies Act, with the same name and registration number previously assigned to it.
The Companies Act extends shareholders rights against companies and directors, and directors, prescribed officers and committee members will now face more extensive and stricter grounds for personal liability for their actions in the company than they did under the Old Companies Act. The Companies Act introduces class action suits against companies, directors and company officers by persons whose rights are affected by the company. Companies will thus face a greater risk of litigation and the costs thereof.
Schedule 5 to the Companies Act provides that, until a date to be determined by the Minister of Trade and Industry, the Old Companies Act will continue to apply with respect to the winding up and liquidation of companies under the Companies Act as if the Old Companies Act had not been repealed, subject to certain provisions set out in Schedule 5. Accordingly, the winding-up of companies continues to be regulated by both the Old Companies Act and the Insolvency Act, 1936.
The Companies Act provides for business rescue, a substantively non-judicial, commercial process that, in the first instance, aims to rescue a financially distressed company and maximize the likelihood of the companys continued existence on a solvent basis. If business rescue is not possible, the aim is to ensure an outcome which provides a better return for the creditors or shareholders of a financially distressed company than would result
108
from the immediate liquidation of the company. Once appointed, a business rescue practitioner is given significant powers (subject to certain exceptions) to either cancel or suspend entirely, partially or conditionally any provision of an agreement to which a company is a party at the commencement of the business rescue period (other than an agreement of employment), notwithstanding any contrary provision contained in the agreement itself. Judicial management has been replaced in its entirety by the business rescue proceedings of the Companies Act.
Ghana
Environmental
The laws and regulations relating to the environment in Ghana have their roots in the 1992 Constitution which charges both the state and individuals with a duty to take appropriate measures to protect and safeguard the natural environment. Mining companies are also required, under the Minerals and Mining Act, Environmental Assessment Regulations 1999 (LI 1652) and Water Use Regulations 2001 (LI 1692), to obtain all necessary approvals from the Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, and the Forestry Commission before undertaking mining operations. The Minerals and Mining Act also requires the Ghanaian mines to comply with all laws for the protection of the environment.
Under the relevant environmental laws and regulations, mining operations are required to undergo an environmental impact assessment process and obtain approval for an environmental permit prior to commencing operations. Within 24 months of the date upon which operations commence, Ghanaian mining operations must submit an environmental management plan, or EMP, for the operations to obtain an environmental certificate. EMPs are submitted every three years and include details regarding the likely impact of the operation on the environment, including local communities, as well as a comprehensive plan and timetable for actions to lessen and remediate adverse impacts.
The laws also require mining operations to rehabilitate land disturbed as a result of mining operations pursuant to an environmental reclamation plan agreed with the Ghanaian environmental authorities. The reclamation plan provides an estimate of the costs to rehabilitate the mining area for the life of the mine, or the life of mine rehabilitation estimate, and an estimate of the costs to rehabilitate the mine as at the date of the reclamation plan, or the current estimated rehabilitation costs. These estimates are adjusted every two years, taking into account any new disturbance or rehabilitation undertaken during the two year period from the date of the previous estimate. The obligations to rehabilitate the mining area and to provide security for the rehabilitation costs is included in a reclamation security agreement negotiated with the Ghanaian EPA and signed by the mining company. Each mining company is required to secure a percentage (typically between 50% and 100%) of the current estimated rehabilitation costs by posting a reclamation bond and a cash deposit, which serve as a security deposit against default.
Updated reclamation plans are submitted to the Ghanaian EPA every two years with a readjustment of the calculated bond based on the current estimated rehabilitation costs. Gold Fields Ghanas current reclamation bond secures an amount of U.S.$7.4 million which is 50% of the rehabilitation costs estimated as at December 2005. The amount secured will be revised based on adjusted current estimated rehabilitation costs as at the date a new reclamation security agreement is signed. Upon submission of a Notice of Intent for the Tarkwa expansion project in 2006, Gold Fields Ghana was advised by the Ghanaian EPA to submit a new environmental impact statement, or EIS, and the EPA further advised Gold Fields Ghana to submit an updated reclamation plan and revised security bond agreement after the approval of the new EIS document. Gold Fields Ghana submitted a new EIS in February 2007 which was approved by the Ghanaian EPA in May 2007. A new environmental permit was issued in May 2007 allowing Gold Fields Ghana to continue operations subject to submission of a revised EMP for the site within 18 months. Gold Fields Ghana submitted a revised EMP to the Ghanaian EPA in November 2008 and the Ghanaian EPA responded in January 2009 that it was reviewing the document. In late June 2009, Gold Fields was advised by African Environmental Research Consultants to reformat the document and to address issues raised by consultants engaged by the Ghanaian EPA. The Ghanaian EPA has also asked that recommendations made in the Akoben inspection, a mine-wide audit conducted by consultants engaged by the Ghanaian EPA in July 2009, be incorporated in the EMP before the certificate is issued.
109
Gold Fields submitted a revised EMP, including the Akoben recommendations, in July 2010 to the EPA, covering the period 2010 to 2013. In June 2011, the Ghanaian EPA requested, and Gold Fields provided, an update of the reclamation bond. The update to the Ghanaian EPA covered additional disturbances not previously projected and changes in the rates for equipment hire which resulted in a current estimated liability of U.S.$47.9 million. This figure will be referenced in the certificate to be issued to the mine in due course and it is expected that the mine will renew its agreement based on this figure.
Abosso has submitted the required EMP and reclamation plans and is in compliance with all permit, certificate and reclamation requirements. Following submission of Damangs Environmental Management Plan 2005 to 2008 in August 2005, on January 23, 2006, Damangs environmental certificate was renewed for a further three years. A revised Environmental Management Plan for the period from 2008 to 2011 was submitted to the Ghanaian EPA in November 2008. The Ghanaian EPA has indicated that the new environmental certificate, which covers a three year period, will be issued after concerns raised in the Akoben inspection have been addressed. In October 2010, a revised EMP covering the period from 2010 to 2013 was submitted to the Ghanaian EPA and the certificate is currently pending. In March 2011, a letter was received from the EPA requesting for a payment of U.S.$60,000 before issuing the certificate. Abosso has since made the payment and is awaiting issuance. Under Ghanaian law, a mining company may continue operations while its application is being considered as long as all necessary filings have been made.
Abosso was the first mining company in Ghana to sign a reclamation security agreement, in May 2001. Following various intermediate amendments to the agreement, in April 2006, Abosso provided the Ghanaian EPA with a revised draft reclamation security agreement. Meetings with the Ghanaian EPA were held during 2007 and a further draft agreement was submitted to the Ghanaian EPA in November 2007. Abosso was asked to make certain amendments to this draft and submitted a final draft to the Ghanaian EPA in November 2008. A reclamation bond (in the form of an irrevocable letter of credit of U.S.$2.0 million) and a U.S.$200,000 cash deposit were provided as security. The bond expired in June 2011, but has been renewed, and is valid until December 31, 2012. The bond is expected to continue to be renewed until the amount required to be secured is revised by the Ghanaian EPA and a new reclamation security agreement can be signed with the Ghanaian EPA. In December 2011, Abosso submitted an updated life of mine Costed Reclamation Plan to the EPA and is awaiting a response. The current reclamation liability for Abosso is approximately U.S.$10.3 million (base case only) excluding local tax, preliminary and general.
Gold Fields has implemented environmental management systems in compliance with ISO 14001 throughout its operations in Ghana. Gold Fields operations in Ghana were re-certified under ISO 14001 (2007) during fiscal 2009 for a further three years.
Following Gold Fields becoming a signatory to the Cyanide Code on November 3, 2005, all its operations, including the Ghanaian operations, are committed to complying with the code. Certification under the code at both Ghana operations was achieved in May 2008. As of October 2009, all of Gold Fields eligible operations had obtained accreditation under the International Cyanide Management Code and were successfully re-accredited in fiscal 2011.
Health and Safety
A mine owner is statutorily obligated to, among other things, take steps to ensure that the mine is managed and worked in accordance with the regulations that provide for the safety and proper discipline of the mine workers. The regulations prescribe the measures to be taken at every mining operation to ensure the safety and health of mine workers. Additionally, Gold Fields is required, under the terms of its mining leases, to comply with the reasonable instructions of the Chief Inspector of Mines regarding health and safety in the mine. A violation of the provisions of the health and safety regulations or failure to comply with the reasonable instructions of the Chief Inspector of Mines could lead to, among other things, a shutdown of all or a portion of the mine or the imposition of costly compliance procedures, and, in the case of a violation of the regulations
110
relating to health and safety, constitutes an offense. Gold Fields, as the holder of the mining lease, has potential liability arising from injuries to, or deaths of, workers, including, in some cases, workers employed by its contractors. Although Ghanaian law provides statutory workers compensation for injuries or fatalities to workers, it is not the exclusive means for workers to claim compensation. Gold Fields insurance for health and safety claims or the relevant workers compensation may not be adequate to meet the costs which may arise upon any future health and safety claims. As a result, Gold Fields may suffer adverse consequences. See Risk FactorsGold Fields operations in Ghana are subject to environmental and health and safety regulations which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Every person resident in Ghana is required to belong to either a public or private health insurance scheme. Since August 1, 2004, to fund the National Health Insurance Fund, a levy of 2.5% has been imposed on goods and services produced or provided in, or imported into, Ghana, although certain types of machinery used in mining, as well as water and certain types of fuel, are exempt from the levy. Employers who establish or contribute to a private health insurance scheme are not exempt from payment of the levy.
Mineral Rights
Gold Fields Ghana holds five mining leases in respect of its operations at the Tarkwa property, each dated April 18, 1997, and two mining leases dated February 2, 1988 and June 18, 1992, respectively, for its operations at the former Teberebie property. The Tarkwa property mining leases all expire in 2027 and the Teberebie property mining leases both expire in 2018. Under the provisions of the Minerals and Mining Law, 1986 (PNDCL 153), or the Minerals and Mining Law, and the terms of the mining leases, all of the Tarkwa property and Teberebie property mining leases are renewable by agreement between Gold Fields Ghana and the government of Ghana.
Abosso holds a mining lease in respect of the Damang mine dated April 19, 1995, as amended by an agreement dated April 4, 1996. This lease expires in 2025. Abosso also holds a mining lease in respect of Lima South, dated March 22, 2006, which expires in 2017. As with the Tarkwa and Teberebie mining leases, these leases are renewable under their terms and the provisions of the Minerals and Mining Law by agreement between Abosso and the government of Ghana.
In addition, under Ghanaian law, the Tarkwa property mining leases are subject to the ratification of parliament. The Minerals Commission, the statutory corporation overseeing the mining operations on behalf of the government of Ghana, has confirmed that the Tarkwa property leases have been ratified by parliament.
A license is required for the export, sale or other disposal of minerals and the permission of the Chief Inspector of Mines is required to remove minerals obtained by the holder of a mineral right. Under Ghanaian law, the government has the right to compel the sale to it of all mineral rights obtained in Ghana and all products derived from the refining or treatment of minerals. However, the current project development agreement entitles Gold Fields to export and sell its entire production of gold and by-products. In respect of Abosso, the government has agreed not to exercise these pre-emption rights for as long as Abosso follows such procedure for marketing its products as may be approved by the Bank of Ghana acting on the advice of the Minerals Commission.
The Minerals and Mining Act came into force on March 31, 2006. Although the Minerals and Mining Act repealed the Minerals and Mining Law, and the amendments to it, the Minerals and Mining Act provides that leases, permits and licenses granted or issued under the repealed laws will continue under those laws unless the Minister responsible for minerals provides otherwise by regulation. Therefore, unless and until such regulations are passed in respect of Gold Fields mineral rights, the Minerals and Mining Law will continue to apply to Gold Fields current operations in Ghana.
The major provisions of the Minerals and Mining Act include:
| the government of Ghanas right to a free carried interest in mineral operations is restricted to 10%. The government may participate further in mineral operations upon agreement with the holder; |
111
| mineral rights in land over which mineral rights have been granted may not be granted to any other person in respect of the same minerals; |
| introduction of a new system for demarcating the land, referred to as the cadastral system, whereby land is demarcated in blocks. Under the new system, a mining lease area may not be less than one block or more than 300 contiguous blocks. A block is defined as 21 hectares; |
| mining companies which have invested or intend to invest at least $500 million (as Gold Fields has) may benefit from stability and development agreements, relating to both existing and new operations, which will serve to protect holders of current and future mining leases for a period not exceeding 15 years against changes in laws and regulations generally and in particular relating to customs and other duties, levels of payment of taxes, royalties and exchange control provisions, transfer of capital and dividend remittances. A development agreement may contain further provisions relating to the mineral operations and environmental issues. Each stability and development agreement is subject to the ratification of parliament; |
| provisions requiring the renewal of a mining lease for a further period of up to 30 years once the holder has made an application for renewal pursuant to the terms of the lease if the holder is in material compliance with its obligations under law and under the lease; |
| provisions restricting royalty rates to not more than 6% or less than 3% of the total revenue of minerals; and |
| changes to the definition of a mining company. Under the Minerals and Mining Law, a mining company is defined as a company which or whose subsidiary is the holder of a mining lease. The Minerals and Mining Act defines a mining company as a company which or whose subsidiary is the holder of a mineral right (holders of mineral rights include prospecting and reconnaissance license holders) and excludes companies listed on a stock exchange and companies whose holding in mining companies or whose subsidiarys assets are less than 50% of the market value of their total assets. The effect of this re-definition is that persons seeking to become controllers of prospecting or reconnaissance license holders as well as mining lease holders are required to seek the approval of the Minister responsible for mines. Further, mineral rights holders are required to notify the Minister of changes in control. Additionally, similar to its rights currently in respect of companies holding mining leases, the government of Ghana is entitled to a special share in prospecting or reconnaissance license holders. See Government Option to Acquire Shares of Mining Companies. |
Under the Minerals and Mining Act, neither a landowner nor any other person may search for minerals or mine on any land without having been granted a mineral right by the Minister responsible for mines. Additionally, even if a mineral right granted under the Minerals and Mining Law is made subject to the Minerals and Mining Act, the Act provides that this shall not have the effect of increasing the holders costs, or financial burden, for a period of five years.
In 2010, the Minerals and Mining Act was amended to provide for a fixed royalty rate of 5% of the total revenue earned from minerals obtained, with effect from March 17, 2010. Although payment of the royalty rate became effective in March 2010, Gold Fields did not begin submitting the required payment until April 1, 2011 due to a moratorium on the tax burden for mining leases in place prior to commencement of the Act, which ended on March 31, 2011.
The Ghanaian parliament has passed a bill that, effective March 9, 2012, increases taxes on mining companies in order to benefit from the movement in gold prices. These changes included introducing a separate tax category for companies engaged in mining which would raise the applicable corporate tax rate from 25% to 35% as well introducing a much less favorable capital allowance regime. Further, a draft bill is being prepared proposing a windfall tax on mining activities but it has not yet been released for comment.
112
Government Option to Acquire Shares of Mining Companies
Under Ghanaian law, the government is entitled to a 10% interest in any Ghanaian company which holds a mining lease in Ghana, without the payment of compensation. The government of Ghana has already received this 10% interest in each of Gold Fields Ghana and Abosso. The government also has the option, under the Minerals and Mining Law, of acquiring an additional 20% interest in the share capital of mining companies whose rights were granted under the Minerals and Mining Law at a price agreed upon by the parties, at the fair market value at the time the option is exercised, or as may be determined by international arbitration. The government of Ghana exercised this option in respect of Gold Fields Ghana and subsequently transferred the interest. The government of Ghana retains this option to purchase an additional 20% of the share capital of Abosso. As far as management is aware, the government of Ghana has not exercised this option for any other gold mining company in the past, other than Gold Fields Ghana.
Under the Minerals and Mining Law, which continues to apply to Gold Fields Ghanas operations, and under the Minerals and Mining Act, the government has a further option to acquire a special share in a mining company for no consideration or in exchange for such consideration as the government and that company shall agree. This interest, when acquired, constitutes a special share which gives the government the right to attend and speak at any general meeting of shareholders, but does not entitle the government to any voting rights. The special share does not entitle the government to distributions of profits of the company which issues it to the government. The written consent of the government is required to make any amendment to a companys articles of incorporation relating to the governments option to acquire a special share. Although the government of Ghana has agreed not to exercise this option in respect of Gold Fields Ghana, it has retained this option for Abosso.
Exchange Controls
Under Ghanas mining laws, the Bank of Ghana or the Minister for Finance may permit the holder of a mining lease to retain a percentage of its foreign exchange earnings for certain expenses in bank accounts in Ghana. Under a foreign exchange retention account agreement with the government of Ghana, Gold Fields Ghana is required to repatriate 20% of its revenues derived from the Tarkwa mine to Ghana and use the repatriated revenues in Ghana or maintain them in a Ghanaian bank account. Management believes that Gold Fields Ghana is entitled to rely on the provisions of the foreign exchange retention account agreement for the duration of the Tarkwa mining leases. Abosso is currently obligated to repatriate 25% of its revenue to Ghana, although the level of repatriation under the deed of warranty between Abosso and the government of Ghana is subject to renegotiation every two years. The most recent negotiations were concluded in February 2003. Since then there have been no requests for negotiations by either side and Abossos obligations remain the same. Until Abossos repatriation level is renegotiated, it will remain the same. While management has no reason to believe that the repatriation level will increase as a result of the next set of negotiations, there is no agreed ceiling on the repatriation level, and it could be increased. Any increase could adversely affect Gold Fields ability to use the cash flow from the Damang mine outside Ghana, including to fund working costs and capital expenditures at other operations, to provide funds for acquisitions and to repay principal and interest on indebtedness. Gold Fields currently repatriates on average approximately 40% of revenues from the Ghana operations to Ghana, annually.
Australia
Environmental
While Australias federal government retains the power to regulate activities which impact matters of national environmental significance, the Constitution vests the power to legislate environmental matters principally in the states. Gold Fields gold operations in Australia are primarily subject to the environmental laws and regulations of the State of Western Australia which require, among other things, that Gold Fields obtains necessary environmental approvals, environmental licenses, work approvals and mining licenses to begin mining
113
operations. However, under the Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Act 1999 (Cth), it may be necessary to obtain separate approval from the federal government if the project is considered of national significance in relation to environmental, cultural or biodiversity criteria.
During the operational life of its mines, Gold Fields is required by law to make provisions for the ongoing rehabilitation of its mines and to provide for the cost of post-closure rehabilitation and monitoring once mining operations cease. Gold Fields guarantees its environmental obligations by providing the Western Australian government with unconditional bank-guaranteed performance bonds. However, the value of these bonds would not necessarily cover the actual costs of rehabilitation or any environmental events requiring remediation that were unforeseen at the time the bonds were issued or which occur as a result of a breach of Gold Fields environmental license conditions. Gold Fields is also required to prepare and submit Annual Environmental Reports to the Department of Environment and Conservation, or the DEC, in accordance with the published guidance materials.
Gold Fields is subject to the Environmental Protection Act 1986 (Western Australia) (EP Act) under which, it is obliged to prevent and abate pollution and environmental harm. The EP Act also prescribes sanctions and penalties for a range of environmental offenses, including orders which may effectively suspend certain operations or activities. In late 2010, the Australian EPA released new impact assessment procedures which took effect from November 26, 2010. These procedures will impact the assessment and appeal process of environmental proposals under the Environmental Protection Act 1986, but will only impact Gold Fields should we determine that a referral is necessary.
On June 22, 2011, the Department of Minerals and Petroleum and the Australian EPA released their Guidelines for Preparing Mine Closure Plans. The purpose of these guidelines is to set out the minimum standards for how mine closure plans are structured, the type of information required, and how mine closure management will be assessed. The regulations relating to these guidelines commenced on July 1, 2011. It is not yet clear how this will effect the Group.
Under the Contaminated Sites Act 2003 (Western Australia), Gold Fields is required to report known or suspected contaminated sites to the DEC. The DEC then classifies the site based on the risk posed to human health and the environment. Gold Fields may be required to investigate and/or remediate the reported site(s) and any other affected site(s) if it is determined by DEC that there is contamination that is or is likely to cause harm to human health or the environment. If that happens, Gold Fields environmental duties and responsibilities will be increased.
Gold Fields is required to publicly report energy use and efficiency measures under the Energy Efficiency Opportunities (EEO) Act 2006. Annual public reports are required by December 31 following the end of each financial year, with an additional more detailed government report, which is submitted every five years.
Gold Fields reports through the National Pollutants Inventory, or NPI, on an annual basis. The NPI reports must be submitted by September 30 following the end of each financial year. The reports detail Gold Fields interaction with 93 identified substances as determined by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities which considers the potential impacts to health and the environment.
Under the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007, Gold Fields is required to submit yearly reports to the federal government in relation to the energy use, energy production and greenhouse gas emissions associated with its Australian mining operations. These reports must be submitted by October 31 following the end of each financial year. The scheme, which commenced on July 1, 2008, also requires regulated companies to retain energy and emissions data for seven years for audit. Gold Fields Australia, which includes St. Ives, Agnew, the Australian division of the Exploration group and associated offices continues to meet these reporting obligations.
114
The Australian Clean Energy Act 2011 (Cth) and associated legislation establishing a national carbon pricing scheme, or Scheme, passed into law in November 2011. Under the Scheme, entities that have operational control over facilities (i.e. activities) that emit more than 25,000 tons CO2-e per annum in greenhouse gas emissions covered by the Scheme, will be directly regulated and will be required to acquire and surrender carbon units to cover those emissions.
The Scheme will operate in two phases: a fixed price phase commencing July 1, 2012, followed by a floating price phase commencing on July 1, 2015. In the fixed price phase liable entities will be able to acquire an uncapped number of carbon units at the applicable fixed price, which will be automatically surrendered by those entities to meet their liability and cannot be traded or banked for future use. The fixed carbon price will commence at $23 per ton CO2-e (for 2012-13), increasing to $24.15 per ton CO2-e (for 2013-14) and $25.40 per ton CO2-e (for 2014-15). In the floating price phase, the carbon price per ton of CO2-e will cease to be prescribed and the Australian government will instead set annual caps on the number of carbon units to be issued in each year and carbon units will be made available for purchase through an auction process thereby allowing the price of those carbon units to be determined by the market.
Emissions from the combustion of certain liquid fossil fuels (including petroleum, diesel, liquefied natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas) are excluded from the Scheme and entities are not required to acquire and surrender carbon units to cover emissions resulting from the combustion of those types of fuels.
However, whilst entities which consume these types of liquid fossil fuels in their operations will not be directly regulated by the Scheme, they will nonetheless be indirectly regulated through the imposition, by the Australian government, of an effective carbon price on those fuels. The effective carbon price will be applied by the Australian government making periodic changes to the system of fuel tax credits and fuel excise/customs duties in respect of:
| liquid fuels used for business transport (other than in the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industries), including liquid fuels used in the domestic aviation, shipping and rail sectors; |
| liquid fuels used for non-transport purposes (e.g. diesel used for power generation); and |
| compressed natural gas, liquefied natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas used for off-road transport and non-transport uses. |
These changes will become effective from July 1, 2012 and will be made annually during the fixed price phase of the Scheme and bi-annually during the floating price phase.
Emissions from Gold Fields Australian operations predominantly arise from the combustion of liquid fossil fuels and as such Gold Fields Australian operations are not likely to be directly regulated by the Scheme and Gold Fields Australian operations will not be required to acquire and surrender carbon units to cover those emissions. However, the effective price of diesel fuel paid by Gold Fields Australian operations is likely to rise due to the Governments periodic reduction in diesel fuel rebates and subsidy levels thereby imposing an effective carbon price on diesel fuel consumption. This will result in members of Gold Fields Australian group being indirectly regulated by the Scheme.
In addition, operational expenditures will also be affected by the pass-through of compliance costs under contracts with regulated suppliers.
Following Gold Fields becoming a signatory to the International Cyanide Management Code, or the Code, on November 3, 2005, all its operations, including its Australian operations, are committed to complying with the Code. The Code requires signatories to have their compliance audited by independent, third-party auditors every three years. As of October 2009, all of Gold Fields eligible operations had obtained accreditation under the International Cyanide Management Code. St. Ives achieved full compliance with the Code on August 5, 2009 and Agnew achieved full compliance in January 2010.
115
Health and Safety
The Mines Safety and Inspection Act 1994 (Western Australia), or the Safety and Inspection Act and the Mines Safety and Inspection Regulations 1995 (Western Australia) together regulate the duties of employers and employees in the mining industry with regard to occupational health and safety and outline offenses and penalties for breach. Resources Safety, a division of the Department of Mines and Petroleum, administers this legislation, which defines standards of safety. Each relevant employer is then required to develop safety systems that meet these standards of safety, and implement these systems as part of its day-to-day work practices. Under the approach utilized by Resources Safety, it is the responsibility of each employer to manage safety (i.e. a general duty of care exists in mines located in Western Australia). A violation of the safety laws or failure to comply with the instructions of the relevant health and safety authorities could lead to, among other things, a temporary shutdown of all or a portion of the mine, a loss of the right to mine or the imposition of costly compliance procedures. However, mine owner liability for contractors employees and labor hire employees under the Safety and Inspection Act extends only to matters over which the Company has the capacity to exercise control. See Risk FactorsGold Fields operations in Australia are subject to environmental and health and safety regulations, which could impose significant costs and burdens.
A statutory review of the operation and effectiveness of the Safety and Inspection Act was conducted by Commissioner S J Kenner of the Industrial Relations Commission of Western Australia and tabled in April 2009. The Western Australian State Government response was announced in September 2009, which effectively increased Resources Safetys ability to monitor safety issues at mines located in Western Australia, and introduced an industry cost recovery model in order to fund the regulation of mine safety.
There has also been substantial work performed at a federal level to harmonize Australias workplace health and safety laws nationally. The Work Health and Safety Bill 2011 (Western Australia) (which is a significantly amended version of the federal Model Work Health and Safety Act) has been drafted in respect of general industry and it is expected that, subject to progress in finalizing the drafting of a corresponding bill for the mining industry, this bill will be introduced to the Western Australian parliament in 2012. In July 2011, in response to concerns raised by employer groups, the Western Australian Commerce Minister wrote to State and Federal Ministers seeking delay of the Occupational Health and Safety harmonization implementation date. Once responses have been received, a decision regarding the implementation date in Western Australia will be made.
The effect of the amendments is that the cost of health and safety compliance at Gold Fields mining operations in Australia has increased, as may its exposure to prosecution.
Mineral Rights
In Australia, the ownership of land is separate from the ownership of most minerals, which are the property of the states and are thus regulated by the state governments. The Western Australian Mining Act 1978 (Western Australia), or the Mining Act, is the principal piece of legislation governing exploration and mining on land in Western Australia. Licenses and leases for, among other things, prospecting, exploration and mining must be obtained pursuant to the requirements of the Mining Act before the relevant activity can begin. Application fees and rental payments are payable in respect of each mining tenement.
Prospecting licenses, exploration licenses and mining leases are subject to prescribed minimum annual expenditure commitments. Royalties are payable to the state based on the amount of ore produced or obtained from a mining tenement. A quarterly production report must be filed and royalties are calculated accordingly at a fixed rate of 2.5% of royalty value in respect of gold, and at other rates in respect of ore produced or obtained from a mining tenement. The royalty value of gold is the amount of gold produced during each month in a relevant quarter multiplied by the average gold spot price for that month. Despite the discussion above, no royalty is payable in respect of the first 2,500 ounces of gold metal produced during a financial year from gold bearing material produced or obtained from the same gold royalty project.
116
Ministerial consent is required with respect to assignment or sale of a mining lease and certain other leases and tenements. Gold Fields has obtained ministerial consent for the transfer of all material mining leases and other tenements acquired from WMC.
Land Claims
In 1992, the High Court of Australia recognized a form of native title which protects the rights of indigenous people in relation to land in certain circumstances. As a result of this decision, the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth), or Native Title Act, was enacted to recognize and protect existing native title by providing a mechanism for the determination of native title claims and a statutory right for Aboriginal groups or persons to negotiate, object, and/or be consulted when, among other things, there is an expansion of, or change to, the rights and interests in the land which affects native title and constitutes a future act under the Native Title Act. The existence of these claims does not necessarily prevent continued mining under existing tenements. Tenements granted prior to January 1, 1994 are not future acts and do not need to comply with the aforementioned consultation or negotiation procedures. As a general rule, tenements granted after January 1, 1994 need to comply with this process. However, in Western Australia, some tenements were granted without complying with this consultation or negotiation process on the basis of then prevailing Western Australian legislation. This legislation was subsequently found to be invalid as it conflicted with the Native Title Act which is Commonwealth legislation. Subsequent legislation was passed validating the grant of tenements between January 1, 1994 and December 23, 1996, provided certain conditions were met.
Certain of Gold Fields tenements are currently subject to native title claims. However, most of Gold Fields tenements were granted prior to January 1, 1994. Where tenements were granted between January 1, 1994 and December 23, 1996, Gold Fields believes it complies with the conditions set out by the Native Title Act for those tenements to be validly granted. On those tenements not granted before December 1996, Gold Fields has entered into agreements with the claimant parties which provides the Company with security of tenure. Therefore, the granting of native title over any of these tenements (if ever it occurs) will not have a material effect on Gold Fields tenure.
Mining leases do not necessarily extinguish all native title rights, but do extinguish, or at least prevail over, the native title rights with which they conflict. The right of native title holders to control access to land is extinguished by a mining lease in Western Australia. However, mining leases may not extinguish other native title rights. Therefore, some native title rights may co-exist with the rights granted under a mining lease. Compensation could be payable for rights lost by native title holders on the grant of a mining lease. In addition, negotiations with native title applicants are generally necessary before a new mining lease will be granted by the state and these can be time consuming and costly. Although not common, it is also possible that the National Native Title Tribunal will refuse to allow the grant of a mining lease where negotiations break down, and determine the impact of mining on native title rights to be unacceptable.
It is possible that land comprised in seven of Gold Fields existing tenements could be at risk due to native title claims, because those particular tenements may have been granted by the State of Western Australia in a manner contrary to the Native Title Act. Although the validity of those seven tenements is in question, Gold Fields management does not believe those tenements are material to its Australian operation.
The State and Commonwealth Aboriginal heritage laws protect sites of significance to Aboriginal people which have ongoing ethnographic, archaeological or historic significance. Gold Fields is aware of several Aboriginal heritage sites on its tenements. However, it does not believe that the protected status of these sites will materially affect its current operations in Australia. See Risk FactorsGold Fields tenements in Australia are subject to native title claims and include Aboriginal heritage sites, which could impose significant costs and burdens.
117
Peru
Regulatory
The regulatory framework governing the development of mining activities in Peru mainly consists of the General Mining Act (Ley General de Minería), or the LGM, and regulations relating to mining procedures, health and safety, environmental protection, and mining investment and guarantees. Other laws, such as those relating to the granting of mining concessions in urban areas and urban expansion areas, the closing of mines, and liabilities for environmental damage, also affect mining companies. In addition to general taxation, mining companies are also subject to a special tax regime established in 2011 through the amendment of the Mining Royalty Law and enactment of the Special Mining Tax Law and the Special Mining Charge Law.
The exploration and exploitation of mineral substances from the soil or subsoil is governed by the LGM. Mining activities as defined by the LGM include surveying, prospecting, exploration, exploitation, general workings, beneficiation, trading and transportation of ore.
Regulatory and Supervisory Entities
In general terms, the principal regulator of mining activities in Peru is the MEM, through its General Bureau of Mining (Dirección General de Minería), or DGM, and its General Bureau of Mining and Environmental Affairs (Dirección General de Asuntos Ambientales Mineros), or DGAAM. Other regulatory institutions are the INGEMMET; the Labor Ministry; the Supervisory Body of Investment in Energy and Mining (Organismo Supervisor de la Inversión en Energía y Minería), or the OSINERGMIN, and the Assessment and Environment Supervising Agency (Organismo de Evaluación y Fiscalización Ambiental), or the OEFA.
The DGM is the senior body of the MEM overseeing the mining industry. It reports directly to the Office of the Vice-Minister of Mining and is responsible for, among other things, the promotion of mining activities, the granting of beneficiation, ore transportation and general working concessions, the proposal of welfare, health and safety regulations.
The DGAAM has the following duties, among others: (i) propose policy and legal provisions for environmental conservation and protection in the mining sector; (ii) approve technical standards for the appropriate application of regulations on environmental conservation and protection to apply to activities of the mining sector; and (iii) assess environmental and social impacts derived from activities of the mining sector, establishing the preventive and corrective measures necessary to control such impacts.
The INGEMMET has the following duties, among others: (i) process mining claims, grant titles to mining concessions and act on applications relating to mining rights pursuant to law; (ii) keep the National Mining Land Register (Catastro Minero); administer and distribute the Annual Concession Fee, or ACF, and collect any penalties for failure to meet minimum annual production targets; and (iii) cancel mining claims or mining concessions pursuant to applicable laws.
As of August 2011, the Labor Ministry supervises and inspects mining activities for all labor matters related to mine safety and health. According to supplementary regulations enacted in February 2012, OSINERGMIN retains responsibility for supervising and inspecting mine safety and health matters which are not specifically related to labor rights and obligations.
Since March 2011, all supervising, inspecting and sanctioning duties regarding mining environmental matters have been undertaken by the OEFA. The OEFA is also responsible for proposing to the Ministry of Environment the scale of penalties applicable to each type of infringement pursuant to the Environmental Act.
118
Concessions
In accordance with the LGM, mining activities (except surveying, prospecting and trading) must be performed exclusively under the concession system. A concession confers upon its holder the exclusive right to develop a specific mining activity within a defined area. The LGM establishes four types of concessions:
Mining Concessions
Mining concessions confer the right to explore and exploit the mineralization granted which is within a solid of undefined depth, limited by vertical planes corresponding to the sides of a square, rectangle or closed polygon, the vertices of which refer to Universal Transversal Mercator, or UTM, coordinates. A mining concession is a real property interest independent and separate from surface land located within the UTM coordinates of the concession. It is granted by the INGEMMET. Once the claimed area is subject to a mining concession, the titleholder must register its title with the Public Mining Registry (Registro de Derechos Mineros) administered by the National Superintendent of Public Registers (Superintendencia Nacional de Registros Públicos) where all the agreements, resolutions and acts thereto must also be registered.
Holders of mining concessions or of any pending claims for mining concessions must comply with payment of the ACF. The ACF is equivalent to U.S.$3.00 per hectare per year. Default in payment of the ACF for two consecutive or non consecutive years may result in the cancellation of the respective concession or claim.
Holders of mining concessions are also required to meet minimum annual production targets prescribed by law. Titleholders are entitled to group multiple concessions into Administrative Economic Units to comply with the minimum production requirement, provided certain conditions are met. In the case of mining concessions obtained prior to October 2008, the minimum annual production target for concessions to mine metals is equivalent to U.S.$100.00 per hectare per year. If the titleholder has not met the minimum annual production target by the end of the sixth year of the concession having been granted, the titleholder is required to pay from the seventh year a penalty equal to U.S.$6.00 per year per hectare until the year in which the minimum annual production target is achieved. The penalty increases to U.S.$20.00 per year per hectare if the minimum production target is not met by the end of the twelfth year of the concession having been granted. Failure to pay this penalty for two consecutive years may lead to the cancellation of the mining concession, although titleholders may be able to avoid paying the penalty if they can prove to the mining authorities that they have invested an amount equivalent to at least ten times the amount of the penalty in the concession or Administrative Economic Unit during the previous year.
In the case of mining concessions obtained starting in October 2008, the minimum annual production target for metallic concessions is equivalent to one Fiscal Payment Unit, or UIT, per hectare per year. The UIT is fixed on a yearly basis and is set to equal approximately U.S.$1,351.00 in 2012. If the titleholder has not met the minimum annual production target by the end of the tenth year of the mining concession having been granted, the titleholder is required to pay as of the eleventh year an annual penalty equal to 10% of the minimum annual production target until the target is fulfilled. This regime also applies to mining concessions acquired prior to October 2008, if the titleholder does not achieve the minimum annual production target by January 2, 2019.
Pursuant to the new regulations, mining concessions obtained after October 2008 may be canceled if the titleholder (i) does not meet the minimum annual production target for two consecutive years between the eleventh and fifteenth year of the concession having been granted or (ii) does not meet, after the fifteenth year, the minimum annual production target, unless the corresponding penalty has been paid and the titleholder has evidenced investments in mining activities or in public infrastructure for an amount equivalent to ten times the penalty. Finally, if the non-fulfillment of the minimum annual production target remains until the end of the twentieth year, the mining concession will be canceled. These requirements will also apply to mining concessions obtained prior to October 2008, in case they do not meet the minimum annual production target established by the new regulations by January 2, 2019.
119
Beneficiation Concessions
Beneficiation or process concessions confer the right to extract or concentrate the valuable substances of an aggregate of minerals and/or to smelt, purify or refine metals through a set of physical, chemical and/or physicochemical processes. This concession is granted by the DGM.
As with mining concessions, holders of beneficiation concessions are required to pay the ACF, which is calculated on the basis of the production capacity of the processing plant. Default in payment of the ACF for two consecutive or non-consecutive years may result in cancellation of the concession.
General Working Concessions
General workings concessions confer the right to render ancillary services to two or more mining concession holders. The following are considered ancillary services: ventilation, drainage, hoisting or extraction in favor of two or more concessions of different concessionaires. This concession is granted by the DGM.
Ore Transportation Concessions
Ore transportation concessions confer the right to install and operate a system for the continuous massive transportation of mineral products between one or more mining centers and a port or beneficiation plant, or a refinery, or along one or more stretches of these routes. The ore transportation system must be non-conventional, such as conveyor belts, pipelines or cable cars, among others. This concession is granted by the DGM. Conventional transportation systems are authorized by the Ministry of Transport and Communications.
All the concessions regulated by the LGM must be registered with the Public Mining Registry. In addition, all concessions in force must be registered with the National Mining Land Register, administered by the INGEMMET, including the UTM coordinates of the vertices of each mining concession.
In order to fulfill the production obligations established by Peruvian law, the holder of more than one mining concession of the same class and nature may group them in Administrative Economic Units, provided that the concessions are located within a radius of five kilometers in the case of non-ferrous metallic minerals or primary auriferous metallic minerals such as gold, silver and copper; 20 kilometers in the case of ferrous, coal or non-metallic minerals; and 10 kilometers in the case of auriferous detritus or heavy minerals detritus. Creation of an Administrative Economic Unit requires an approval resolution issued by the DGM.
The holders of concessions have the following rights, among others: (i) in concessions granted on rural unowned lands, to make free mining use of the concession surface for their economic purpose, without any additional permit being required; (ii) to request the right to the free mining use, for the same purpose, of rural unowned lands located around the concession; (iii) to request an authorization to establish easements on third-party lands as necessary for the rational use of the concession; for which fair value compensation will be paid; (iv) to request an authorization to establish mining use rights or easements, if applicable, on the surface lands of other concessions, provided that the mining activity of their holders is not disturbed or hindered; (v) to construct, on neighboring concessions, the works that may be necessary for access, ventilation, drainage, ore transportation and ensuring the safety of workers, after appropriate compensation has been paid if such works cause any damages and without creating any encumbrance to the adjacent concessions; and (vi) to use the water necessary for the concession operations pursuant to the applicable law.
Mining Royalty and Other Special Mining Taxes and Charges
In addition to general taxation, mining companies are subject to a special tax regime established, in its current form, in September 2011. This special tax regime is structured around the Mining Royalty Law, the Special Mining Tax Law and the Special Mining Charge Law. The Mining Royalty Law, enacted in 2004, established payment of a mining royalty by owners of mining concessions for the exploitation of metallic and
120
non-metallic resources. This mining royalty was originally calculated on the basis of revenues obtained from the sales of minerals. However, in September 2011, an amendment to the Mining Royalty Law was approved establishing that, as of October 2011, the mining royalty will be determined by applying a sliding scale rate (ranging from 1% to 12%, previously 1% to 3% of sales) based on the quarterly operating profits of mining companies. Mining royalties are deductible for income tax purposes.
In September 2011, the Special Mining Tax Law and the Special Mining Charge Law were enacted. The Special Mining Tax Law established that owners of mining concessions must pay, as of October 2011, a special mining tax for the exploitation of metallic resources. The special mining tax is calculated by applying a sliding scale of rates (ranging from 2% to 8.4%) based on the quarterly operating profits of mining companies. The special mining tax is deductible for income tax purposes and only applies to owners of mining concessions that have not executed a Mining Tax Stability Agreement with the Ministry of Energy and Mines.
In lieu of the special mining tax, holders of metallic mining concessions that have executed a Mining Tax Stability Agreement with the Ministry of Energy and Mines will be subject, as of October 2011, to payment of the special mining charge established by the Special Mining Charge Law. The special mining charge is calculated by applying a sliding scale of rates (ranging from 4% to 13.12%) based on the quarterly operating profits of mining companies. The special mining charge is deductible for income tax purposes.
Environmental
During the 1990s, a modern environmental practice that conforms to the international environmental standards was established and made generally applicable to most of the mining industry. In 1990, the Environmental Code was enacted, which established for the first time a legal and institutional system to preserve the environment. In 1993, the Environmental Protection Regulations for Mining and Metallurgical Activities were enacted. On October 15, 2005, the Environmental Act completely repealed and replaced the Environmental Code.
The following items are required to be produced under the environmental laws in order to perform mining activities:
| Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA): EIAs are required for new projects, expansions of the operations by more than 50% and in conjunction with a project moving from the exploration stage to the development stage. EIAs must evaluate the physical, biological, socio-economic and cultural impacts on the environment resulting from the execution of the mining projects. |
| Semi-Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (SD-EIAs) and Environmental Impact Statement (DIA): SD-EIAs and DIAs are required for mining exploration projects. SD-EIAs apply to larger projects while DIAs apply to smaller projects. |
| Annual Consolidated Statement: Holders of mining concessions must submit statements by June 30 of each year describing emissions to the environment and follow-up actions taken pursuant to the previously approved EIA and/or the Program for Environmental Adequacy, or PAMA. |
The OEFA is the entity responsible for supervising compliance with commitments undertaken under EIAs and other environmental instruments.
In 2003, a law regulating mine closure was approved. The closure of a mine usually entails the sealing of exits, in the case of underground mines, the removal of surface infrastructure and the environmental rehabilitation of the surface where the mining activity has been developed. The law requires mining companies to ensure the availability of the resources necessary for the execution of an adequate mine closure plan, including an Environmental Liabilities Closure Plan, in order to prevent, minimize and control the risks to and negative effects on health, personal safety and environment that may be generated or may continue after the cessation of mining operations. Furthermore, the law obligates holders of mining concessions to furnish guarantees in favor of the
121
MEM to ensure that they will carry out the Environmental Liabilities Closure Plan in accordance with the environmental protection regulations and to ensure that the MEM has the necessary funds to execute the mine closure plan in the event of non-compliance by the holder of the mining concession. Mine concession holders may satisfy these requirements by providing to the MEM stand-by letters of credit to cover the amount of any mine closure plan.
Regulations under the mine closure law establish the procedure to be followed to obtain approval of the Environmental Liabilities Closure Plan and the requirements and characteristics of the guarantees furnished by the holders of mining concessions. These regulations also establish procedures for the approval of mine closure plans and inspection of the implementation of such plans, as well as the penalties to be imposed in the event of non-compliance by the holders of mining concessions.
Right to Prior Consultation
On August 31, 2011, the Peruvian government approved the Law of Prior Consultation to Indigenous or Tribal Populations recognized in Convention 169 of the International Labor Organization. This law establishes that the Peruvian government must consult in advance with indigenous or tribal populations on legislative or administrative measures (including pending claims for mining concessions) that may directly affect the collective rights related to their physical existence, cultural identity, quality of life or development. The duty of consultation is undertaken by the Peruvian government, not Gold Fields or investors.
While the final decision to move forward with the consulted legislative or administrative measures rests with the Peruvian government, even in the absence of agreement, the Peruvian government has an obligation to take all necessary measures to ensure that the collective rights of indigenous or tribal populations are protected.
Other matters subject to regulation include, but are not limited to, transportation of ore or hazardous substances, water use and discharges, power use and generation, use and storage of explosives, housing and other facilities for workers, reclamation, labor standards and mine safety and occupational health.
Property
Gold Fields operations as of December 31, 2011 comprised the following:
Gold Fields operative mining areas as of December 31, 2011
Operation |
Size | |||
(hectares) | ||||
South Africa |
||||
Driefontein |
8,561 | |||
Kloof |
20,087 | |||
Beatrix |
16,874 | |||
South Deep |
4,268 | (1) | ||
Ghana |
||||
Tarkwa |
20,825 | |||
Damang |
25,454 | |||
Australia |
||||
St. Ives |
104,509 | |||
Agnew |
68,138 | |||
Peru |
||||
Cerro Corona |
2,971 |
Note:
(1) | As of July 13, 2010, the South Deep mining rights were extended to include Uncle Harrys Area, increasing South Deeps mining area to 4,268 hectares |
122
Gold Fields leases its corporate headquarters in Sandton, its South African Regional Office in Libanon and its exploration offices not located at the mines.
The MPRDA came into operation on May 1, 2004 and vests the right to prospect and mine in the South African State with administration by the government of South Africa. In November 2006, the South African Department of Minerals and Energy approved the conversion of Gold Fields mining rights under the former regulatory regime at Driefontein and Kloof (both now part of KDC) and Beatrix into rights under the new regime. During May 2010, the DMR approved the conversion of the South Deep old order mining rights into a new order mining right. Included in this approval was an additional portion of ground known as Uncle Harrys, which is contiguous to South Deep. The cumulative effect of this approval, together with the previous conversions for the Driefontein, Kloof and Beatrix Gold Mines granted in January 2007, is that all of Gold Fields South African mines have now received their new order mining rights.
Gold Fields also owns most of the surface rights with respect to its South African mining properties. Where Gold Fields conducts surface operations on land the surface rights of which it does not own, it does so in accordance with applicable mining and property laws. In addition, Gold Fields owns prospecting and surface rights contiguous to its operations in South Africa. As required under the MPRDA, Gold Fields has registered its surface rights utilized for mining purposes. Gold Fields has received prospecting rights on properties which it has identified as being able to contribute, now or in the future, to its business and is in the process of converting those prospecting rights to mining rights under the MPRDA. See Environmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaMineral Rights.
Gold Fields Ghana obtained the mining rights for the Tarkwa property from the government of Ghana in 1993. In August 2000, with the consent of the government of Ghana, Gold Fields Ghana was assigned the mining rights for the northern portion of the Teberebie property. The Tarkwa rights expire in 2027, while the Teberebie rights expire in 2018. Abosso holds the right to mine at the Damang property under a mining lease from the government of Ghana which expires in 2025. Gold Fields may exploit all surface and underground gold at all three sites until the rights expire, provided that Gold Fields pays the government of Ghana a quarterly royalty which is calculated on the basis of a formula which ranges from 3% to 12% of revenues derived from mining at the sites. For fiscal 2011, this formula resulted in Gold Fields Ghana paying royalties equivalent to approximately 3.0% of the revenues from gold produced at the Tarkwa and Teberebie properties, and Abosso paying approximately 3.0% of the revenues from gold produced at the Damang property. In 2010, the Minerals and Mining Act was amended to provide for a fixed royalty rate of 5% of the total revenue earned from minerals obtained, with effect from April 1, 2011.
In Australia, mining rights and property are leased from the state. Australian mining leases have an initial term of 21 years with one automatic 21-year renewal period and thereafter an indefinite number of 21-year renewals with government approval. At the St. Ives operations, the initial 21-year term has expired for 30 mining leases, with those mining leases having now entered their second 21-year term. At the Agnew operations, the initial 21-year term has expired for 40 mining leases, with those mining leases having now entered their second 21-year term. In relation to gold produced from the mining leases at St. Ives and Agnew, Gold Fields pays an annual royalty to the state of 2.5% of production.
In Peru, exploration and extraction activities can only be performed in duly authorized areas. Authorization is granted by the Peruvian government when a mining concession is issued. Mining concessions expire if the titleholder does not exploit the concessions for a period of twenty years. The titleholder must comply with specific obligations, such as paying annual fees of U.S.$3.00 per hectare, meeting minimum investment requirements, paying a monthly royalty according to the value of the produced concentrates and other requirements. La Cima has 33 mining concessions which cover 2,939.68 hectares, including 185.2 hectares outside of Cerro Corona. The total surface rights related to Cerro Corona cover 1,216.89 hectares. Five additional mining concessions located in the surrounding areas of Cerro Corona which cover 31.64 hectares were assigned to La Cima for a 30 year period.
123
As of December 31, 2011, Gold Fields also held exploration tenements covering a total of approximately 2 million hectares in various countries outside South Africa, including Chile, Peru, Finland, Kyrgyzstan, South Africa, Ghana, Mali, Guinea, the Philippines, Australia and Canada. Gold Fields ownership interests in these sites vary with its participation interests in the relevant exploration projects. Gold Fields international exploration offices are leased under various contract terms and durations. See Growth and International Projects.
Gold Fields also holds title to numerous non-mining properties in South Africa, including buildings, shops, farmland and hospitals, and is the registered owner of approximately 55,341 hectares of land in the Gauteng and Free State Provinces.
Research and Development
Gold Fields undertakes various research and development projects relating to gold production technology and potential uses of gold. In particular, Gold Fields has developed a patented technology called BIOX® through its wholly-owned Swiss subsidiary Biomin Technologies S.A. BIOX®, which involves a process whereby bacteria release gold from sulfide-bearing gold ore to permit more economical recovery of the gold.
Gold Fields participates in a collaborative research and development project, entitled the Autek Project, together with AngloGold Ashanti Limited, Harmony Gold Mining Company Limited and Mintek, which is focused on investigating potential new industrial uses for gold. The Autek Project has been integrated into the Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, which is an initiative of the South African governments Department of Science and Technology. Gold Fields primary contribution to the Autek Project is aimed at researching gold nanotechnology.
The Company is currently involved in the testing of biotechnology for the destruction of cyanide compounds in residue streams, for the purpose of complying with the Cyanide Code. The ASTER® process is patented in South Africa.
In Australia, Gold Fields continue to work with the Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organization, or CSIRO, on mining projects that are mutually beneficial, building on a relationship agreement signed in 2008. Laboratory scale tests have been carried out to test CSIROs patented mechanical agitation for possible use at the Agnew mine.
Legal Proceedings
On August 21, 2008, Gold Fields Operations Limited, formerly known as Western Areas Limited, or WAL, a subsidiary of Gold Fields, received a summons from Randgold and Exploration Company Limited, or R&E, and African Strategic Investment (Holdings) Limited. The summons claims that during the period that WAL was under the control of Brett Kebble, Roger Kebble and others, WAL assisted in the unlawful disposal of shares owned by R&E in Randgold Resources Limited, or Resources, and Afrikander Lease Limited, now known as Uranium One. GFOs assessment remains that it has sustainable defenses to these claims and, accordingly, GFOs attorneys have been instructed to vigorously defend the claims. The claims have been computed in various ways. The highest claims have been computed on the basis of the highest prices of Resources and Uranium One between the dates of the alleged unlawful acts and March 2008 (between R11 billion and R12 billion). The alternative claims have been computed on the basis of the actual amounts allegedly received by WAL to fund its operations (approximately R519 million). The claims lie only against GFO, which holds a 50% stake in the South Deep Mine. This alleged liability is historic and relates to a period of time prior to Gold Fields purchasing the company. The plaintiffs have failed, to date, to prosecute their claims and the action remains in abeyance.
Other than the summons described above, Gold Fields is not a party to any material legal or arbitration proceedings, nor is any of its property the subject of pending material legal proceedings.
124
Glossary of Mining Terms
The following explanations are not intended as technical definitions, but rather are intended to assist the reader in understanding some of the terms used in this annual report.
Agglomeration means a method of concentrating gold based on its adhesive characteristics.
Backfill means material, generally sourced from tailings or waste rock, used to refill mined-out areas to increase the long-term stability of mines and mitigate the effects of seismicity.
Breast Stoping means a mining method whereby the direction of mining is in the direction of strike of the reef.
Carbon absorption means a treatment process which uses activated carbon to remove gold in solution.
Carbon in leach, or CIL means a process similar to CIP (described below) except that the ore slurries are not leached with cyanide prior to carbon loading. Instead, the leaching and carbon loading occur simultaneously.
Carbon in pulp, or CIP means a common process used to extract gold from cyanide leach slurries. The process consists of carbon granules suspended in the slurry and flowing counter-current to the process slurry in multiple- staged agitated tanks. The process slurry, which has been leached with cyanide prior to the CIP process, contains soluble gold. The soluble gold is absorbed onto the carbon granules which are subsequently separated from the slurry by screening. The gold is then recovered from the carbon by electrowinning onto steel wool cathodes or by a similar process.
Cleaning means the process of removing broken rock from a mine.
Closely spaced dip pillar mining method means a mining method where support pillars are left in place at relatively close intervals to increase the stability of the mine. Mining is conducted using conventional drilling and blasting techniques.
Comminution means the breaking, crushing or grinding of ore by mechanical means.
Crosscut means a mine working driven horizontally and at right angles to a level.
Cut-off grade means the grade which distinguishes the material within the ore body that is to be extracted and treated from the remainder.
De-bottlenecking means decreasing production constraints (e.g., removing mechanical deficiencies so that processed tonnage may be increased).
Decline or incline means a sloping underground opening for machine access from the surface to an underground mine or from level to level in a mine. Declines and inclines are often driven in a spiral to access different elevations in the mine.
Declustered averaging means an estimation technique used in the evaluation of ore reserves.
Depletion means the decrease in quantity of ore in a deposit or property resulting from extraction or production.
Development means activities (including shaft sinking and on-reef and off-reef tunneling) required to prepare for mining activities and maintain a planned production level and those costs incurred to enable the conversion of mineralization to reserves.
125
Dilution means the mixing of waste rock with ore, resulting in a decrease in the overall grade.
Dissolution means the process whereby a metal is dissolved and becomes amenable to separation from the gangue material.
Electrowinning means the process of removing gold from solution by the action of electric currents.
Elution means removal of the gold from the activated carbon.
Exploration means activities associated with ascertaining the existence, location, extent or quality of mineralization, including economic and technical evaluations of mineralization.
Flotation means the process whereby certain chemicals are added to the material fed to the leach circuit in order to float the desired minerals to produce a concentrate of the mineral to be processed. This process can be carried out in column flotation cells.
Gangue means commercially valueless material remaining after ore extraction from rock.
Gold in process means gold in the processing circuit that is expected to be recovered during or after operations.
Gold reserves means the gold contained within proven and probable reserves on the basis of recoverable material (reported as mill delivered tons and head grade).
Grade means the quantity of metal per unit mass of ore expressed as a percentage or, for gold, as grams of gold per ton of ore.
Greenfield means a potential mining site of unknown quality.
Grinding means reducing rock to the consistency of fine sand by crushing and abrading in a rotating steel grinding mill.
Head grade means the grade of the ore as delivered to the metallurgical plant.
Heap leaching means a relatively low-cost technique for extracting metals from ore by percolating leaching solutions through heaps of ore placed on impervious pads. Generally used on low-grade ores.
Hypogene means ore or mineral deposits formed by ascending fluids within the earth.
In situ means within unbroken rock or still in the ground.
Kriging means an estimation technique used in the evaluation of ore reserves.
Leaching means dissolution of gold from the crushed and milled material, including reclaimed slime, for absorption and concentration onto the activated carbon.
Level means the workings or tunnels of an underground mine which are on the same horizontal plane.
Life of mine, or LoM means the expected remaining years of production, based on production rates and ore reserves.
London afternoon fixing price means the afternoon session open fixing of the gold price which takes place daily in London and is set by a board comprising five financial institutions.
126
Longwall mining method means a mining method involving mining over large continuous spans without the use of pillars.
Mark-to-market means the current fair value of a derivative based on current market prices, or to calculate the current fair value of a derivative based on current market prices, as the case may be.
Measures means conversion factors from metric units to U.S. units are provided below.
Metric unit |
U.S. equivalent | |||
1 ton |
= 1 t | = 1.10231 short tons | ||
1 gram |
= 1 g | = 0.03215 ounces | ||
1 gram per ton |
= 1 g/t | = 0.02917 ounces per short ton | ||
1 kilogram per ton |
= 1 kg/t | = 29.16642 ounces per short ton | ||
1 kilometer |
= 1 km | = 0.62137 miles | ||
1 meter |
= 1 m | = 3.28084 feet | ||
1 centimeter |
= 1 cm | = 0.39370 inches | ||
1 millimeter |
= 1 mm | = 0.03937 inches | ||
1 hectare |
= 1 ha | = 2.47104 acres |
Metallurgical plant means a processing plant used to treat ore and extract the contained gold.
Metallurgical recovery factor means the proportion of metal in the ore delivered to the mill, that is recovered by the metallurgical process or processes.
Metallurgy means in the context of this document, the science of extracting metals from ores and preparing them for sale.
Mill delivered tons means a quantity, expressed in tons, of ore delivered to the metallurgical plant.
Milling/mill means the comminution of the ore, although the term has come to cover the broad range of machinery inside the treatment plant where the gold is separated from the ore.
Mine call factor means the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the specific product recovered at the mill (plus residue) to the specific product contained in an ore body calculated based on an operations measuring and valuation methods.
Mineralization means the presence of a target mineral in a mass of host rock.
Net smelter return means the volume of refined gold sold during the relevant period multiplied by the average spot gold price and the average exchange rate for the period, less refining, transport and insurance costs.
Open pit means mining in which the ore is extracted from a pit. The geometry of the pit may vary with the characteristics of the ore body.
Ore means a mixture of material containing minerals from which at least one of the minerals can be mined and processed at an economic profit.
Ore body means a well defined mass of material of sufficient mineral content to make extraction economically viable.
Ore grade means the average amount of gold contained in a ton of gold-bearing ore expressed in grams per ton.
127
Ore reserves or reserves means that part of a mineral deposit which could be economically and legally extracted or produced at the time of the reserve determination.
Ounce means one troy ounce, which equals 31.1035 grams.
Overburden means the soil and rock that must be removed in order to expose an ore deposit.
Paste filling means a technique whereby cemented paste fill is placed in mined out voids to improve and maintain ground stability, minimize waste dilution and maximize extraction of the ore.
Pay limit means the value at which the ore body can be mined without profit or loss, calculated using an appropriate gold price, production costs and recovery factors.
Porphyry means an igneous rock of any composition that contains larger, well-formed mineral grains in a finer- grained groundmass.
Probable reserves means reserves for which quantity and grade and/or quality are computed from information similar to that used for proven reserves, but the sites for inspection, sampling, and measurement are farther apart or are otherwise less adequately spaced. The degree of assurance, although lower than that for proven reserves, is high enough to assume continuity between points of observation.
Production stockpile means the selective accumulation of low grade material which is actively managed as part of the current mining operations.
Prospect means to investigate a site with insufficient data available on mineralization to determine if minerals are economically recoverable.
Prospecting right means permission to explore an area for minerals.
Proven reserves means reserves for which means (1) quantity is computed from dimensions revealed in outcrops, trenches, workings or boreholes; (2) grade and/or quality are computed from the results of detailed sampling; and (3) the sites for inspection, sampling and measurement are spaced so closely and the geologic character is so well defined that size, shape, depth and mineral content of reserves are well-established.
Reef means a gold-bearing sedimentary horizon, normally a conglomerate band, that may contain economic levels of gold.
Refining means the final stage of metal production in which final impurities are removed from the molten metal by introducing air and fluxes. The impurities are removed as gases or slag.
Rehabilitation means the process of restoring mined land to a condition approximating its original state.
Remnant pillar mining means the removal of blocks of ground previously left behind for various reasons during the normal course of mining.
Rock burst means an event caused by seismicity which results in damage to underground workings and/or loss of life and equipment.
Rock dump means the historical accumulation of low grade material derived in the course of mining which is processed in order to take advantage of spare processing capacity.
Run of Mine, or RoM means a loose term to describe ore of average grade.
128
Sampling means taking small pieces of rock at intervals along exposed mineralization for assay (to determine the mineral content).
Scattered mining method means conventional mining which is applied in a non-systematic configuration.
Seismicity means a sudden movement within a given volume of rock that radiates detectable seismic waves. The amplitude and frequency of seismic waves radiated from such a source depend, in general, on the strength and state of stress of the rock, the size of the source of seismic radiation, and the magnitude and the rate at which the rock moves during the fracturing process. Rock bursts, as defined above, involve seismicity.
Semi-autogenous grinding, or SAG, mill means a piece of machinery used to crush and grind ore which uses a mixture of steel balls and the ore itself to achieve comminution. The mill is shaped like a cylinder causing the grinding media and the ore itself to impact upon the ore.
Shaft means a shaft provides principal access to the underground workings for transporting personnel, equipment, supplies, ore and waste. A shaft is also used for ventilation and as an auxiliary exit. It may be equipped with a surface hoist system that lowers and raises conveyances for men, materials and ore in the shaft. A shaft generally has more than one conveyancing compartment.
Shortfall means the ratio of actual reef tonnage hoisted compared to monthly reef tonnage broken.
Sichel t means an estimation technique used in the evaluation of ore reserves.
Slimes means the finer fraction of tailings discharged from a processing plant after the valuable minerals have been recovered.
Slurry means a fluid comprising fine solids suspended in a solution (generally water containing additives).
Smelting means thermal processing whereby molten metal is liberated from beneficiated ore or concentrate with impurities separating as lighter slag.
Spot price means the current price of a metal for immediate delivery.
Stockpile means a store of unprocessed ore.
Stope means the underground excavation within the ore body where the main gold production takes place.
Stripping means the process of removing overburden to mine ore.
Sulfide means a mineral characterized by the linkages of sulfur with a metal or semi-metal, such as pyrite (iron sulfide). Also a zone in which sulfide minerals occur.
Supergene means ores or ore minerals formed where descending surface water oxidizes mineralized rock and redistributes the ore minerals, often concentrating them in zones.
Tailings means finely ground rock from which valuable minerals have been extracted by milling.
Tailings dam/slimes dam means dams or dumps created from tailings or slimes.
Ton means one ton is equal to 1,000 kilograms (also known as a metric ton or tonne).
129
Tonnage means quantities where the ton or tonne is an appropriate unit of measure. Typically used to measure reserves of gold-bearing material in situ or quantities of ore and waste material mined, transported or milled.
Total cash costs per ounce means a measure of the average cost of producing an ounce of gold, calculated by dividing the total cash costs in a period by the total gold sold over the same period. Total cash costs represent production costs as recorded in the statement of operations less offsite (i.e., central) general and administrative expenses (including head office costs charged to the mines, central training expenses, industry association fees and social development costs) and rehabilitation costs, plus royalties and employee termination costs. In determining the total cash cost of different elements of the operations, production overheads are allocated pro rata.
Total production costs per ounce means a measure of the average cost of producing an ounce of gold, calculated by dividing the total production costs in a period by the total gold production over the same period. Total production costs represent total cash costs, plus amortization, depreciation and rehabilitation costs.
Waste means rock mined with an insufficient gold content to justify processing.
Yield means the actual grade of ore realized after the mining and treatment process.
130
ITEM 4A: UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not applicable.
131
ITEM 5: OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
You should read the following discussion and analysis together with Gold Fields consolidated financial statements including the notes, appearing elsewhere in this annual report. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below and elsewhere in this annual report includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. See Forward-looking Statements and Risk Factors for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in this annual report.
Overview
General
Gold Fields is a significant producer of gold and a major holder of gold reserves in South Africa, Ghana, Australia and Peru. In Peru, Gold Fields also produces copper. Gold Fields is primarily involved in underground and surface gold and copper mining and related activities, including exploration, extraction, processing and smelting. Gold Fields also has an interest in a platinum group metal (and associated by-product metals) exploration project in Finland. Gold Fields is one of the largest gold producers in the world, based on annual production. In the year ended December 31, 2011, Gold Fields produced 3.697 million ounces of gold and gold equivalents, 3.485 million ounces of which were attributable to Gold Fields, and the remainder of which were attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in Gold Fields Ghana Limited, or Gold Fields Ghana, Abosso Goldfields Limited, or Abosso and Gold Fields La Cima S.A.A., or La Cima. Gold Fields reported attributable gold reserves, including copper expressed as gold equivalent ounces, of 80.6 million ounces as of December 31, 2011, with attributable gold reserves (excluding copper) of 77.6 million ounces and attributable copper reserves of 1.109 million pounds. For a description of how gold equivalent ounces are determined, see Defined Terms and Conventions.
Total gold production was 3.841 million ounces in fiscal 2010 (3.497 million ounces of which were attributable to Gold Fields with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in Gold Fields Ghana, Abosso and La Cima).
In fiscal 2011, production from the South African operations decreased 11.0% mainly due to wage related industrial action, safety related stoppages and grade declines compared with fiscal 2010. At KDC (Kloof Driefontein Complex) production was 13.8% lower due to the reasons above resulting in lower underground mining volumes at lower grades. Beatrixs production was 11.5% lower due to overall lower mining grade at the North section, lower volumes mined and a lower mine call factor. Although lower than anticipated, South Deeps production increased by 3.1% in line with the production build-up mainly through an increase in long hole stoping and benching. Production at the international operations increased by 3.6%. In Ghana, Tarkwas production remained flat. Damangs production was 5.0% higher due to the commissioning of the secondary crusher in the last quarter of fiscal 2010 which allowed more hard high-grade ore to be milled in fiscal 2011. In Australia, St. Ives production increased 10.3% mainly due to more ore mined from Athena underground and the Diana, Formidable and Mars/Minotaur link, partially offset by the closure of Belleisle in May 2011. At Agnew, production was 17.4% higher primarily due to improved performance at the Waroonga underground mine and additional ore feed from Songvang mined during fiscal 2011. In Peru, Cerro Coronas production decreased 2.7% mainly due to the lower copper price relative to the gold price in fiscal 2011.
Comparability of Historical Financial Information
In 2010, Gold Fields changed its fiscal year end from June 30 to December 31 to align with the Companys peers in the gold mining industry. It may not be possible to directly compare the audited consolidated financial statements as at and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 with the audited consolidated financial statements as at and for the six month period ended December 31, 2010, as these relate to different financial periods, and it may not be possible to compare audited consolidated financial statements as at and for the six
132
month period ended December 31, 2010 directly with the audited financial statements as at and for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2010 or 2009, insofar as such financial statements refer to a completed financial year. Accordingly, the discussion below provides a comparison of fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010 (which do not reflect the same 12 month periods, however no seasonality affects the reporting periods as they both report on a full fiscal year), the six months ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, and fiscal 2010 and 2009. Management believes that there are no factors that would materially affect the comparability of fiscal 2011 and 2010, except for the effect of inflation affecting fiscal 2011.
Mvelaphanda Transaction
On March 8, 2004, the shareholders of Gold Fields approved a series of transactions, referred to in this discussion as the Mvelaphanda Transaction, involving the acquisition by Mvelaphanda Resources Limited, or Mvela Resources, of a 15% beneficial interest in the South African gold mining assets of Gold Fields for a cash consideration of R4,139 million.
Acquisition and disposal of IRCA
On March 1, 2007, Gold Fields acquired 70% of IRCA (Pty) Limited, or IRCA, for $7.9 million. The consideration consisted of $5.3 million in cash plus the assumption of a bank overdraft of $2.6 million. IRCA is a company that specializes in mine safety training and it formed part of the Gold Fields Business Leadership Academy structure. The holding in IRCA was disposed of in March 2009 for $5.0 million, resulting in a loss of $0.3 million.
Sale of Essakane project
On October 11, 2007, Gold Fields reached an agreement to sell its 60% stake in the Essakane exploration project located in Burkina Faso to Orezone for a minimum total consideration of $200 million. The transaction closed on November 26, 2007. Orezone paid Gold Fields $152 million in cash and issued 41,666,667 common shares having an aggregate subscription price of $48 million to its wholly-owned subsidiary, Gold Fields Essakane (BVI) Limited.
Following the acquisition, Gold Fields owned 41,666,667 common shares of Orezone, representing 12.2% of Orezones issued and outstanding common shares. During fiscal 2009, Gold Fields exchanged the Orezone shares for approximately 3.3 million shares of IAMGold, as a result of the acquisition of all Orezone shares by IAMGold. Gold Fields subsequently disposed of the IAMGold shares for a cash consideration of $33.4 million. See Results of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009(Loss)/Profit on disposal of listed investments.
Disposal of Sino Gold shares
During fiscal 2010, Gold Fields entered into a sale agreement with Eldorado Gold Corporation, or Eldorado, to exchange its entire holding in Sino Gold (50 million shares) for equivalent shares in Eldorado (28 million). This resulted in a profit of $57.4 million. Subsequent to the share exchange, a further four million top-up shares were issued to Gold Fields by Eldorado. The entire holding in Eldorado was sold during fiscal 2010 resulting in a profit of $99.9 million of which $53.6 million relating to the top-up shares was accounted for as a gain on financial instruments. The total proceeds on disposal of the Eldorado shares were $361.9 million.
St. Ives royalty termination
On August 27, 2009, Gold Fields reached agreement with Morgan Stanley Bank to terminate, for A$308 million ($257.1 million), the royalty agreement between St. Ives Gold Mining Company Pty Limited and Morgan Stanley Banks subsidiaries. The terminated royalty agreement required St. Ives to pay a 4% net smelter
133
volume royalty on all of its revenues once total gold produced from November 30, 2001 exceeded 3.3 million ounces which was triggered early in fiscal 2009, and provided that if the gold price exceeded A$600 per ounce, to pay an additional 10% of the revenue difference between the spot gold price, in Australian dollars per ounce, and the price of A$600 per ounce.
Purchase of Glencar
In fiscal 2010, Gold Fields acquired, for cash, 100% of Glencar Mining Plc., a company whose principal asset, and only defined resource, is the Komana project in Southern Mali, West Africa. The cash consideration paid was $43.0 million.
Payment for exploration rights in the Far South East Project
On September 20, 2010, Gold Fields entered into option agreements with Lepanto Consolidated Mining Company, or Lepanto, a company listed in the Philippines, and Liberty Express Assets, or Liberty, a private holding company, to acquire a 60% interest in the undeveloped gold-copper Far Southeast, or FSE, deposit in the Philippines.
The agreements provide Gold Fields with an 18 month option on FSE, during which time Gold Fields will conduct a major drilling program as part of a feasibility study on FSE. The option was initially granted to Gold Fields for the later of 18 months from signature in September 2010 or the date of receiving a FTAA for the project. A FTAA license allows a foreign corporation to control a majority interest in a Philippine mining project. As part of the agreement, Gold Fields was required to pay $10.0 million in option fees to Lepanto and $44.0 million as a non-refundable down payment to Liberty upon signing of the option agreement, which payments were made during October 2010. During fiscal 2011, Gold Fields paid a further non-refundable down-payment of $66.0 million to Liberty, in accordance with the agreement. On March 22, 2012, Gold Fields exercised its option to acquire 40% of FSE after making a payment of $110.0 million. The final payment of $110.0 million is payable at the expiration of the option period. The total pre-agreed acquisition price for a 60% interest in FSE, inclusive of all of the above payments, is $340.0 million. See Information on the CompanyDevelopments since June 30, 2010.
Purchase of noncontrolling interests
On March 22, 2011, Gold Fields announced a voluntary purchase offer in Lima, Peru, to acquire the outstanding common voting shares and investment shares of La Cima that it did not already own. Gold Fields offered 4.20 Peruvian Nuevos Soles in cash for each La Cima common or investment share. The offer closed on April 15, 2011. The transaction resulted in Gold Fields increasing its stake in La Cima from 80.7% to 98.5%, after purchasing 254.8 million shares, at a cost of $382.3 million
On April 15, 2011, Gold Fields announced that a binding agreement had been entered into with IAMGold Corporation to acquire IAMGolds 18.9% indirect minority stake (noncontrolling interest) in Tarkwa and Damang, for a cash consideration of $667.0 million. Upon completion of the acquisition, which was subject to obtaining shareholder approval, Gold Fields increased its interest in each of the Tarkwa and Damang gold mines from 71.1% to 90%, with the remaining 10% interest being held by the government of Ghana.
On October 14, 2011, Gold Fields purchased a 26% interest in Western Areas Prospecting from Peotona Gold (Proprietary) Limited for $6.3 million. The transaction was concluded in terms of an agreement signed between the parties during fiscal 2009. Gold Fields now owns 100% of Western Areas Prospecting which owns the Cardoville, the Kalbasfontein, the WA4 and the Wildebeestkuil prospecting rights.
Revenues
Substantially all of Gold Fields revenues are derived from the sale of gold and copper. As a result, Gold Fields revenues are directly related to the prices of gold and copper. Historically, the prices of gold and copper have fluctuated widely. The gold and copper prices are affected by numerous factors over which Gold Fields does not have control. See Risk FactorsChanges in the market price for gold, and to a lesser extent copper,
134
which in the past have fluctuated widely, affect the profitability of Gold Fields operations and the cash flows generated by those operations. The volatility of gold and copper prices is illustrated in the following tables, which show the annual high, low and average of the London afternoon fixing price of gold and the London Metal Exchange cash settlement price for copper in U.S. dollars for the past 12 calendar years and to date in calendar year 2012:
Price per ounce(1) | ||||||||||||
Gold |
High | Low | Average | |||||||||
($/oz) | ||||||||||||
1999 |
326 | 253 | 279 | |||||||||
2000 |
313 | 264 | 282 | |||||||||
2001 |
293 | 256 | 270 | |||||||||
2002 |
349 | 278 | 310 | |||||||||
2003 |
416 | 320 | 363 | |||||||||
2004 |
454 | 375 | 409 | |||||||||
2005 |
537 | 411 | 445 | |||||||||
2006 |
725 | 525 | 604 | |||||||||
2007 |
834 | 607 | 687 | |||||||||
2008 |
1,011 | 713 | 872 | |||||||||
2009 |
1,213 | 810 | 972 | |||||||||
2010 |
1,421 | 1,058 | 1,224 | |||||||||
2011 |
1,895 | 1,319 | 1,571 | |||||||||
2012 (through March 23, 2012) |
1,781 | 1,598 | 1,692 |
Note:
(1) | Rounded to the nearest U.S. dollar. |
On March 23, 2012, the London afternoon fixing price of gold was U.S.$1,664 per ounce.
Price per ounce(1) | ||||||||||||
Copper |
High | Low | Average | |||||||||
($/oz) | ||||||||||||
1999 |
1,846 | 1,354 | 1,574 | |||||||||
2000 |
2,009 | 1,607 | 1,814 | |||||||||
2001 |
1,837 | 1,319 | 1,577 | |||||||||
2002 |
1,690 | 1,421 | 1,558 | |||||||||
2003 |
2,321 | 1,545 | 1,780 | |||||||||
2004 |
3,287 | 2,337 | 2,867 | |||||||||
2005 |
4,650 | 3,072 | 3,687 | |||||||||
2006 |
8,788 | 4,537 | 6,728 | |||||||||
2007 |
8,301 | 5,226 | 7,128 | |||||||||
2008 |
8,985 | 2,770 | 6,952 | |||||||||
2009 |
7,346 | 3,051 | 5,164 | |||||||||
2010 |
9,740 | 6,091 | 7,539 | |||||||||
2011 |
9,986 | 7,062 | 8,836 | |||||||||
2012 (through March 23, 2012) |
8,658 | 7,661 | 8,297 |
Note:
Source: I-Net
(1) | Rounded to the nearest U.S. dollar. |
135
On March 23, 2012, the London Metal Exchange cash settlement price for copper was U.S.$8,401 per ton.
As a general rule, Gold Fields sells the gold it produces at market prices to obtain the maximum benefit from prevailing gold prices and does not enter into hedging arrangements such as forward sales or derivatives which establish a price in advance for the sale of its future gold production. Hedges can be undertaken in one or more of the following circumstances: to protect cash flows at times of significant capital expenditures; for specific debt servicing requirements; and to safeguard the viability of higher cost operations. At December 31, 2011, Gold Fields had no outstanding hedges. See Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market RiskCommodity Price Sensitivity. Significant changes in the prices of gold and copper over a sustained period of time may lead Gold Fields to increase or decrease its production in the near-term, which could have a material impact on Gold Fields revenues.
Sales of copper concentrate are provisionally pricedthat is the selling price is subject to final adjustment at the end of a period normally ranging from 30 to 90 days after delivery to the customer, based on market prices at the relevant quotation points stipulated in the contract.
Revenue on provisionally priced copper concentrate sales is recorded on the date of shipment, net of refining and treatment charges, using the forward London Metal Exchange price to the estimated final pricing date, adjusted for the specific terms of the agreements. Variations between the price used to recognize revenue and the actual final price received can be caused by changes in prevailing copper and gold prices and result in an embedded derivative. The host contract is the receivable from the sale of copper concentrate at the forward London Metal Exchange price at the time of sale. The embedded derivative, which does not qualify for hedge accounting, is marked-to-market each period until final settlement occurs, with changes in fair value classified as provisional price adjustments and included as a component of revenue while the contract itself is recorded in accounts receivable.
Gold Fields Realized Gold and Copper Prices
The following table sets out the average, the high and the low London afternoon fixing price per ounce of gold and Gold Fields average U.S. dollar realized gold price during the past three fiscal years and the six months ended December 31, 2010 and 2009. Gold Fields average realized gold price per equivalent ounce is calculated using the actual price per ounce of gold received on gold sold and the actual amount of revenue received on sales of copper, expressed in terms of the price per gold equivalent ounce. For a description of how gold equivalent ounces are determined, see Defined Terms and Conventions.
Fiscal | Six months ended December 31 |
Fiscal | ||||||||||||||||||
Realized Gold Price(1) |
2009 | 2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | |||||||||||||||
Average |
874 | 1,089 | 1,028 | 1,295 | 1,567 | |||||||||||||||
High |
989 | 1,261 | 1,213 | 1,421 | 1,875 | |||||||||||||||
Low |
713 | 909 | 909 | 1,157 | 1,319 | |||||||||||||||
Gold Fields average realized gold price(2) |
875 | 1,085 | 1,026 | 1,292 | 1,569 |
Notes:
(1) | Prices stated per ounce. |
(2) | Gold Fields average realized gold price may differ from the average gold price due to the timing of its sales of gold within each year. |
136
The following table sets out the average, the high and the low London Metal Exchange cash settlement price per ton for copper and Gold Fields average U.S. dollar realized copper price for the ten month period from September 1, 2008 (when the Cerro Corona Mine commenced production) and fiscal 2010 and 2011 and the six months ended December 31, 2010 and 2009.
10 months ended June 30, 2009 |
Fiscal 2010 |
Six months ended December 31 |
Fiscal 2011 |
|||||||||||||||||
Realized Copper Price(1)(3) |
2009 | 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||
Average |
4,322 | 6,675 | 6,238 | 7,933 | 8,836 | |||||||||||||||
High |
7,420 | 7,951 | 7,346 | 9,740 | 9,986 | |||||||||||||||
Low |
2,770 | 4,821 | 4,821 | 6,354 | 7,062 | |||||||||||||||
Gold Fields average realized Copper price(2) |
4,115 | 6,273 | 5,634 | 7,182 | 8,160 |
Notes:
(1) | Prices stated per ton. |
(2) | Gold Fields average realized copper price may differ from the average copper price due to the timing of its sales of copper within each year and is net of treatment and refining charges. |
(3) | Realized copper price relates to the ten months ended June 30, 2009, the 12 month period ended June 30, 2010 and 12 month period ended December 31, 2011. See Comparability of Historical Financial Information. |
Costs
Over the last three fiscal years (including the transition period), Gold Fields total cash costs consist primarily of labor and, where applicable, contractor costs, power and water and consumable stores, which include explosives, timber and other consumables, including diesel fuel and other petroleum products. Gold Fields expects that its total cash costs, particularly the input costs noted above, are likely to continue to increase in the near future driven by general economic trends, market dynamics and other regulatory changes.
In order to counter the effect of increasing costs in the mining industry, Gold Fields has introduced broad-based cost saving initiatives which are collectively referred to as the Business Process Re-engineering program, or BPR. This program has been implemented across the Group. This program will focus on identifying and realizing major cost savings on an on-going basis to ensure the long term sustainability of the operations. See Information on the CompanyDescription of the Mining BusinessProductivity and Cost InitiativesBusiness Process Re-engineering Program. One of Gold Fields strategic priorities relates to the proactive management of costs with a view to maintaining an NCE margin of between 20% and 25% at each mine.
Gold Fields South African operations are labor intensive due to the use of deep level underground mining methods. As a result, over the last three fiscal years labor has represented on average approximately 49% of total cash costs at the South African operations.
At the South African operations, power and water made up on average approximately 13% of total cash costs over the last three fiscal years. In fiscal 2011, power costs made up 15% of the costs of production at the South African operations. Eskom applied to the National Energy Regulator of South Africa, or NERSA, for a 35% average tariff increase on each of April 1, 2010, 2011 and 2012, and NERSA granted average increases of 24.8%, 25.8% and 25.9%, respectively. However, on March 9, 2012, NERSA announced a reduction in the electricity tariff increase from 25.9% to 16%, from April 1, 2012, through to March 2013. Gold Fields expects further significant additional increases during the next several years as Eskom embarks on an electricity generation capacity expansion program.
Both Gold Fields Ghana and Abosso have agreed on new tariffs with their respective power suppliers (the state electricity supplier, the Volta River Authority, or VRA, supplies power to Gold Fields Ghana and the Electricity Company of Ghana, or ECG, provides power to Abosso), representing a 54% increase from fiscal
137
2010 to fiscal 2011. Until gas supply to the generating units in Ghana is assured, energy prices will correlate with the crude oil price. In this regard, it is expected that the next tariff review will result in an increase in the tariff. The VRA has provided a revised Power Sales and Purchase Agreement between VRA and Gold Fields Ghana which is expected to be concluded in April 2012. VRA tariffs for the period from January 2011 to December 2011 have been concluded. A tariff has been agreed with the ECG covering the period June 1, 2010 to May 31, 2011. Tariff rates for June 2011 to May 2012 are being negotiated. Any increase in the electricity price could have a material adverse effect on the Groups business and operating results.
At the Ghana operations, Damang completed the transition to owner mining in March 2011. In fiscal 2005, Tarkwa began engaging in owner mining and therefore significantly reduced its use of outside contractors. Both Tarkwa and Damang completed the transition to owner maintenance of the trucking fleet during fiscal 2011. Contractor costs represented on average 15% of total cash costs at Tarkwa over the last three fiscal years, and 9% of total cash costs during fiscal 2011. Over the last three fiscal years contractor costs represented on average 36% of total cash costs at Damang with 17% in fiscal 2011. Direct labor costs represent on average a further 9% of total cash costs at Tarkwa over the last three fiscal years and 10% in fiscal 2011. Over the last three fiscal years direct labor costs represented on average 8% at Damang and 9% in fiscal 2011.
At Cerro Corona, labor represented 29% of total cash costs and contractor costs represented 33% of total cash costs in fiscal 2011. Over the last two fiscal years direct labor costs represented on average 25% of total cash costs and contractor costs represented 36%. Cerro Corona has only been in production for a full year since fiscal 2010 therefore only two years comparatives can be provided.
At the Australian operations, mining operations were conducted by outside contractors. However at Agnew, owner mining at the underground operations commenced in May 2010, while development is still conducted by outside contractors. At St. Ives, owner mining at the underground operations commenced in July 2011, but development and surface operations are still conducted by contractors. Over the last three fiscal years, total contractor costs represented on average 44% at Agnew and 36% at St. Ives of total cash costs and direct labor costs represented on average a further 18% at Agnew and 15% at St. Ives of total cash costs. In fiscal 2011, contractors and direct labor cost represented 41% and 12% at Agnew and 37% and 18% at St. Ives, respectively.
Gold Fields operations in Ghana consume large quantities of diesel fuel for the running of their mining fleet. The cost of diesel fuel is directly related to the oil price and any movement in the oil price will have an impact on the cost of diesel fuel and therefore the cost of running the mining fleet. Over the last three fiscal years, fuel costs have represented approximately 13% of total cash costs at the Ghana operations. Fuel use is proportionately higher at the Ghana operations than at other operations because open pit mining in general requires more fuel usage than underground mining and because of the configuration of the Ghana operations, including the scale of certain of the pits and the distances between the pits and the plants. In order to provide some protection against future increases in oil prices, and therefore in diesel fuel prices, Gold Fields has in recent years entered into various call options for diesel fuel for the benefit of its Ghana operations. There were no call options entered into during fiscal 2011. However, call options entered into during fiscal 2009 expired on February 28, 2010. See Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market RiskCommodity Price Sensitivity, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market RiskCommodity Price Hedging PolicyOil, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market RiskCommodity Price Hedging ExperienceOil and Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market RiskCommodity Price Contract PositionOil.
During fiscal 2010, price participation royalties of A$3.4 million ($3.0 million) were paid to certain subsidiaries of Morgan Stanley Bank in respect of St. Ives. No such royalties were paid in fiscal 2011 due to the buy-out of the royalty in fiscal 2010.
138
Total gold produced from St. Ives since November 30, 2001 exceeded 3.3 million ounces prior to July 1, 2009, creating the liability to pay the 4% net smelter volume royalty which amounted to A$2.8 million ($2.5 million) for fiscal 2010. See Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsAustralia Operations. On August 26, 2009, Gold Fields terminated the royalty for a consideration of A$308 million ($257.1 million). The remainder of Gold Fields total costs consist primarily of amortization and depreciation, exploration costs and selling, administration and general and corporate charges.
Notional Cash Expenditure
Gold Fields defines NCE as operating costs plus additions to property, plant and equipment, and defines operating costs as production costs (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) plus corporate expenditure, employment termination costs and accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation. Gold Fields reports NCE on a per equivalent ounce basis. Management considers NCE per equivalent ounce to be an important measure as it believes NCE per ounce provides more information than other commonly used measures, such as total cash costs per equivalent ounce, regarding the real cost to Gold Fields of producing an equivalent ounce of gold, reflecting not only the ongoing costs of production but also the investment cost of bringing mines into production. Management also believes that revenue less NCE is a useful indication of the cash Gold Fields has available for paying taxes, repaying debt, funding exploration and paying dividends and the like.
NCE is not a U.S. GAAP measure. An investor should not consider NCE or operating costs in isolation or as alternatives to production costs, cash flows from operating activities or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. NCE and operating costs as presented in this annual report may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of performance of other companies.
The following tables set out a reconciliation of Gold Fields production costs, as calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP, to its NCE for fiscal 2011, 2010, 2009 and the six months ended December 31, 2010 and 2009.
For the year ended December 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDC | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives | Agnew | Cerro Corona |
Corporate | Group(3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in $ million except as otherwise stated)(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Costs |
1,011.8 | 329.3 | 293.9 | 446.0 | 172.1 | 398.7 | 144.9 | 155.6 | (3.7 | ) | 2,948.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Add: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate expenditure |
5.3 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 4.0 | 1.2 | 2.9 | 1.2 | 5.0 | 3.2 | 25.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employment termination costs |
27.0 | 4.9 | 0.1 | | | | | | 0.8 | 32.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GIP movement |
| | | 78.6 | (1.1 | ) | (2.9 | ) | 2.7 | (0.1 | ) | | 77.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation |
10.8 | 2.9 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 0.3 | 4.2 | 2.3 | 1.7 | | 24.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Operating costs(3) |
1,054.8 | 338.7 | 296.4 | 530.4 | 172.6 | 403.0 | 151.1 | 162.1 | 0.3 | 3,109.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Additions to property, plant and equipment |
318.6 | 84.6 | 274.6 | 124.8 | 57.4 | 150.8 | 63.3 | 69.4 | 9.5 | 1,153.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure(3) |
1,373.4 | 423.4 | 571.0 | 655.2 | 230.0 | 553.7 | 214.3 | 231.5 | 9.8 | 4,262.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Gold produced (000oz) |
1,100.1 | 346.8 | 273.0 | 717.3 | 217.7 | 464.5 | 194.0 | 383.1 | (2) | | 3,696.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($) |
1,248 | 1,221 | 2,092 | 913 | 1,056 | 1,192 | 1,105 | 604 | | 1,153 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes:
(1) | Calculated using an average exchange rate of R7.22 per $1.00. |
139
(2) | Including gold equivalent ounces. |
(3) | This total may not reflect the sum of the line items due to rounding. |
For the year ended June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives | Agnew | Cerro Corona |
Corporate | Group(3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in $ million except as otherwise stated)(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Costs |
487.5 | 435.6 | 289.8 | 216.5 | 452.9 | 122.9 | 320.4 | 92.4 | 126.0 | | 2,544.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Add: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate expenditure |
10.3 | 9.4 | 5.5 | 3.8 | 5.7 | 1.5 | 3.6 | 1.6 | 6.1 | | 47.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employment termination costs |
2.6 | 3.4 | 2.7 | 0.7 | | | | 0.3 | | 0.6 | 10.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GIP movement |
| | | | 10.9 | (1.3 | ) | 18.8 | (0.3 | ) | 1.3 | | 29.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation |
4.8 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 0.3 | 3.3 | 1.6 | 1.5 | | 19.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating costs(3) |
505.1 | 451.4 | 300.4 | 221.5 | 470.8 | 123.3 | 346.1 | 95.6 | 134.9 | 0.6 | 2,649.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Additions to property, plant and equipment |
150.3 | 145.7 | 85.8 | 212.8 | 64.6 | 29.8 | 84.9 | 48.8 | 85.6 | 4.6 | 913.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure(3) |
655.4 | 597.1 | 386.2 | 434.3 | 535.4 | 153.1 | 431.0 | 144.5 | 220.5 | 5.2 | 3,562.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold produced (000oz) |
709.8 | 566.5 | 391.9 | 264.8 | 720.7 | 207.4 | 421.1 | 165.2 | 393.6 | (2) | | 3,841.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($) |
923 | 1,053 | 985 | 1,640 | 743 | 738 | 1,023 | 874 | 560 | | 928 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes:
(1) | Calculated using an average exchange rate of R7.58 per $1.00. |
(2) | Including gold equivalent ounces. |
(3) | This total may not reflect the sum of the line items due to rounding. |
140
For the year ended June 30, 2009 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives | Agnew | Cerro Corona |
Corporate | Group(3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in $ million except as otherwise stated)(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Costs |
378.6 | 330.6 | 218.4 | 128.3 | 359.4 | 130.7 | 288.9 | 84.6 | 79.1 | (0.3 | ) | 1,998.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Add: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate expenditure |
7.1 | 5.7 | 3.9 | 2.5 | 8.1 | 1.3 | 3.4 | 1.5 | 2.0 | | 35.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employment termination costs |
1.8 | 2.5 | 2.0 | | | | 0.6 | 0.2 | | | 7.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation |
4.0 | 3.5 | 1.8 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 1.3 | | 13.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating costs(3) |
391.8 | 342.3 | 226.1 | 131.8 | 368.3 | 132.2 | 293.6 | 86.6 | 82.4 | (0.3 | ) | 2,055.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Additions to property, plant and equipment |
114.8 | 106.4 | 69.9 | 113.3 | 140.8 | 16.9 | 49.4 | 21.7 | 116.8 | 10.2 | 760.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure(3) |
506.6 | 448.7 | 296.0 | 245.1 | 509.1 | 149.1 | 343.3 | 108.3 | 199.2 | 9.9 | 2,815.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold produced (000oz) |
829.9 | 643.0 | 391.1 | 174.7 | 612.4 | 200.4 | 428.3 | 192.1 | 219.3 | (2) | | 3,691.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($) |
610 | 698 | 757 | 1,403 | 831 | 744 | 802 | 564 | 908 | | 763 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes:
(1) | Calculated using an average exchange rate of R9.01 per $1.00. |
(2) | Including gold equivalent ounces. |
(3) | This total may not reflect the sum of the line items due to rounding. |
141
For the six months ended December 31, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDC | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives | Agnew | Cerro Corona |
Corporate | Group(3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in $ million except as otherwise stated)(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Costs |
516.8 | 168.4 | 137.0 | 257.6 | 72.3 | 161.6 | 49.5 | 72.6 | | 1,435.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Add: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate expenditure |
8.1 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 0.8 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 3.0 | | 20.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employment termination and restructuring costs |
22.0 | 7.1 | 0.4 | 0.2 | | 0.2 | 0.3 | | 5.2 | 35.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GIP movement |
| | | (1.8 | ) | 0.5 | 5.0 | 0.4 | 1.6 | | 5.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation |
4.3 | 1.4 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 0.8 | | 10.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Operating costs(3) |
551.2 | 179.2 | 139.4 | 258.8 | 73.7 | 170.4 | 52.5 | 78.0 | 5.2 | 1,508.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Additions to property, plant and equipment |
177.3 | 42.7 | 140.5 | 64.0 | 56.3 | 52.8 | 24.0 | 31.4 | 4.7 | 593.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure(3) |
728.5 | 221.9 | 279.9 | 322.8 | 129.9 | 223.2 | 76.5 | 109.4 | 9.8 | 2,101.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Gold produced (000oz) |
634.0 | 202.0 | 146.2 | 362.0 | 116.9 | 243.0 | 79.6 | 199.5 | (2) | | 1,983.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($) |
1,149 | 1,098 | 1,914 | 892 | 1,111 | 918 | 961 | 548 | | 1,060 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes:
(1) | Calculated using an average exchange rate of R7.14 per $1.00. |
(2) | Including gold equivalent ounces. |
(3) | This total may not reflect the sum of the line items due to rounding. |
142
For the six months ended December 31, 2009 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDC | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives | Agnew | Cerro Corona |
Corporate | Group(3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in $ million except as otherwise stated)(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Costs |
453.9 | 148.0 | 102.1 | 199.4 | 54.6 | 150.0 | 46.7 | 63.9 | | 1,218.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Add: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate expenditure |
9.5 | 2.7 | 1.9 | 3.1 | 0.8 | 1.9 | 0.7 | 3.1 | | 23.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employment termination and restructuring costs |
2.6 | 1.3 | | | | | | | 0.3 | 4.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GIP Movement |
| | | 10.2 | (0.7 | ) | 3.9 | 0.9 | (1.0 | ) | | 13.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation |
3.9 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 0.7 | | 9.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Operating costs(3) |
469.8 | 153.2 | 104.3 | 213.3 | 54.8 | 157.5 | 49.4 | 66.7 | 0.3 | 1,269.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Additions to property, plant and equipment |
139.9 | 40.0 | 105.9 | 33.4 | 9.9 | 41.5 | 19.1 | 46.9 | 2.5 | 439.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure(3) |
609.7 | 193.2 | 210.2 | 246.7 | 64.6 | 199.0 | 68.5 | 113.6 | 2.8 | 1,708.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Gold produced (000oz) |
695.4 | 217.2 | 136.9 | 347.9 | 96.7 | 196.3 | 92.8 | 186.9 | (2) | | 1,970.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($) |
877 | 890 | 1,535 | 709 | 668 | 1,014 | 738 | 608 | | 867 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes:
(1) | Calculated using an average rate of R7.65 per $1.00. |
(2) | Including gold equivalent ounces. |
(3) | The total may not reflect the sum of the line items due to rounding. |
NCE increased from $928 per ounce in fiscal 2010 to $1,153 per ounce in fiscal 2011, primarily because of inflation, significant increases in additions to property, plant and equipment mainly due to the project build-up at South Deep and expenditure on underground development at Athena, at St. Ives. In addition, costs increased due to the 4.7% strengthening of the South African Rand against the U.S. dollar, annual wage increases, increases in electricity tariffs in South Africa and Ghana, fuel price increases in Ghana and increase in statutory workers participation in Cerro Corona due to higher profits. These increases were partially offset by cost saving initiatives at all Gold Fields operations.
Royalties
South Africa
The Mineral and Petroleum Resource Royalty Act, 2008, or the Royalty Act, was promulgated on November 24, 2008 and came into operation on March 1, 2010. The Royalty Act imposes a royalty on refined and unrefined minerals payable to the state.
143
The royalty in respect of refined minerals (which include gold and platinum) is calculated by dividing earnings before interest and taxes, or EBIT, by the product of 12.5 times gross revenue calculated as a percentage, plus an additional 0.5%. EBIT refers to taxable mining income (with certain exceptions such as no deduction for interest payable and foreign exchange losses) before assessed losses but after capital expenditure. A maximum royalty of 5% is levied on refined minerals.
The royalty in respect of unrefined minerals (which include uranium) is calculated by dividing EBIT by the product of nine times gross revenue calculated as a percentage, plus an additional 0.5%. A maximum royalty of 7% is levied on unrefined minerals.
Where unrefined mineral resources (such as uranium) constitute less than 10% in value of the total composite mineral resources, the royalty rate in respect of refined mineral resources may be used for all gross sales and a separate calculation of EBIT for each class of mineral resources is not required. For Gold Fields, this means that currently it will pay a royalty based on the refined minerals royalty calculation as applied to its gross revenue. The rate of royalty tax payable for the fiscal 2011 was approximately 1.5% of revenue.
Ghana
Because minerals are owned by the state and held in trust by the President, the Tarkwa and Damang operations are subject to a gold royalty which was set at 5% of total revenue earned from minerals obtained, effective from March 19, 2010. Although the royalty rate of 5% became effective on March 19, 2010, Gold Fields only became subject to the higher rate after April 1, 2011. Prior to April 1, 2011, the royalty rate was calculated on a sliding scale with rates ranging from 3% to a maximum of 6% based on profitability of the mining operations.
Australia
Royalties are payable to the state based on the amount of gold produced from a mining tenement. Royalties are payable quarterly at a fixed rate of 2.5% of the royalty value of gold sold. The royalty value of gold is the amount of gold produced during the month multiplied by the average gold spot price for the month.
Peru
On October 1, 2011, the Peruvian Congress approved a new mining royalty law which established a mining royalty that owners of mining concessions must pay to the Peruvian government for the exploitation of metallic and non-metallic resources. The royalties are calculated with reference to the operating margin and ranging from 1% (for operating margins less than 10%) to 12% (for operating margins of more than 80%). Under the new regime, La Cimas effective royalty rate for fiscal 2011 was 3% of revenue.
Under the previous mining royalty law, the previous royalty rates were calculated on gross revenues with a sliding scale from 1% to 3%.
Income and Mining Taxes
South Africa
Gold Fields pays taxes on its taxable income generated by its mining and non-mining tax entities. Under South African law, gold mining companies and non-gold mining companies are taxed at different rates. Gold Fields itself and its other South African subsidiaries that are non-gold mining companies (i.e. the companies in the group not carrying on the direct gold mining operations) are taxed at a statutory rate of 28%.
GFIMSA owns both the KDC and Beatrix mines. Gold Fields Operations Limited and GFI Joint Venture Holdings (Proprietary) Limited (the legal partners of the South Deep Joint Venture), jointly own the South Deep
144
Mine. Accordingly, these companies (GFIMSA, Gold Fields Operations Limited and GFI Joint Venture Holdings (Proprietary) Limited) constitute gold mining companies for South African taxation purposes. These companies are subject to the gold formula on their mining income.
The applicable formula takes the form Y = a
|
ab | |
X |
Where y = the tax rate to be determined
a = the marginal tax rate of either 34% or 43% (depending on the Secondary Tax on Companies, or STC, electionsee below)
b = the portion of tax-free revenue (currently the first 5%)
x = the ratio of taxable income to the total income (expressed as a percentage)
In addition, these gold mining companies pay tax on their non-mining income at a rate of either 28% or 35% (depending on the STC electionsee below)
Up until December 31, 2011 a gold mining company could elect to pay a higher formula rate of tax in exchange for being exempt from Secondary Tax on Companies (the workings of STC is described in more detail below). All of Gold Fields gold mining companies made this election, and as a result these companies paid tax on their gold mining income according to the 43% variation of the gold formula above in respect of mining income, and 35% in respect of non-mining income.
During the budget speech in February 2012, the Minister of Finance announced that STC will be abolished resulting in the abolishment of the STC inclusive Gold mining formula. The result is that there will now only be one Gold Mining formula with effect from January 1, 2012.
The new applicable formula is : y = a (ab/x)
Where y = the tax rate to be determined
a = the marginal tax rate of 34%
b = the portion of tax-free revenue (currently the first 5%)
x = the ratio of taxable income to the total income
Gold Fields gold mining companies above will be taxed at a rate of 28% on any non-mining income with effect from January 1, 2012, in line with the reduction in the marginal rate applicable to mining income. The repeal of STC with effect from April 1, 2012 onwards and the introduction of the dividend withholding tax therefore results in a net lower effective tax rate paid by Gold Fields gold mining operations.
While GFIMSA owns both the KDC and Beatrix gold mines, unredeemed capital expenditure is still ring fenced between the historical gold mines (being KDC West, KDC East and Beatrix), so that capital expenditure at one of these mines cannot be used to reduce taxable income from another mine.
Up until December 31, 2011, South Africa imposed a STC, which was charged at a rate of 10%. STC was a tax on dividends declared by companies or closed corporations tax resident in South Africa.
STC differed from a dividend withholding tax in that it was a tax imposed on companies or closed corporations, and not on its shareholders. STC was payable on the amount of dividends declared by the company, less the sum of qualifying dividends received or accrued to the company during a particular time period (referred to as a dividend cycle).
145
In terms of the STC provisions, certain dividends received by South African resident companies carried STC credits, and to the extent that South African resident companies in turn declared these same dividends no additional STC was due.
While STC has now been abolished and replaced with a withholding tax on dividends at 15% with effect from April 1, 2012, there will be a three year transition period ending on March 31, 2015 during which dividends carrying STC credits may still be distributed by South African resident companies free of tax. No withholding tax on dividends will be levied on the distribution of such dividends carrying STC credits during this three year window period.
Gold Fields Limited and its subsidiaries had STC credits of approximately R2,062 million available as at December 31, 2011 (R2,793 million as at February 29, 2012). The STC credit balance was reduced by the final dividend of R2.30 per share paid by Gold Fields Limited during March 2012 to R1,114 million. At March 23, 2012, the available STC credit balance applicable to dividends distributed after April 1, 2012 is R1,114 million. Therefore, dividend payments made by Gold Fields Limited after April 1, 2012 will not attract dividend withholding tax until the R1,114 million credit balance has been exhausted.
Ghana
Ghanaian resident entities are subject to tax on the basis of income derived from, accruing in, received in, or brought into Ghana. The standard corporate income tax rate is currently 25%.
On July 21, 2009, the Ghanaian government promulgated the National Fiscal Stabilisation Levy Act, which introduces a levy of 5% on profits before tax of companies in selected industries, including mining. The Ghanaian government has in its 2012 annual budget statement announced that the National Fiscal Stabilisation Levy does not apply for the 2012 calendar year onwards. The National Fiscal Stabilisation Levy therefore was only applicable to the 2009, 2010 and 2011 calendar years, commencing for Gold Fields during the quarter ended September 30, 2009. The levy was introduced as a temporary measure to raise additional revenue and meet critical government expenditure, and was not intended to be a permanent feature of the Ghanaian fiscal regime.
Tax depreciation of capital equipment operates under a capital allowance regime. The capital allowances for mine development consist of an initial allowance of 80% of the cost of assets added in that calendar year the balance of the brought forward balance is depreciated at the rate of 50% per year on a declining balance basis. For the purposes of computing depreciation for the year following its acquisition, 5% of the cost of the mining asset acquired in the prior year is included in the balance, effectively allowing a total of 105% allowance on mining assets. Under the project development agreement, (entered into between the Ghanaian government and Gold Fields Ghana) and the deed of warranty, (entered into between the Ghanaian government and Abosso), the government has agreed that no withholding tax shall be payable on any dividend or capital repayment declared by Gold Fields Ghana or Abosso which is due and payable to any shareholder not normally resident in Ghana.
Recent amendments
The following changes to the current tax regime relating to mining companies were passed by the Ghanaian parliament and gazetted as of March 9, 2012. The changes include the following:
| Increased tax rate for mining companies from 25% to 35%. |
| As from the 2012 year of assessment, capital allowances on mining assets would now be granted at the rate of 20% on the cost base of the assets, versus the previous 80% of the cost base of assets in the first year, 50% of the balance (the remaining 20%) of the tax written down value annually thereafter. Previously an upliftment allowance calculated as being 5% of the cost price of the asset was also granted claimable in the year following the acquisition. This upliftment allowance has expired and is to be abolished. |
146
| Expenses exclusively incurred on one contracting area or site would no longer be offset against profits from another contracting area or site belonging to the same company in determining the chargeable income for income tax purposes (The mechanics of this change still need to be defined by the Ghanaian tax authorities). |
| Expiration of the National Fiscal Stabilisation Levy of 5%. |
In addition, the following further amendments have been proposed:
| A windfall profit tax of 10% on mining companies. The 10% is expected to be calculated based on an adjusted cash balance method, which is yet to be defined. |
| Capital gains tax on the appreciation in the value of companies whose ownerships are transferred or changed. |
| The introduction of transfer pricing regulations to strengthen existing legislation to deal with taxation of multinational companies and minimize the incidence of tax avoidance through Transfer Pricing. Transfer Pricing refers to the setting, analysis, documentation and adjustment of charges made between related parties for goods, services or use of property. |
Australia
Generally, Australia imposes tax on the worldwide income (including capital gains) of all of Gold Fields Australian incorporated and tax resident entities. The current income tax rate for companies is 30%. Exploration costs are deductible in full as incurred and other capital expenditure is deductible over the lives of the assets acquired.
With effect from July 1, 2001, the Australian legislature introduced a Uniform Capital Allowance, which allows tax deductions for:
| depreciation attributable to assets; and |
| certain other capital expenditures. |
Gold Fields Australia and its wholly-owned Australian controlled entities have elected to be treated as a tax consolidated group for taxation purposes. As a tax consolidated group, a single tax return is lodged for the group based on the consolidated results of all companies within the group. The decision to implement the tax consolidation regime was made by Gold Fields during the 2005 fiscal year and applied as of July 1, 2003.
Withholding tax is payable on dividends, interest and royalties paid by Australian residents to non-residents. In the case of dividend payments to non-residents, withholding tax at a rate of 30% will apply. However, where the recipient of the dividend is a resident of a country with which Australia has concluded a double taxation agreement, the rate of withholding tax is generally limited to 15% (or 10% where the dividend is paid to a companys parent company). Where dividends are paid out of profits that have been subject to Australian corporate tax there is no withholding tax, regardless of whether a double taxation agreement is in place.
Peru
Peru taxes resident individuals and domiciled corporations on their worldwide income. The corporate income tax rate applicable to domiciled corporations is 30% on taxable income. Capital gains are also taxed as ordinary income for domiciled corporations.
Tax losses may be carried forward by a domiciled corporation using one of the following methods:
| losses may be carried forward and used in full in the subsequent four tax years. The balance of tax losses carried forward and not used during these four tax years is forfeited; or |
| losses can be carried forward, and up to 50% of the tax loss may be set off against taxable income in a subsequent tax year. The balance of the assessed losses may be carried forward and applied on this basis until the balance is fully used up, with no time limit on the carry forward. |
147
On October 4, 2007, La Cima and its parent company, Gold Fields Corona (BVI) Limited, or Gold Fields Corona, signed Investment Stability Agreements on withholding taxes and income tax rates, or Partial Stability Agreement, with the relevant governmental authorities in Peru. These agreements, among other things, guarantee the current tax regime, including a 4.1% withholding tax rate on dividends and 30% income tax rate, for a period of 10 years. In line with certain provisions of these agreements, Gold Fields Corona capitalized $404.5 million of inter-company loans in March 2008.
On August 24, 2011 the mining sector signed a letter of understanding with the government of Peru stating that:
| taxes will be based on a progressive scale over operating profit; and |
| increased collection will come from existing and new operations. |
Companies without signed stability agreements or with Partial Stability Agreements, such as La Cima, will pay a new royalty (which effectively replaces the existing royalty regime) calculated with reference to the operating margin and ranging from 1% (for operating margins of less than 10%) to 12% (for operating margins of more than 80%). Such companies would also be subject to a Special tax on mining, or IEM, ranging from 2% (for operating margins of less than 10%) to 8.4% (for operating margins of more than 85%).
Companies with signed stability agreements, or Comprehensive Stability Agreements, would be subject to a Special Levy on Mining, or GEM, ranging from 4% (for operating margins of less than 10%) to 13.12% (for operating margins of more than 85%). These companies would also be expected to sign voluntary agreements with the Government. Stabilized companies would only be subject to GEM and not IEM. Stabilized companies who currently are exempt from royalty payments would only pay the new GEM tax and not the new royalty, where stabilized companies who are not exempt from paying royalties will pay the new royalty and the GEM tax but be entitled to deduct the royalty payments against the GEM payment so due.
The new royalty, IEM and GEM would be treated as tax deductible and the new royalty would no longer be treated as sales cost as was the case with the previous royalty.
Exchange Rates
Gold Fields South African revenues and costs are very sensitive to the Rand/U.S. dollar exchange rate because revenues are generated using a gold price denominated in U.S. dollars, while the costs of the South African operations are incurred principally in Rand. Depreciation of the Rand against the U.S. dollar reduces Gold Fields average costs when they are translated into U.S. dollars, thereby increasing the operating margin of the South African operations. Conversely, appreciation of the Rand results in South African operating costs being translated into U.S. dollars at a lower Rand/U.S. dollar exchange rate, resulting in lower operating margins. The impact on profitability of any change in the value of the Rand against the U.S. dollar can be substantial. Furthermore, the exchange rates obtained when converting U.S. dollars to Rand are set by foreign exchange markets, over which Gold Fields has no control. For more information regarding fluctuations in the value of the Rand against the U.S. dollar, see Key InformationExchange Rates. In fiscal 2011, movements in the U.S. dollar/Rand exchange rate had a significant impact on Gold Fields results of operations as the Rand strengthened 4.7% against the U.S. dollar, from an average of 7.58 in fiscal 2010 to 7.22 in fiscal 2011.
With respect to the Australian operations, the effect of fluctuations in the value of the Australian dollar against the U.S. dollar will be similar to that for the Rand, with weakness in the Australian dollar resulting in improved earnings for Gold Fields and strength in the Australian dollar producing the opposite result.
With respect to its operations in Ghana and Peru, a substantial portion of Gold Fields operating costs (including wages) are either directly incurred in U.S. dollars or are determined according to a formula by which costs are indexed to the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, fluctuations in the Ghanaian Cedi and Peruvian Nuevos Soles do not materially impact operating results for the Ghana and Peru operations.
148
During fiscal 2011, Gold Fields had three different currency forward contracts:
| South African rand/U.S. dollar forward cover contract with an initial value of $2 million which was delivered into during fiscal 2011; |
| South African rand/Canadian dollar forward cover contract with an initial value of C$0.4 million which was delivered into during fiscal 2011; and |
| South African rand/Australian dollar forward cover contract with an initial value of A$3 million of which A$3 million was outstanding at the end of fiscal 2011. |
See Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market RiskForeign Currency SensitivityForeign Currency Hedging Experience.
Inflation
It is possible that a period of significant inflation could adversely affect Gold Fields results and financial condition. The majority of Gold Fields costs at the South African operations are in Rand and revenues from gold sales are in U.S. dollars. Generally, when inflation is high, the Rand potentially devalues thereby increasing Rand revenues and potentially offsetting the increase in costs. The same applies to the Australian operations with regard to the link between Australian dollars and U.S. dollars. The Peruvian and Ghanaian operations, on the other hand, are affected by inflation without a potential similar effect on revenue proceeds thereby increasing the impact of inflation on the operating margins.
Capital Expenditures
Gold Fields will continue to be required to make capital investments in both new and existing infrastructure and opportunities and, therefore, management will be required to continue to balance the demands for capital expenditure in the business and allocate Gold Fields resources in a focused manner to achieve its sustainable growth objectives. Gold Fields expects that its use of available capital resources and allocation of its capital expenditures may shift in future periods as it increases investment in certain of its exploration projects.
Set out below are the capital expenditures made by Gold Fields during fiscal 2011.
South African Operations
| Gold Fields spent approximately $319 million on capital expenditures at the KDC operation in fiscal 2011 and has budgeted $333 million of capital expenditures at KDC for fiscal 2012. |
| Gold Fields spent approximately $85 million on capital expenditures at the Beatrix operation in fiscal 2011 and expects to spend approximately $92 million on capital expenditures at Beatrix in fiscal 2012. |
| Gold Fields spent approximately $275 million on capital expenditures at the South Deep operation in fiscal 2011 and expects to spend approximately $318 million on capital expenditures at South Deep in fiscal 2012. |
Ghanaian Operations
| Gold Fields spent approximately $125 million on capital expenditures at the Tarkwa operation in fiscal 2011 (excluding $94 million spent on capital waste mining, which is expensed) and has budgeted $172 million for capital expenditures at Tarkwa for fiscal 2012 (excluding $107 million budgeted on capital waste mining, which is expensed). |
149
| Gold Fields spent approximately $57 million on capital expenditures at the Damang mine in fiscal 2011 (excluding $31 million spent on capital waste mining, which is expensed) and has budgeted $60 million of capital expenditures at Damang for fiscal 2012 (excluding $32 million budgeted on capital waste mining, which is expensed). |
Australian Operations
| Gold Fields spent approximately $151 million on capital expenditures at St. Ives in fiscal 2011 (excluding $32 million spent on capital waste mining, which is expensed) and has budgeted $160 million for capital expenditures at St. Ives in fiscal 2012 (excluding $47 million budgeted on capital waste mining which is expensed). |
| Gold Fields spent approximately $63 million on capital expenditures at Agnew in fiscal 2011 (excluding $11 million spent on capital waste mining, which is expensed) and has budgeted $72 million for capital expenditures at Agnew for fiscal 2012 (with nil budgeted for capital waste mining). |
Peruvian Operations
| Gold Fields spent approximately $69 million on capital expenditures at Cerro Corona in fiscal 2011 and has budgeted $89 million for capital expenditures at Cerro Corona for fiscal 2012. |
Exploration
| Gold Fields spent approximately $85 million on near mine exploration and $121 million on greenfields exploration in fiscal 2011. In fiscal 2012, Gold Fields plans to spend about $68 million on near mine exploration, and about $110 million on greenfields exploration (not including exploration spending in relation to the FSE deposit), the latter largely in the three targeted international regions. |
Growth Projects
| Gold Fields spent approximately $99 million on growth projects during fiscal 2011 and expects to spend approximately $324 million on growth projects during fiscal 2012 (including Chucapaca on a 100% basis). |
The actual expenditures for the future periods noted above may be different from the amounts set out above and the amount of actual capital expenditure will depend on a number of factors, such as production volumes, the price of gold, copper and other minerals mined by Gold Fields and general economic conditions. Some of the factors are outside of the control of Gold Fields. Please see Risk Factors and Information on the Company for further information.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Gold Fields significant accounting policies are more fully described in note 2 to its audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report. Some of Gold Fields accounting policies require the application of significant judgments and estimates by management that can affect the amounts reported in the financial statements. By their nature, these judgments are subject to a degree of uncertainty and are based on Gold Fields historical experience, terms of existing contracts, managements view on trends in the gold mining industry, information from outside sources and other assumptions that Gold Fields considers to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Gold Fields significant accounting policies that are subject to significant judgments, estimates and assumptions are summarized below.
150
Business combinations
Management accounts for its business acquisitions under the purchase method of accounting. The total value of the consideration paid for acquisitions is allocated to the underlying net assets acquired, based on their respective estimated fair values determined by using internal or external valuations. Management uses a number of valuation methods to determine the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired including discounted cash flows, external market values, valuations on recent transactions or a combination thereof and believes that it uses the most appropriate measure or a combination of measures to value each asset or liability.
In addition, management believes that it uses the most appropriate valuation assumptions underlying each of those valuation methods based on current information available including discount rates, market risk rates, entity risk rates and cash flow assumptions. The accounting policy for valuation of business acquisitions is considered critical because judgments made in determining the estimated fair value and expected useful lives assigned to each class of assets and liabilities acquired can significantly impact the value of the asset or liability, including the impact on deferred taxes, the respective amortization periods and ultimately net profit. Therefore the use of other valuation methods, as well as other assumptions underlying these valuation methods, could significantly impact the determination of financial position and the results of operations.
Depreciation, depletion and amortization of mining assets
Depreciation, depletion and amortization charges are calculated using the units-of-production method and are based on Gold Fields current gold production as a percentage of total expected gold production over the lives of Gold Fields mines. An item is considered to be produced at the time it is removed from the mine. The lives of the mines are estimated by Gold Fields mineral resources department using interpretations of mineral reserves, as determined in accordance with the SECs industry guide number 7.
Depreciation, depletion and amortization at Gold Fields South African operations are calculated using above-infrastructure proven and probable reserves only, which because of their reserve base and respective long lives (which range from 5 to 69 years), are less sensitive to changes in reserve assumptions. Accordingly, at these locations, it is Gold Fields policy to update its depreciation, depletion and amortization calculations only once the new ore reserve declarations have been approved by Gold Fields Board. However, if Gold Fields management becomes aware of significant changes in its above-infrastructure reserves ahead of the scheduled updates, management would not hesitate to immediately update its depreciation, depletion and amortization calculations and then subsequently notify the Board.
A similar approach is followed at Gold Fields operations in Ghana and Peru, due to the longer life of the primary ore body. At Gold Fields Australian operations, where mine-life ranges from 4 to 5 years, proven and probable reserves used for the calculation of depreciation, depletion and amortization are more susceptible to changes in reserve estimates. At these locations, Gold Fields depreciation, depletion and amortization calculations are updated on a more regular basis (at least quarterly) for all known changes in proven and probable reserves. The nature of the ore body, and the on-going information being gathered in connection with the ore body, facilitates these updates.
The estimates of the total expected future lives of Gold Fields mines could be different from the actual amount of gold mined in the future and the actual lives of the mines due to changes in the factors used in determining Gold Fields mineral reserves. Changes in managements estimates of the total expected future lives of Gold Fields mines would therefore impact the depreciation, depletion and amortization charge recorded in Gold Fields consolidated financial statements. Changes due to acquisitions, sales or closures of shafts expected to have a material impact on Gold Fields depreciation, depletion and amortization calculations, are incorporated in those calculations as soon as they become known.
151
Impairment of long-lived assets
Gold Fields reviews and tests the carrying amounts of assets when events or changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Assets are grouped at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities.
Under U.S. GAAP, the impairment model for long-lived assets consists of two steps. The impairment analysis first compares the total estimated cash flows on an undiscounted basis to the carrying amount of the asset including goodwill, if any. If the undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset, a second step is performed. The Group records an impairment as a charge to earnings if discounted expected future cash flows are less than the carrying amount.
The lowest level at which such cash flows are generated are generally at an individual operating mine, even if the individual operating mine is included in a larger mine complex.
If there are indications that an impairment may have occurred, Gold Fields prepares estimates of expected future cash flows for each group of assets. Expected future cash flows reflect:
| estimated sales proceeds from the production and sale of recoverable gold and copper contained in proven and probable reserves; |
| expected future commodity prices and currency exchange rates (considering historical averages, current prices, forward pricing curves and related factors). In impairment assessments conducted in fiscal 2011, the Group used an expected future market gold price of $1,700 per ounce, and expected future market exchange rates of R7.32 to $1.00 and A$1.00 for fiscal 2012, an expected future market gold price of $1,600 per ounce, and expected future market exchange rates of R7.48 to $1.00 and A$1.00 for fiscal 2013 and an expected future market gold price of $1,500 per ounce, and expected future market exchange rates of R7.78 to $1.00 and A$0.94 thereafter. The Group used an expected future market copper price of $8,900 per ton for fiscal 2012, $8,550 per ton for fiscal 2013, $8,200 per ton for fiscal 2014 and $8,250 per ton thereafter; |
| expected future operating costs and capital expenditures to produce proven and probable gold reserves based on mine plans that assume current plant capacity, but exclude the impact of inflation; and |
| expected cash flows associated with value beyond proven and probable reserves. |
Gold Fields records a reduction of a group of assets to fair value as a charge to earnings if expected future cash flows are less than the carrying amount. The process of determining fair value is subjective as gold mining companies typically trade at a market capitalization that is based on a multiple of net asset value and requires management to make numerous assumptions. Gold Fields estimates fair value by discounting the expected future cash flows using a discount factor that reflects a market-related rate of interest for a term consistent with the period of expected cash flows.
Expected future cash flows are inherently uncertain, and could materially change over time. They are significantly affected by reserve estimates, together with economic factors such as gold prices and currency exchange rates, estimates of costs to produce reserves and future sustaining capital.
Because of the significant capital investment that is required at many mines, if an impairment occurs, it could materially impact earnings. Due to the long-life nature of many mines, the difference between total estimated discounted net cash flows and carrying value can be substantial. An impairment is only recorded when the carrying amount of a long-lived asset exceeds the total estimated discounted net cash flows. Therefore, although the value of a mine may decline gradually over multiple reporting periods, the application of impairment accounting rules could lead to recognition of the full amount of the decline in value in one period. Due to the highly uncertain nature of future cash flows, the determination of when to record an impairment charge can be very subjective. Management makes this determination using available evidence taking into account current expectations for each mining property.
152
For acquired exploration-stage properties, the purchase price is capitalized, but post-acquisition exploration expenditures are expensed. The future economic viability of exploration-stage properties largely depends upon the outcome of exploration activity, which can take a number of years to complete for large properties. Management monitors the results of exploration activity over time to assess whether an impairment may have occurred. The measurement of any impairment is made more difficult because there is not an active market for exploration properties, and because it is not possible to use discounted cash flow techniques due to the very limited information that is available to accurately model future cash flows.
In general, if an impairment occurs at an exploration stage property, it would probably have minimal value and most of the acquisition cost may have to be written down.
Gold Fields recorded no impairment charges on its long-lived assets during the six month ended December 31, 2010, fiscal 2010 or fiscal 2009 but recorded impairment charges amounting to $9.5 million in fiscal 2011.
Impairment of goodwill
Gold Fields acquired the South Deep mine on December 1, 2006. Goodwill related to this acquisition is reflected in the balance sheet in the U.S. dollar reporting currency at $1,075.4 million. Gold Fields performs its annual impairment test of goodwill related to the South Deep mine at the end of each fiscal period.
Under U.S. GAAP, the goodwill impairment test consists of two steps. The first step, which compares the reporting units fair value to its carrying amount, is used as a screening process to identify potential goodwill impairment. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds the reporting units fair value, the second step of the impairment test must be completed to measure the amount of the reporting units goodwill impairment loss, if any. During this step, the reporting units fair value is assigned to the reporting units assets and liabilities, using the initial acquisition accounting guidance in ACS 805, in order to determine the implied fair value of the reporting units goodwill. The implied fair value of the reporting units goodwill is then compared with the carrying amount of the reporting units goodwill to determine the goodwill impairment loss to be recognized, if any.
The fair value represents a discounted cash flow valuation based on expected future cash flows. The expected future cash flows used to determine the fair value of the reporting unit are inherently uncertain and could materially change over time. They are significantly affected by a number of factors including, but not limited to, reserves and production estimates, together with economic factors such as the spot gold price and foreign currency exchange rates, estimates of production costs, future capital expenditure and discount rates. Therefore it is possible that outcomes within the next financial year that are materially different from the assumptions used in the impairment testing process could require an adjustment to the carrying values.
Managements estimates and assumptions to estimate the fair value of the South Deep reporting unit include:
| estimated sales proceeds from the production and sale of recoverable ounces of gold contained in proven and probable reserves; |
| expected future commodity prices and currency exchange rates (considering historical averages, current prices, forward pricing curves and related factors). In impairment assessments conducted in fiscal 2011, the Group used an expected future market gold price of $1,700 per ounce, and expected future market exchange rates of R7.32 to $1.00 for fiscal 2012, an expected future market gold price of $1,600 per ounce, and expected future market exchange rates of R7.48 to $1.00 for fiscal 2013 and an expected future market gold price of $1,500 per ounce, and expected future market exchange rates of R7.78 to $1.00 thereafter; |
153
| expected future operating costs and capital expenditures to produce proven and probable gold reserves based on mine plans that assume current plant capacity, but exclude the impact of inflation; and |
| expected cash flows associated with value beyond proven and probable reserves. |
Gold Fields has determined that the fair value of the South Deep mine is in excess of its carrying value of $3,365.5 million and the goodwill related to the South Deep mine was therefore not considered impaired under U.S. GAAP.
Deferred taxation
Management establishes a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets where cumulative losses require a valuation allowance or where management believes that they will not be realized based on projections. These determinations are based on the projected taxable income and realization of tax allowances, tax losses and unredeemed capital expenditure. In the event that these tax assets are not realized, an adjustment to the valuation allowance would be required, which would be charged to income in the period that the determination was made. Likewise, should management determine that Gold Fields would be able to realize tax assets in the future in excess of the recorded amount, an adjustment to reduce the valuation allowance would be recorded generally as a credit to income in the period that the determination is made.
Gold Fields is periodically required to estimate the tax basis of assets and liabilities. Where tax laws and regulations are either unclear or subject to varying interpretations, it is possible that changes in these estimates could occur that materially affect the amounts of deferred income tax assets and liabilities recorded in the consolidated financial statements. Changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities generally have a direct impact on earnings in the period of changes. See note 5 to the audited consolidated financial statements which appear elsewhere in this annual report.
Gold Fields recognizes the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such positions are then measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon settlement. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs.
Derivative financial instruments
The determination of the fair value of derivative financial instruments, when marked-to-market, takes into account estimates such as interest rates, commodity prices and foreign currency exchange rates under prevailing market conditions, depending on the nature of the financial derivatives.
These estimates may differ materially from actual interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates prevailing at the maturity dates of the financial derivatives and, therefore, may materially influence the values assigned to the financial derivatives, which may result in a charge to or an increase in Gold Fields earnings through maturity of the financial derivatives.
Environmental rehabilitation costs
Gold Fields makes provision for environmental rehabilitation costs and related liabilities when environmental disturbances occur based on managements interpretations of current environmental and regulatory requirements. The provisions are recorded by discounting the expected cash flows associated with the environmental rehabilitation using a discount factor that reflects a credit-adjusted risk-free rate of interest. The principal factors that can cause expected cash flows to change are: the construction of new processing facilities; changes in the quantities of material in reserves and a corresponding change in the life of mine plan; changing ore characteristics that ultimately impact the environment; changes in water quality that impact the extent of
154
water treatment required; and changes in laws and regulations governing the protection of the environment. In general, as the end of the mine life becomes nearer, the reliability of expected cash flows increases, but earlier in the mine life, the estimation of rehabilitation liabilities is inherently more subjective. Significant judgments and estimates are made when estimating the fair value of rehabilitation liabilities. In addition, expected cash flows relating to rehabilitation liabilities could occur over periods up to the planned life of mine at the time the estimate is made and the assessment of the extent of environmental remediation work is highly subjective.
While management believes that the environmental rehabilitation provisions made are adequate and that the interpretations applied are appropriate, the amounts estimated for the future liabilities may, when considering the factors discussed above, differ materially from the costs that will actually be incurred to rehabilitate Gold Fields mine sites in the future.
Employee benefits
Managements determination of Gold Fields obligation and expense for post-retirement healthcare liabilities, depends on the selection of certain assumptions used by actuaries to calculate the amounts. These assumptions are described in note 15 to Gold Fields consolidated financial statements and include, among others, the discount rate, healthcare inflation costs and rates of increase in compensation costs. Actual results that differ from managements assumptions are accumulated and charged over future periods, which will generally affect Gold Fields recognized expense and recorded obligation in future periods. While management believes that these assumptions are appropriate, significant changes in the assumptions may materially affect Gold Fields post-retirement obligations as well as future expenses, which will result in an impact on earnings in the periods that the changes in the assumptions occur.
Stockpiles, gold-in-process and product inventories
Costs that are incurred in or benefit the production process are accumulated as stockpiles, gold-in-process, ore on leach pads and product inventories. Net realizable value tests are performed at least annually and represent the estimated future sales price of the product based on prevailing and long-term metals prices, less estimated costs to complete production and bring the product to sale.
Stockpiles are measured by estimating the number of tons added and removed from the stockpile, the number of contained gold ounces based on assay data, and the estimated recovery percentage based on the expected processing method. Stockpile tonnages are verified by periodic surveys.
Although the quantities of recoverable metal are reconciled by comparing the grades of ore to the quantities of gold actually recovered (metallurgical balancing), the nature of the process inherently limits the ability to precisely monitor recoverability levels. As a result, the metallurgical balancing process is constantly monitored and the engineering estimates are refined based on actual results over time.
Concentrate inventories represent concentrate available for shipment. The concentrate inventory is valued at the average cost, including an allocated portion of amortization. Costs are added to and removed from the concentrate inventory based on tons of concentrate and are valued at the lower of average cost and net realizable value. Managements determination of the percentage gold and copper content and the total quantity by weight of gold and copper in the concentrate depends on assay and laboratory results for the content and survey for the quantity.
Share-based compensation
U.S. GAAP requires Gold Fields to determine the fair value of shares and share options as of the date of the grant, which is then amortized as share-based compensation expense in the income statement over the vesting period of the option grant. Gold Fields determines the grant-date fair value of shares and options using a
155
Black-Scholes or Monte Carlo simulation valuation model, which require Gold Fields to make assumptions regarding the estimated term of the option, share price volatility, expected forfeiture rates and Gold Fields expected dividend yield.
While Gold Fields management believes that these assumptions are appropriate, the use of different assumptions could have a material impact on the fair value of the option grant and the related recognition of share-based compensation expense in the consolidated income statement. Gold Fields options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options and therefore fair values may also differ.
Recently adopted accounting pronouncements
Revenue recognition
In October 2009, the Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC guidance, related to revenue recognition: multiple-deliverable revenue arrangements was updated. The update specifies multipledeliverable revenue arrangements will be separated in more circumstances than under existing U.S. GAAP requirements. It establishes a selling price hierarchy and requires significant expansion of disclosures relating to multiple-deliverable revenue arrangements. The amendments in this update are effective prospectively for revenue arrangements entered into or modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
In April 2010, the ASC guidance related to revenue recognition: milestone method of revenue recognition was updated. The amendments provide guidance on the criteria that should be met for determining whether the milestone method of revenue recognition is appropriate. The amendments are effective on a prospective basis for milestones achieved in fiscal years, and interim periods within those years beginning on or after June 15, 2010. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
Fair value measurements
In January 2010, the ASC guidance related to fair value measurement: improving disclosures about fair value measurements was updated, providing amendments to the guidance which requires entities to disclose separately the amounts of significant transfers in and out of Level 1 (unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical unrestricted assets or liabilities) and Level 2 (Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly for substantially the full term of the asset or liability) fair value measurements and describe the reasons for the transfers. In addition, entities are required to present separately information about purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements in the reconciliation for fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). The disclosures related to Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009. The disclosures related to Level 3 fair value measurements are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2010. Except for presentation changes, the updated guidance did not have an impact on the Groups financial statements.
Derivatives and hedging
During March 2010, the ASC guidance related to derivatives and hedging: scope exception related to embedded credit derivatives was updated. The amendments clarify the scope exceptions related to embedded credit derivatives. The amendments are effective from the first fiscal quarter beginning after June 15, 2010. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
Compensationstock compensation
During April 2010, the ASC guidance related to compensation - stock compensation: effect of denominating the exercise price of a share-based payment awarded in the currency of the market in which the underlying equity
156
security trades was updated. The update clarifies that an employee share-based payment award with an exercise price denominated in the currency of a market in which a substantial portion of the entitys equity securities trades should not be considered to contain a condition that is not a market, performance, or service condition. Therefore, an entity would not classify such an award as a liability if it otherwise qualifies as equity. The amendments are effective for those fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2010. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
Financial servicesinsurance
During April 2010, the ASC guidance related to financial services insurance: how investments held through separate accounts affect an insurers consolidation analysis of those investments was updated. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements. The amendments are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2010.
Receivables
During April 2010, the ASC guidance related to receivables: effect of a loan modification when the loan is part of a pool that is accounted for as single asset was updated. The amendment clarifies that modifications of loans that are accounted for within a pool do not result in the removal of those loans from the pool even if the modification of those loans would otherwise be considered a troubled debt restructuring. An entity will continue to be required to consider whether the pool of assets in which the loan is included is impaired if expected cash flows for the pool change. The amendments are effective for modifications of loans accounted for within pools under Subtopic 310-30 occurring in the first interim an annual period ending July 15, 2010. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
In July 2010, the ASC guidance related to receivables: disclosures about the credit quality of financing receivables and the allowance for credit losses was updated. The update requires disclosure of additional information to assist financial statement users understand more clearly an entitys credit risk exposures to finance receivables and the related allowance for credit losses. For public entities, the disclosures as of the end of a reporting period are effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending on or after December 15, 2010. The disclosures about activity that occurs during a reporting period are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning on or after December 15, 2010. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
Defined contribution pension plans
During September 2010, the ASC guidance related to plan accounting - defined contribution pension plans: reporting loans to participants by defined contribution pension plans (a consensus of the FASB emerging issues task force) relating to reporting loans to participants by defined contribution pension plans was updated. The amendments require that participant loans be classified as notes receivable from participants, which are segregated from plan investments and measured at their unpaid principal balance plus any accrued but unpaid interest. The amendments are applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented, effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2010. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
Intangiblesgoodwill and other
In December 2010, the ASC guidance related to intangibles - goodwill and other: when to perform step 2 of the goodwill impairment test for reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts relating to goodwill testing was updated. The update modifies Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test for reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts. For those reporting units, an entity is required to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test if it is more likely than not that a goodwill impairment exists. In determining whether it is more likely than not that goodwill impairment exists, an entity should consider whether there are any adverse
157
qualitative factors indicating that an impairment may exist. For public entities, the update is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2010. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
Business combinations
In December 2010, the ASC guidance related to business combinations: disclosure of supplementary pro forma information for business combinations relating to business combinations was updated. The update specifies that if a public entity presents comparative financial statements, the entity should disclose revenue and earnings of the combined entity as though the business combination(s) that occurred during the current year had occurred as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period only. The update also expands the supplemental pro forma disclosures to include a description of the nature and amount of material, nonrecurring pro forma adjustments directly attributable to the business combination included in the reported pro forma revenue and earnings. The amendments are effective prospectively for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2010. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted
Receivables
During January 2011, the ASC guidance related to receivables: deferral of the effective date of disclosures about troubled debt restructurings on update 2010-20 was updated. The update temporarily delays the effective date of the disclosures about troubled debt restructurings in Update 2010-20 for public entities. The delay is intended to allow the Board time to complete its deliberations on what constitutes a troubled debt restructuring. The effective date of the new disclosures about troubled debt restructurings for public entities and the guidance for determining what constitutes a troubled debt restructuring will then be coordinated. Currently, that guidance is anticipated to be effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2011.
During April 2011, the ASC guidance related to receivables: a creditors determination of whether a restructuring is a troubled debt restructuring was updated. The amendments clarify the guidance on a creditors evaluation of whether restructuring constitutes a concession and whether the debtor is experiencing financial difficulties. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements. The amendments are effective for the first interim or annual period beginning on or after June 15, 2011.
Fair value measurement
During May 2011, the ASC guidance related to fair value measurement: amendments to achieve common fair value measurement and disclosure requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRS was issued. The new standards do not extend the use of fair value but, rather, provide guidance about how fair value should be applied where it already is required or permitted under IFRS or U.S. GAAP. For U.S. GAAP, most of the changes are clarifications of existing guidance or wording changes to align with IFRS. The Group expects that the adoption of ASU 2011-04 in 2012 will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011 and should be applied prospectively.
Comprehensive income
During June 2011, the ASC guidance related to comprehensive income: presentation of comprehensive income was updated. The amendments provide an entity with the option to present the components of net income and comprehensive income in either one or two consecutive financial statements. The amendments eliminate the option in U.S. GAAP to present other comprehensive income in the statement of changes in equity. An entity should apply the ASU retrospectively. In December 2011, the FASB decided to defer the effective date of those changes in ASU 2011-05 that relate only to the presentation of reclassification adjustments in the statement of
158
income by issuing ASU 2011-12, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive income in Accounting Standards Update 2011-05. The Group plans to implement the provisions of ASU 2011-05 by presenting a separate statement of other comprehensive income following the statement of income in 2012.
Intangibles: Goodwill and other
During September 2011, the ASC guidance related to intangibles: goodwill and other: testing goodwill for impairment was updated. The amendments permit an entity to make a qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that a reporting units fair value is less than its carrying amount before applying the two-step goodwill impairment test. If an entity concludes it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, it need not perform the two-step impairment test. The amendments are effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. The Group will implement the provisions of ASU 2011-08 as of January 1, 2012.
Balance sheet
During December 2011, the ASC guidance related to balance sheet: disclosures about offsetting assets and liabilities was updated. The amendments require an entity to disclose information about offsetting and related arrangements to enable users of financial statements to understand the effect of those arrangements on its financial position, and to allow investors to better compare financial statements prepared under U.S. GAAP with financial statements prepared under IFRS. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning January 1, 2013, and interim periods within those annual periods. Retrospective application is required. The Group will implement the provisions of ASU 2011-11 as of January 1, 2013.
Results of Operations
Years Ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010
Revenues
Product sales increased by $1,635.8 million, or 39.3%, from $4,164.3 million in fiscal 2010 to $5,800.1 million in fiscal 2011. The increase in product sales was primarily due to an increase in the average realized gold price of 44.6% from $1,085 per ounce in fiscal 2010 to $1,569 per ounce in fiscal 2011 and an increase in the average realized copper price of 30.1% from $6,273 per ton to $8,160 per ton, coupled with a decrease of approximately 0.14 million equivalent ounces, or 3.6%, in total equivalent gold sold, from 3.837 million ounces in fiscal 2010 to 3.697 million ounces in fiscal 2011.
At the Cerro Corona operation in Peru copper production was converted to equivalent gold ounces on a monthly basis using average copper and gold prices for the month in which the copper was produced.
At the South African operations, gold sales decreased from 1.93 million ounces in fiscal 2010 to 1.72 million ounces in fiscal 2011, primarily as a result of safety related stoppages and wage related industrial action. At KDC, gold sales decreased by 13.9% to 1.10 million ounces due to wage related industrial action and safety related stoppages, resulting in lower underground mining volumes at lower grades. At Beatrix, gold sales decreased from 0.39 million ounces to 0.35 million ounces mainly due to lower mining grade in the North section, lower volumes mined and lower mine call factor. At South Deep, gold sales increased from 0.26 million ounces in fiscal 2010 to 0.27 million ounces for fiscal 2011, through an increase in long hole stoping and benching, despite wage-related industrial action. The 38.5% increase in volumes mined was partly offset by a 19.0% decrease in underground yield from 6.3 grams per ton to 5.1 grams per ton, mainly due to lower production from the higher grade 95 3 West area and increased infrastructure development, which cuts through the lower grade reefs in the current mine area, required for access to additional de-stress mining projects.
159
At the West African operations, total gold sales remained relatively flat at 0.94 million ounces in fiscal 2011 compared to 0.93 million ounces in fiscal 2010. This was mainly due to Tarkwa remaining flat at 0.72 million ounces in fiscal 2011. Damangs gold sales increased by 5.0% from 0.21 million ounces to 0.22 million ounces due to the commissioning of the secondary crusher in the last quarter of fiscal 2010 which allowed more higher grade fresh ore to be treated.
At the South American operation of Cerro Corona in Peru, total gold equivalent sales decreased from 0.39 million gold equivalent ounces in fiscal 2010 to 0.38 million gold equivalent ounces in fiscal 2011, mainly due to lower copper prices relative to gold prices used to calculate equivalent production.
At the Australasian operations, total gold sales increased from 0.59 million ounces in fiscal 2010 to 0.66 million ounces in fiscal 2011. At St. Ives, gold sales increased by 10.5% from 0.42 million ounces to 0.47 million ounces due to increased ore mined at Athena underground and the Diana, Formidable and Mars/Minotaur link, partially offset by the closure of Belleisle in May 2011. At Agnew, gold sales increased by 17.6% from 0.17 million ounces in fiscal 2010 to 0.19 million ounces fiscal 2011 due to improved performance at the Waroonga underground mine and additional ore mined at Songvang.
Costs and Expenses
The following table sets out Gold Fields total ounces sold and weighted average total cash costs and total production costs per ounce for fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2011.
Fiscal 2010 | Fiscal 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold sold | Total
cash costs(1) |
Total production costs(2) |
Gold sold | Total
cash costs(1) |
Total production costs(2) |
Percentage increase/ (decrease) in unit total cash costs |
Percentage increase/ (decrease) in unit total production costs |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
(000 oz) | ($/oz) | ($/oz) |
(000 oz) |
($/oz) |
($/oz) | (%) | (%) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa |
1,933 | 741 | 915 | 1,720 | 982 | 1,215 | 33 | 33 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDC |
| | | 1,100 | 963 | 1,190 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein |
710 | 691 | 816 | | | | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kloof |
567 | 769 | 968 | | | | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beatrix |
392 | 741 | 929 | 347 | 969 | 1,182 | 31 | 27 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Deep |
264 | 816 | 1,043 | 273 | 1,073 | 1,357 | 31 | 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ghana |
928 | 645 | 721 | 935 | 712 | 787 | 10 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tarkwa(3) |
721 | 652 | 740 | 717 | 668 | 746 | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Damang(4) |
207 | 621 | 653 | 218 | 855 | 924 | 38 | 42 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Peru |
390 | 348 | 504 | 383 | 447 | 624 | 28 | 24 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cerro Corona(5) |
390 | 348 | 504 | 383 | 447 | 624 | 28 | 24 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Australia(6) |
586 | 692 | 953 | 659 | 849 | 1,145 | 23 | 20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
St. Ives |
421 | 755 | 1,070 | 465 | 882 | 1,238 | 17 | 22 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Agnew |
165 | 531 | 656 | 194 | 769 | 921 | 45 | 16 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total(7)(8) |
3,837 | | | 3,697 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average |
| 670 | 837 | | 835 | 1,039 | 25 | 24 |
Notes:
(1) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total cash costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 3. |
(2) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total production costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 4. |
(3) | In fiscal 2010 and 2011, 0.513 million ounces and 0.576 million ounces of sales, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Tarkwa operation. |
160
(4) | In fiscal 2010 and 2011, 0.147 million ounces and 0.175 million ounces of sales, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Damang operation. |
(5) | In fiscal 2010 and 2011, 0.315 million ounces and 0.356 million ounces of sales were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Cerro Corona operation. |
(6) | The consideration paid for the Australian operations in excess of the book value of the underlying net assets was allocated pro rata to the value of the underlying assets, which affected the allocation of amortization between St. Ives and Agnew. |
(7) | In fiscal 2010 and 2011, 3.494 million ounces and 3.485 million ounces of sales, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Ghana and Peru operations. |
(8) | The total may not reflect the sum of the line items due to rounding. |
The following tables set out a reconciliation of Gold Fields production costs to its total cash costs and total production costs for fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010.
For the year ended December 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDC | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives | Agnew | Cerro Corona |
Corporate | Group(6) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in $ million except as otherwise stated)(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Costs |
1,011.8 | 329.3 | 293.9 | 445.9 | 172.1 | 398.7 | 144.9 | 155.6 | (3.7 | ) | 2,948.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
G&A other than corporate costs |
(14.6 | ) | (2.9 | ) | (3.1 | ) | (29.8 | ) | (2.9 | ) | (8.0 | ) | (5.0 | ) | 2.5 | 3.7 | (60.1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
GIP adjustment(2) |
| | | 12.0 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 1.4 | (1.7 | ) | | 13.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plus: Employee termination costs |
27.0 | 4.9 | 0.1 | | | | | | 0.8 | 32.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royalties |
35.5 | 4.6 | 2.1 | 51.0 | 15.5 | 18.4 | 7.9 | 14.7 | | 149.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs(6) |
1,059.7 | 335.9 | 293.0 | 479.2 | 186.1 | 409.9 | 149.3 | 171.1 | 0.8 | 3,084.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plus: Amortization(2) |
238.9 | 71.1 | 76.6 | 53.9 | 14.8 | 161.1 | 27.2 | 66.1 | 20.5 | 730.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rehabilitation |
10.8 | 2.9 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 0.3 | 4.2 | 2.3 | 1.7 | | 24.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs(6) |
1,309.3 | 409.9 | 370.6 | 534.8 | 201.2 | 575.1 | 178.8 | 238.9 | 21.2 | 3,839.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold produced (000 oz)(3) |
1,100.1 | 346.8 | 273.0 | 717.3 | 217.7 | 464.5 | 194.0 | 383.1 | | 3,696.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Gold sold (000 oz) |
1,100.1 | 346.8 | 273.0 | 717.3 | 217.7 | 464.5 | 194.0 | 383.0 | | 3,696.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs ($/oz)(4) |
963 | 969 | 1,073 | 668 | 855 | 882 | 769 | 447 | | 835 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs ($/oz)(5) |
1,190 | 1,182 | 1,357 | 746 | 924 | 1,238 | 921 | 624 | | 1,039 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes:
(1) | Calculated using an exchange rate of R7.22 per $1.00. |
(2) | The GIP adjustment excludes the non-cash portion of GIP which is included in amortization. GIP represents gold in the processing circuit, which is expected to be recovered. |
(3) | For the year ended December 2011, 3.485 million ounces of production were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Ghana and Cerro Corona operations. |
(4) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total cash costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 3. |
(5) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total production costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 4. |
(6) | The total may not reflect the sum of the line items due to rounding. |
161
For the year ended June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives | Agnew | Cerro Corona |
Corporate | Group(6) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in $ million except as otherwise stated)(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Costs |
487.5 | 435.6 | 289.8 | 216.5 | 452.9 | 122.9 | 320.4 | 92.4 | 126.0 | | 2,544.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
G&A other than corporate costs |
5.5 | 4.6 | 2.9 | 1.6 | 18.3 | 2.4 | 6.1 | 2.9 | 1.4 | | 45.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GIP adjustment(2) |
| | | | (6.4 | ) | | (4.1 | ) | 0.2 | (0.6 | ) | | (10.9 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exploration |
| | | | | | 12.0 | 6.3 | | | 18.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plus: Employee termination costs |
2.6 | 3.4 | 2.7 | 0.7 | | | | 0.3 | | 0.6 | 10.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royalties |
5.8 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 29.0 | 8.2 | 11.6 | 4.4 | 10.3 | | 71.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs(6) |
490.4 | 435.5 | 290.3 | 216.1 | 470.0 | 128.7 | 318.0 | 87.7 | 135.5 | 0.6 | 2,572.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plus: Amortization(2) |
84.0 | 109.7 | 71.2 | 59.5 | 62.1 | 6.5 | 129.3 | 19.1 | 59.7 | 19.2 | 620.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rehabilitation |
4.7 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 0.3 | 3.3 | 1.6 | 1.5 | | 19.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs(6) |
579.1 | 548.4 | 364.0 | 276.3 | 533.6 | 135.5 | 450.6 | 108.4 | 196.7 | 19.8 | 3,212.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold produced (000 oz)(3) |
709.8 | 566.5 | 391.9 | 264.8 | 720.7 | 207.4 | 421.1 | 165.2 | 393.6 | | 3,841.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold sold (000 oz) |
709.8 | 566.5 | 391.9 | 264.8 | 720.7 | 207.4 | 421.1 | 165.2 | 389.9 | | 3,837.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs ($/oz)(4) |
691 | 769 | 741 | 816 | 652 | 621 | 755 | 531 | 348 | | 670 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs ($/oz)(5) |
816 | 968 | 929 | 1,043 | 740 | 653 | 1,070 | 656 | 504 | | 837 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes:
(1) | Calculated using an exchange rate of R7.58 per $1.00. |
(2) | The GIP adjustment excludes the non-cash portion of GIP which is included in amortization. GIP represents gold in the processing circuit, which is expected to be recovered. |
(3) | In fiscal 2010, 3.497 million ounces of production were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Ghana and Cerro Corona operations. |
(4) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total cash costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 3. |
(5) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total production costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 4. |
(6) | The total may not reflect the sum of the line items due to rounding |
Gold Fields weighted average total cash costs per ounce increased by $165 per ounce, or 24.6%, from $670 per ounce in fiscal 2010 to $835 per ounce in fiscal 2011.
The weighted average total cash costs at the South African operations increased by $241 per ounce, or 32.5%, from $741 per ounce in fiscal 2010 to $982 per ounce in fiscal 2011. This increase was as a result of the increase in electricity tariffs, inflationary increases, wage increases, the 4.7% strengthening of the Rand against the U.S. dollar and lower production.
The weighted average total cash costs at the West African operations increased by $67 per ounce, or 10.4%, from $645 per ounce in fiscal 2010 to $712 per ounce in fiscal 2011. This increase was as a result of the increase in electricity tariffs and fuel prices.
162
The weighted average total cash costs per ounce at the South American operation increased by $99 per ounce, or 28.4%, from $348 per ounce in fiscal 2010 to $447 per ounce in fiscal 2011. This increase was due to the decrease in gold equivalent ounces sold and the increase in statutory workers participation as a result of increased profits.
The weighted average total cash costs per ounce at the Australasian operations increased by $157 per ounce, or 22.7%, from $692 per ounce in fiscal 2010 to $849 per ounce in fiscal 2011. This increase was due to inflationary increases, wage increases, increases in fuel prices and contractor costs at St. Ives and the increase in more expensive ounces mined from Songvang at Agnew. This was partially offset by increased production at both St. Ives and Agnew.
Production costs
Production costs increased by $404.6 million, or 15.9%, from $2,544.0 million in fiscal 2010 to $2,948.6 million in fiscal 2011.
This increase was due to the 4.7% strengthening of the South African Rand against the U.S. dollar, inflationary increases, annual wage increases, increases in electricity tariffs in South Africa and Ghana, increases in fuel prices in Ghana and Australia, an increase in production in Australia and the increase in statutory workers participation in Cerro Corona as a result of increase in profits.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization charges increased by $114.2 million, or 18.1%, from $631.1 million in fiscal 2010 to $745.3 million in fiscal 2011. Depreciation and amortization is calculated on the units-of-production method and is based on current gold production as a percentage of total expected gold production over the lives of the different mines. In South Africa the increase was due to the stronger Rand, the increase in short life ore reserve development which is amortized over a shorter period at KDC and the capital build-up at South Deep. The increase in Ghana was mainly at Tarkwa due to the increase in production and additional amortization on the CIL expansion and the high pressure grinding rolls (HPGR). In Australia the increase was mainly due to the increase in production at St. Ives where amortization rates on the Formidable pit, Mars Minotaur Link and Diana pit is much higher than that of the previously mined Leviathan pit.
163
The table below depicts the changes from June 30, 2010 to December 31, 2011 for proven and probable reserves above current infrastructure and for the life of mine for each operation and the resulting impact on the amortization charge in fiscal 2010 and 2011, respectively. The life of mine information is based on the operations strategic plans, adjusted for proven and probable reserve balances. In basic terms, amortization is calculated using the life of mine for each operation, which is based on: (1) the proven and probable reserves above infrastructure for the operation at the start of the relevant year (which are taken to be the same as at the end of the prior fiscal year and using only above infrastructure reserves); and (2) the amount of gold produced by the operation during the year. The ore reserve statement as at December 31, 2011 became effective on January 1, 2012.
Proven and probable reserves as of |
Life of mine(1) | Amortization for the year ended |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
June 30, 2010 |
Dec 31, 2010 |
Dec 31, 2011 |
Dec 31, 2010 |
Dec 31, 2011 |
June 30, 2010 |
Dec 31, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
(000 oz) | (years) | (S million) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South African Region |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDC |
17,600 | 16,500 | 16,600 | 19 | 17 | 193.8 | 238.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Beatrix |
5,400 | 5,500 | 5,000 | 13 | 15 | 71.2 | 71.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
South Deep |
16,900 | 28,800 | 30,000 | 54 | 69 | 59.5 | 76.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
West African Region |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tarkwa(2) |
9,900 | 9,300 | 10,300 | 14.5 | 13 | 68.4 | 79.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Damang(3) |
2,100 | 2,000 | 3,400 | 9.5 | 14 | 6.6 | 13.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
South American Region |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cerro Corona(4) |
2,700 | 2,700 | 6,100 | 16 | 17 | 60.3 | 64.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Australasian Region(5) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
St. Ives |
2,300 | 2,800 | 2,800 | 5 | 7 | 136.8 | 155.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Agnew |
1,200 | 1,300 | 1,300 | 6 | 8 | 15.5 | 25.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate and other |
| | | | | 19.0 | 20.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total |
58,100 | 68,900 | 75,500 | | | 631.1 | 745.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Reserves below infrastructure(6) |
21,300 | 9,500 | 9,600 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Total reserves(7) |
79,400 | 78,400 | 85,100 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes:
(1) | The life of mine for each operation shown in the above table differs from that shown in Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining Operations. The life of mine in the above table is based on the above infrastructure proven and probable reserves, whereas the life of mine information in Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining Operations is based on both above and below infrastructure proven and probable reserves. |
(2) | As of June 30, 2010, December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2011 reserves of 7.038 million ounces, 6.576 million ounces and 9.310 million ounces of gold, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Tarkwa operation. |
(3) | As of June 30, 2010, December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2011 reserves of 1.493 million ounces, 1.479 million ounces and 3.051 million ounces of gold, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Damang operation. |
(4) | As of June 30, 2010, December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2011 reserves of 2.179 million ounces, 2.156 million ounces and 6.011 million ounces of equivalent gold were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Cerro Corona operation. |
(5) | The consideration paid for the Australian operations in excess of the book value of the underlying net assets was allocated pro rata to the value of the underlying assets, which affected the allocation of amortization between St. Ives and Agnew. |
164
(6) | Below infrastructure reserves relate to mineralization which is located at a level at which an operation currently does not have infrastructure sufficient to allow mining operations to occur, but where the operation has made plans to install additional infrastructure in the future which will allow mining to occur at that level. |
(7) | As of June 30, 2010, December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2011 reserves of 75.940 million ounces, 74.571 million ounces and 77.612 million ounces of gold, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the West African and South American operations. |
Corporate expenditure
Corporate expenditure decreased from $47.5 million in fiscal 2010 to $25.9 million in fiscal 2011, a decrease of 45.5%. The decrease is mainly due to the strengthening of the Rand against the U.S. dollar and the effect of corporate restructuring which commenced during calendar 2010. Corporate expenditure consists primarily of general corporate overhead and corporate service department costs, primarily in the areas of technical services, human resources and finance, which are used by the operations. Corporate expenditure also includes business development costs. In Rand terms, corporate expenditure decreased to R187.0 million in fiscal 2011 from R360.0 million in fiscal 2010 mainly due to the reallocation of costs to the operations as well as restructuring savings.
Employee termination costs
Employee termination costs increased from $10.3 million in fiscal 2010 to $32.8 million in fiscal 2011. The termination costs in fiscal 2011 and 2010 related primarily to restructuring at the South African operations as part of the BPR program.
Exploration expenditure
Exploration expenditure increased from $82.4 million in fiscal 2010 to $120.5 million in fiscal 2011, an increase of 46.2%. The bulk of the expenditure was incurred on a diversified pipeline of projects in Africa, Australia, Asia and North, South and Central America, with the increase in fiscal 2011 due primarily to a higher spend on advanced stage exploration projects; $14.7 million on Arctic platinum project in Finland and $23.0 million on Yanfolila in Mali, $15.0 million on FSE in the Philippines, $8.0 million on Woodjam in Canada and $4 million on Tacna, Moquequa and Amantina in Peru. Subject to continued exploration success, exploration expenditure is expected to be $110 million in fiscal 2012. See Information on the CompanyGrowth and International Projects.
Feasibility and evaluation costs
Feasibility and evaluation expenditure increased from nil in fiscal 2010 to $95.2 million in fiscal 2011, comprising $59.0 million on Chucapaca in Peru on a 100% basis, $17.4 million on the FSE project in the Philippines and $18.8 million on the Greater Damang project in Ghana.
(Loss)/profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment was $0.3 million in fiscal 2010 compared to a loss of $0.4 million in fiscal 2011.
The major disposals in fiscal 2011 related to the sale of various redundant assets primarily at Tarkwa, La Cima and KDC whereas in fiscal 2010, they related to the sale of surplus housing at Beatrix.
165
Impairment of assets
There was no impairment of assets in fiscal 2010 compared with $9.5 million in fiscal 2011. The impairment charge in fiscal 2011 resulted from the decision to reassess the optimal processing methodology for the oxides at Cerro Corona, where the current focus is on the evaluation of a heap leach operation to capture the value inherent in the oxide instead of a stand-alone oxide plant; the evaluation costs of which were written off this year.
Increase/(decrease) in provision for post-retirement healthcare costs
In South Africa, Gold Fields provides medical benefits to employees in its operations through the Gold Fields Medical Scheme.
Under the medical plan which covers certain of its former employees, Gold Fields remains liable for 50% of these retired employees medical contributions after their retirement. At December 31, 2011, 128 (fiscal 2010: 166) former employees were covered under this plan. This benefit is not available to members of the scheme who were employees of the former Free State operation (which is now the Beatrix operation) who retired after August 31, 1997, and other employees who retired after January 31, 1999.
As part of the acquisition of South Deep, Gold Fields assumed an additional post-retirement healthcare cost liability. Former employees of South Deep belonged to a commercial medical scheme with employer liability for contribution per pensioner limited to R400 per month. The R400 monthly contribution was fixed until the termination of Gold Fields obligations on December 31, 2011. At June 30, 2010, there were 182 former South Deep employees that were subject to this employer contribution.
In fiscal 2011, $0.1 million was charged to earnings compared with a $9.4 million credit to earnings in respect of Gold Fields obligations under these medical plans in fiscal 2010. The $0.1 million charge in fiscal 2011 comprises the annual interest and service charge. The $9.4 million credit comprises the annual interest and service charge and a decrease in the cross subsidization liability, partly due to the buy-out of 22 members. The post-retirement healthcare provision is updated annually based on actuarial calculations, with any increase in the provision reflected in the statement of operations.
Accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation
At all of its operations, Gold Fields makes full provision for environmental rehabilitation based on the net present value of the estimated cost of restoring the environmental disturbance that has occurred up to the balance sheet date. The rehabilitation charge increased from $19.3 million in fiscal 2010 to $24.9 million in fiscal 2011. The increase is due primarily to the effect of higher estimated inflation for fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010.
For its South African operations, Gold Fields contributes to environmental trust funds it has established to provide for any environmental rehabilitation obligations and expected closure costs relating to its mining operations. The amounts invested in the trust funds are classified as non-current assets and any income earned on these assets is accounted for as interest income. For the Ghanaian, Australian and Peruvian operations Gold Fields does not contribute to a trust fund.
Share-based compensation
The charge for share-based compensation increased from $53.9 million in fiscal 2010 to $66.4 million in fiscal 2011. The increase was primarily due to the net effect of new allocation charges for share-based compensation granted.
166
Interest and dividends
Interest and dividend income decreased from $40.2 million in fiscal 2010 to $25.4 million in fiscal 2011. The decrease was mainly due to lower interest rates in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010.
The interest and dividends received in fiscal 2011 of $25.4 million comprised $0.5 million in dividend income, $9.7 million on monies invested in the South African environmental rehabilitation trust funds and $15.2 million on other cash and cash equivalent balances.
The interest and dividends received in fiscal 2010 of $40.2 million comprised $0.1 million in dividend income, $8.7 million on monies invested in the South African environmental rehabilitation trust funds and $31.4 million on other cash and cash equivalent balances.
Interest received on the funds invested in rehabilitation trust funds increased from $8.7 million in fiscal 2010 to $9.7 million in fiscal 2011 mainly due to a an interest adjustment on maturity, in November 2011, of a consumer-price-index-linked security comprising the trust fund investment portfolio.
Interest on cash balances decreased from $31.4 million in fiscal 2010 to $15.2 million in fiscal 2011 mainly due to the lower interest rates in fiscal 2011 compared with fiscal 2010.
Finance expense
Finance expense decreased from $65.2 million in fiscal 2010 to $54.3 million in fiscal 2011.
Net finance expense in fiscal 2011 consisted of gross interest payments of $63.6 million (2010: $71.7 million) partially offset by interest capitalized of $9.3 million (2010: $6.5 million).
The interest payments in fiscal 2011 and 2010 comprised:
Fiscal 2011 | Fiscal 2010 | |||||||
($ million) | ||||||||
Interest on the $1 billion 4.875% guaranteed notes due October 7, 2020 |
50.0 | | ||||||
Interest on the $200 million Non-Revolving Senior Secured Term Loan |
3.5 | | ||||||
Interest on the $1 billion Syndicated Revolving credit facility |
2.5 | | ||||||
Interest on the Split-tenor Revolving credit facility |
2.1 | 3.6 | ||||||
Interest on borrowings to fund capital expenditure and operating costs at the South African operations |
1.4 | 24.0 | ||||||
Interest on the non-convertible redeemable preference shares |
1.3 | 5.9 | ||||||
Interest on DMTN Program (Commercial Paper) |
1.1 | 27.4 | ||||||
Interest on the $60 million Senior Secured Revolving credit facility |
1.0 | | ||||||
Forward cover costs on the foreign exchange contract taken out on the revolving credit facility |
| 5.0 | ||||||
Interest on Project Finance loanLa Cima (Cerro Corona) |
| 5.1 | ||||||
Other interest charges |
0.7 | 0.7 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Gross interest paid |
63.6 | 71.7 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
Interest on the $1 billion guaranteed notes increased from nil in fiscal 2010 to $50.0 million in fiscal 2011 due to the issue of the notes on September 30, 2010.
Interest on borrowings to fund capital expenditure and operating costs at the South African operations decreased from $24.0 million in fiscal 2010 to $1.4 million in fiscal 2011 due to the repayment of the borrowings.
167
Interest on the non-convertible Gold Fields preference shares decreased from $5.9 million in fiscal 2010 to $1.3 million in fiscal 2011 because in March 2011, the entire outstanding balance of $90 million (including $1.5 million of associated interest) of preference shares to Rand Merchant Bank, was redeemed. See Liquidity and Capital ResourcesCredit Facilities and Other Capital Resources.
Interest on DMTN Program decreased from $27.4 million in fiscal 2010 to $1.1 million in fiscal 2011 due to the repayment of the commercial paper in fiscal 2011.
Forward cover costs on the foreign exchange contract decreased from $5.0 million in fiscal 2010 to nil in fiscal 2011 due to the settlement of the forward cover on September 17, 2009.
Interest on the Project Finance loan decreased from $5.1 million in fiscal 2010 to nil in fiscal 2011 due to the facility being repaid on September 16, 2010.
Interest on borrowings incurred in respect of assets requiring a substantial period of time to prepare for their intended use is capitalized to the date on which the assets are substantially completed and ready for their intended use, at which time they will be amortized over the lives of the corresponding assets. During fiscal 2011, $9.3 million was capitalized in respect of the South Deeps mine development and ventilation shaft deepening projects compared to $6.5 million in fiscal 2010 in respect of the same.
Gain/(loss) on financial instruments
Gain on financial instruments decreased from $27.7 million in fiscal 2010 to $4.4 million in fiscal 2011.
The realized gain in fiscal 2011 comprised:
$ million | ||||
Gain on receipt of 15 million shares in Timpetra Resources Limited(1) |
3.2 | |||
Mark-to-market gain on Atacama Pacific Corporation warrants |
1.0 | |||
Other |
0.2 | |||
|
|
|||
4.4 | ||||
|
|
Note:
(1) | During fiscal 2011, 15 million Timpetra Resources Limited shares valued at $3.2 million were received in exchange for the Central Victoria tenements, or CVT, an Australian exploration project previously owned by Gold Fields. Because Gold Fields expensed CVT costs as incurred, on exchange of CVT for Timpetra shares, a financial gain of $3.2 million arose. |
The realized gain in fiscal 2010 comprised:
$ million | ||||
Gain on receipt of 4 million top-up shares in Eldorado Gold Corporation(1) |
53.6 | |||
Loss on the copper financial instruments |
(25.9 | ) | ||
Loss on the International Petroleum Exchange Gasoil call option |
(0.3 | ) | ||
Other |
0.3 | |||
|
|
|||
27.7 | ||||
|
|
Note:
(1) | During fiscal 2010, 58 million Sino Gold shares were exchanged for 28 million shares in Eldorado. Subsequently, a further four million top-up shares were received from Eldorado. All of the Eldorado shares, including the top-up shares were liquidated during fiscal 2010, resulting in a total profit of $99.9 million, of which $53.6 million relating to the top-up shares was recognized as a gain on financial instruments. |
168
The loss on copper financial instruments in fiscal 2010 was due to the forward sale, during June 2009, of 8,705 tons of Cerro Coronas expected copper production for monthly deliveries from June 24, 2009 to June 23, 2010. The average forward price for the monthly deliveries was $5,001 per ton. An additional 8,705 tons of Cerro Coronas expected copper production for fiscal 2010 was hedged by means of a zero cost collar, guaranteeing a minimum price of $4,600 per ton with full participation up to a maximum price of $5,400 per ton.
Gain/(loss) on foreign exchange
Gold Fields recognized an exchange gain of $9.1 million in fiscal 2011 compared to an exchange loss of $8.5 million in fiscal 2010.
The gain of $9.1 million in fiscal 2011 comprises:
$ million | ||||
Gain on repayment of U.S. dollar denominated intercompany loans |
4.1 | |||
Exchange gain on cash and cash equivalent balances held in currencies other than the functional currencies of the Gold Fields various subsidiary companies |
5.0 | |||
|
|
|||
9.1 | ||||
|
|
The loss of $8.5 million in fiscal 2010 comprises:
$ million | ||||
Loss on Australian dollar denominated intercompany loans |
(6.4 | ) | ||
Exchange losses on cash and cash equivalent balances held in currencies other than the functional currencies of the Gold Fields various subsidiary companies |
(2.1 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
(8.5 | ) | |||
|
|
Profit/(loss) on disposal of listed investments
During fiscal 2011 and 2010, Gold Fields liquidated certain non-current investments. The gain on disposal of listed investments decreased from $111.7 million in fiscal 2010 to $12.8 million in fiscal 2011.
The gain on of $12.8 million resulted from the following sales:
$ million | ||||
Gain on the sale of 12.5 million shares in Gold One International Limited |
7.2 | |||
Gain on exchange of 51.8 million Conquest Mining Limited shares for 15.5 million shares in Evolution Mining Limited |
5.6 | |||
|
|
|||
12.8 | ||||
|
|
The gain of $111.7 million resulted from the following sales:
$ million | ||||
Gain on exchange of 58 million Sino Gold shares for 28 million shares in Eldorado Gold Corporation(1) |
59.0 | |||
Gain on sale of 32 million Eldorado Gold Corporation shares acquired through the Sino Gold Inc. share exchange (28 million) plus a further 4 million top-up shares |
46.2 | |||
Gain from sale of Troy Resources shares |
3.9 | |||
Gain from sale of Orezone Resources shares |
1.3 | |||
Gain from sale of equity shares held through the New Africa Mining Fund |
1.1 | |||
Gain from sale of Aquarius Platinum Ltd |
0.2 | |||
|
|
|||
111.7 | ||||
|
|
169
Note:
(1) | During fiscal 2010, 58 million Sino Gold shares were exchanged for 28 million shares in Eldorado. Subsequently, a further four million top-up shares were received from Eldorado. All of the Eldorado shares, including the top-up shares were liquidated during fiscal 2010, resulting in a total profit of $99.9 million, of which $53.6 million relating to the top-up shares was recognized as a gain on financial instruments. |
Impairment of listed investments
The charge in fiscal 2010 was $8.1 million compared with $0.5 million in fiscal 2011 and relates to the impairment of various offshore listed exploration investments to their market values. The decline in market value below the carrying value of these investments was determined to be other than temporary.
Royalties
Royalties of nil in fiscal 2010 compared with $149.7 million in fiscal 2011. In fiscal 2010, royalties were classified as income and mining tax expense. The reason for the classification is explained below.
The classification of royalty expense at the Groups operations requires judgment, particularly at the Groups South African and Ghanaian operations, where the percentages to be applied in calculating royalties are influenced by the expenses incurred in generating those product sales (and therefore the profitability of the operations). In light of the continued increase in royalties at the Groups international operations, and the fact that the calculation of royalties in Ghana, representing the largest component of consolidated royalty expense (44%), changed to a predetermined 5% of product sales (regardless of the operating margin), Gold Fields has changed the classification of royalty expense in its consolidated financial statements from a component of income and mining taxes to other expenses in its consolidated statements of operations for fiscal 2011. Given the change in circumstances, Gold Fields considered it appropriate to change the presentation on a prospective basis.
Other (expenses)/income
Other expenses represents miscellaneous corporate expenditure not allocated to the operations and therefore not included in the corporate expenditure line item, net of miscellaneous revenue items such as scrap sales and rental income. In fiscal 2010, there were other expenses of $31.9 million compared with $69.9 million in fiscal 2011. The increase in fiscal 2011 is in part attributable to the stronger Rand against the U.S. dollar.
Other expenses in fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010 consisted of miscellaneous items which included:
| Corporate social investment and sponsorship costs; |
| Research and development into mechanized mining; |
| Loan facility charges; |
| Restructuring costs as part of the business process re-engineering; and |
| Legal fees paid as a result of a dispute with a former mining contractor at the Ghanaian operation |
Income and mining tax expense
Income and mining tax expense increased from $358.4 million in fiscal 2010 to $552.0 million in fiscal 2011. The table below sets forth Gold Fields effective tax rate for fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010, including normal and deferred tax.
Fiscal | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Effective tax expense rate |
36.6 | % | 42.1 | % |
170
In fiscal 2011, the effective tax expense rate of 36.6% was lower than the maximum South African mining statutory tax rate of 43.0% mainly due to the tax-effect of the following:
| $239.2 million adjustment to reflect the actual realized company tax rates in South Africa and offshore; |
| $11.9 million reduction relating to the South African mining tax formula rate adjustment; |
| $22.0 million reversal of valuation allowance previously raised against deferred tax assets; and |
| $9.1 million deferred tax release on reduction of the estimated rate at the Peruvian operation. |
The above were offset by the following tax-effected charges:
| $199.0 million non-deductible expenditure comprising mainly $24.5 million share-based compensation, $92.8 million exploration and feasibility and evaluation costs and $35.9 million National Stabilisation Levy in Ghana. |
In fiscal 2010, the effective tax expense rate of 42.1% was lower than the maximum South African mining statutory tax rate of 43.0% mainly due to the tax-effect of the following:
| $62.7 million adjustment to reflect the actual realized company tax rates in South Africa and internationally; |
| $16.6 million reduction relating to the South African mining tax formula rate adjustment; and |
| $27.4 million net adjustment comprising $80.7 million of profit on disposal of investments and the gain on financial investments relating to the Eldorado top-up shares, which are subject to capital gains tax rather than income tax and deductible royalties, offset by $53.3 million comprising non-deductible charges, mainly share-based compensation and exploration expense. |
The above were offset by the following tax-effected charges:
| $71.6 million of royalties and levies at the South African, West African, Australasian and South American operations; |
| $8.3 million in additional valuation allowance raised against deferred tax assets; and |
| $23.9 million of capital gains tax on taxable gains on disposal of investments. |
Impairment of investment in equity investee
The impairment of investment in equity investee was nil in fiscal 2010 compared with $6.8 million in fiscal 2011 and related to Rusoro. The market value and carrying value of Rusoro at December 31, 2011 was $13.2 million. Gold Fields owned 26.4% of Rusoro at the end of fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010.
Share of equity investees profits/(losses)
Share of equity investees profits increased from a loss of $22.7 million in fiscal 2010 to a profit of $4.0 million in fiscal 2011.
Gold Fields equity accounts for three associates; Rand Refinery Limited, Rusoro Mining Limited and as from fiscal 2011, Timpetra Resources Limited.
The Groups 35% share of after-tax profits in Rand Refinery Limited was $5.0 million in fiscal 2011 compared with $8.4 million in fiscal 2010.
The Groups 26.4% share of after-tax profits in Rusoro Mining Limited was nil in fiscal 2011 compared with a loss of $31.1 million in fiscal 2010. The share of Rusoros fiscal 2010 loss took into account $27.9 million translation loss as a result of applying hyper-inflation accounting to its investments in Venezuela.
171
In August 2011, President of Venezuela Hugo Chavez Frias approved a decree with force of organic law which reserves to the State of Venezuela exclusive rights for the extraction of gold in Venezuela. The decree was subsequently approved by the Supreme Court of Venezuela and it was published in the Official Gazette of Venezuela in September 2011. The Venezuelan State has announced that it is seeking a controlling stake of 55% in Rusoro and as such, Rusoro will be compensated for its decrease in ownership. The deadline to negotiate with the Venezuelan government has now lapsed and Rusoro is preparing to seek international arbitration to obtain compensation for the assets it expects to be nationalized.
During fiscal 2011, the Group acquired a 21.8% interest in Timpetra Resources Limited as a result of receiving 15 million Timpetra Resources Limited shares valued at $3.2 million. Timpetra Resources is an Australian listed junior exploration company and the shares were received in exchange for the Central Victoria tenements, an Australian exploration project previously owned by St. Ives. The Groups 21.8% share of after-tax losses in Timpetra was $1 million during fiscal 2011.
Net income
As a result of the factors discussed above, Gold Fields net income was $953.0 million in fiscal 2011, compared with net income of $470.3 million in fiscal 2010.
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests was $79.3 million in fiscal 2010 compared to $71.5 million in fiscal 2011. Due to the purchase of noncontrolling interests in Tarkwa, Damang, Cerro Corona and Living Gold during the first half of fiscal 2011, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests decreased.
As a result of the purchase of the noncontrolling interests in Gold Fields Ghana (Tarkwa) and Abosso Goldfields (Damang) during fiscal 2011, noncontrolling interests reduced to 10.0% (effective interest for the year of 19.2%) from 28.9% in fiscal 2010; in La Cima (Cerro Corona), from 19.3% to 1.5% (effective interest for the year of 7.4%) and in Living Gold (Pty) Limited, from 35.0% to 0.0% (effective interest for the year of 3.4%).
The noncontrolling interest in Canteras del Hallazgo is 49.0% (fiscal 2010: nil). Canteras del Hallazgo is a subsidiary company that owns the Chucapaca project.
The amounts making up the noncontrolling interests in fiscal 2011 and 2010 were:
Effective interest |
Fiscal 2011 | Effective interest |
Fiscal 2010 | |||||||||||||
Gold Fields Ghana LimitedTarkwa |
19.1 | % | 72.0 | 28.9 | % | 45.2 | ||||||||||
Abosso GoldfieldsDamang |
19.9 | % | 13.6 | 28.9 | % | 17.3 | ||||||||||
La CimaCerro Corona |
7.4 | % | 14.9 | 19.3 | % | 17.0 | ||||||||||
Canteras del Hallazgo |
49.0 | % | (28.9 | ) | N/A | | ||||||||||
Living Gold (Pty) Limited |
3.4 | % | (0.1 | ) | 35.0 | % | (0.2 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
71.5 | 79.3 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable to Gold Fields shareholders
As a result of the factors discussed above, net income attributable to Gold Fields shareholders was $881.5 million in fiscal 2011, compared to $391.0 million in fiscal 2010.
Six Months Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009
Revenues
Product sales increased by $540.3 million, or 26.7%, from $2,023.9 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009 to $2,564.2 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010. The increase in product
172
sales was primarily due to an increase in the average realized gold price of 25.9% from $1,026 per ounce in the six months ended December 31, 2009 to $1,292 per ounce in the six months ended December 31, 2010 and an increase in the average realized copper price of 27.5% from $5,634 per ton to $7,182 per ton.
At the Cerro Corona operation in Peru copper production was converted to equivalent gold ounces on a monthly basis using average copper and gold prices for the month in which the copper was produced.
At the South African operations, gold sales decreased from 1.05 million ounces in the six months ended December 31, 2009 to 0.98 million ounces in the six months ended December 31, 2010 primarily as a result of lower underground grades. At KDC, gold sales decreased by 8.8% from 0.70 million ounces to 0.63 million ounces as a result of lower grades mined and processed.
At Beatrix, gold sales decreased by 7.0% from 0.22 million ounces in the six months ended December 31, 2009 to 0.20 million ounces in the six months ended December 31, 2010 due to lower mining volumes. At South Deep, gold sales increased 6.8%, from 0.14 million ounces in six months ended December 31, 2009 to 0.15 million ounces for the six months ended December 31, 2010, in line with anticipated production build-up.
At the West African operations, total gold sales increased from 0.44 million ounces in the six months ended December 31, 2009 to 0.48 million ounces in the six months ended December 31, 2010.
This was mainly due to a 20.9% increase in gold sales at Damang from 0.10 million ounces in six months ended December 31, 2009 to 0.12 million ounces in the six months ended December 31, 2010. Gold sales increased at Damang mainly as a result of the commissioning of the secondary crusher in May 2010, which improved throughput and grades, as well as a 13 day shutdown in December 2009. Tarkwas gold sales increased by 4.1% from 0.35 million ounces to 0.36 million ounces due to an increase in mill throughput.
At the South American operation of Cerro Corona in Peru, total gold equivalent sales increased by 6.5% from 0.19 million gold equivalent ounces in the six months ended December 31, 2009 to 0.20 million gold equivalent ounces in the six months ended December 31, 2010, because of higher gold grades mined and processed.
At the Australasian operations, total gold sales increased from 0.29 million ounces in the six months ended December 31, 2009 to 0.32 million ounces in the six months ended December 31, 2010. At St. Ives, gold sales increased by 23.8% from 0.20 million ounces to 0.24 million ounces due to an increase in underground tons processed and higher head grades from surface and underground. At Agnew, gold sales decreased by 14.2% from 0.09 million ounces in the six months ended December 31, 2009 to 0.08 million ounces the six months ended December 31, 2010 due to restricted underground stope access at Kim South.
All percentage increase or decrease calculations above were made using full production figures.
173
Costs and Expenses
The following table sets out Gold Fields total ounces sold and weighted average total cash costs and total production costs per ounce for six months ended December 31, 2009 and the six months ended December 31, 2010.
Six months ended December 31, 2009 |
Six months ended December 31, 2010 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold sold | Total
cash costs(1) |
Total production costs(2) |
Gold sold | Total
cash costs(1) |
Total production costs(2) |
Percentage increase/ (decrease) in unit total cash costs |
Percentage increase/ (decrease) in unit total production costs |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
(000 oz) | ($/oz) | (000 oz) | ($/oz) | (%) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDC |
695 | 649 | 793 | 634 | 860 | 1,065 | 32.5 | 34.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beatrix |
217 | 680 | 857 | 202 | 868 | 1,056 | 27.6 | 23.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Deep |
137 | 740 | 947 | 146 | 940 | 1,200 | 27.0 | 26.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ghana |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tarkwa(3) |
348 | 612 | 669 | 362 | 696 | 771 | 13.7 | 15.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Damang(4) |
97 | 575 | 651 | 117 | 638 | 748 | 11.0 | 14.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Peru |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cerro Corona(5) |
189 | 360 | 519 | 201 | 401 | 558 | 11.4 | 7.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Australia(6) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
St. Ives |
196 | 759 | 1,023 | 243 | 716 | 1,126 | (5.7 | ) | 10.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Agnew |
93 | 474 | 560 | 80 | 631 | 755 | 33.1 | 34.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total(7)(8) |
1,972 | | | 1,985 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Weighted average |
| 624 | 772 | | 753 | 953 | 20.7 | 23.4 |
Notes:
(1) | Gold Fields has calculated total cash costs per ounce by dividing total cash costs, as determined using guidance provided by the Gold Institute, by gold ounces sold for all periods presented. The guidance was first adopted in 1996 and revised in November 1999. Total cash costs, as defined in the Gold Institute industry guidance, are production costs as recorded in the statement of operations, less offsite (i.e. central) general and administrative expenses (including head office costs performance, as well as changes in the currency exchange rate between the Rand and the Australian dollar, compared with the U.S. dollar). Total cash costs and total cash costs per ounce are not U.S. GAAP measures. Management, however, believes that total cash costs per ounce provides a measure for comparing Gold Fields operational performance against that of its peer group, both for Gold Fields as a whole, and for its individual operations. An investor should not consider total cash costs and total cash costs per ounce in isolation or as an alternative to total production costs or net income/(loss), income before tax, operating cash flows or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In particular, depreciation and amortization is included in a measure of production costs under U.S. GAAP, but is not included in total cash costs under the guidance provided by the Gold Institute. See Presentation of Financial Information. |
(2) | Gold Fields has calculated total production costs per ounce by dividing total production costs, as determined using the guidance provided by the Gold Institute, by gold ounces sold for all periods presented. Total production costs, as defined by the Gold Institute industry guidance, are total cash costs, as calculated using the Gold Institute guidance, plus amortization, depreciation and rehabilitation costs. Changes in total production costs per ounce are affected by operational performance, as well as changes in the currency exchange rate between the Rand, and the Australian dollar compared with the U.S. dollar. Total production costs per ounce is not a U.S. GAAP measure. Management, however, believes that total production costs per ounce provides a measure for comparing Gold Fields operational performance against that of its peer group, both for Gold Fields as a whole, and for its individual operations. An investor should not consider |
174
total production costs per ounce in isolation or as an alternative to total production costs or net income/ (loss), income before tax, operating cash flows or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. See Presentation of Financial Information. |
(3) | In the six months ended December 31, 2009 and 2010, 0.247 million ounces and 0.257 million ounces of sales, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Tarkwa operation. |
(4) | In the six months ended December 31, 2009 and 2010, 0.069 million ounces and 0.083 million ounces of sales, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Damang operation. |
(5) | In the six months ended December 31, 2009 and 2010, 0.153 million ounces and 0.162 million ounces of sales were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Cerro Corona operation. |
(6) | The consideration paid for the Australian operations in excess of the book value of the underlying net assets was allocated pro rata to the value of the underlying assets, which affected the allocation of amortization between St. Ives and Agnew. |
(7) | In the six months ended December 31, 2009 and 2010, 1.806 million ounces and 1.806 million ounces of sales, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Ghana and Peru operations. |
(8) | The total may not reflect the sum of the line items due to rounding. |
The following tables set out a reconciliation of Gold Fields production costs to its total cash costs and total production costs for the six months ended December 31, 2010 and the six months ended December 31, 2009.
Six months ended December 31, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDC | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives | Agnew | Cerro Corona |
Corporate | Group(6) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in $ millions unless otherwise stated)(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Costs |
516.8 | 168.4 | 137.0 | 257.6 | 72.3 | 161.6 | 49.5 | 72.6 | | 1,453.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
G&A other than corporate costs |
(5.3 | ) | (1.5 | ) | (0.8 | ) | (11.8 | ) | (1.3 | ) | (3.2 | ) | (1.8 | ) | (0.9 | ) | | (26.5 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
GIP adjustment(2) |
| | | (2.8 | ) | 0.5 | 10.3 | 0.7 | 1.6 | | 10.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exploration |
| | | | | (2.6 | ) | (1.0 | ) | | | (3.6 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plus: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employee termination costs |
22.0 | 7.1 | 0.4 | 0.2 | | 0.2 | 0.3 | | 5.2 | 35.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royalties |
11.8 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 8.7 | 3.1 | 7.6 | 2.5 | 7.3 | | 43.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs(6) |
(545.5 | ) | 175.3 | 137.5 | 251.9 | 74.6 | 173.9 | 50.2 | 80.6 | 5.2 | 35.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plus: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization(2) |
(126.0 | ) | 36.7 | 37.7 | 26.9 | 12.8 | 98.7 | 9.2 | 31.3 | 10.9 | 389.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rehabilitation |
(3.6 | ) | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | (1) | 0.1 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.4 | | 7.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs(6) |
(675.0 | ) | 213.2 | 175.5 | 279.0 | 87.5 | 273.6 | 60.1 | 112.3 | 16.0 | 1,892.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold produced (000oz)(3) |
634.0 | 202.0 | 146.2 | 362.0 | 116.9 | 243.0 | 79.6 | 199.5 | | 1,983.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold sold (000oz) |
634.0 | 202.0 | 146.2 | 362.0 | 116.9 | 243.0 | 79.6 | 201.2 | | 1,984.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs ($/oz)(4)(6) |
860 | 868 | 940 | 696 | 638 | 716 | 631 | 401 | | 753 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs ($/oz)(5)(6) |
1,065 | 1,056 | 1,200 | 771 | 748 | 1,126 | 755 | 558 | | 953 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes:
(1) | Calculated using an exchange rate of R7.14 per $1.00. |
175
(2) | The GIP adjustment excludes the non-cash portion of GIP which is included in amortization. GIP represents gold in the processing circuit, which is expected to be recovered. |
(3) | In the six months ended December 31, 2010, 1.806 million ounces of production were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Ghana and Cerro Corona operations. |
(4) | Gold Fields has calculated total cash costs per ounce by dividing total cash costs, as determined using guidance provided by the Gold Institute, by gold ounces sold for all periods presented. The guidance was first adopted in 1996 and revised in November 1999. Total cash costs, as defined in the Gold Institute industry guidance, are production costs as recorded in the statement of operations, less offsite (i.e. central) general and administrative expenses (including head office costs performance, as well as changes in the currency exchange rate between the Rand and the Australian dollar, compared with the U.S. dollar). Total cash costs and total cash costs per ounce are not U.S. GAAP measures. Management, however, believes that total cash costs per ounce provides a measure for comparing Gold Fields operational performance against that of its peer group, both for Gold Fields as a whole, and for its individual operations. An investor should not consider total cash costs and total cash costs per ounce in isolation or as an alternative to total production costs or net income/(loss), income before tax, operating cash flows or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In particular, depreciation and amortization is included in a measure of production costs under U.S. GAAP, but is not included in total cash costs under the guidance provided by the Gold Institute. See Presentation of Financial Information. |
(5) | Gold Fields has calculated total production costs per ounce by dividing total production costs, as determined using the guidance provided by the Gold Institute, by gold ounces sold for all periods presented. Total production costs, as defined by the Gold Institute industry guidance, are total cash costs, as calculated using the Gold Institute guidance, plus amortization, depreciation and rehabilitation costs. Changes in total production costs per ounce are affected by operational performance, as well as changes in the currency exchange rate between the Rand, and the Australian dollar compared with the U.S. dollar. Total production costs per ounce is not a U.S. GAAP measure. Management, however, believes that total production costs per ounce provides a measure for comparing Gold Fields operational performance against that of its peer group, both for Gold Fields as a whole, and for its individual operations. An investor should not consider total production costs per ounce in isolation or as an alternative to total production costs or net income/ (loss), income before tax, operating cash flows or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. See Presentation of Financial Information. |
(6) | The total may not reflect the sum of the line items due to rounding. |
176
Six months ended December 31, 2009 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDC | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives | Agnew | Cerro Corona |
Corporate | Group(6) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in $ millions unless otherwise stated)(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Costs |
453.9 | 148.0 | 102.1 | 199.4 | 54.6 | 150.0 | 46.7 | 63.9 | | 1,218.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
G&A other than corporate costs |
(5.0 | ) | (1.5 | ) | (0.8 | ) | (8.7 | ) | (0.7 | ) | (2.8 | ) | (1.3 | ) | (0.6 | ) | | (21.5 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
GIP adjustment(2) |
| | | 11.5 | (1.2 | ) | 1.9 | 0.8 | (1.0 | ) | | 12.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exploration |
| | | | | (5.2 | ) | (4.6 | ) | | | (9.8 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plus: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employee termination costs |
2.6 | 1.3 | | | | | | | 0.3 | 4.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royalties |
| | | 10.8 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 2.4 | 5.7 | | 26.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs(6) |
451.5 | 147.8 | 101.3 | 213.0 | 55.6 | 148.9 | 44.0 | 67.9 | 0.3 | 1,230.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plus: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization(2) |
96.9 | 37.3 | 28.2 | 19.3 | 7.3 | 51.0 | 7.0 | 29.5 | 9.3 | 290.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rehabilitation |
3.2 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.5 | | 7.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs(6) |
(551.6 | ) | 186.1 | 129.7 | 232.7 | 63.0 | 200.7 | 52.0 | 98.0 | 9.6 | 1,523.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold produced (000oz)(3) |
695.4 | 217.2 | 136.9 | 347.9 | 96.7 | 196.3 | 92.8 | 186.9 | | 1,970.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold sold (000oz) |
695.4 | 217.2 | 136.9 | 347.9 | 96.7 | 196.3 | 92.8 | 189.0 | | 1,972.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs ($/oz)(4)(6) |
649 | 680 | 740 | 612 | 575 | 759 | 474 | 360 | | 624 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs ($/oz)(5)(6) |
793 | 857 | 947 | 669 | 651 | 1,023 | 560 | 519 | | 772 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes:
(1) | Calculated using an exchange rate of R7.65 per $1.00. |
(2) | The GIP adjustment excludes the non-cash portion of GIP which is included in amortization. GIP represents gold in the processing circuit, which is expected to be recovered. |
(3) | In the six months ended December 31, 2009, 1.806 million ounces of production were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Ghana and Cerro Corona operations. |
(4) | Gold Fields has calculated total cash costs per ounce by dividing total cash costs, as determined using guidance provided by the Gold Institute, by gold ounces sold for all periods presented. The guidance was first adopted in 1996 and revised in November 1999. Total cash costs, as defined in the Gold Institute industry guidance, are production costs as recorded in the statement of operations, less offsite (i.e. central) general and administrative expenses (including head office costs performance, as well as changes in the currency exchange rate between the Rand and the Australian dollar, compared with the U.S. dollar). Total cash costs and total cash costs per ounce are not U.S. GAAP measures. Management, however, believes that total cash costs per ounce provides a measure for comparing Gold Fields operational performance against that of its peer group, both for Gold Fields as a whole, and for its individual operations. An investor should not consider total cash costs and total cash costs per ounce in isolation or as an alternative to total production costs or net income/(loss), income before tax, operating cash flows or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In particular, depreciation and amortization is included in a measure of production costs under U.S. GAAP, but is not included in total cash costs under the guidance provided by the Gold Institute. See Presentation of Financial Information. |
(5) | Gold Fields has calculated total production costs per ounce by dividing total production costs, as determined using the guidance provided by the Gold Institute, by gold ounces sold for all periods presented. Total production costs, as defined by the Gold Institute industry guidance, are total cash costs, as calculated using the Gold Institute guidance, plus amortization, depreciation and rehabilitation costs. Changes in total production costs per ounce are affected by operational performance, as well as changes in the currency exchange rate between the Rand, and the Australian dollar compared with the U.S. dollar. Total production costs per ounce is not a U.S. GAAP measure. Management, however, believes that total production costs per |
177
ounce provides a measure for comparing Gold Fields operational performance against that of its peer group, both for Gold Fields as a whole, and for its individual operations. An investor should not consider total production costs per ounce in isolation or as an alternative to total production costs or net income/ (loss), income before tax, operating cash flows or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. See Presentation of Financial Information. |
(6) | The total may not reflect the sum of the line items due to rounding. |
Gold Fields weighted average total cash costs per ounce increased by $129 per ounce, or 20.7%, from $624 per ounce in six months ended December 31, 2009 to $753 per ounce in the six months ended December 31, 2010.
The weighted average total cash costs at the South African operations increased by $207 per ounce, or 31.0%, from $667 per ounce in six months ended December 31, 2009 to $874 per ounce in the six months ended December 31, 2010.
This increase was as a result of the 6.7% strengthening of the Rand against the U.S. dollar, above inflation wage increases and an increase in electricity tariffs.
The weighted average total cash costs at the West African operations increased by $78 per ounce, or 12.9%, from $604 per ounce in six months ended December 31, 2009 to $682 per ounce in the six months ended December 31, 2010. This increase was as a result of the increase in electricity tariffs.
The weighted average total cash costs per ounce at the South American operation increased by $41 per ounce, or 11.4%, from $360 per ounce in six months ended December 31, 2009 to $401 per ounce in the six months ended December 31, 2010. This increase was due to the increase in transport costs due to an increase in concentrate shipped as well as the increase in statutory workers participation.
The weighted average total cash costs per ounce at the Australasian operations increased by $28 per ounce, or 4.2%, from $667 per ounce in six months ended December 31, 2009 to $695 per ounce in the six months ended December 31, 2010. This increase was due to the 7.5% strengthening of the Australian dollar against the U.S. dollar partly offset by the increase in gold sales of 11.6%.
In the six months ended December 31, 2010 exchange rate translations had a very significant effect on costs as the Rand strengthened 6.7% against the U.S. dollar from an average of 7.65 in six months ended December 31, 2009 to 7.14 in the six months ended December 31, 2010.
Production costs
Production costs, exclusive of depreciation and amortization, increased by $217.3 million, or 17.8%, from $1,218.4 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009 to $1,435.7 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010.
This increase was due to a 6.7% and an 7.5% strengthening of the South African Rand and Australian dollar against the U.S. dollar respectively, above inflation annual wage increases at the South African operations, increases in electricity tariffs in South Africa and Ghana and the increase in statutory workers participation in Cerro Corona due to the increase in profitability and increase in production at Tarkwa and St. Ives.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization charges increased by $98.8 million, or 34.0%, from $290.6 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009 to $389.4 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010. Depreciation and amortization is calculated on the units-of-production method and is based on current gold production as a
178
percentage of total expected gold production over the lives of the different mines. In South Africa, the increase was due to the 6.7% stronger Rand, increased amortization on ore reserve development, additions to plant and machinery and the increase in short life ore reserve development (defined as development that creates assets with lives shorter than the life of a mine or shaft, including assets such as crosscuts, travelling ways, box holes) at KDC. The increase in amortization at Beatrix was due to an increase in short life ore reserve development and due to the project build-up at South Deep. The increase in Ghana was mainly due to the increase in production. Cerro Corona was similar as tons milled, on which amortization is based, remained constant. In Australia the increase was mainly due to the 7.5% stronger Australian dollar against the U.S. dollar, the increase in production and the amortization of the Morgan Stanley royalty for the six months ended December 31, 2010 compared with only four months for the period ended December 31, 2009.
The table below depicts the changes from June 30, 2009 to December 31, 2010 for proven and probable reserves above current infrastructure and for the life of mine for each operation, and the resulting impact on the amortization charge in the six months ended December 31, 2009 and 2010, respectively. The life of mine information is based on the operations strategic plans, adjusted for proven and probable reserve balances. In basic terms, amortization is calculated using the life of mine for each operation, which is based on: (1) the proven and probable reserves above infrastructure for the operation at the start of the relevant period (which are taken to be the same as at the end of the prior period and using only above infrastructure reserves); and (2) the amount of gold produced by the operation during the period. The ore reserve statement as at December 31, 2010 became effective after January 1, 2011.
Proven and probable reserves as of |
Life of mine as at | Amortization for the six months ended |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
June 30, 2009 |
June 30, 2010 |
December 31, 2010 |
December 31, 2009 |
December 31, 2010 |
December 31, 2009 |
December 31, 2010 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
(000 oz) | (years) | ($ millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South African Region |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDC |
19,800 | 17,600 | 16,500 | 18 | 19 | 96.9 | 126.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Beatrix |
6,100 | 5,400 | 5,500 | 13 | 13 | 37.3 | 36.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||
South Deep |
17,200 | 16,900 | 28,800 | 42 | 54 | 28.2 | 37.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||
West African Region |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tarkwa(1) |
10,700 | 9,900 | 9,300 | 13 | 14.5 | 22.8 | 28.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Damang(2) |
1,800 | 2,100 | 2,000 | 10 | 9.5 | 7.8 | 12.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||
South American Region |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cerro Corona(3) |
2,800 | 2,700 | 2,700 | 15 | 16 | 29.3 | 31.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Australasian Region(4) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
St. Ives |
2,300 | 2,300 | 2,800 | 5 | 5 | 52.1 | 96.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Agnew |
700 | 1,200 | 1,300 | 4 | 6 | 7.1 | 9.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate and other |
| | | | | 9.1 | 11.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total |
61,400 | 58,100 | 68,900 | | | 290.6 | 389.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Reserves below infrastructure(5) |
21,700 | 21,300 | 9,500 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Total gold reserves(6) |
83,100 | 79,400 | 78,400 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes:
(1) | As of June 30, 2009, June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2010, reserves of 7.608 million ounces, 7.038 million ounces and 6.576 million ounces of gold, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Tarkwa operation. |
(2) | As of June 30, 2009, June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2010, reserves of 1.280 million ounces, 1.493 million ounces and 1.479 million ounces of gold, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Damang operation. |
179
(3) | As of June 30, 2009, June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2010, reserves of 2.260 million ounces, 2.179 million ounces and 2.156 million ounces of gold were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Cerro Corona operation. However, amortization at Cerro Corona is based on tons milled being the most consistent parameter over the life of the mine. |
(4) | The consideration paid for the Australian operations in excess of the book value of the underlying net assets was allocated pro rata to the value of the underlying assets, which affected the allocation of amortization between St. Ives and Agnew. |
(5) | Below infrastructure reserves relate to mineralization which is located at a level at which an operation currently does not have infrastructure sufficient to allow mining operations to occur, but where the operation has made plans to install additional infrastructure in the future which will allow mining to occur at that level. |
(6) | As of June 30, 2009, June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2010 reserves of 78.947 million ounces, 75,940 million ounces and 74.571 million ounces of gold, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the West African and South American operations. |
Corporate expenditure
Corporate expenditure was $20.7 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010 compared to $23.5 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009, a decrease of 11.9%. The decrease is mainly due to the restructuring of the corporate office in Johannesburg, that took place in the six months period ended December 31, 2009. Corporate expenditure consists primarily of general corporate overhead and corporate service department costs, primarily in the areas of technical services, human resources and finance, which are used by the operations. Corporate expenditure also includes business development costs. In Rand terms, corporate expenditure decreased from R180.0 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009 to R148.0 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010.
Employee termination costs
In the six months ended December 31, 2010, Gold Fields incurred employee termination costs of $35.3 million compared to $4.3 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009. The terminations related primarily to restructuring at the South African operations. The significant increase in 2010 is mainly due to employees opting for voluntary separation packages following the business process re-engineering exercise.
Exploration expenditure
Exploration expenditure was $50.9 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010, an increase of 27.9% from $39.8 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009. The bulk of the expenditure was incurred on a diversified pipeline of projects in Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia and North, South and Central America, with the increase in the six months to December 31, 2010 due primarily to a higher spend on advanced stage exploration projects; $8.3 million on Chucapaca in Peru, $6.4 million on the Far South East and $6.1 million on Yanfolila in Mali. Subject to continued exploration success, exploration expenditure is expected to be $143.0 million in the fiscal year ending December 31, 2011 (excluding expenditure in relation to FSE, Chucapaca and Arctic Platinum Project).
Feasibility and evaluation costs
Feasibility and evaluation costs were $9.3 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010 compared to nil million in the six months ended December 31, 2009. The costs were comprised of spending on the Chucapaca project in Peru of $6.3 million and the FSE in the Philippines of $3.0 million.
No feasibility and evaluation costs were incurred on these two projects during the six months ended December 31, 2009 due to work programs only beginning in the six months ended December 31, 2010.
180
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment increased from $0.1 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009 to $0.7 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010.
The major disposals in the six months ended December 31, 2010 related to the sale of equipment at South Deep, KDC, Agnew and La Cima compared to the sale of assets at KDC, Beatrix and La Cima in the six months ended December 31, 2009.
(Decrease)/increase in provision for post-retirement healthcare costs
In South Africa, Gold Fields provides medical benefits to employees in its operations through the Gold Fields Medical Scheme.
Under the medical plan which covers certain of its former employees, Gold Fields remains liable for 50% of these retired employees medical contributions after their retirement. At December 31, 2010, 142 (June 30, 2010: 166) former employees were covered under this plan. In fiscal 2009, there was no actuarial valuation at December 31, 2009 because the valuation was conducted at June 30, 2010. This benefit is not available to members of the scheme who were employees of the former Free State operation (which is now the Beatrix operation) who retired after August 31, 1997, and other employees who retired after January 31, 1999.
As part of the acquisition of South Deep, Gold Fields assumed an additional post-retirement healthcare cost liability. Former employees of South Deep belong to a commercial medical scheme with employer liability for contribution per pensioner limited to R400 per month. The R400 monthly contribution is fixed until the termination of Gold Fields obligations on December 31, 2011. At December 31, 2010, there were 194 (June 30, 2010: 182) former South Deep employees that were subject to this employer contribution.
In the six months ended December 31, 2010, an amount of $0.1 million was credited to earnings, compared to $9.3 million in six months ended December 31, 2009, in respect of Gold Fields obligations under these medical plans. The $9.3 million credit in the six months ended December 31, 2009 and $0.1 million in six months ended December 31, 2010 relate to the annual interest and service charge. The post-retirement healthcare provision is updated annually based on actuarial calculations, with any increase in the provision reflected in the statement of operations.
Accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation
At all of its operations, Gold Fields makes full provision for environmental rehabilitation based on the net present value of the estimated cost of restoring the environmental disturbance that has occurred up to the balance sheet date. The rehabilitation charge for the six months ended December 31, 2010 was $10.9 million compared to $9.9 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009. The increase is due primarily to the effect of translating accretion expenses at the South African operations at a stronger Rand against the U.S. dollar.
For its South African operations, Gold Fields contributes to environmental trust funds it has established to provide for any environmental rehabilitation obligations and expected closure costs relating to its mining operations. The amounts invested in the trust funds are classified as non-current assets and any income earned on these assets is accounted for as interest income. For the Ghanaian, Australian and Peruvian operations Gold Fields does not contribute to a trust fund.
Share-based compensation
The charge for share-based compensation in the six months ended December 31, 2010 was $27.0 million compared to $31.5 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009. The decrease was primarily due to forfeitures arising from the participating employees in the share-based schemes accepting voluntary separation
181
offers following the BPR exercise and forfeiture adjustment in December 2010. No forfeiture adjustment was made in the six month period ended December 31, 2009 as it was not a financial year end. In addition, in the six months ended December 31, 2010 compensation is higher due to the effect of the stronger Rand.
Interest and dividends
Interest and dividends amounted to $12.9 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010 compared to $19.2 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009. The decrease was mainly due to lower interest rates in the six months ended December 31, 2010 compared to the six months ended December 31, 2009.
The interest and dividends received in the six months ended December 31, 2010 of $12.9 million comprised $4.2 million on monies invested in the South African environmental rehabilitation trust funds and $8.7 million on other cash and cash equivalent balances.
The interest and dividends received in the six months ended December 31, 2009 of $19.2 million comprised $4.6 million on monies invested in the South African environmental rehabilitation trust funds and $14.6 million on other cash and cash equivalent balances.
Interest on cash balances decreased from $14.6 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009 to $8.7 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010 mainly due to lower interest rates in the six months ended December 31, 2010.
Finance expense
Gold Fields recognized net finance expense of $31.7 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010 compared to $31.3 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009.
Net finance expense in the six months ended December 31, 2010 consisted of gross interest payments of $36.4 million (2009: $33.7 million) partially offset by interest capitalized of $4.7 million (2009: $2.4 million).
The gross interest payments in the six months ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 comprised:
Six months ended December 31, 2010 |
Six months ended December 31, 2009 |
|||||||
($ million) | ||||||||
Interest on the U.S.$1,000,000,000 4.875% guaranteed notes due October 7, 2020, or the Notes |
10.8 | | ||||||
Interest on the $200 million Non-revolving Senior Secured Term Loan |
3.5 | | ||||||
Interest on the non-convertible redeemable preference shares, or the Preference shares |
3.1 | 2.9 | ||||||
Interest on R10 billion Domestic Medium Term Note program, or the DMTN Program |
13.7 | 10.1 | ||||||
Interest on borrowings to fund capital expenditure and operating costs at the South African operations |
2.7 | 9.0 | ||||||
Forward cover costs on the foreign exchange contract taken out on the revolving credit facility |
| 5.4 | ||||||
Interest on Project Finance loanLa Cima (Cerro Corona) |
1.1 | 2.7 | ||||||
Interest on the split-tenor revolving credit facility used to partially fund the Morgan Stanley Royalty, the acquisition of Glencar and capital expenditure in Cerro Corona in 2009 |
0.7 | 3.4 | ||||||
Other interest charges |
0.8 | 0.2 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Gross interest paid |
36.4 | 33.7 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
182
Interest charges increased from $33.7 million to $36.4 million due to:
| Higher average borrowings on the DMTN Program; |
| Interest charges arising from the new $1 billion notes issue and non-revolving senior secured term loan. |
These increases were partly offset by:
| Lower borrowings at the South African operations and the repayment of the Project Finance loan at Cerro Corona, and |
| The cancellation of the forward cover contract on the Western Areas loan in September 2009, resulting in no forward cover costs in the six months ended December 31, 2010 compared to $5.4 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009. |
The overall strategy at South African operations was to move away from traditional bank debt and to access the commercial paper market in order to benefit from the lower interest rates offered by commercial paper. With the $1 billion Notes Issue in September 2010, loans under the DMTN program were repaid and replaced with the less expensive Notes.
Interest on borrowings incurred in respect of assets requiring a substantial period of time to prepare for their intended use is capitalized to the date on which the assets are substantially completed and ready for their intended use, at which time they will be amortized over the lives of the corresponding assets. During the six months ended December 31, 2010, $4.7 million was capitalized in respect of the South Deep operation compared to $2.4 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009.
Gain/(loss) on financial instruments
Gold Fields recognized a realized a net gain on financial instruments of $1.0 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010 compared to $28.2 million in six months ended December 31, 2009.
The gain on financial instruments in the six months to December 31, 2010 related to the $1.4 million gain on marking to market of warrants in Atacama Pacific Corporation, partly offset by a $0.4 million loss on the Rand/ U.S.$ forward contract.
The realized net gain in the six months ended December 31, 2009 comprised:
$ million | ||||
Gain on receipt of 4 million top-up shares in Eldorado Gold Corporation(1) |
53.6 | |||
Loss on the copper financial instruments(2) |
(25.0 | ) | ||
Loss on the International Petroleum Exchange Gasoil call option |
(0.3 | ) | ||
Other |
(0.1 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
28.2 | ||||
|
|
Notes:
(1) | During the six months ended December 31, 2009, 58 million Sino Gold shares were exchanged for 28 million shares in Eldorado at a profit of $59.0 million. Subsequently, a further four million top-up shares, valued at $53.6 million were received from Eldorado and accounted for as gain on financial instruments. The 28 million Eldorado shares were liquidated during the six months ended December 31, 2009, resulting in a profit of $36.3 million. |
(2) | The loss on copper financial instruments in the six months ended December 31, 2009 was due to the forward sale, during June 2009, of 8,705 tons of Cerro Coronas expected copper production for monthly deliveries from June 24, 2009 to June 23, 2010. The average forward price for the monthly deliveries was $5,001 per ton. |
183
An additional 8,705 tons of Cerro Coronas expected copper production for the six months ended December 31, 2009 was hedged by means of a zero cost collar, guaranteeing a minimum price of $4,600 per ton with full participation up to a maximum price of $5,400 per ton. The above loss relates to 4,415 forward tons and 4,415 zero-cost collar tons. |
(Loss)/gain on foreign exchange
Gold Fields recognized an exchange loss of $1.4 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010 compared to $7.2 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009.
The loss of $1.4 million in the six months to December 31, 2010 related to net exchange losses on cash and cash equivalent balances held in currencies other than the functional currencies of the Gold Fields various subsidiary companies.
The loss of $7.2 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009 comprised:
$ million | ||||
Loss on Australian dollar denominated intercompany loans |
(6.4 | ) | ||
Net exchange gains on cash and cash equivalent balances held in currencies other than the functional currencies of the Gold Fields various subsidiary companies |
(0.8 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
(7.2 | ) | |||
|
|
(Loss)/profit on disposal of listed investments
During the six months ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, Gold Fields liquidated certain non-current investments. In the six months ended December 31, 2010, a loss of $0.4 million was realized on disposal of investments held by New Africa Mining Fund compared to a gain of $99.2 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009.
The gain of $99.2 million resulted from the following sales:
$ million | ||||
Gain on exchange of 58 million Sino Gold shares for 28 million shares in Eldorado Gold Corporation(1) |
59.0 | |||
Gain on sale of 28 million Eldorado Gold Corporation shares acquired through the Sino Gold Inc. share exchange |
36.3 | |||
Gain from sale of Troy Resources shares |
3.9 | |||
|
|
|||
99.2 | ||||
|
|
Note:
(1) | During the six months ended December 31, 2009, 58 million Sino Gold shares were exchanged for 28 million shares in Eldorado at a profit of $59.0 million. Subsequently, a further four million top-up shares, valued at $53.6 million were received from Eldorado and accounted for as gain on financial instruments. The 28 million Eldorado shares were liquidated during the six months ended December 31, 2009, resulting in a profit of $36.3 million. |
Impairment of listed investments
There was no impairment charge recognized in the six months ended December 31, 2010 compared to a charge of $7.8 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009. The impairment relates to various offshore listed exploration investments to their market value as at December 31, 2009. The decline in market value below the carrying value of these investments was determined to be other than temporary.
184
South African Equity Empowerment Transactions
The South African Mining Charter requires mining entities to achieve a 26% ownership of South African mining assets by historically disadvantaged South Africans, or HDSA, by the year 2014.
In fiscal year ended June 30, 2004, Gold Fields implemented its first 15% Black Economic Empowerment, or BEE, transaction with Mvelaphanda, a BEE partner. During the six months ended December 31, 2010. Gold Fields implemented three empowerment transactions which enable the Group to achieve the 2014 BEE equity ownership targets.
The value of these transactions was $297.6 million (2009: $0 million) and were comprised of an employee share option plan, or ESOP, for 10.75% of GFIMSA; a broad-based BEE transaction for 10.0% of South Deep, and a broad-based BEE transaction for 1% of GFIMSA, excluding South Deep. For accounting purposes, these transactions qualify as share-based compensation costs.
The $297.6 million was comprised of $171.9 million for the ESOP, $10.2 million for the GFIMSA transaction and $115.5 million for the South Deep transaction.
Under the ESOP transaction, 13.5 million shares were issued to approximately 47,000 Gold Fields employees. These shares were valued on the grant date using the Gold Fields closing share price of R122.79 on December 22, 2010, adjusted by a marketability discount of 25.8% to reflect the value of the restrictions placed on these shares; that the eligible employees may not dispose of the shares until after 15 years from grant gate. The cost of this once-off share-based compensation was $171.9 million.
Under the GFIMSA transaction, 0.6 million shares were issued to broad-based BEE partners on December 23, 2010. The share-based compensation cost, based on the closing price of R118.51, was $10.2 million. These shares were not adjusted by a marketability discount because they had no trading restrictions.
The South Deep transaction amounted to $115.5 million and was made up of a preferred BEE dividend of $21.2 million and an equity component equivalent to $94.3 million. Under the South Deep transaction, a wholly-owned subsidiary company of Gold Fields was created to acquire 100% of the South Deep asset from GFIMSA. The new company then issued 10 million Class B ordinary shares representing 10.0% of South Deeps net worth to a consortium of BEE partners. Class B ordinary shareholders are entitled to a dividend of R2 per share and can convert to Class A ordinary shares over a twenty year period from the effective date of the transaction, December 6, 2010. The Class B ordinary shares will convert one-third after ten years and a third thereafter on each fifth year anniversary. For accounting purposes, the dividend represents a liability of Gold Fields to the Class B ordinary shareholders and qualifies as a share-based compensation. It has been valued at $21.2 million, of which $2.7 million has been classified as a short-term portion under accounts payable. The Rand based effective interest rate used to discount the future dividend payments was 9.55%.
The disposal of 10% of South Deep was subject to valuation adjustments relating to minority, liquidity and marketability discounts which resulted in an overall once-off share-based compensation expense of $94.3 million.
All but the dividend share-based compensation have been included within additional paid-in capital within shareholders equity. The long-term dividend liability component of the share-based compensation has been shown as other long-term liabilities.
Royalties
Royalties increased from $26.8 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009 to $43.3 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010 largely due to the increase in revenues and the fact that the South African
185
operations only started paying royalties in the second half of fiscal year ended June 30, 2010, resulting in no royalty charges in the six months ended December 31, 2009 for these operations. In the six months ended December 31, 2009, royalties were classified as income and mining tax expense. The reason for the reclassification is explained below.
The classification of royalty expense at the Groups operations requires judgment, particularly at the Groups South African and Ghanaian operations, where the percentages to be applied in calculating royalties are influenced by the expenses incurred in generating those product sales (and therefore the profitability of the operations). In light of the continued increase in royalties at the Groups international operations, and the fact that recent changes to the calculation of royalties in Ghana, representing the largest component of consolidated royalty expense, will going forward change the percentage to a predetermined 5% of product sales (regardless of the operating margin), Gold Fields has changed the classification of royalty expense in its consolidated financial statements from a component of income and mining taxes to other expenses in its consolidated statements of operations for the six months ended December 31, 2010. Given the change in circumstances, Gold Fields considered it appropriate to change the presentation on a prospective basis.
Other expenses
Other expenses represent miscellaneous corporate expenditure not allocated to the operations and therefore not included in the corporate expenditure line item, net of miscellaneous revenue items such as scrap sales and rental income. In the six months ended December 31, 2010, there were other expenses of $30.5 million compared to $0.9 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009. The increase is in part attributable to the stronger Rand against the U.S. dollar as well as restructuring costs incurred during the six months ended December 31, 2010.
Other expenses in the six months ended December 31, 2010 and six months ended December 31, 2009 consisted of miscellaneous items which included:
| social investment and sponsorship costs; |
| research and development costs into mechanized mining; |
| new loan facility charges; |
| restructuring costs incurred on business process re-engineering; |
| in the six months ended December 31, 2010, legal fees paid as a result of a dispute with a mining contractor at the Ghanaian operation; and |
| in the six months ended December 31, 2010, a write off of costs incurred on the Abosso Deeps feasibility study at Damang. |
Income and mining tax expense
The income and mining tax expense decreased from $185.5 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009 to $133.8 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010. This decrease is explained below.
The table below sets forth Gold Fields effective tax rate for the six months ended December 31, 2010 and six months ended December 31, 2009, including normal and deferred tax.
Six months ended December 31, |
||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Effective tax expense rate |
68.7 | % | 36.1 | % |
186
In the six months ended December 31, 2010, the effective tax expense rate of 68.7% was higher than the maximum South African mining statutory tax rate of 43.0% mainly due to the tax-effect of the following:
| $74.3 million adjustment to reflect the actual realized company tax rates in South Africa and internationally; |
| $61.3 million deferred tax release on reduction of the estimated rate at the South African mining operations; |
| $10.4 million reduction relating to the South African mining tax formula rate adjustment; and |
| $10.3 million reversal of valuation allowance previously raised against deferred tax assets. |
The above were offset by the following tax-effected charges:
| $197.6 million non-deductible expenditure comprising mainly of $128.0 million BEE transaction costs, $11.6 share-based compensation, $25.9 million exploration, feasibility and evaluation costs and $12.6 million National Stabilization Levy in Ghana. |
In the six months ended December 31, 2009, the effective tax expense rate of 36.1% was lower than the maximum South African mining statutory tax rate of 43.0% mainly due to the tax-effect of the following:
| $58.3 million adjustment to reflect the actual realized company tax rates in South Africa and internationally; and |
| $15.3 million reduction relating to the South African mining tax formula rate adjustment. |
The above were offset by the following tax-effected charges:
| $26.8 million of royalties at the South African, West African, Australian and South American operations; and |
| $7.1 million non-deductible expenditure. |
Share of equity investees profits/(losses)
Gold Fields equity accounts for two associates, Rand Refinery Limited and Rusoro Mining Limited.
The share of equity investees results increased from a share of profits of $3.1 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009 to a share of profits of $4.9 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010.
The Groups 35% share of after-tax profits in Rand Refinery Limited was $5.5 million in six months ended December 31, 2009 compared with $3.1 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010.
The Groups 26.4% share of after-tax losses in Rusoro Mining Limited was $2.4 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009 compared with a share of after-tax profit of $1.8 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010.
Net income
As a result of the factors discussed above, Gold Fields net income was $65.9 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010, compared with net income of $332.1 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009.
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests represented an expense of $53.3 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010 compared to $37.0 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009.
187
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests increased as a result of the increase in profits at Tarkwa, Damang and Cerro Corona. The noncontrolling interests comprised Gold Fields Ghana (Tarkwa) and Abosso Goldfields (Damang) at 28.9%; in La Cima (Cerro Corona) at 19.3%, Canteras del Hallazgo at 49.0% and in Living Gold (Pty) Limited at 35.0%. Canteras del Hallazgo is the subsidiary company that owns the Chucapaca project.
The amounts making up the noncontrolling interest for the six months ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 were:
Noncontrolling interest |
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Gold Fields GhanaTarkwa |
28.9 | % | 29.7 | 23.7 | ||||||||
Abosso GoldfieldsDamang |
28.9 | % | 13.1 | 7.4 | ||||||||
La CimaCerro Corona |
19.3 | % | 17.7 | 6.0 | ||||||||
Canteras del HallazgoChucapaca project |
49.0 | % | (6.9 | ) | | |||||||
Living Gold (Pty) Limited |
35.0 | % | (0.3 | ) | (0.1 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
53.3 | 37.0 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable to Gold Fields shareholders
As a result of the factors discussed above, net loss attributable Gold Fields shareholders was $12.6 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010, compared to net income of $295.1 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009.
Years Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009
Revenues
Product sales increased by $936.0 million, or 29.0%, from $3,228.3 million in fiscal 2009 to $4,164.3 million in fiscal 2010. The increase in product sales was primarily due to an increase in the average realized gold price of 24.0% from $875 per ounce in fiscal 2009 to $1,085 per ounce in fiscal 2010 and an increase in the average realized copper price of 52.4% from $4,115 per ton to $6,273 per ton, coupled with an increase of approximately 0.15 million equivalent ounces, or 4.0%, in total equivalent gold sold, from 3.690 million ounces in fiscal 2009 to 3.837 million ounces in fiscal 2010.
At the Cerro Corona operation in Peru copper production was converted to equivalent gold ounces on a monthly basis using average copper and gold prices for the month in which the copper was produced.
At the South African operations, gold sales decreased from 2.04 million ounces in fiscal 2009 to 1.93 million ounces in fiscal 2010 primarily as a result of safety-related mine stoppages and a particularly slow start after the Christmas break. At Driefontein, gold sales decreased by 14.5% from 0.83 million ounces to 0.71 million ounces as a result of lower underground volumes mined and a 10.7% decrease in underground yield from 7.5 grams per ton to 6.7 grams per ton. The lower volumes were mainly due to safety-related stoppages. Gold sales at Kloof decreased by 11.9% from 0.64 million ounces to 0.57 million ounces primarily as a result of safety related stoppages. At Beatrix, gold sales remained relatively flat at 0.39 million ounces. At South Deep, gold sales increased from 0.17 million ounces in fiscal 2009 to 0.26 million ounces for fiscal 2010, in line with anticipated production build-up.
At the West African operations, total gold sales increased from 0.81 million ounces in fiscal 2009 to 0.93 million ounces in fiscal 2010. This was mainly due to a 17.7% increase in gold sales at Tarkwa from 0.61 million ounces in fiscal 2009 to 0.72 million ounces in fiscal 2010. Gold sales increased at Tarkwa mainly as a result of the commissioning of the new CIL plant, which allowed increased throughput. Damang gold sales increased by 3.5% from 0.20 million ounces to 0.21 million ounces due to the commissioning of the secondary crusher in the last quarter of fiscal 2010 which allowed more hard high-grade ore to be milled.
188
At the South American operation of Cerro Corona in Peru, total gold equivalent sales increased by 79.0% from 0.22 million gold equivalent ounces in fiscal 2009 to 0.39 million gold equivalent ounces in fiscal 2010, because of a full years production in fiscal 2010 compared with only six full months in fiscal 2009. Cerro Corona commenced commercial levels of production in January 2009.
At the Australasian operations, total gold sales decreased from 0.62 million ounces in fiscal 2009 to 0.59 million ounces in fiscal 2010. At St. Ives, gold sales decreased by 1.7% from 0.43 million ounces to 0.42 million ounces due to less ore mined at Belleisle. At Agnew, gold sales decreased by 14.0% from 0.19 million ounces in fiscal 2009 to 0.17 million ounces fiscal 2010 due to the depletion of the Songvang surface stockpiles.
Costs and Expenses
The following table sets out Gold Fields total ounces sold and weighted average total cash costs and total production costs per ounce for fiscal 2009 and fiscal 2010.
Fiscal 2009 | Fiscal 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold sold | Total
cash costs(1) |
Total production costs(2) |
Gold sold | Total
cash costs(1) |
Total production costs(2) |
Percentage increase/ (decrease) in unit total cash costs |
Percentage increase/ (decrease) in unit total production costs |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
(000 oz) | (S/oz) | (000 oz) | (S/oz) | (%) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein |
830 | 450 | 541 | 710 | 691 | 816 | 54 | 51 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kloof |
643 | 511 | 643 | 567 | 769 | 968 | 50 | 51 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beatrix |
391 | 557 | 684 | 392 | 741 | 929 | 33 | 36 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Deep |
175 | 717 | 902 | 264 | 816 | 1,043 | 14 | 16 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ghana |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tarkwa(3) |
612 | 601 | 682 | 721 | 652 | 740 | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Damang(4) |
200 | 671 | 719 | 207 | 621 | 653 | (7 | ) | (9 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Peru |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cerro Corona(5) |
219 | 369 | 553 | 390 | 348 | 504 | (6 | ) | (9 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Australia(6) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
St. Ives |
428 | 654 | 818 | 421 | 755 | 1,070 | 15 | 31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Agnew |
192 | 404 | 490 | 165 | 531 | 656 | 31 | 34 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total(7)(8) |
3,690 | | | 3,837 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Weighted average |
| 538 | 659 | | 670 | 837 | 25 | 27 |
Notes:
(1) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total cash costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 3. |
(2) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total production costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 4. |
(3) | In fiscal 2009 and 2010, 0.435 million ounces and 0.513 million ounces of sales, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Tarkwa operation. |
(4) | In fiscal 2009 and 2010, 0.142 million ounces and 0.147 million ounces of sales, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Damang operation. |
189
(5) | In fiscal 2009 and 2010, 0.176 million ounces and 0.315 million ounces of sales were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Cerro Corona operation. |
(6) | The consideration paid for the Australian operations in excess of the book value of the underlying net assets was allocated pro rata to the value of the underlying assets, which affected the allocation of amortization between St. Ives and Agnew. |
(7) | In fiscal 2009 and 2010, 3.414 million ounces and 3.494 million ounces of sales, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Ghana and Venezuela operations. |
(8) | The total may not reflect the sum of the line items due to rounding. |
The following tables set out a reconciliation of Gold Fields production costs to its total cash costs and total production costs for fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009.
For the year ended June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Drie- fontein |
Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives | Agnew | Cerro Corona |
Corporate | Group | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in $ million except as otherwise stated)(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Costs |
487.5 | 435.6 | 289.8 | 216.5 | 452.9 | 122.9 | 320.4 | 92.4 | 126.0 | | 2,544.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
G&A other than corporate costs |
5.5 | 4.6 | 2.9 | 1.6 | 18.3 | 2.4 | 6.1 | 2.9 | 1.4 | | 45.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GIP adjustment(2) |
| | | | (6.4 | ) | | (4.1 | ) | 0.2 | (0.6 | ) | | (10.9 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exploration |
| | | | | | 12.0 | 6.3 | | | 18.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plus: Employee termination costs |
2.6 | 3.4 | 2.7 | 0.7 | | | | 0.3 | | 0.6 | 10.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royalties |
5.8 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 29.0 | 8.2 | 11.6 | 4.4 | 10.3 | | 71.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
490.4 | 435.5 | 290.3 | 216.1 | 470.0 | 128.7 | 318.0 | 87.7 | 135.5 | 0.6 | 2,572.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plus: Amortization(2) |
84.0 | 109.7 | 71.2 | 59.5 | 62.1 | 6.5 | 129.3 | 19.1 | 59.7 | 19.2 | 620.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rehabilitation |
4.7 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 0.3 | 3.3 | 1.6 | 1.5 | | 19.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs |
579.1 | 548.4 | 364.0 | 276.3 | 533.6 | 135.5 | 450.6 | 108.4 | 196.7 | 19.8 | 3,212.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold produced |
709.8 | 566.5 | 391.9 | 264.8 | 720.7 | 207.4 | 421.1 | 165.2 | 393.6 | | 3,841.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold sold (000 oz) |
709.8 | 566.5 | 391.9 | 264.8 | 720.7 | 207.4 | 421.1 | 165.2 | 389.9 | | 3,837.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs ($/oz)(4) |
691 | 769 | 741 | 816 | 652 | 621 | 755 | 531 | 348 | | 670 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs ($/oz)(5) |
816 | 968 | 929 | 1,043 | 740 | 653 | 1,070 | 656 | 504 | | 837 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes:
(1) | Calculated using an exchange rate of R7.58 per $1.00. |
(2) | The GIP adjustment excludes the non-cash portion of GIP which is included in amortization. GIP represents gold in the processing circuit, which is expected to be recovered. |
(3) | In fiscal 2010, 3.497 million ounces of production were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Ghana and Cerro Corona operations. |
(4) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total cash costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 3. |
(5) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total production costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 4. |
190
For the year ended June 30, 2009 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Drie- fontein |
Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives | Agnew | Cerro Corona |
Corporate | Group | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in $ million except as otherwise stated)(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Costs |
378.9 | 330.6 | 218.4 | 128.3 | 359.4 | 130.7 | 288.9 | 84.6 | 79.1 | (0.3 | ) | 1,998.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: G&A other than corporate costs |
8.7 | 6.9 | 4.7 | 3.0 | 10.1 | 1.6 | 4.1 | 1.8 | 2.5 | | 43.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GIP adjustment(2) |
(1.8 | ) | (2.5 | ) | (2.0 | ) | | (2.7 | ) | | 14.7 | 9.6 | (1.1 | ) | (0.3 | ) | 13.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exploration |
| | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plus: Employee termination costs |
1.8 | 2.5 | 2.0 | | | | 0.6 | 0.2 | | | 7.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royalties |
| | | | 16.1 | 5.3 | 9.5 | 4.2 | 2.6 | | 37.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
373.8 | 328.7 | 217.7 | 125.3 | 368.1 | 134.4 | 280.2 | 77.6 | 80.3 | | 1,986.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plus: Amortization(2) |
70.9 | 81.5 | 48.2 | 31.3 | 48.9 | 9.4 | 69.1 | 16.2 | 38.8 | 16.2 | 430.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rehabilitation |
4.0 | 3.5 | 1.8 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 1.3 | | 13.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs |
448.7 | 413.7 | 267.7 | 157.6 | 417.8 | 144.0 | 350.3 | 94.1 | 120.4 | 16.2 | 2,430.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold produced (000 oz)(3) |
829.9 | 643.0 | 391.1 | 174.7 | 612.4 | 200.4 | 428.3 | 192.1 | 219.3 | | 3,691.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold sold (000 oz) |
829.9 | 643.0 | 391.1 | 174.7 | 612.4 | 200.4 | 428.3 | 192.1 | 217.8 | | 3,689.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs ($/oz)(4) |
450 | 511 | 557 | 717 | 601 | 671 | 654 | 404 | 369 | | 538 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs ($/oz)(5) |
541 | 643 | 684 | 902 | 682 | 719 | 818 | 490 | 553 | | 659 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes:
(1) | Calculated using an exchange rate of R9.01 per $1.00. |
(2) | The GIP adjustment excludes the non-cash portion of GIP which is included in amortization. GIP represents gold in the processing circuit, which is expected to be recovered. |
(3) | In fiscal 2009, 3.414 million ounces of production were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Ghana and Cerro Corona operations. |
(4) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total cash costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 3. |
(5) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total production costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 4. |
Gold Fields weighted average total cash costs per ounce increased by $132 per ounce, or 24.5%, from $538 per ounce in fiscal 2009 to $670 per ounce in fiscal 2010.
The weighted average total cash costs at the South African operations increased by $228 per ounce, or 44.4%, from $513 per ounce in fiscal 2009 to $741 per ounce in fiscal 2010. This increase was as a result of the 15.9% strengthening of the Rand against the U.S. dollar, above inflation wage increases, an increase in electricity tariffs and lower production.
The weighted average total cash costs at the West African operations increased by $27 per ounce, or 4.4%, from $618 per ounce in fiscal 2009 to $645 per ounce in fiscal 2010. This increase was as a result of the increase in electricity tariffs.
The weighted average total cash costs per ounce at the South American operation decreased by $21 per ounce, or 5.7%, from $369 per ounce in fiscal 2009 to $348 per ounce in fiscal 2010. This decrease was due to
191
the increase in gold equivalent ounces sold due to the operation being in production for a full year compared with nine months in the previous year partially offset by the increase in statutory workers participation.
The weighted average total cash costs per ounce at the Australasian operations increased by $116 per ounce, or 20.1%, from $576 per ounce in fiscal 2009 to $692 per ounce in fiscal 2010. This increase was due to the decrease in gold ounces sold and an 18.9% strengthening of the Australian dollar against the U.S. dollar.
In fiscal 2010 exchange rate translations had a very significant effect on costs as the Rand strengthened 15.9% against the U.S. dollar from an average of 9.01 in fiscal 2009 to 7.58 in fiscal 2010.
Production costs
Production costs increased by $545.4 million, or 27.3%, from $1,998.6 million in fiscal 2009 to $2,544.0 million in fiscal 2010.
This increase was due to a 15.9% and an 18.9% strengthening of the South African Rand and Australian dollar against the U.S. dollar respectively, above inflation annual wage increases, increases in electricity tariffs in South Africa and Ghana and the increase in statutory workers participation in Cerro Corona.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization charges increased by $197.6 million, or 45.6%, from $433.5 million in fiscal 2009 to $631.1 million in fiscal 2010. Depreciation and amortization is calculated on the units-of-production method and is based on current gold production as a percentage of total expected gold production over the lives of the different mines. In South Africa the increase was due to the 15.9% stronger Rand, the increase in short life ore reserve development at Kloof and Beatrix and the build-up at South Deep. The increase in Ghana was mainly at Tarkwa due to the increase in production and additional amortization on the CIL expansion and the High Pressure Grinding Rolls. The principal reason for the increase in Cerro Corona was due to a full years production compared with only nine months in the previous year. In Australia the increase was mainly due to the 18.9% stronger Australian dollar against the U.S. dollar and the amortization of the Morgan Stanley royalty.
192
The table below depicts the changes from June 30, 2007 to June 30, 2009 for proven and probable reserves above current infrastructure and for the life of mine for each operation and the resulting impact on the amortization charge in fiscal 2009 and 2010, respectively. The life of mine information is based on the operations strategic plans, adjusted for proven and probable reserve balances. In basic terms, amortization is calculated using the life of mine for each operation, which is based on: (1) the proven and probable reserves above infrastructure for the operation at the start of the relevant year (which are taken to be the same as at the end of the prior fiscal year and using only above infrastructure reserves); and (2) the amount of gold produced by the operation during the year. The ore reserve statement as at June 30, 2010 became effective on July 1, 2010.
Proven and probable reserves as of |
Life of mine(1) as of | Amortization for the year ended |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
June 30, 2007 |
June 30, 2008 |
June 30, 2009 |
June 30, 2007 |
June 30, 2008 |
June 30, 2009 |
June 30, 2009 |
June 30, 2010 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
(000 oz) | (years) | ($ million) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South African Region |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein |
12,300 | 11,000 | 10,100 | 17 | 17 | 18 | 70.9 | 84.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kloof |
11,400 | 10,500 | 9,700 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 81.5 | 109.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beatrix |
7,500 | 6,200 | 6,100 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 48.2 | 71.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Deep |
18,100 | 16,800 | 17,200 | 42 | 41 | 42 | 31.3 | 59.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
West African Region |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tarkwa(2) |
12,200 | 11,300 | 10,700 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 48.9 | 68.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Damang(3) |
1,400 | 1,400 | 1,800 | 7 | 6 | 10 | 9.4 | 6.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
South American Region |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Choco 10 |
1,800 | 3,000 | | 9 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cerro Corona(4) |
3,200 | 3,000 | 2,800 | | 16 | 15 | 38.8 | 60.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Australasian Region(5) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
St. Ives |
2,500 | 1,900 | 2,300 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 69.1 | 136.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Agnew |
600 | 600 | 700 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 16.2 | 15.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate and other |
| | | | | | 19.2 | 19.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total |
71,000 | 62,700 | 61,400 | | | | 433.5 | 631.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reserves below infrastructure(6) |
23,100 | 22,100 | 21,700 | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total reserves(7) |
94,100 | 84,800 | 83,100 | | | | | |
Notes:
(1) | The life of mine for each operation shown in the above table differs from that shown in Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining Operations. The life of mine in the above table is based on the above infrastructure proven and probable reserves, whereas the life of mine information in Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining Operations is based on both above and below infrastructure proven and probable reserves. |
(2) | As of June 30, 2007, June 30, 2008 and June 30, 2009, reserves of 8.674 million ounces, 8.034 million ounces and 7.608 million ounces of gold, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Tarkwa operation. |
(3) | As of June 30, 2007, June 30, 2008 and June 30, 2009, reserves of 0.995 million ounces, 0.995 million ounces and 1.280 million ounces of gold, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Damang operation. |
(4) | As of June 30, 2008 and June 30, 2009, reserves of 2.421 million ounces and 2.260 million ounces of gold were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the Cerro Corona operation. |
(5) | The consideration paid for the Australian operations in excess of the book value of the underlying net assets was allocated pro rata to the value of the underlying assets, which affected the allocation of amortization between St. Ives and Agnew. |
193
(6) | Below infrastructure reserves relate to mineralization which is located at a level at which an operation currently does not have infrastructure sufficient to allow mining operations to occur, but where the operation has made plans to install additional infrastructure in the future which will allow mining to occur at that level. |
(7) | As of June 30, 2007, June 30, 2008 and 2009 reserves of 85.170 million ounces, 80.550 million ounces and 78.947 million ounces of gold, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to noncontrolling shareholders in the West African and South American operations. |
Corporate expenditure
Corporate expenditure was $47.5 million in fiscal 2010 compared to $35.5 million in fiscal 2009, an increase of 33.8%. The increase is mainly due to the strengthening of the Rand against the U.S. dollar and the effect of inflation. Corporate expenditure consists primarily of general corporate overhead and corporate service department costs, primarily in the areas of technical services, human resources and finance, which are used by the operations. Corporate expenditure also includes business development costs. In Rand terms, corporate expenditure increased from R320.0 million in fiscal 2009 to R360.0 million in fiscal 2010.
Employee termination costs
In fiscal 2010, Gold Fields incurred employee termination costs of $10.3 million compared to $21.0 million in fiscal 2009. The termination costs in both fiscal 2010 and 2009 related primarily to restructuring at the South African operations.
Exploration expenditure
Exploration expenditure was $82.4 million in fiscal 2010, an increase of 42.1% from $58.0 million in fiscal 2009. The bulk of the expenditure was incurred on a diversified pipeline of projects in Africa, Australia, China and North, South and Central America, with the increase in fiscal 2010 due primarily to a higher spend on advanced stage exploration projects; $11 million on Chucapaca in Peru and $13 million on Yanfolila in Mali. Subject to continued exploration success, exploration expenditure is expected to be $100 million in fiscal 2011 (not including exploration spending in relation to the FSE deposit). See Information on the CompanyGrowth and International Projects.
Impairment of assets
There was no impairment of assets in both fiscal 2009 and 2010.
(Loss)/profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment decreased from $0.5 million in fiscal 2009 to $0.3 million in fiscal 2010.
The major disposals in fiscal 2010 related to the sale of surplus housing at Beatrix whereas in fiscal 2009, they related to the sale of surplus housing at Driefontein, Kloof and Beatrix.
Shaft closure costs
Closure costs of $3.3 million in fiscal 2008 relate to suspension of the Driefontein Shaft No. 9 deepening project due to the lack of power supply. During fiscal 2009, there was a reversal of an overprovision of $0.2 million after finalization of the total closure costs.
There were no shaft closure costs in fiscal 2010.
194
(Decrease)/increase in provision for post-retirement healthcare costs
In South Africa, Gold Fields provides medical benefits to employees in its operations through the Gold Fields Medical Scheme.
Under the medical plan which covers certain of its former employees, Gold Fields remains liable for 50% of these retired employees medical contributions after their retirement. At June 30, 2010, 166 (fiscal 2009: 203) former employees were covered under this plan. This benefit is not available to members of the scheme who were employees of the former Free State operation (which is now the Beatrix operation) who retired after August 31, 1997, and other employees who retired after January 31, 1999.
As part of the acquisition of South Deep, Gold Fields assumed an additional post-retirement healthcare cost liability. Former employees of South Deep belong to a commercial medical scheme with employer liability for contribution per pensioner limited to R400 per month. The R400 monthly contribution is fixed until the termination of Gold Fields obligations on December 31, 2011. At June 30, 2010, there were 182 (fiscal 2009: 204) former South Deep employees that were subject to this employer contribution.
In fiscal 2010, an amount of $9.4 million was credited to earnings, compared to a charge of $3.4 million in fiscal 2009, in respect of Gold Fields obligations under these medical plans. The $9.4 million credit in fiscal 2010 comprises the annual interest and service charge and a decrease in the cross subsidization liability. The charge of $3.4 million in fiscal 2009 relates to the annual interest and service charge and an increase in the cross subsidization liability. The post-retirement healthcare provision is updated annually based on actuarial calculations, with any increase in the provision reflected in the statement of operations.
Accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation
At all of its operations, Gold Fields makes full provision for environmental rehabilitation based on the net present value of the estimated cost of restoring the environmental disturbance that has occurred up to the balance sheet date. The rehabilitation charge for fiscal 2010 was $19.3 million compared to $13.9 million in fiscal 2009. The increase is due primarily to the effect of translating the accretion expenses at the South African operations at a stronger Rand against the U.S. dollar.
For its South African operations, Gold Fields contributes to environmental trust funds it has established to provide for any environmental rehabilitation obligations and expected closure costs relating to its mining operations. The amounts invested in the trust funds are classified as non-current assets and any income earned on these assets is accounted for as interest income. For the Ghanaian, Australian and Peruvian operations Gold Fields does not contribute to a trust fund.
Share-based compensation
The charge for share-based compensation in fiscal 2010 was $53.9 million compared to $33.7 million in fiscal 2009. The increase was primarily due to new allocations made in fiscal 2010 and the effect of the March 2009 grant which was expensed for the full year in fiscal 2010 compared to only three months in fiscal 2009. In addition, the fiscal 2010 compensation is higher due to the effect of the stronger Rand.
Interest and dividends
Interest and dividends amounted to $40.2 million in fiscal 2010 compared to $24.9 million in fiscal 2009. The increase was mainly due to higher average cash balances in fiscal 2010 compared to fiscal 2009.
The interest and dividends received in fiscal 2010 of $40.2 million comprised $0.1 million in dividend income, $8.7 million on monies invested in the South African environmental rehabilitation trust funds and $31.4 million on other cash and cash equivalent balances.
195
The interest and dividends received in fiscal 2009 of $24.9 million comprised $1.3 million in dividend income mainly from preference shares held in a wholly-owned subsidiary of Mvela Resources, $9.1 million on monies invested in the South African environmental rehabilitation trust funds and $14.5 million on other cash and cash equivalent balances.
Interest received on the funds invested in rehabilitation trust funds decreased from $9.1 million in fiscal 2009 to $8.7 million in fiscal 2010 due to lower interest rates in fiscal 2010 compared to fiscal 2009.
Interest on cash balances increased from $14.5 million in fiscal 2009 to $31.4 million in fiscal 2010 mainly due to higher average cash and cash equivalent balances held in fiscal 2010.
Finance expense
Gold Fields recognized net finance expense of $65.2 million in fiscal 2010 as compared to $73.9 million in fiscal 2009.
Net finance expense in fiscal 2010 consisted of gross interest payments of $71.7 million (2009: $137.5 million) partially offset by interest capitalized of $6.5 million (2009: $63.6 million).
The interest payments in fiscal 2010 and 2009 comprised:
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
($ million) | ||||||||
Interest on the Mvela Loan |
| 34.9 | ||||||
Interest on the non-convertible redeemable preference shares |
5.9 | 9.8 | ||||||
Interest on Commercial Paper |
27.4 | 1.6 | ||||||
Interest on borrowings to fund capital expenditure and operating costs at the South African operations |
24.0 | 42.5 | ||||||
Forward cover costs on the foreign exchange contract taken out on the revolving credit facility |
5.0 | 37.8 | ||||||
Interest on Project Finance loanLa Cima (Cerro Corona project) |
5.1 | 6.0 | ||||||
Interest on the split-tenor revolving credit facility used to partially fund capital expenditure at Cerro Corona and in fiscal 2009, the purchase of investments in Sino Gold Limited |
3.6 | 4.6 | ||||||
Other interest charges |
0.7 | 0.3 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Gross interest paid |
71.7 | 137.5 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
Interest charges decreased from $137.5 million in fiscal 2009 to $71.7 million in fiscal 2010 due to:
| repayment of the Mvela loan in fiscal 2009, resulting in no interest charges for fiscal 2010 compared to $34.9 million in fiscal 2009; |
| the cancellation of the forward cover contract on the Western Areas loan in September 2009, resulting in the forward cover costs decreasing from $37.8 million in fiscal 2009 to $5.0 million in fiscal 2010, and |
| a strategy at South African operations to move away from traditional bank debt and to access the commercial paper market in order to benefit from the lower interest rates offered by commercial paper. |
Interest on the non-convertible Gold Fields Preference Shares in fiscal 2010 was 39.8% lower than in fiscal 2009 because in October 2008, $61 million (including $3 million of associated interest) of the initial issue of $165 million Preference Shares to Rand Merchant Bank on December 24, 2007, was redeemed. See Liquidity and Capital ResourcesCredit Facilities and Other Capital Resources.
196
Interest on borrowings incurred in respect of assets requiring a substantial period of time to prepare for their intended use is capitalized to the date on which the assets are substantially completed and ready for their intended use, at which time they will be amortized over the lives of the corresponding assets. During fiscal 2010, $6.5 million was capitalized in respect of the South Deep operation compared to $63.6 million in fiscal 2009 in respect of South Deep ($7.1 million), Tarkwa ($13.0 million) and Cerro Corona ($43.5 million). The fiscal 2010 capitalization was lower because the Cerro Corona and Tarkwa CIL projects were completed in mid fiscal 2009.
Gain/(loss) on financial instruments
Gold Fields recognized a gain of $27.7 million in fiscal 2010 compared to a loss of $1.3 million in fiscal 2009 relating to financial instruments.
The realized gain in fiscal 2010 comprised:
$ million | ||||
Gain on receipt of 4 million top-up shares in Eldorado Gold Corporation(1) |
53.6 | |||
Loss on the copper financial instruments |
(25.9 | ) | ||
Loss on the International Petroleum Exchange Gasoil call option |
(0.3 | ) | ||
Other |
0.3 | |||
|
|
|||
27.7 | ||||
|
|
Note:
(1) | During fiscal 2010, 58 million Sino Gold shares were exchanged for 28 million shares in Eldorado. Subsequently, a further four million top-up shares were received from Eldorado. All of the Eldorado shares, including the top-up shares were liquidated during fiscal 2010, resulting in a total profit of $99.9 million, of which $53.6 million relating to the top-up shares was recognized as a gain on financial instruments. |
The loss on copper financial instruments in fiscal 2010 was due to the forward sale, during June 2009, of 8,705 tons of Cerro Coronas expected copper production for monthly deliveries from June 24, 2009 to June 23, 2010. The average forward price for the monthly deliveries was $5,001 per ton. An additional 8,705 tons of Cerro Coronas expected copper production for fiscal 2010 was hedged by means of a zero cost collar, guaranteeing a minimum price of $4,600 per ton with full participation up to a maximum price of $5,400 per ton.
The realized loss in fiscal 2009 comprised:
$ million | ||||
Loss on settlement of a portion of the International Petroleum Exchange Gasoil call options(1) |
(14.0 | ) | ||
Loss on the settlement of the U.S. dollar/Rand currency hedges |
(0.3 | ) | ||
Gain on the U.S. dollar/Rand forward gold sales(2) |
6.8 | |||
Gain on the interest rate swap entered into in connection with the Mvela Loan |
4.8 | |||
Gain on the U.S. dollar/Australian dollar forward gold sales |
1.4 | |||
|
|
|||
(1.3 | ) | |||
|
|
Notes:
(1) | In fiscal 2009, the Ghanaian operations purchased four monthly Asian style Intercontinental exchange (ICE) gasoil call options with strike prices ranging from $0.90 per liter to $1.11 per liter, which equated to a Brent crude price of between $92 and $142 per barrel, with final expiry on February 28, 2010. The call options resulted in a premium of $10.4 million, paid upfront. The Australian operations purchased two monthly Asian style Singapore 0.5 gasoil call options with strike prices ranging from $0.9128 per liter to $1.0950 per |
197
liter with a final expiry on February 28, 2010. The call options resulted in a premium of $3.3 million (A$4.4 million), paid upfront. On June 28, 2007 Gold Fields Ghana Holdings (BVI) Limited purchased a three month Asian style (average monthly price) call option in respect of 15 million liters of diesel, settled monthly, to protect against adverse energy price movements. The call option resulted in a premium of $0.3 million, paid upfront, at a strike price of $0.5572 per liter. On August 20, 2007 Gold Fields Ghana Holdings (BVI) Limited purchased a further three month Asian style call option in respect of 15 million liters of diesel, settled monthly, to protect against adverse energy price movements. The call option resulted in a premium of $0.4 million, paid upfront, at a strike price of $0.5572 per liter. |
(2) | During fiscal 2009, $150 million of expected gold revenue for the South African operations for the December quarter was sold forward. The cover extended to the March and June quarters before it was closed-out towards the end of fiscal 2009, resulting in a total gain of $6.8 million |
The $4.8 million gain related to an interest rate swap Gold Fields had entered into in connection with the Mvela Loan. This swap was closed out on June 3, 2005 resulting in a realized gain of $36.2 million. This gain was accounted for in the income statement over the remaining period of the underlying loan, which was repaid on March 17, 2009. $31.1 million was accounted for in the income statement since the close-out. The balance of $5.1 million related to exchange differences due to differing rates used for the purposes of initial recognition and subsequent income statement charges.
(Loss)/gain on foreign exchange
Gold Fields recognized an exchange loss of $8.5 million in fiscal 2010 compared to an exchange gain of $10.2 million in fiscal 2009.
The loss of $8.5 million in fiscal 2010 comprises:
$ million | ||||
Loss on Australian dollar denominated intercompany loans |
(6.4 | ) | ||
Exchange losses on cash and cash equivalent balances held in currencies other than the functional currencies of the Gold Fields, various subsidiary companies |
(2.1 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
(8.5 | ) | |||
|
|
The gain of $10.2 million in fiscal 2009 comprised:
$ million | ||||
Gain on Australian dollar denominated intercompany loans |
13.8 | |||
Gain on U.S. dollar proceeds in respect of the South Deep fire insurance claim |
3.9 | |||
Exchange losses on cash and cash equivalent balances held in currencies other than the functional currencies of the Gold Fields, various subsidiary companies |
(7.5 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
10.2 | ||||
|
|
198
Profit/(loss) on disposal of listed investments
During fiscal 2010 and 2009, Gold Fields liquidated certain non-current investments. In fiscal 2010, the gain on the sale of these investments amounted to $111.7 million compared to a loss of $16.1 million in fiscal 2009. The gain of $111.7 million resulted from the following sales:
$ million | ||||
Gain on exchange of 58 million Sino Gold shares for 28 million shares in Eldorado Gold Corporation(1) |
59.0 | |||
Gain on sale of 32 million Eldorado Gold Corporation shares acquired through the Sino Gold Inc. share exchange (28 million) plus a further 4 million top-up shares |
46.2 | |||
Gain from sale of Troy Resources shares |
3.9 | |||
Gain from sale of Orezone Resources shares |
1.3 | |||
Gain from sale of equity shares held through the New Africa Mining Fund |
1.1 | |||
Gain from sale of Aquarius Platinum Ltd |
0.2 | |||
|
|
|||
111.7 | ||||
|
|
Note:
(1) | During fiscal 2010, 58 million Sino Gold shares were exchanged for 28 million shares in Eldorado. Subsequently, a further four million top-up shares were received from Eldorado. All of the Eldorado shares, including the top-up shares were liquidated during fiscal 2010, resulting in a total profit of $99.9 million, of which $53.6 million relating to the top-up shares was recognized as a gain on financial instruments. |
During fiscal 2009, Gold Fields realized a loss on the sale of investments amounting to $16.1 million resulting from the following sales:
$ million | ||||
Loss on exchange of 42 million Orezone Resources Inc. shares for 3 million IAMGold shares as a result of the acquisition of all Orezone shares by IAMGold |
(23.2 | ) | ||
Gain from the subsequent sale of 3.3 million shares in IAMGold |
7.2 | |||
Loss from the sale of shares in Lakota Resources Inc |
(0.1 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
(16.1 | ) | |||
|
|
Impairment of listed investments
The charge in fiscal 2010 of $8.1 million (2009: $16.0 million) relates to the impairment of various offshore listed exploration investments to their market value as at June 30, 2010 and 2009 respectively. The decline in market value below the carrying value of these investments was determined to be other than temporary.
(Loss)/profit on disposal of subsidiaries
During fiscal 2009 Gold Fields realized a loss on sale of subsidiaries of $0.3 million relating to the disposal of its 70% holding in IRCA. There was no disposal of subsidiary in fiscal 2010.
Other (expenses)/income
Other (expenses)/income represents miscellaneous corporate expenditure not allocated to the operations and therefore not included in the corporate expenditure line item, net of miscellaneous revenue items such as scrap sales and rental income. In fiscal 2010, there were other expenses of $31.9 million compared to $7.7 million in fiscal 2009. The increase in fiscal 2010 is in part attributable to the stronger Rand against the U.S. dollar.
199
Other expenses in fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009 consisted of miscellaneous items which included:
| Corporate social investment and sponsorship costs; |
| Research and development into mechanized mining; |
| Loan facility charges; |
| Restructuring costs at the training academy in fiscal 2009; and |
| Refunds/final settlements received for costs incurred at the Essakane project in fiscal 2009. |
Income and mining tax expense
The table below sets forth Gold Fields effective tax rate for fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009, including normal and deferred tax.
Year ended June 30, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Effective tax expense rate |
42.1 | % | 48.0 | % |
In fiscal 2010, the effective tax expense rate of 42.1% was lower than the maximum South African mining statutory tax rate of 43.0% mainly due to the tax-effect of the following:
| $79.2 million adjustment to reflect the actual realized company tax rates in South Africa and internationally; |
| $16.6 million reduction relating to the South African mining tax formula rate adjustment; and |
| $27.4 million net adjustment comprising $80.7 million of profit on disposal of investments and the gain on financial investments relating to the Eldorado top-up shares, which are subject to capital gains tax rather than income tax and deductible royalties, offset by $53.3 million comprising non-deductible charges, mainly share-based compensation and exploration expense. |
The above were offset by the following tax-effected charges:
| $88.1 million of royalties and levies at the South African, West African, Australasian and South American operations; |
| $8.3 million in additional valuation allowance raised against deferred tax assets; and |
| $23.9 million of capital gains tax on taxable gains on disposal of investments. |
In fiscal 2009, the effective tax expense rate of 48.0% was higher than the maximum South African mining statutory tax rate of 43.0% mainly due to the tax-effect of the following:
| $49.1 million adjustment to reflect the actual realized company tax rates in South Africa and offshore; and |
| $27.7 million reduction relating to the South African mining tax formula rate adjustment. |
The above were offset by the following tax-effected charges:
| $54.4 million non-deductible expenditure; |
| $17.5 million increase in the valuation allowance on Gold Fields Operations, GFI Joint Venture Holdings, Orogen Investments SA (Luxembourg) and Arctic Platinum losses; and |
| $37.7 million of royalties and levies at the West African and Australasian operations. |
200
Impairment of investment in equity investee
The impairment of investment in equity investee was $87.4 million in fiscal 2009. There was no impairment in fiscal 2010. The impairment in fiscal 2009 related to the impairment of Gold Fields investment in Rusoro to its market value at June 30, 2009. Gold Fields owned 26.4% of Rusoro at the end of fiscal 2009 and fiscal 2010.
Share of equity investees losses
Share of equity investees losses increased from $3.5 million in fiscal 2009 to $22.7 million in fiscal 2010.
Gold Fields equity accounts for two associates; Rand Refinery Limited and Rusoro Mining Limited.
The Groups 35% share of after-tax profits in Rand Refinery Limited was $1.6 million in fiscal 2009 compared with $8.4 million in fiscal 2010.
The Groups 26.4% share of after-tax losses in Rusoro Mining Limited was $5.1 million in fiscal 2009 compared with $31.1 million in fiscal 2010. The share of Rusoros fiscal 2010 loss took into account $27.9 million translation loss as a result of applying hyper-inflation accounting to its investments in Venezuela.
Net income
As a result of the factors discussed above, Gold Fields net income was $470.3 million in fiscal 2010, compared with net income of $195.7 million in fiscal 2009.
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests represented an expense of $79.3 million in fiscal 2010 compared to $34.8 million in fiscal 2009. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests increased as a result of the increase in profits at Tarkwa, Damang and Cerro Corona. The noncontrolling interests remained unchanged in Gold Fields Ghana (Tarkwa) and Abosso Goldfields (Damang) at 28.9%; in La Cima (Cerro Corona) at 19.3% and in Living Gold (Pty) Limited at 35.0%.
The amount making up the noncontrolling interest comprised:
Non controlling interest |
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Gold Fields GhanaTarkwa |
28.9 | % | 45.2 | 22.1 | ||||||||
Abosso GoldfieldsDamang |
28.9 | % | 17.3 | 4.1 | ||||||||
La CimaCerro Corona |
19.3 | % | 17.0 | 9.6 | ||||||||
Living Gold (Pty) Limited |
35.0 | % | (0.2 | ) | (1.0 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
79.3 | 34.8 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable to Gold Fields shareholders
As a result of the factors discussed above, net income attributable Gold Fields shareholders was $391.0 million in fiscal 2010, compared to $160.9 million in fiscal 2009.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash resources
Cash flows from operations
Net cash provided by operations in fiscal 2010 was $1,162.9 million compared with $1,907.5 million in fiscal 2011.
201
Gold Fields realized gold price increased from an average of $1,085 per ounce in fiscal 2010 to an average of $1,569 per ounce in fiscal 2011. Gold Fields realized copper price increased from an average of $6,273 per ton in fiscal 2010 to an average of $8,160 per ton in fiscal 2011. The increase in realized price resulted in revenue from product sales increasing by $1,635.8 million from $4,164.3 million in fiscal 2010 to $5,800.1 million in fiscal 2011. The effect of the increased revenue on profit was further supported by a decrease of $8.1 million in actual interest paid (before interest capitalized);
The increase in product sales was partially offset by:
| a negative movement of $89.6 million in working capital resulting from a release of working capital of $9.3 million in fiscal 2010 compared to a net investment of $80.3 million in fiscal 2011, which was mainly due to an increase in receivables in fiscal 2011; |
| an increase of $404.6 million in production costs, which increased from $2,544.0 in fiscal 2010 to $2,948.6 million in fiscal 2011; and |
| a $250.0 million increase in royalties and taxes paid as a result of the increased profitability at a number of subsidiaries. |
The net effect of the above was a $744.6 million increase in cash flow provided by operations.
Net cash provided by operations in fiscal 2010 was $1,162.9 million compared to $634.9 million in fiscal 2009. In fiscal 2010, Gold Fields realized gold price increased to an average of $1,085 per ounce compared to $875 per ounce in fiscal 2009. The increase in realized price coupled with increased ounces of gold sold and resulted in revenue from product sales increasing by $936.0 million from $3,228.3 million in fiscal 2009 to $4,164.3 million in fiscal 2010.
The increased revenues were offset in part by a $545.4 million increase in production costs, which increased from $1,998.6 million in fiscal 2009 to $2,544.0 million in fiscal 2010. In addition, there was a decrease in interest paid of $65.8 million and a positive movement of $129.6 million in working capital resulting from an investment of $120.3 million in fiscal 2009 to a release of $9.3 million in fiscal 2010, mainly due to a decrease in receivables in fiscal 2010. The net effect was a $528.0 million increase in cash flow provided by operations. Net cash provided by operations in the six months ended December 31, 2010 was $808.3 million compared to $388.5 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009.
Although revenues from Gold Fields South African operations are denominated in U.S. dollars, Gold Fields receives them in Rand, which are then subject to South African exchange control limitations. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaExchange Controls. As a result, those revenues are generally not available to service Gold Fields non-Rand debt obligations or to make investments outside South Africa without the approval of the South African Reserve Bank.
Revenues from Gold Fields Ghanaian, Australian and Peruvian operations are also denominated in U.S. dollars, but, unlike in South Africa, Gold Fields receives them in U.S. dollars or is freely able to convert them into U.S. dollars. The Ghanaian and Australian U.S. dollar revenues can be used by Gold Fields to service its U.S. dollar-denominated debt and to make investments in its non-South African operations taking into account SARB-applicable requirements.
Cash flows from investing activities
Cash utilized in investing activities was $1,223.3 million in fiscal 2011, $852.0 million in fiscal 2010 and $720.6 million in fiscal 2009 respectively. The items comprising of these amounts are discussed below:
Capital expenditure increased by $239.9 million from $913.1 million in fiscal 2010 to $1,153.0 million in fiscal 2011. In Rand terms, capital expenditure increased by R1,403.5 million from R6,921.2 million in fiscal 2010 to R8,324.7 million in fiscal 2011.
202
The $239.9 million increase in capital expenditure in fiscal 2011 from $913.1 million in fiscal 2010 was mainly due to:
| increased expenditure at South Deep in line with the project plan build-up; |
| increased expenditure at St. Ives due to capital development at the Hamlet underground mine and the Diana, Formidable and Mars Minotaur open pits; |
| increased expenditure at St. Ives due to the acquisition of mining equipment to commence underground owner mining; |
| increased expenditure at Damang due to expenditure on an additional level on the existing tailings storage facility and additional mining fleet to complete the owner mining requirements; and |
| increased expenditure at Tarkwa on a secondary and tertiary crusher, an additional tailings storage facility and heavy maintenance equipment infrastructure. |
Partially offset by:
| decreased expenditure at Agnew due to the completion of the owner mining project in fiscal 2010; and |
| decreased expenditure at Cerro Corona due to the completion of an additional level on the existing tailings management facility in fiscal 2010. |
Expenditure on Gold Fields major capital projects in fiscal 2011 included:
| $294.5 million on ore reserve development at the South African operations, compared to $235.1 million in fiscal 2010 and $143.5 million in fiscal 2009; |
| $274.6 million on the development and equipping of the South Deep mine as the mine builds to full production as compared to $212.8 million in fiscal 2010 and $113.3 million in fiscal 2009; |
| $2.9 million on the Beatrix Shaft No. 3 expansion project as compared to $3.8 million in fiscal 2010 and $13.6 million in fiscal 2009; |
| $18.8 million on the CIL expansion project (secondary crusher) at Tarkwa, compared to no expenditure in fiscal 2010 and $77.5 million in fiscal 2009; |
| $6.7 million expenditure on the heap leach pads at Tarkwa, as compared to no expenditure in fiscal 2010 and $7.9 million in fiscal 2009; |
| $29.7 million on new mining equipment at Tarkwa, as compared to $24.0 million in fiscal 2010 and $28.3 million in fiscal 2009; |
| no expenditure on the secondary crusher at Damang, as compared to $11.7 million in fiscal 2010 and no expenditure in fiscal 2009; |
| $17.3 million on new mining fleet at Damang. There was no expenditure in fiscal 2010 and 2009; |
| no expenditure on development of the Waroonga underground complex at Agnew compared to $21.1 million in fiscal 2010 and $13.6 million in fiscal 2009; |
| $81.5 million on development of underground mines at St. Ives compared to $65.8 million in fiscal 2010 and $36.9 million in fiscal 2009. Athena accounted for $22.9 million of expenditure in fiscal 2011, as compared to $27.0 million of spend in 2010; |
| $5.9 million on the acquisition of additional mining fleet at Agnew as compared to $12.0 million in fiscal 2010 and no expenditure in fiscal 2009; and |
| $9.3 million of interest capitalized as compared to $6.5 million in fiscal 2010 and $63.6 million in fiscal 2009. |
203
Cash utilized in investing activities was $666.7 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010 and $440.5 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009.
Proceeds on the disposal of property, plant and equipment increased from $1.2 million in fiscal 2010 to $5.3 million in fiscal 2011. Proceeds on the disposal of property, plant and equipment were $3.6 million in 2009. In all three years this related to the disposal of various redundant mining assets by the South African and international mining operations.
On August 27, 2009, Gold Fields reached agreement with Morgan Stanley Bank to terminate, for A$308 million ($257.1 million), the royalty agreement between St. Ives Gold Mining Company Pty Limited and Morgan Stanley Banks subsidiaries. The terminated royalty agreement required St. Ives to pay a 4% net smelter volume royalty on all of its revenues once total gold produced from November 30, 2001 exceeded 3.3 million ounces which was triggered early in fiscal 2009, and provided that if the gold price exceeded A$600 per ounce, to pay an additional 10% of the revenue difference between the spot gold price, in Australian dollars per ounce, and the price of A$600 per ounce.
In fiscal 2010, Gold Fields acquired, for cash, 100% of Glencar Mining Plc., a company whose principal asset, and only defined resource, is the Komana project in Southern Mali, West Africa. The cash consideration paid was $43.0 million.
On September 20, 2010, Gold Fields entered into option agreements with Lepanto Consolidated Mining Company, or Lepanto, a company listed in the Philippines, and Liberty Express Assets, or Liberty, a private holding company, to acquire a 60% interest in the undeveloped gold-copper Far Southeast, or FSE, deposit in the Philippines. The agreements provide Gold Fields with an 18-month option on FSE, during which time Gold Fields will conduct a major drilling program as part of a feasibility study on FSE. As part of the agreement, Gold Fields was required to pay $10 million in option fees to Lepanto and $44 million as a non-refundable down-payment to Liberty upon signing of the option agreements, totaling $54 million, which payments were made during September 2010. During fiscal 2011, Gold Fields paid a further non-refundable down payment of $66 million to Liberty, in accordance with the agreement. On March 22, 2012, Gold Fields exercised its option to acquire 40% of the FSE after making a payment of $110 million. The final payment of $110 million is payable at the expiration of the option period. The total pre-agreed acquisition price for a 60% interest in FSE, inclusive of all of the above payments, is $340 million.
On October 4, 2011, Gold Fields entered into an option agreement with Bezant Resources PLC, or Bezant, to acquire the entire issued share capital of Asean Copper Investments Limited, or Asean, which is incorporated in the British Virgin Islands, a wholly owned subsidiary of Bezant. Asean holds Bezants entire interest in the Guinaoang porphyry copper-gold deposit (the Mankayan project) located on Luzon Island in the Philippines.
Gold Fields paid an upfront non-refundable option fee of $7.0 million and was granted the option to acquire the entire issued share capital of Asean for $63.0 million. The option can be exercised from the date upon which it is granted until expiry on January 31, 2013. The Mankayan project is located approximately four kilometers east of the FSE deposit.
Purchase of listed investments was $0.1 million in fiscal 2011, $13.5 million in fiscal 2010 and $12.8 million in fiscal 2009 respectively.
204
The investment purchase of $0.1 million in fiscal 2011 was:
$ million | ||||
Purchase of a shareholding in Atacama Pacific Gold Corporation |
0.1 | |||
|
|
|||
0.1 | ||||
|
|
The investment purchases comprising the $13.5 million spent in fiscal 2010 were:
$ million | ||||
Loans advanced to GBF Underground Mining Company |
12.7 | |||
Purchase of a shareholding in Atacama Pacific Gold Corporation |
0.7 | |||
Other |
0.1 | |||
|
|
|||
13.5 | ||||
|
|
The investment purchases comprising the $12.8 million spent in fiscal 2009 were:
$ million | ||||
Rights offer in Sino Gold Limited to maintain the Groups 19.9% shareholding |
12.4 | |||
Purchase of a 9.1% holding in Glencar Mining Plc |
1.9 | |||
Purchase of 5.4% holding in Clancy Exploration Limited |
0.2 | |||
Purchase of a 0.5% holding in Cascadero Copper Corporation |
0.1 | |||
Loans repaid by GBF Underground Mining Company |
(1.8 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
12.8 | ||||
|
|
Proceeds from the sale of listed investments were $13.7 million in fiscal 2011, $385.8 million in fiscal 2010 and $54.3 million in fiscal 2009 respectively.
The investment disposals comprising the $13.7 million in fiscal 2011 were:
$ million | ||||
Sale of shares in Gold One International |
7.9 | |||
Repayment of loans advanced to GBF Underground Mining Company |
5.8 | |||
|
|
|||
13.7 | ||||
|
|
The investment disposals comprising the $385.8 million in fiscal 2010 were:
$ million | ||||
Sale of shares in: |
||||
Eldorado Gold Corporation |
372.8 | |||
Troy Resources NL |
7.1 | |||
Orezone Resources Inc |
3.9 | |||
Great Basin Gold Ltd and Lupa Joint Venture held through New Africa Mining Fund |
1.5 | |||
Aquarius Platinum Ltd |
0.4 | |||
Cascadero Copper Corporation |
0.1 | |||
|
|
|||
385.8 | ||||
|
|
205
The investment disposals comprising the $54.3 million in fiscal 2009 were:
$ million | ||||
Sale of IAMGold Corporation shares received in exchange for Orezone shares as a result of the acquisition of all Orezone shares by IAMGold |
33.4 | |||
Redemption of preference shares held in a wholly owned subsidiary of Mvela Resources Limited |
20.9 | |||
|
|
|||
54.3 | ||||
|
|
Proceeds on disposal of subsidiaries were nil in fiscal 2011 and 2010 and $5.0 million in fiscal 2009. The proceeds in fiscal 2009 related to Gold Fields disposal of its 70% holding in IRCA.
For its South African operations, Gold Fields contributes to an environmental trust fund it has established to provide for any environmental rehabilitation obligations and expected closure costs relating to its mining operations. The amounts invested in the trust funds are classified as non-current assets and any income earned on these assets is accounted for as interest income. The amount required to be contributed each year is calculated pursuant to a statutory formula, and can vary depending on how the funds investments performed, the lives of mine of the different South African operations and various other factors. During fiscal 2011, Gold Fields South African operations contributed $16.2 million to the environmental trust fund compared to $12.3 million in fiscal 2010 and $10.4 million in fiscal 2009. For the Ghana, Australia and Peru operations, Gold Fields does not contribute to a trust fund.
Cash flows from financing activities
Net cash utilized by financing activities was $724.6 million in fiscal 2011 as compared to net cash utilized by financing activities of $176.5 million in fiscal 2010 and net cash provided by financing activities of $215.3 million in fiscal 2009. The items comprising these amounts are discussed below:
Long and short-term loans received were $1,167.9 million in fiscal 2011, $1,619.9 million in fiscal 2010 and $1,312.3 million in fiscal 2009.
The $1,167.9 million in loans received in fiscal 2011 comprised:
$ million | ||||
Draw down under the Split-tenor revolving facility |
540.0 | |||
Draw down under the $1 billion Syndicated Revolving credit facility |
483.0 | |||
Draw down under the $60 million Senior Secured Revolving credit* |
70.0 | |||
Proceeds on the scrip lending of 3 million Mvelaphanda shares |
18.2 | |||
Borrowings by GFIMSA from various local banks to fund short term working capital and capital expenditure requirements |
56.7 | |||
|
|
|||
1,167.9 | ||||
|
|
* | Total drawdowns were made up of two separate drawdowns of $20 million (subsequently repaid) and $50 million. |
206
The $1,619.9 million in loans received in fiscal 2010 comprised:
$ million | ||||
Drawn down under the Domestic Medium Term Notes, or DMTN, program to refinance existing facilities |
1,044.9 | |||
Loans raised under the Split-tenor Revolving Credit facility to partially fund the St. Ives Royalty and the acquisition of Glencar Mining |
221.0 | |||
Loans raised under $311 million Syndicated Revolving Credit Facility for purposes of refinancing existing facilities |
200.0 | |||
Borrowings by GFIMSA from various local banks to fund short term working capital requirements and capital expenditure |
134.5 | |||
Proceeds on the scrip lending of 3 million Mvelaphanda shares |
19.5 | |||
|
|
|||
1,619.9 | ||||
|
|
The $1,312.3 million in loans received in fiscal 2009 comprised:
$ million | ||||
Draw down on a credit facility in order to repay the Mvela loan. Mvela then used the proceeds from the loan repayment to subscribe for its 15% interest in GFIMSA by paying the R4,139 million to GFIMSA. Immediately upon receipt of the GFIMSA shares, Mvela exercised its right to use the GFIMSA shares to subscribe for 50 million new ordinary shares in Gold Fields |
416.8 | |||
Borrowings by GFIMSA from various local banks to fund short term working capital requirements and capital expenditure |
488.0 | |||
Draw down on the $750 million syndicated facility to fund the capital expenditure on Cerro Corona and the acquisition of additional Sino Gold Limited shares |
138.0 | |||
Draw downs under the DMTN program to refinance existing facilities |
133.5 | |||
Loan raised under the $311 million Syndicated Revolving Credit Facility for purposes of refinancing existing facilities |
116.0 | |||
Draw down under the short-term syndicated facility to fund capital expenditure |
20.0 | |||
|
|
|||
1,312.3 | ||||
|
|
Long and short-term loans repaid were $654.6 million in fiscal 2011, $1,637.5 million in fiscal 2010 and $993.5 million in fiscal 2009.
The $654.6 million in loans repaid in fiscal 2011 comprised:
$ million | ||||
$1 billion Syndicated Revolving credit facility |
263.0 | |||
DMTN Program |
105.3 | |||
Preference Shares |
90.0 | |||
Borrowings by GFIMSA from various local banks to fund short term working capital and capital expenditure requirements |
56.7 | |||
Split-tenor Revolving Facility |
40.0 | |||
$200 million Non-Revolving Senior Secured Term loan |
40.0 | |||
Payments for the scrip lending of 3 million Mvelaphanda shares |
39.6 | |||
$60 million Senior Secured Revolving credit facility |
20.0 | |||
|
|
|||
654.6 | ||||
|
|
207
The $1,637.5 million in loans repaid in fiscal 2010 comprised:
$ million | ||||
DMTN Program |
721.9 | |||
$311 million Syndicated Revolving Credit Facility |
272.0 | |||
Group committed and uncommitted facilities |
284.1 | |||
Split-tenor Revolving Credit Facility |
289.5 | |||
Project Finance Facility |
50.0 | |||
Short-term syndicated facility |
20.0 | |||
|
|
|||
1,637.5 | ||||
|
|
The $993.5 million in loans repaid in fiscal 2009 comprised:
$ million | ||||
Mvelaphanda loan |
416.8 | |||
Group committed and committed facilities |
319.2 | |||
Split-tenor Revolving Credit Facility |
150.0 | |||
Preference Shares |
63.5 | |||
$311 million Syndicated Revolving Credit Facility |
44.0 | |||
|
|
|||
993.5 | ||||
|
|
For a description of the Gold Fields various credit facilities, see Credit Facilities and Other Capital Resources.
$9.7 million overdraft was repaid in fiscal 2010 compared to $7.0 million advanced in fiscal 2009. There were no changes in fiscal 2011.
$15.4 million of noncontrolling shareholder loans at Tarkwa were repaid in fiscal 2010. No noncontrolling shareholder loans were repaid in fiscal 2011 and 2009.
$31.0 million of noncontrolling shareholder loans were received from Buenventura which holds a 49% noncontrolling interest in Canteras del Hallazgo, the company that owns the Chucapaca project in Peru. No noncontrolling shareholder loans were received in fiscal 2010 and 2009.
During fiscal 2011, Gold Fields purchased noncontrolling interests in La Cima, Ghana and South Deep (relating to Western Areas Prospecting) for a total consideration of $1,055.6 million, comprising $382.3 million for La Cima, $667.0 million for Ghana and $6.3 million for South Deep. There were none such transactions in fiscal 2010 and 2009.
On March 22, 2011, Gold Fields announced a voluntary purchase offer in Lima, Peru, to acquire the outstanding common voting shares and investment shares of La Cima that it did not already own. Gold Fields offered 4.20 Peruvian Nuevos Soles in cash for each La Cima common or investment share. The offer closed on April 15, 2011. The transaction resulted in Gold Fields increasing its stake in La Cima from 80.7% to 98.5%, after purchasing 254.8 million shares, at a cost of $382.3 million
On April 15, 2011, Gold Fields announced that a binding agreement had been entered into with IAMGold Corporation to acquire IAMGolds 18.9% indirect minority stake (noncontrolling interest) in Tarkwa and Damang, for a cash consideration of $667.0 million. Upon completion of the acquisition, which was subject to obtaining shareholder approval, Gold Fields increased its interest in each of the Tarkwa and Damang gold mines from 71.1% to 90%, with the remaining 10% interest being held by the government of Ghana.
208
On October 14, 2011, Gold Fields purchased a 26% interest in Western Areas Prospecting from Peotona Gold (Proprietary) Limited for $6.3 million. The transaction was concluded in terms of an agreement signed between the parties during fiscal 2009. Gold Fields now owns 100% of Western Areas Prospecting which owns the Cardoville, the Kalbasfontein, the WA4 and the Wildebeestkuil prospecting rights.
Dividends paid amounted to $174.9 million in fiscal 2011 compared to $118.1 million in fiscal 2010 and $121.2 million in fiscal 2009. Dividend payments amounted to R1,229.4 million, or 170 SA cents per ordinary share in fiscal 2011, R917.1 million, or 130 SA cents per ordinary share in fiscal 2010, and R981.0 million, or 150 SA cents per ordinary share in fiscal 2009.
During fiscal 2011, Tarkwa, Damang and La Cima paid dividends to noncontrolling shareholders amounting to $41.9 million compared with $23.1 million paid by Tarkwa in fiscal 2010 and nil in fiscal 2009.
During the six months ended December 31, 2010, Gold Fields implemented three empowerment transactions which included a broad-based BEE transaction for 10.0% of South Deep. The South Deep transaction amounted to $115.5 million and was made up of a preferred BEE dividend of $21.2 million and an equity component equivalent to $94.3 million. Under the South Deep transaction, a wholly owned subsidiary company of Gold Fields was created to acquire 100% of the South Deep asset from GFIMSA. The new company then issued 10 million Class B ordinary shares representing 10.0% of South Deeps net worth to a consortium of BEE partners. Class B ordinary shareholders are entitled to a dividend of R2 per share. During fiscal 2011, $3.0 million of the Class B dividend was paid.
In fiscal 2011, $6.5 million was received as a result of share options exercised, as compared to $7.4 million in fiscal 2010 and $10.7 million in fiscal 2009.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $137.2 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010 as compared to net cash utilized by financing activities of $87.6 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009.
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
As a result of the above, net cash utilized was $65.5 million in fiscal 2011, $143.2 million generated in fiscal 2010 and $103.8 million generated in fiscal 2009, respectively. Net cash generated was $308.8 million in the six months ended December 31, 2010 compared to cash utilized of $108.9 million in the six months ended December 31, 2009.
The resultant cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2011, June 30, 2010 and June 30, 2009 was $744.0 million, $500.7 million and $357.5 million respectively.
Credit Facilities and Other Capital Resources
As at December 31, 2011, Gold Fields had committed, unutilized banking facilities of $1,220.5 million available under the following facilities, details of which are discussed below:
| $780 million available under $1 billion Syndicated Revolving Credit Facility; |
| $10 million available under $60 million Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility; and |
| $430.5 million (R3,500 million) available under various committed revolving credit facilities discussed further below. |
As of March 23, 2012, Gold Fields had committed unutilized banking facilities of $1,429.1 million under the two revolving credit facilities noted above and R3,000 million under various committed revolving credit facilities described below. Substantial contractual arrangements for uncommitted borrowing facilities are
209
maintained with several banking counterparties to meet Gold Fields normal contingency funding requirements. As of the date of this report, Gold Fields was not in default under the terms of any of its outstanding credit facilities.
In the event that Gold Fields undertakes any acquisitions or incurs significant capital expenditure, it may need to incur further debt or arrange other financing to fund the costs, which could have an adverse effect on Gold Fields liquidity, including increasing its level of debt.
Project Finance Facility
On November 14, 2006, La Cima, entered into a $150 million project finance facility agreement, or the Project Finance Facility, with The Royal Bank of Scotland plc, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., The Bank of Nova Scotia, The Bank of Nova Scotia Trust Company of New York, Scotiabank Peru S.A.A. and other financial institutions, as set out in the agreement. The terms of the Project Finance Facility were an upfront arrangement fee of 1.2% and a margin over LIBOR of 0.45% during the pre-completion phase and between 1.25% and 1.75% thereafter.
Scheduled principal repayments were to be made in 16 semi-annual installments of various amounts ranging from 4.75% to 6.75% of the principal amount, beginning on June 30, 2009. The final installment was due on the tenth anniversary of the signing date. The Cerro Corona Facility was secured by, among other things, pledges of and mortgages over the assets and properties of La Cima. La Cima could elect to make optional prepayments and had to make prepayments in certain circumstances, including with the proceeds of any bond issuances up to a maximum of $100 million. As at June 30, 2009, La Cima had drawn down $150 million under this facility.
During fiscal 2010, La Cima repaid $50 million. As of June 30, 2010, the total outstanding borrowings under this facility were $100 million. Under the terms of the Project Finance Facility, all payments from the Peruvian operations to any Gold Fields group entities were restricted until the Project Finance Facility had been repaid in full.
In accordance with the facility agreement, the final completion date (i.e., the date on which the Guarantees fall away and the facility becomes non-recourse) was required to occur before November 14, 2010. However, La Cima repaid the full amount outstanding under this facility on September 16, 2010, from which date the security granted by La Cima in connection with this facility, was released. The repayment was made from cash generated by operations.
$200 million Non-revolving Senior Secured Term Loan
On September 17, 2010, La Cima entered into a non-revolving senior secured term loan for up to $200 million with The Bank of Nova Scotia and Banco de Crédito del Perú. The purpose of this facility is to (i) repay La Cimas outstanding subordinated loans with its affiliates; and (ii) to finance its working capital requirements.
On September 22, 2010, the lenders advanced $200 million to La Cima under this facility. The facility amount shall be repaid in 20 equal quarterly installments of $10 million each. The final maturity date of this facility is 5 years from the disbursement date.
Borrowings under the non-revolving senior secured term loan are secured by first-ranking assignments of all rights, title and interest in all of La Cimas concentrate sale agreements. In addition, the offshore and onshore collection accounts of La Cima will be subject to an Account Control Agreement and a first ranking charge in favor of the lenders. This facility will be non-recourse to the rest of the Gold Fields group. The loan bears an interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 2.0% per annum.
During fiscal 2011, La Cima repaid $40.0 million and during the six months ended December 31, 2010, La Cima repaid $10.0 million in accordance with the agreement terms.
210
The outstanding balance at December 31, 2011 was $150.0 million compared with $190.0 million at December 31, 2010.
Split-tenor Revolving Credit Facility
On May 16, 2007, GFIMSA, Orogen and GFO entered into a $750.0 million split-tenor revolving credit facility, or the Split-tenor Facility with lead lenders Barclays Bank Plc and ABN Amro N.V. As originally constituted, the Split-tenor Facility consisted of a $250.0 million 364-day revolving tranche, or Facility A, and a $500.0 million five-year revolving tranche, or Facility B. Facility A has since expired, as explained below.
Borrowings under the Split-tenor Facility are guaranteed by Gold Fields, GFIMSA, GF Holdings Company (BVI) Limited, or GF Holdings, Orogen and GFO. Under the Split-tenor Facility, Gold Fields must maintain a consolidated EBITDA to consolidated net finance charge ratio of at least 5 to 1 and a consolidated net borrowing to consolidated EBITDA ratio of no more than 2.5 to 1. There are also restrictions on the ability of Gold Fields and certain of its subsidiaries to encumber their assets, dispose of assets or enter into a merger or corporate reconstruction.
In connection with this facility Gold Fields paid an arrangement fee of 0.10% on Facility A and 0.30% on Facility B and pays a quarterly commitment fee of 0.09% of any undrawn amounts under Facility B and an agency fee of $35,000 per annum. Borrowings under Facility A bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 0.25% per annum while borrowings under Facility B bear interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 0.3% per annum. Where the total utilizations under Facility A were equal to or greater than 50% of the amount available, a utilization fee of 0.05% per annum was payable on the total amount of utilizations. The utilization fee was payable quarterly in arrears.
On April 28, 2008, Gold Fields exercised the term out option under Facility A which converted the full $250.0 million advance at that point into a term loan with a final maturity date of May 16, 2009. In terms of the facility agreement, Gold Fields had the option to repay the loan under Facility A early in whole or in part by giving five days prior notice. Facility B matures on May 16, 2012. The purpose of the facilities was to refinance existing facilities and for general corporate purposes.
On June 30, 2008, Orogen had borrowed $73.0 million and $121.0 million under Facility A and Facility B respectively. GFO had $177.0 million and $141.0 million outstanding under Facility A and Facility B respectively on the same date.
On various dates during fiscal 2009, Orogen drew down a further $120.0 million under Facility B. On May 15, 2009, GFO drew down $118.0 million under Facility B to partly refinance its maturing loan under Facility A.
The balance of the GFO loan outstanding under Facility A of $59.0 million was refinanced with the $311.0 million Syndicated Revolving Loan Facility, which is detailed below. Also on May 15, 2009, Orogen repaid $16.0 million of its portion of the maturing Facility A and refinanced the remaining $57.0 million with the $311.0 million syndicated revolving loan facility.
On September 17, 2009, Gold Fields utilized $259.0 million of the proceeds from the sale of the shares in Eldorado to fully settle GFO borrowings under Facility B. Subsequently, on various dates, Orogen drew down $221.0 million to refinance more expensive debt under the $311.0 million Syndicated Revolving Credit Facility. Orogen also repaid $32.0 million during fiscal 2010.
The outstanding borrowings of Orogen, all under Facility B, at June 30, 2010 were $430.0 million, compared to $500.0 million in fiscal 2009.
211
On August 26, 2010 Orogen drew down a further $70.0 million and, on October 8, 2010, repaid the full $500.0 million drawn under Facility B from the proceeds of the $1 billion Notes Issue.
On March 22, 2011 Orogen drew down $420.0 million to fund the acquisition of the noncontrolling interest in La Cima.
On May 26, 2011 Orogen repaid $40.0 million.
On June 22, 2011 Orogen drew down $120.0 million under Facility B to partially fund the acquisition of IAMGolds 18.9% stake in the Ghanaian operations.
The loan under Facility B bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 0.30% per annum. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility are guaranteed by Gold Fields, GFIMSA, GF Holdings, Orogen, Newshelf and GF Operations.
The outstanding balance at December 31, 2011 was $500.0 million compared with nil at December 31, 2010.
$311 million Syndicated Revolving Credit Facility
On May 7, 2009, GFIMSA, Orogen and GFO entered into a 364-day $311 million syndicated revolving loan facility with an option to extend the term on the same terms for an additional 364 days from the date of the original final maturity, or the Extension Option. At any time prior to the date of final maturity, Gold Fields had the option to convert all advances outstanding under this facility into a term loan with a final maturity date being no more than 24 months after the signing date of the facility, or the Term Out Option. The Extension Option was not exercisable if the Term Out Option had been exercised. The purpose of the facilities was to refinance existing facilities and for general corporate purposes.
On May 15, 2009, GFO and Orogen drew down $59 million and $57 million respectively under this facility to refinance their respective portion of the loans maturing under Facility A of the Split-tenor revolving credit facility. On June 15, 2009, GFO repaid $44 million of its loan.
On various dates during July 2009, Orogen drew down a total of $50 million for the funding of the Glencar Mining plc acquisition. During August 2009, Orogen drew down $150 million to partly fund the termination of the St. Ives royalty agreement.
On September 17, 2009, Gold Fields utilized $15 million, of the proceeds from the sale of the shares in Eldorado to fully settle GFO borrowings under this Facility. On September 22, 2009, Orogen repaid $36 million of its loan.
Subsequently, Orogen refinanced the outstanding balance under the facility of $221 million with the Split-tenor Revolving Credit Facility.
The facility bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 2.75% per annum. The borrowers were required to pay a quarterly commitment fee of 1.10% per annum, payable on the undrawn portion of the facility. Neither the Extension Option nor the Term Out option had been exercised and the facility expired on May 7, 2010.
Borrowings under the syndicated revolving loan facility were guaranteed by Gold Fields, GFIMSA, GF Holdings, Orogen and GFO.
212
$450 million Syndicated Revolving Credit Facility
On May 12, 2010, GFIMSA, Orogen and GFO entered into a $450 million syndicated revolving loan facility with an option to increase the Facility to $550 million within six months from signing date. The option to increase the facility to $550 million was not exercised. The purpose of the facilities was to refinance existing facilities, for general corporate purposes and working capital. The final maturity date of this facility was September 30, 2013.
The facility bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 1.75% per annum. Where the utilization under the facility was equal to or greater than 50%, a utilization fee of 0.25% per annum would be payable on the amount of utilizations. Such utilization fee was payable quarterly in arrears. The borrowers were required to pay a quarterly commitment fee of 0.70% per annum. The facility was unutilized at December 31, 2010. The facility was cancelled and replaced on June 22, 2011 with the new $1 billion Syndicated Revolving Credit Facility.
Borrowings under the syndicated revolving loan facility were guaranteed by Gold Fields, GFIMSA, GF Holdings, Orogen, Newshelf and GFO.
$60 million Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility
On December 22, 2010, GF Ghana and Abosso entered into a $60 million reducing senior secured revolving credit facility, which facility became available on February 21, 2011. The available facility amount reduces annually on the anniversary date being February 21, from $60 million to $43 million to $35 million in the last and final year with the final maturity date being February 21, 2014. The purpose of this facility is for (i) general corporate purposes; (ii) working capital purposes and/or (iii) capital expenditure purposes, including the purchase of a mining fleet.
On February 25, 2011, Abosso drew down $20.0 million under this facility and subsequently repaid the full loan of $20.0 million on various dates of which the last payment was on July 26, 2011. On November 28, 2011, GF Ghana drew down $50.0 million. The outstanding borrowing for GF Ghana on December 31, 2011 was $50.0 million.
The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 2.85% per annum. The borrowers are required to pay a quarterly commitment fee of 1.30% per annum.
Borrowings under this facility are guaranteed by GF Ghana and Abosso. Borrowings under this facility are also secured by the registration of security over certain fleet vehicles owned by GF Ghana and Abosso, or the Secured Assets. In addition, the lenders are noted as first loss payees under the insurance contracts in respect of the Secured Assets and are assigned the rights under the maintenance contracts between certain suppliers of the Secured Assets. This facility is non-recourse to the rest of the Gold Fields group.
Other short-term Credit Facilities
On August 21, 2007, GFIMSA entered into a R500 million 364-day revolving credit facility for general corporate purposes. Borrowings under this facility were guaranteed by Gold Fields.
On September 22, 2008, this facility was reinstated as a short-term facility expiring on October 21, 2008. With effect from November 11, 2008, this facility was again reinstated as a 364-day facility expiring on November 10, 2009. This facility bore interest at JIBAR plus a margin of 1.20% per annum.
On January 31, 2008, GFIMSA, GFO, Orogen and GFLMSL entered into a R1 billion 364-day revolving credit facility effective May 15, 2008. The facility was to be used for capital expenditure in respect of gold mining projects, general corporate and working capital requirements. Borrowings under the facility were
213
guaranteed by Gold Fields, GF Holdings, GFO, Orogen and GFIMSA and bore interest at JIBAR plus 0.70% per annum. Gold Fields paid a quarterly commitment fee of 0.15% per annum on any undrawn amounts under the facility. This facility expired on May 14, 2009.
The group utilized the above-mentioned facilities with other uncommitted loan facilities from some of the major banks to fund the capital expenditure and working capital requirements of the South African operations.
The total draw downs were R400 million ($56.7 million) in fiscal 2011, R290 million ($39.4 million) in six month ended December 31, 2010, R1,040 million ($135 million) in fiscal 2010, compared to R8,039 million ($905 million) in fiscal 2009. Total repayments were R400 million ($56.7 million) in fiscal 2011, R290 million ($41.9 million) in six month ended December 31, 2010, R2,140 million ($284 million) in fiscal 2010, compared to R6,941 million ($736 million) in fiscal 2009. The repayments were made from cash generated by operations.
Preference Shares
On December 24, 2007, Gold Fields issued R1,200 million ($165 million at the exchange rate in effect on the date of issuance) of non-convertible redeemable preference shares, or the Preference Shares, to Rand Merchant Bank. The dividend rate payable is a floating rate that increases from 22% up to 54% of the prime lending rate quoted by FirstRand Bank Limited, or the Prime Rate, over the life of the Preference Shares.
In certain circumstances, the dividend rate increases up to 61% of the Prime Rate in the event that the Preference Shares are redeemed before their scheduled maturity date and the dividend rate is also subject to adjustment in the case of a change in law or regulation. Dividends accrue quarterly and are rolled up until the redemption date. The Preference Shares can be redeemed by the Company in the event the dividend rate is adjusted according to the terms of the Preference Shares, or at any time on 14 days notice. The proceeds of the issuance of the Preference Shares were used to refinance a portion of the Split-tenor Facility. The Preference Shares mature on January 24, 2011 and payment in full of all dividends, redemption amounts, costs and expenses that may become payable in respect of the Preference Shares has been guaranteed by GFIMSA, Orogen, GFO, Newshelf and GF Holdings.
On October 10, 2008, R600 million ($61 million) of the R1,200 million ($165 million) preference shares was repaid, with an attributable dividend of R23 million ($3 million).
On December 15, 2010, Gold Fields declared and paid $19 million of the attributable dividend. On the same date, the redemption date of January 24, 2011 was extended to September 15, 2011. The preference shares may be redeemable earlier on a date as agreed between the holder and Gold Fields.
The remaining balance as at December 31, 2010 was $91 million (June 30, 2010: $96 million), consisting of capital of $88 million (June 30, 2010: $79 million) and an attributable dividend of $3 million (June 30, 2010: $17 million).
On March 31, 2011, the entire outstanding balance of preference shares of R600 million ($88.5 million) was redeemed in full with an attributable dividend of R9.9 million ($1.5 million).
R10 billion Domestic Medium Term Note Program
Gold Fields established a R10 billion Domestic Medium Term Note Program, or the Program, on April 6, 2009. Under the Program, Gold Fields may from time to time issue notes denominated in any currency. The notes are not subject to any minimum or maximum maturity and the maximum aggregate nominal amount of all notes from time to time outstanding may not exceed R10 billion.
The Program has been registered with the bond market of the JSE and the notes issued can be listed on the JSE or not.
214
Under the Program, Gold Fields issued listed notes totaling nil during fiscal 2011, R1,825.0 million ($248 million) during the six months ended December 31, 2010, R7,902 million ($1,045 million) during fiscal 2010 and R1,143 million ($134 million) in fiscal 2009, and settled listed maturing notes totaling R735 million ($105.3 million) in fiscal 2011, R4,692 million ($659.6 million) during six month ended December 31, 2010, R5,443 million ($722 million) during fiscal 2010 and nil in fiscal 2009. The different notes issued mature three, six or 12 months from date of issue and bear interest at JIBAR plus a margin ranging from 0.56% to 1.00% per annum, except for notes with a carrying value of R300 million ($39.6 million) which are at a fixed rate of 8.48%.
The outstanding issued notes under the Program at December 31, 2011 were nil, at December 31, 2010 were R735 million ($108.9 million), at June 30, 2010 were R3,602 million ($476 million) and R1,143 million ($142 million) in fiscal 2009.
Notes under the Program are guaranteed by GFIMSA, GF Holdings, Orogen and GFO.
R3,500 million Long Term Revolving Credit Facilities
GFIMSA and GFO have entered into separate revolving credit facilities with tenors between three and five years. The purpose of the facilities is to finance capital expenditure, general corporate and working capital requirements and to refinance existing debt. These facilities were unutilized at December 31, 2011, December 31, 2010 and June 30, 2010.
The borrowers are required to pay a commitment fee of between 0.65% and 0.90% per annum on the undrawn and uncancelled amounts of the facilities, calculated and payable either quarterly or semiannually in arrears.
In summary the facilities are:
| a R1.0 billion ($123 million) revolving credit facility entered into on December 9, 2009 and maturing December 17, 2012 at JIBAR plus 3.00%; |
| a R500 million ($61.5 million) revolving credit facility entered into on March 8, 2010 and maturing March 10, 2013 at JIBAR plus 2.85%; |
| a R1.5 billion ($184.5 million) revolving credit facility entered into on May 6, 2009 and maturing June 10, 2014 at JIBAR plus 2.95%. This facility was cancelled and replaced with a new R2.0 billion ($246 million) revolving credit facility on December 19, 2011; and |
| a R2.0 billion ($246 million) revolving credit facility entered into on December 19, 2011 and maturing on December 17, 2016 at JIBAR plus 1.95%. |
Borrowings under these facilities are guaranteed by Gold Fields, GF Holdings, GFO, Orogen, Newshelf and GFIMSA.
$1 billion Notes Issue
On September 30, 2010, Orogen issued $1,000,000,000 4.875% guaranteed Notes due October 7, 2020, or the Notes. The payment of all amounts due in respect of the Notes was unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed by Gold Fields, GFIMSA, GFO and GF Holdings, or, together, the Guarantors, on a joint and several basis. The Notes and guarantees constitute direct, unsubordinated and unsecured obligations of Orogen and the Guarantors, respectively, and rank equally in right of payment among themselves and with all other existing and future unsubordinated and unsecured obligations of Orogen and the Guarantors, respectively.
Gold Fields intends to use the net proceeds of the offering of the Notes to repay certain existing indebtedness of the Group and for general corporate purposes.
215
$1 billion Syndicated Revolving Credit Facility
On June 20, 2011, GFIMSA, Orogen and GFO entered into a U.S.$1 billion syndicated revolving loan facility with an option to increase this facility to U.S.$1.1 billion within six months from signing date. The option to increase the facility to U.S.$1.1 billion was not exercised. The purpose of the facility is to refinance the existing $450 million Syndicated Revolving Credit Facility, for general corporate purposes and working capital. The final maturity date of this facility is June 20, 2016.
The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 1.20% per annum. Where the utilization under the facility is greater than 33 1/3% and less than or equal to 66 2/3%, a utilization fee of 0.20% per annum will be payable on the amount of utilizations. Where the utilization under the facility is greater than 66 2/3%, a utilization fee of 0.40% per annum will be payable on the amount of utilizations. Such utilization fee is payable quarterly in arrears. The borrowers are required to pay a quarterly commitment fee of 0.42% per annum.
On June 22, 2011, Orogen drew down $450.0 million under this facility to partially fund the acquisition of IAMGolds 18.9% stake in the Ghanaian operations. On August 22, 2011 and September 22, 2011, Orogen repaid $75.0 million and $105.0 million respectively under this facility. On November 16, 2011, Orogen drew down $33.0 million and the amount was repaid on December 19, 2011. In addition, Orogen repaid $50.0 million on December 23, 2011 under this facility.
The outstanding borrowings of Orogen under this facility at December 31, 2011 were $220.0 million.
Borrowings under the syndicated revolving loan facility are guaranteed by Gold Fields, GFIMSA, GF Holdings, Orogen, Newshelf and GFO.
Contractual obligations and commitments as at December 31, 2011
Payments due by period | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total | Less than 12 months |
12-36 months |
36-60 months |
After 60 months |
||||||||||||||||
(Rand millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt |
||||||||||||||||||||
Notes Issue |
||||||||||||||||||||
Capital |
1,000.0 | | | | 1,000.0 | |||||||||||||||
Interest |
438.7 | 48.8 | 97.5 | 97.5 | 194.9 | |||||||||||||||
Syndicated revolving credit facility |
||||||||||||||||||||
Capital |
500.0 | 500.0 | | | | |||||||||||||||
Interest |
1.7 | 1.7 | | | | |||||||||||||||
Non-Revolving Senior Secured Term Loan |
||||||||||||||||||||
Capital |
150.0 | 40.0 | 80.0 | 30.0 | | |||||||||||||||
Interest |
7.8 | 3.4 | 3.9 | 0.5 | | |||||||||||||||
$1 billion Syndicated Revolving credit facility |
||||||||||||||||||||
Capital |
220.0 | | | 220.0 | | |||||||||||||||
Interest |
17.4 | 3.9 | 7.8 | 5.7 | | |||||||||||||||
$60 million senior secured revolving credit facility |
||||||||||||||||||||
Capital |
50.0 | 7.0 | 43.0 | | | |||||||||||||||
Interest |
2.9 | 1.5 | 1.4 | | | |||||||||||||||
Operating lease obligationsbuilding |
7.9 | 2.4 | 5.5 | | | |||||||||||||||
Other long-term obligations |
||||||||||||||||||||
Post-retirement healthcare(1) |
2.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 1.1 | |||||||||||||||
Environmental obligations(2) |
336.9 | 1.7 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 328.4 | |||||||||||||||
Total contractual obligations |
2,735.4 | 610.6 | 242.9 | 357.5 | 1,524.4 |
216
Notes:
(1) | Gold Fields provision for post-retirement healthcare obligations increases annually based on the expected increases in the level of individual contributions in order to settle its obligations to its former employees, set off by payments made on behalf of certain pensioners and dependants of former employees on a pay-as-you-go basis. |
(2) | Gold Fields makes full provision for all environmental obligations based on the net present value of the estimated cost of restoring the environmental disturbance that has occurred up to the balance sheet date. This provision increases annually based on expected inflation. Management believes that the provisions made for environmental obligations are adequate to cover the expected volume of such obligations. See Critical Accounting Policies and EstimatesEnvironmental rehabilitation costs. |
Amounts of commitments expiring by period | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total | Less than 12 months |
12-36 months |
36-60 months |
After 60 months |
||||||||||||||||
(Rand millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other commercial commitments |
||||||||||||||||||||
Guarantees(1) |
1.7 | 1.7 | | | | |||||||||||||||
Capital expenditure(2) |
245.7 | 245.7 | | | | |||||||||||||||
Funding commitments |
| | | | | |||||||||||||||
Total commercial commitments |
247.4 | 247.4 | | | |
Notes:
(1) | Guarantees consist of numerous obligations. Guarantees consisting of $56.3 million committed to guarantee Gold Fields environmental obligations with respect to its West African, South American and Australasian operations are fully provided for under the provision for environmental rehabilitation and are not included in the amount above. |
(2) | Capital expenditure consists only of amounts committed to external suppliers, although as of December 31, 2011 an amount of $1,243.1 million in respect of capital expenditure had been approved by Gold Fields Board. |
Working capital
Management believes that Gold Fields working capital resources, by way of internal sources and banking facilities, are sufficient to fund Gold Fields currently foreseeable future business requirements.
Off balance sheet items
At December 31, 2011, Gold Fields had no off balance sheet items.
Recent Developments
Ghana
The following changes to the current tax regime relating to mining companies were passed by the Ghanaian parliament and gazetted as of March 9, 2012. The changes include the following:
| Increased tax rate for mining companies from 25% to 35%. |
| As from the 2012 year of assessment, capital allowances on mining assets would now be granted at the rate of 20% on the cost base of the assets, versus the previous 80% of the cost base of assets in the first year, 50% of the balance (the remaining 20%) of the tax written down value annually thereafter. Previously an upliftment allowance calculated as being 5% of the cost price of the asset was also granted claimable in the year following the acquisition. This upliftment allowance has expired and is to be abolished. |
| Expenses exclusively incurred on one contracting area or site would no longer be offset against profits from another contracting area or site belonging to the same company in determining the chargeable income for income tax purposes (The mechanics of this change still need to be defined by the Ghanaian tax authorities). |
| Expiration of the National Fiscal Stabilisation Levy of 5%. |
217
In addition, the following further amendments have been proposed:
| A windfall profit tax of 10% on mining companies. The 10% is expected to be calculated based on an adjusted cash balance method, which is yet to be defined. |
| Capital gains tax on the appreciation in the value of companies whose ownerships are transferred or changed. |
| The introduction of transfer pricing regulations to strengthen existing legislation to deal with taxation of multinational companies and minimize the incidence of tax avoidance through Transfer Pricing. Transfer Pricing refers to the setting, analysis, documentation and adjustment of charges made between related parties for goods, services or use of property. |
South Africa
During the budget speech in February 2012, the Minister of Finance announced that STC will be abolished resulting in the abolishment of the STC inclusive Gold mining formula. The result is that there will now only be one Gold Mining formula with effect from January 1, 2012.
The formula being: y = a (ab/x), where:
y = the tax rate to be determined;
a = the marginal tax rate of either 34% or 43% (depending on the STC election);
b = the portion of tax-free revenue (currently the first 5%); and
x = the ratio of taxable income to the total income.
Gold Fields has evaluated the Ghanaian and South African tax changes and consider the adjustments required for these to be enacted subsequent to December 31, 2011, therefore no adjustments were made for these tax changes at the fiscal year end.
Far Southeast Project
On March 22, 2012, Gold Fields exercised its 40% option in the gold-copper Far Southeast Project, or FSE, in the Philippines after making a $110 million payment. Please See Information on the GroupDevelopments since June 30, 2010 for further information.
Trend and Outlook
The trend and outlook below are based on management accounts, which are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards.
Gold production for the first quarter of the fiscal year ending December 31, 2012 is forecast to be 827,000 gold equivalent ounces, which, taking into account seasonal variances, underpins the production forecast for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2012 of between 3.5 million attributable equivalent ounces and 3.7 million attributable equivalent ounces. On an IFRS basis, the total cash cost is estimated at U.S.$875 per ounce and operational NCE is estimated at U.S.$1,285 per ounce. These estimates are based on an average exchange rate of R7.77 per U.S.$1.00 and U.S.$1.05 per A$1.00.
Gold production for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2012 is forecast between 3.5 million attributable equivalent ounces and 3.7 million attributable equivalent ounces. On an IFRS basis, the total cost is estimated at U.S.$860 per ounce and operational NCE is estimated at U.S.$1,300 per ounce. the capital projects group is anticipating to spend between U.S.$40 per ounce and U.S.$70 per ounce on realization costs of projects, including drilling, feasibility studies and early-work capital expenditure on Gold Fields advanced projects. This estimate is based on an average exchange rate of R8.00 per U.S.$1.00 and U.S.$1.00 per A$1.00.
The above is an estimate subject to change based on a number of factors. For further information on these factors, see Forward Looking Statements and Risk Factors. The estimated financial information has not been reviewed and reported on by Gold Fields auditors.
218
ITEM 6: DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
Directors
Gold Fields directors and their ages and positions are:
Name |
Age |
Position |
Term Expires(1) | |||||||
Mamphela Ramphele |
64 | Non-executive Chair | May 2013 | |||||||
Nicholas J. Holland |
53 | Executive Director and Chief Executive Officer | | |||||||
Paul A. Schmidt |
44 | Executive Director and Chief Financial Officer | | |||||||
Rupert L. Pennant-Rea |
64 | Non-executive Director | May 2013 | |||||||
Kofi Ansah |
67 | Non-executive Director | May 2014 | |||||||
Donald M. J. Ncube |
64 | Non-executive Director | May 2013 | |||||||
David N. Murray |
67 | Non-executive Director | May 2013 | |||||||
Gayle M. Wilson |
67 | Non-executive Director | May 2013 | |||||||
Richard P. Menell |
56 | Non-executive Director | May 2012 | |||||||
Cheryl A. Carolus |
53 | Non-executive Director | May 2012 | |||||||
Roberto Dañino |
61 | Non-executive Director | May 2012 | |||||||
Alan R. Hill |
69 | Non-executive Director | May 2012 | |||||||
Matthews S. Moloko(2) |
46 | Non-executive Director | May 2014 | |||||||
Delfin L. Lazaro(3) |
66 | Non-executive Director | May 2012 |
Notes:
(1) | Terms expire on the date of the annual general meeting in that year. |
(2) | Matthews S. Moloko joined the Board on February 25, 2011 as Non-executive Director. |
(3) | Delfin L. Lazaro joined the Board on June 1, 2011 as a Non-Executive Director. |
Chris I. von Christierson retired as a non-executive director with effect from May 17, 2011.
Directors and Executive Officers
The Memorandum of Incorporation of Gold Fields provide that the Board must consist of no less than four and no more than 15 directors at any time. The Board currently consists of two executive directors and 12 non-executive directors, all of whom are independent.
The Memorandum of Incorporation of Gold Fields provide that the longest serving one-third of directors must retire from office at each annual general meeting of Gold Fields. Retiring directors normally make themselves available for re-election and are re-elected at the annual general meeting at which they retire. Executive directors may be appointed as directors by contract with Gold Fields for a maximum period of five years at any one time. The number of directors serving under these contracts must at all times be less than one-half of the total number of directors in office. Gold Fields current executive directors are appointed to their positions as directors by contract.
According to the Memorandum of Incorporation, the Board may meet as it sees fit and set its own policies for adjourning and otherwise regulating meetings. Any director may call for a meeting at any time by requesting the company secretary to convene a meeting. The Memorandum of Incorporation further provide for the following:
| no director may vote on any contract or arrangement in which the director is interested. If the director votes on a transaction in which the director is interested, the directors vote will not be counted. An interested director, with certain exceptions, will not be counted for the purpose of determining a |
219
quorum for a meeting in which the Board is voting on a resolution in which the director is interested. However, a director who owns ordinary shares may vote his ordinary shares at a general meeting of shareholders in a transaction in which the director is interested; |
| a director may not vote as a director to determine his own compensation. The shareholders in a general meeting determine the fees for directors from time to time. Any additional compensation, including compensation for additional services performed by the director for Gold Fields business or for other positions in Gold Fields or its subsidiaries, must be determined by a quorum of directors whose compensation would not be affected by the decision; and |
| the directors are not required to hold shares in Gold Fields, although a shareholding qualification may be imposed at any meeting of the shareholders. |
The Memorandum of Incorporation does not provide for a mandatory retirement age for directors. However, Gold Fields Board charter specifies the retirement age to be 72 years of age.
Some of Gold Fields executive officers and executive directors are members of the boards of directors of various of its subsidiaries.
Under Section 303A.11 of the New York Stock Exchange Company Manual, or the NYSE Listing Standards, foreign private issuers such as Gold Fields must disclose any significant ways in which their corporate governance practices differ from those followed by U.S. listed companies under the NYSE Listing Standards. Disclosure of the significant ways in which Gold Fields corporate governance practices differ from practices followed by U.S. companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange can be found in Item 16G of this report.
The business address of all the directors and executive officers of Gold Fields is 150 Helen Road, Sandown, Sandton, 2196 South Africa, the address of Gold Fields head office.
Executive Directors
Nicholas J. Holland. BCom, BAcc, Witwatersrand; CA (SA). Executive Director and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Holland has been an Executive Director of Gold Fields since April 14, 1998 and became Chief Executive Officer on May 1, 2008. He served as Executive Director of Finance from April 1998. On April 15, 2002, his title changed to Chief Financial Officer until April 30, 2008. Mr. Holland has more than 30 years experience in financial management and over 22 years of experience in the mining industry. Prior to joining Gold Fields he was Financial Director and Senior Manager of Corporate Finance of Gencor Limited. He is also an alternate director of Rand Refinery Limited.
Paul A. Schmidt. BCom, Witwatersrand; BCompt (Hons), UNISA; CA (SA). Executive Director, Chief Financial Officer. Mr Schmidt was appointed Chief Financial Officer on January 1, 2009 and joined the Board on November 6, 2009. Prior to this, Mr. Schmidt was acting Chief Financial Officer from May 1, 2008. Prior to this appointment, Mr Schmidt was financial controller for Gold Fields from April 1, 2003. He has more than 16 years experience in the mining industry. Mr Schmidt holds no other directorships.
Non-executive Directors
Mamphela A. Ramphele. MBCHB, University of Natal; PhD in Social Anthropology, University of South Africa; BCom Admin University of South Africa. Diploma in Tropical Health and Hygiene and Diploma in Public Health, University of Witwatersrand. Chair of the Board. Dr. Ramphele was appointed non-executive Deputy Chair of the Board of Gold Fields on July 1, 2010 and was appointed Chair on November 2, 2010. She is the Founder of Letsema Circle, a Cape Town based specialist Transformation Advisory Company in both the public and private sector; and a director of Remgro, Anglo American plc and Medi-Clinic. She previously served as a Managing Director of the World Bank from May 2000 to July 2004, with responsibility for human development activities and the World Bank Institute, which provides training and learning for both staff and
220
clients. Dr. Ramphele served as Co-Chair on the Global Commission for International Migration (GCIM) between 2004 and 2005. Prior to joining the World Bank, she was Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cape Town, a post she took up in 1996, having joined the university as a research fellow in 1986.
Rupert L. Pennant-Rea. BA, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland; MA, University of Manchester, UK. Mr. Pennant-Rea has been a Director of Gold Fields since July 1, 2002. He is Chairman of Henderson Group Plc and The Economist Newspaper Limited and is a Director of Hochschild Mining Plc, Go-Ahead Group, Times Newspaper Holdings Limited and a number of other companies. Previously, Mr. Pennant-Rea was editor of The Economist and Deputy Governor of the Bank of England.
Kofi Ansah. BSc (Mechanical Engineering) UST Ghana; MSc (Metallurgy) Georgia Institute of Technology, USA. Mr. Ansah was appointed a Director of Gold Fields on March 4, 2004. He is a Director of Ecobank (Ghana) Limited.
Donald M. J. Ncube. BA Economics and Political Science, Fort Hare University; Post Graduate Diploma in Labor Relations, Strathclyde University, Scotland; Graduate MSc Manpower Studies, University of Manchester, UK, Diploma in Financial Management; Honorary Doctorate in Commerce, University of Transkei. Mr. Ncube was appointed a Director of Gold Fields on February 15, 2006. Previously, he was an alternate Director of Anglo American Industrial Corporation Limited and Anglo American Corporation of South Africa Limited, a Director of AngloGold Ashanti Limited as well as Non-Executive Chairman of South African Airways. He is currently Chairman of Badimo Gas (Pty) Limited. He serves on the boards of various other companies.
David N. Murray. BA Hons Econ; MBA (UCT). Mr. Murray joined the Board on January 1, 2008. He has more than 38 years experience in the mining industry and has been Chief Executive Officer of Rio Tinto Portugal, Rio Tinto Brazil, TVX Gold Inc., Avgold Limited and Avmin Limited. He is a non-executive Director of Ivernia, Inc.
Gayle M. Wilson. BCom, BCompt (Hons); CA (SA). Mrs. Wilson was appointed a Director on August 1, 2008. She was previously an audit partner at Ernst & Young for 16 years where her main focus was on mining clients. In 1998, she was involved in AngloGold Ashanti Limiteds listing on the NYSE and in 2001 she took over as the lead partner on the global audit. Other mining clients during her career include Northam Platinum Limited, Aquarius Platinum Limited, Anglovaal Mining Limited (now African Rainbow Minerals Limited) and certain Anglo Platinum operations. She is a non-executive Director of Witwatersrand Consolidated Gold Resources Limited.
Richard P. Menell. BA (Hons), MA (Natural Sciences, Geology), Trinity College, Cambridge, UK; M.Sc. (Mineral Exploration and Management), Stanford University, California, USA. Mr. Menell has been a Director of Gold Fields since October 8, 2008. He has over 34 years experience in the mining industry. Previously, he has been the President and Member of the Chamber of Mines of South Africa, President and Chief Executive Officer of TEAL Exploration & Mining Inc., and Executive Chairman of Anglovaal Mining Limited and Avgold Limited. He is also a senior advisor to Credit Suisse, a Director of Weir Group Plc and various other companies.
Cheryl A. Carolus. BA Law; Bachelor of Education, University of the Western Cape. Ms. Carolus has been a director of Gold Fields since March 10, 2009. Ms. Carolus is an Executive Chairperson of Peotona Group Holdings. In 2009, she was appointed Chairperson of the Board of South African Airways and served on a number of listed and unlisted companies. Ms. Carolus has previously held senior leadership positions in the liberation movement in South Africa and in the African National Congress, or ANC. She has served as Deputy Secretary General under Nelson Mandela, and helped to negotiate the new South African constitution and coordinate the drafting of post-apartheid ANC policy. She served as South Africas High Commissioner to the United Kingdom from 1998 to 2001 and was the CEO of SA Tourism from 2001 to 2004. She was Chairperson of South African National Parks Board for six years and currently serves on the boards of other public and private companies, including the World Wildlife Fund. She also works with NGOs focused on young people at risk and conflict prevention.
221
Roberto Dañino. LLM, Harvard Law School; Bachelor of Law and Attorney, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Mr. Dañino has been a director of Gold Fields since March 10, 2009. He served as Prime Minister of Peru from 2001 to 2002 and Ambassador of Peru to the United States from 2002 to 2003. From 2003 to 2006, Mr Dañino was the Senior Vice President and General Counsel of the World Bank Group as well as Secretary General of the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes. He was also the founding General Counsel of the Inter-American Investment Corporation, the private sector affiliate of the Inter-American Development Bank. Mr. Dañino sits on various corporate and non-profit boards, both in Peru and the United States, including La Cima in Peru. On January 1, 2011, he was appointed Executive Director of Fosfatos del Pacifico S.A. Mr Dañino is a Peruvian lawyer who has practiced for over 30 years as a partner of leading law firms in Lima and Washington, DC. Mr Dañino is currently the Deputy Chairman of the Board of Hochschild Mining Plc.
Alan R. Hill. B.Sc (Hons), M. Phil (Rock Mechanics), Leeds University, UK. Mr Hill joined the Board on August 21, 2009. From 2004 to 2007, Mr Hill was the non-executive chairman of Alamos Gold Limited and, from 2005 to 2009, he held the position of President and CEO of Gabriel Resources Limited. Both companies are involved in gold exploration and development. Mr Hills mining career started on the Zambian Copperbelt, following which he joined Noranda, Inc. where he managed gold and nickel mines. He worked as a consultant for a short period, before joining Camflo Mines in 1981, which merged with Barrick Gold in 1984. Mr Hill joined Barrick as part of the merger and spent 19 years with Barrick and was instrumental in its considerable growth, having played a pivotal role in its various merger and acquisition initiatives through the years. He retired from Barrick in 2003 as its Executive Vice President, Development.
Matthews Sello Moloko. BSc (Hons) and Certificate in Education, University of Leicester, Advanced Management Programme, Wharton. Mr. Moloko was appointed a director of Gold Fields on February 25, 2011. He is the executive Chair, founder and shareholder of Thesele Group and non-executive Chair of Alexander Forbes Group. He has worked at a number of financial services companies, including Brait and Old Mutual, where he was CEO of Old Mutual Asset Management until 2004. Other directorships include Sycom Property Fund and Aucap Limited. He is chairman of the Nelson Mandela Foundation Investment Committee.
Delfin Lapus Lazaro. BS Metallurgical Engineering, University of Philippines, MBA, Harvard Graduate School of Business. Mr Lazaro was appointed a director of Gold Fields on June 1, 2011. He also serves on the Board of Ayala Corporation, The Insular Life Assurance Company Ltd. and Manila Water Company, Inc., amongst other companies. He served as the President and CEO of Globe Telecom from 1996 to 1998. Prior to this, he was head of the Philippines Department of Energy and served as the Chairman of various entities from 1992 to 1994. He started his working career at Benguet Corporation in 1975 as a Treasurer and held various other positions in the organization until he was appointed Vice Chairman; he served in this role from 1989 to 1992.
Former Non-executive Directors
Chris I. von Christierson. BCom, Rhodes; MA, Cambridge, UK. Mr. von Christierson has been a Director of Gold Fields since May 10, 1999. As a result of a takeover by Lundin Mining, he stepped down as the Chairman of Rio Narcea Gold Mines Limited on July 18, 2007. He is currently a Director of Southern Prospecting (UK) Limited and director of Platmin Limited. Mr. von Christierson retired as a non-executive director on May 17, 2011.
Executive Officers
James W. D. Dowsley (54). BSc (Mining Engineering), Witwatersrand. Senior Vice President and Head of Corporate Development. Mr. Dowsley was General Manager of Corporate Development at Gold Fields since March 1998. On April 15, 2002, Mr. Dowsleys title changed to Senior Vice President, Corporate Development. Prior to his appointment as General Manager of Corporate Development, Mr. Dowsley served as General Manager of New Business, and also as Manager of the Mineral Economics Division of Gold Fields of South Africa Limited.
222
Michael D. Fleischer (51). BProc, University of Witwatersrand. Admitted as attorney of the High Court of South Africa in 1991, Advanced Taxation Certificate, University of South Africa. Executive Vice President, General Counsel. Mr. Fleischer was appointed to his current position of Executive Vice President, General Counsel on November 1, 2006. Prior to his appointment, Mr. Fleischer was a partner in the corporate services department at Webber Wentzel, one of the leading South African law firms. Mr. Fleischer has a wide range of experience in mergers and acquisitions, commercial transactions, mining law and stock exchange transactions. In 2005, he was ranked as one of South Africas leading commercial lawyers by Chambers Global.
Tommy D. McKeith (48). BSc. Hons (Geology), GDE (Mining) and MBA, University of the Witwatersrand (South Africa). Executive Vice President, Head of Growth and International Projects. Mr. McKeith was appointed Executive Vice President, Head of Growth and International Projects on July 1, 2011. Prior to this, he served as Executive Vice President, Head of Exploration and Business Development since October 1, 2007. Prior to rejoining Gold Fields in October 2007, he served as Chief Executive Officer for Troy Resources NL. From August 2004 until January 2006, he was Vice President of Business Development at Gold Fields. Before joining Troy, he worked for over 17 years with Gold Fields and its predecessors in various mine geology, exploration and business development positions. Mr. McKeith has 20 years of experience in business development, mining and exploration geology in the international mining sector. He is a Fellow of the AusIMM and SEG.
Peter L. Turner (54). National Higher Diploma (NHD) Vaal Triangle Technikon SA, Mechanical Engineering; South African Mine Manager Certificate of CompetencyMetalliferous; South African Mechanical Engineers Certificate of Competency. Executive Vice President, Head of South Africa region. Mr Turner was appointed as Executive Vice President, Head of South Africa region on August 8, 2011 and previously served as Executive Vice President, Head of West Africa since August 1, 2009. He moved to Ghana in 2008 when he was appointed Vice President of Operations and before that he was the head of the Kloof mine in South Africa from 2005 and later the Driefontein mine. Prior to joining Gold Fields in 2005, he was Managing Director of Geita Gold Mining Limited in Tanzania from 2002 to 2005 and, before that, General Manager of East and West Africa region for AngloGold Ashanti where he spent the majority of his career. He progressed through the ranks, starting as an engineering trainee at Vaal Reefs in 1975, later spending time in various managerial positions at numerous gold mining operations. Mr Turner has more than 34 years of experience in the mining industry.
Juan L. Kruger (41). Bachelor degree in Business and Finance, Universidad del Pacifico; MBA, Harvard Business School. Executive Vice President, Head of Operations for South America. Mr. Kruger was appointed as Executive Vice President, Head of Operations for South America on August 1, 2009. He has over 15 years of broad experience in corporate finance, strategic planning and general management in the mining, consumer goods, airline, telecommunications and financial services industries in South America. Mr. Kruger joined Gold Fields in October 2007 as Senior Vice President and country manager for the Peruvian Operations, and led the start-up team at Cerro Corona. As of April 2008, he assumed responsibilities for the South American region. From 2001 to 2004, Mr. Kruger was the Chief Financial and Strategy Officer for Telefonica and, from 2004 to 2006, he was employed by Glencore A.G. where he was in charge of managing Empresa Minera Los Quenales and Perubar S.A. Prior to joining the company, Mr. Kruger has also held senior management positions for LAN Airlines, McKinsey & Co. and Procter & Gamble in South America.
Richard M. Weston (59). FAIMM, CPEng, IEA. MSc Mining Geomechanics, UNSW; GDM, UCQ; BE (Civil), Sydney University. Executive Vice President, Head of Australasia. Mr Weston was appointed to the position of Executive Vice President, Head of Australasia on May 1, 2010. He was formerly Senior Vice-President, Operations for Coeur dAlene Mines Corporation, a gold and silver mining company based in Idaho in the United States. Before joining Coeur, he lead the site team responsible for the development of Barrick Australias Cowal gold project and prior to that he headed operations at Rio Tinto Australias ERA Ranger and Jabiluka uranium mines in the Northern Territory.
Naseem Chohan (51). BE (Electronic), University of Limerick. Senior Vice President, Sustainable Development. Mr. Chohan was appointed to the position of Senior Vice President, Sustainable Development on
223
September 13, 2010. Mr. Chohan was previously self-employed as a consultant to various companies and, prior to that, spent 25 years at De Beers. When he left DeBeers in 2009, he was acting as Group Consultant, Sustainability and ECOHS (Environment, Community, Occupational Health and Hygiene and Safety).
Zakira Amra (30). BCom. University of Natal. Senior Vice President: Head of Corporate Affairs and Investor Relations. Ms. Amra was appointed Senior Vice President: Head of Corporate Affairs and Investor Relations on April 18, 2011. She joined Gold Fields from Barclays Capital where she was a senior member of the Mining & Metals team since 2008. Prior to Barclays Capital she was employed at RMB Asset Management since 2007 and Barnard Jacobs Mellet Securities since 2005.
Kgabo Moabelo (41). B.Admin (Honours) in Industrial Psychology, MSc in Engineering Business Management, University of Warwick. Executive Vice President, People and Organizational Effectiveness. Mr Kgabo Moabelo was appointed Executive Vice President, People and Organizational Effectiveness from August 1, 2011. Prior to his appointment, he was the HR Director for Africa and Levant at Cisco Systems, the IT Group from 2008 to 2010. Prior to Cisco Systems he was the Human Resources Director for Standard Bank overseeing the Global Personal and Business Banking, Credit and Support Services from 2005 to 2008. Mr Moabelo has extensive HR experience within the mining and energy industries, having also worked for Anglo Platinum between 1999 and 2005 and Eskom, respectively.
Tim Rowland (51). BSc Hons Geology; MSc Mineral Exploration; GDE Mining Engineering; Pr.Sci.Nat.; FSAIMM; FGSSA; GASA. Executive Vice-President: Group Technical Services. Mr Rowland has 25 years mining industry experience and prior to his appointment as Executive Vice President, Group Technical Services he had been acting Executive Vice-President and Head of the South Africa region, since October 16, 2010. Tim received his BSc (Hons) Geology at the University of Nottingham, UK, in 1982. In 1984 he received his MSc in Mining Geology and Mineral ExplorationPostgraduate at the University of Leicester, UK. During the period of 19862002 he worked at various Anglo American and AngloGold Ashanti Gold Operations and at the AAC Head Office as Technical Assistant, working mainly in the areas of Mine and Exploration Geology, Business Development, Mineral Resource Management and global merger and acquisition due diligences, before joining Gold Fields Limited, Kloof Division as Manager: Mineral Resources and Mine Planning, in July 2002. He was then appointed to Head Office as Group Senior Consultant: Mineral Resources and Mine Planning in 2004 where he was responsible for Mineral Resource Management in Gold Fields and specifically held the position of Group Competent Person for the Mineral Resource and Reserve Reporting process compliance and governance. In October 2008, Tim was appointed as Vice President and Head of the Gold Fields Technical Division for the South African region.
Peet van Schalkwyk (47). BSc (GeoChem), University of Potchefstroom. Diploma in Industrial Relations. Executive Vice President, West Africa. Mr. van Schalkwyk was appointed Executive Vice President, West Africa on September 19, 2011. Prior to his appointment, Mr. van Schalkwyk was the General Manager of Alamos Gold Incorporated since March 2010. Prior to that, he was General Manager at both Tarkwa and Damang (from April 2007 to March 2010). Before joining Gold Fields, Mr. van Schalkwyk held various positions with AngloGold Ashanti Ltd, Harmony Gold Mining Co. Ltd. and Anglo American Corporation.
Former Executive Officers
Jan W. Jacobsz (51). BA, University of Johannesburg (previously Rand Afrikaans University). Senior Vice President, Head of Investor Relations and Corporate Affairs. Mr. Jacobsz was appointed Senior Vice President, Head of Investor Relations and Corporate Affairs on April 15, 2002. Mr. Jacobsz also held the portfolio of Sustainable Development from 2002 to 2005. Prior to that, Mr. Jacobsz was Senior Manager of Investor Relations and Corporate Affairs, Program Manager of the Group Transformation Program at Gold Fields of South Africa Limited, and Administrator of the Gold Fields Foundation. Following the appointment of Ms. Zakira Amra as Senior Vice President: Head of Corporate Affairs and Investor Relations on May 3, 2011, Mr. Jacobsz stepped down from the executive committee to assume the role of Senior Vice President, Investor Relations (North America).
224
Ben Zikmundovsky (62). Bachelor of Science, Mechanical Engineering, University of Technology, Prague, Czech Republic; Diploma in Business Management. Executive Vice President, Head of International Capital Projects and International Technical Services. Mr. Zikmundovsky was appointed as Executive Vice President, Head of International Capital Projects and International Technical Services on August 1, 2009. He held the position of Business Manager with Bechtel Australia from 1999 to 2002 and was the Managing DirectorAfrica of GRD Minproc Limited from 2002 until he joined the company. Mr Zikmundovsky has over 30 years experience in the development of companies, operations and projects in the mining, mineral processing, construction and equipment industries on the African continent, in South America, the former Soviet Union countries, the Middle East and in Europe. He started his career in 1973 as a project design engineer for Roberts Union Corporation (RUC) in South Africa. Mr. Zikmundovsky resigned July 31, 2011.
Company Secretary
Cain Farrel (62). FCIS, MBA, Southern Cross University, Australia. Mr. Farrel was appointed Company Secretary on May 1, 2003. Mr. Farrel is past President and a former Director of the Southern African Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators. Previously, Mr. Farrel served as Senior Divisional Secretary of Anglo American Corporation of South Africa.
Board of Directors Committees
In order to ensure good corporate governance, the Board has formed an Audit Committee, a Remuneration Committee, a Nominating and Governance Committee a Safety, a Health and Sustainable Development Committee, a Capital Projects Control and Review Committee and a Social & Ethics Committee. All the committees are comprised exclusively of Non-executive Directors. All committees are chaired by an independent Non-executive Director. The remuneration of Non-executive Directors for their service on the various committees has been approved by the shareholders.
The Audit Committee monitors and reviews Gold Fields accounting controls and procedures, including the effectiveness of the Groups information systems and other systems of internal control; the effectiveness of the internal audit function; reports of both external and internal auditors; quarterly reports, the Form 20-F, annual report and the annual financial statements; the accounting policies of the Group and any proposed revisions thereto; external audit findings, reports and fees, and the approval thereof; and compliance with applicable legislation and requirements of regulatory authorities and Gold Fields Code of Ethics. Membership of the Audit Committee is as follows:
Gayle M. Wilson (chair)
Rupert L. Pennant-Rea
Donald M. J. Ncube
Richard P. Menell
Matthews S. Moloko
The Remuneration Committee establishes the compensation philosophy of Gold Fields and the terms and conditions of employment of Executive Directors and other executive officers. Membership of the Remuneration Committee is as follows:
Rupert L. Pennant-Rea (chair)
Gayle M. Wilson
Donald M. J. Ncube
Dr. Mamphela A. Ramphele
The Safety, Health and Sustainable Development Committee reviews adherence to occupational health, safety and environmental standards by Gold Fields. The Committee seeks to minimize mining-related accidents,
225
to ensure that the Companys operations are in compliance with all environmental regulations and to establish policy in respect of HIV/AIDS and health matters. Membership of the Safety, Health and Sustainable Development Committee is as follows:
David N. Murray (chair)
Kofi Ansah
Cheryl A. Carolus
Roberto Dañino
Richard P. Menell
Mamphela A. Ramphele
The Nominating and Governance Committee develops and implements policy on corporate governance issues, develops the policy and process for evaluating nominations to the Board of Directors, identifies successors to the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and considers selection and rotation of the Board committee members. Membership of the Nominating and Governance Committee is as follows:
Mamphela A. Ramphele (chair)
Rupert L. Pennant-Rea
Kofi Ansah
Roberto Dañino
The Capital Projects Control and Review Committee was established on May 1, 2009 as a sub-committee to satisfy the Board that Gold Fields has used appropriate and efficient methodologies and has adequate controls in place in respect of new capital projects proposed by management in excess of R1.5 billion or U.S.$200 million. These projects are reviewed from inception to completion and the committee makes recommendations to management as it considers appropriate. Membership of the Capital Projects Control and Review Committee is as follows:
Richard P. Menell (chair)
Gayle M. Wilson
Alan R. Hill
David N. Murray
Delfin L. Lazaro
The Social & Ethics Committee was established on November 29, 2011 and is responsible for ensuring, among other things, that Gold Fields discharges its statutory duties in respect of section 72 of Companies Act 71 of 2008 (as amended) and its regulations. The members of the committee include the chairs of the Audit Committee, Remuneration Committee, the Safety, Health and Sustainable Development Committee and the Nominating and Governance Committee.
Roberto Dañino (chair)
David N. Murray
Rupert L. Pennant-Rea
Mamphela A. Ramphele
Gayle M. Wilson
226
Executive Committee
Gold Fields Executive Committee meets on a regular basis to discuss and make decisions on strategic and operating issues facing Gold Fields. The composition of the Executive Committee is as follows:
Nicholas J. Holland |
Chairman | |
Paul A. Schmidt |
Chief Financial Officer | |
Kgabo F. L. Moabelo |
Executive Vice PresidentPeople and Organizational Effectiveness | |
James W. D. Dowsley |
Senior Vice PresidentCorporate Development | |
Tommy D. McKeith |
Executive Vice PresidentGrowth and International Projects | |
Peter L. Turner |
Executive Vice PresidentSouth African Operations | |
Peet van Schalkwyk |
Executive Vice PresidentWest African Operations | |
Juan L. Kruger |
Executive Vice PresidentSouth American Operations | |
Zakira Amra |
Senior Vice PresidentInvestor Relations and Corporate Affairs | |
Richard M. Weston |
Executive Vice PresidentAustralasia Operations | |
Michael D. Fleischer |
Executive Vice PresidentGeneral Counsel | |
Naseem Chohan |
Senior Vice PresidentSustainable Development | |
Tim Rowland |
Executive Vice PresidentGroup Technical Services | |
Cain Farrel |
Company Secretary (In attendance) |
Regional Executive Management Committees
Each of Gold Fields four operating regions (South Africa, Australasia, West Africa and South America) has a Regional Executive Management Committee. Gold Fields also has a Growth and International Projects Committee and a Group Technical Services Committee.
South African Regional Executive Management Committee composition:
Peter L. Turner |
Executive Vice President and Head of South African Operations | |
Paddy Govender |
Vice PresidentCommercial Services | |
Koos Barnard |
Senior Vice PresidentKloof/Driefontein Complex | |
Reg Naidoo |
Head of FinanceSouth African Operations | |
Ben Haumann |
Vice President and Head of OperationsBeatrix | |
Ken Matthysen |
Vice President and Head of OperationsSouth Deep | |
Stuart Allan |
Vice PresidentSouth Deep Project | |
Morapedi Mutloane |
Head of Human ResourcesSouth African Operations | |
Johan Britz |
Head of Strategy Management | |
Phillip Jacobs |
Head of Sustainable Development | |
Karel Opperman |
Head of Engineering, Environmental Engineering and Capital | |
Gerhard van Vuuren |
Senior ManagerMineral Resources | |
David Taunyane |
Head of Processing |
Australasian Regional Executive Management Committee composition:
Richard M. Weston |
Executive Vice President and Head of Australasia Operations | |
Tim Gilbert |
Vice-President of Operations for Australia | |
Ted Lambourne |
General ManagerSt. Ives | |
Wimpie Du Toit |
Head of Human ResourcesAustralasia | |
Alex Munt |
Head of FinanceAustralasia | |
Philip Woodhouse |
Head of Sustainable DevelopmentAustralasia | |
Ross Calnan |
Head of Operations Support and TechnologyAustralasia | |
Ben Ludik |
Head of Contracts and Supply ChainAustralasia |
227
West African Regional Executive Management Committee composition:
Peet van Schalkwyk |
Executive Vice President and Head of West African Operations | |
Alfred Baku |
Vice President and Head of Ghana Operations | |
Marnu Lombaard |
Vice President Technical Services | |
Machiel van der Merwe |
General ManagerTarkwa | |
Christofell Vilijoen |
General ManagerDamang | |
Gary Hamman |
Head of FinanceWest Africa | |
Dawie Strydom |
Head of Human ResourcesWest Africa | |
Errol Drake |
Head of ProjectsWest Africa | |
Dr. Gwendolyn Wellman |
Head of Sustainable DevelopmentWest Africa | |
Johan Joubert |
Regional Protection Services Manager |
South American Regional Executive Management Committee composition:
Juan Luis Kruger |
Executive Vice President and Head of South American Operations | |
Manuel Diaz |
General ManagerCerro Corona | |
Alberto Cardenas |
Strategic Planning ManagerPeru | |
Rodolfo Michels |
Corporate CFO | |
Miguel Inchaustegui |
Vice PresidentSustainable Development | |
Ralph Alosilla-Velasco |
Corporate ManagerLogistics and Commercial |
Growth and International Projects Committee composition:
Tommy D McKeith |
Executive Vice President Growth and International Projects | |
Nate H Brewer |
Senior Vice President Greenfields Exploration | |
Mike P Nelson |
Vice President International Projects | |
Ed J Baltis |
Vice President Project Generation | |
Matt E Dusci |
Vice President Concept and Studies | |
Justin Osborne |
Vice President Development Strategy | |
Diego Ortega |
Vice President Sustainable Development | |
Michael J Botha |
Vice President Strategic Projects | |
Vinit Desai |
Head of Finance: Growth and International Projects | |
Conrad Mtshali |
Head of Human Resources: Growth and International Projects | |
Ashley McDonald |
Head of Legal and Commercial: Growth and International Projects |
Group Technical Services Committee composition:
Tim Rowland |
Executive Vice President Group Technical Services | |
Kevin Robertson |
Head: Mineral Resource Management and Mine Planning | |
Jacques van Rensburg |
Head: Engineering and Heavy Mining Equipment (HME) | |
Robert van Niekerk |
Head: Mining and Geotechnical | |
Philip Engelbrecht |
Head: Metallurgy and Processing | |
Paul Lucey |
Head: Technology and Innovation | |
Jan Du Plessis |
Head: Energy and Carbon Management | |
Andries Leuschner |
Senior Consultant: Mining Innovations | |
Jan van Niekerk |
Senior Consultant: BIOX® and ASTER |
Compensation of Directors and Senior Management
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, the aggregate compensation paid or payable to directors and senior management of Gold Fields as a group was approximately Rand 135.7 million, including all salaries, fees, bonuses and contributions during such period to provide pension, retirement or similar benefits for directors and senior management of Gold Fields, of which Rand 5.4 million was due to pension scheme contributions and life insurance, Rand 64.3 million was due to bonus and performance-related payments, Rand 3.6 million was expenses and Rand 50.1 million was due to salary payments.
228
The following table presents information regarding the compensation paid by Gold Fields for the year ended December 31, 2011 to its directors and executive officers:
Directors fees | Committee fee |
Salary | Total Performance Pay(1) |
Pension Scheme Contributions |
Expenses | Total(2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(in Rand) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Executive Directors |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nicholas J. Holland |
| | 7,504,399.16 | 22,718,843.25 | 1,294,400.00 | 1,180,966.67 | 32,698,609.08 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Paul A. Schmidt |
| | 4,032,960.76 | 3,596,305.00 | 478,500.00 | 685,526.33 | 8,793,292.09 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Executive officers |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Zakira Amra |
| | 1,434,232.18 | 544,400.00 | 188,160.00 | 24,712.00 | 2,191,504.18 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Naseem Chohan |
| | 2,048,109.90 | 816,600.00 | 329,280.00 | 84,924.00 | 3,278,913.90 | |||||||||||||||||||||
James W. D. Dowsley |
| | 2,885,828.50 | 3,473,432.05 | 718,200.00 | 131,028.00 | 7,208,488.55 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Michael D. Fleischer(3) |
| | 4,230,765.27 | 5,931,071.00 | 696,064.20 | 314,387.00 | 11,172,287.47 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Juan L. Kruger(3) |
| | 3,887,360.67 | 9,233,560.99 | | 811,905.09 | 13,932,826.75 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Tommy D. McKeith(3) |
| | 5,945,642.50 | 5,854,476.90 | 196,225.51 | | 11,996,344.91 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Kgabo Moabelo |
| | 2,835,213.35 | 1,118,600.00 | 386,620.00 | 71,292.00 | 4,411,725.35 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Tim Rowland |
| | 2,848,645.96 | 3,170,144.65 | 304,000,00 | 65,220.00 | 6,388,010.61 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Peet van Schalkwyk |
| | 1,920,207.13 | 1,689,292.59 | | | 3,609,499.72 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Peter L. Turner |
| | 5,871,443.04 | 3,978,305.00 | 298,387.10 | 48,605.00 | 10,196,740.14 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Richard M. Weston |
| | 4,709,419.84 | 2,213,832.57 | 544,291.20 | 23,547.10 | 7,491,090.71 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Non-executive Directors |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mamphela Ramphele |
2,100,000.00 | | | | | 2,406.53 | 2,102,406.53 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Kofi Ansah |
708,000.00 | 199,999.92 | | | | | 907,999.92 | |||||||||||||||||||||
David N. Murray |
708,000.00 | 258,000.00 | | | | | 966,000.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Donald M. J. Ncube |
708,000.00 | 230,083.27 | | | | 59,278.33 | 997,361.60 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Rupert L. Pennant-Rea |
708,000.00 | 355,583.28 | | | | | 1,063,583.28 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Chris I. von Christierson(4) |
268,354.84 | 135,693.52 | | | | | 404,048.36 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Cheryl A. Carolus |
708,000.00 | 99,999.96 | | | | | 807,999.96 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Roberto Dañino |
708,000.00 | 158,333.27 | | | | | 866,333.27 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Richard P. Menell |
708,000.00 | 388,083.27 | | | | | 1,096,083.27 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Gayle M. Wilson |
708,000.00 | 434,749.88 | | | | | 1,142,749.88 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Delfin L. Lazaro(5) |
413,000.00 | 41,004.55 | | | | | 454,004.55 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Alan R. Hill |
708,000.00 | 99,999.96 | | | | | 807,999.96 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Matthews S. Moloko(6) |
599,698.65 | 77,583.31 | | | | 58,078.33 | 735,360.29 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Total |
9,753,053.49 | 2,479,114.19 | 50,154,228.26 | 64,338,864.00 | 5,434,128.01 | 3,561,876.38 | 135,721,264.33 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes:
(1) | Bonuses are for fiscal 2011 performance, to be paid in fiscal 2012. These amounts include all share transactions during fiscal 2011 under the GF Management Incentive Scheme and Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan. |
(2) | These amounts reflect the full Directors emoluments in Rand, for comparative purposes. The portion of Executive Directors emoluments payable in U.S. dollars are paid in terms of agreements with offshore subsidiaries for work done by such Directors offshore for offshore companies. The total U.S. dollar amounts paid for fiscal 2011 were as follows: Nicholas J. Holland $320,324, Paul A. Schmidt $86,000 and Michael D. Fleischer US$73,661. |
(3) | One of the three most highly paid employees who are not Directors. |
(4) | Retired May 17, 2011. |
229
(5) | Appointed June 1, 2011. |
(6) | Appointed February 25, 2011. |
Share options and restricted shares outstanding and held by directors, former directors, executive officers and former executive officers as of December 31, 2011 were, to the knowledge of Gold Fields management, as follows:
Name |
Options to purchase ordinary shares |
Share Appreciation Rights (SARS) |
Restricted Shares |
Options/ SARS exercise price |
Expiration/ settlement date(1) | |||||||||||||
(in Rand) | ||||||||||||||||||
Executive Directors |
||||||||||||||||||
Nicholas J Holland |
| 49,000 | | 109.66 | March 2, 2015 | |||||||||||||
| | 71,040 | | March 2, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
| 59,000 | | 89.76 | March 1, 2016 | ||||||||||||||
| 80,800 | | March 1, 2013 | |||||||||||||||
| 38,250 | | 119.15 | March 1, 2017 | ||||||||||||||
| | 52,500 | | March 1, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
Paul A Schmidt |
| 4,500 | | 125.28 | March 24, 2012 | |||||||||||||
| 4,950 | | 124.19 | March 1, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
| 6,300 | | 107.59 | March 3, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
| 9,450 | | 103.99 | June 2, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
| | 18,750 | | March 2, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
| 14,390 | | 109.66 | March 2, 2015 | ||||||||||||||
| | 7,790 | | June 1, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
| 8,220 | | 103.78 | June 1, 2015 | ||||||||||||||
| 22,350 | | 89.76 | March 1, 2016 | ||||||||||||||
| | 26,250 | | March 1, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
| 25,800 | | 119.15 | March 1, 2017 | ||||||||||||||
| | 32,600 | | March 1, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
Non-executive Directors |
||||||||||||||||||
Chris I von Christierson |
| | 4,100 | | November 4, 2012 | |||||||||||||
Rupert L Pennant-Rea |
| | 4,100 | | November 4, 2012 | |||||||||||||
Kofi Ansah |
| | 4,100 | | November 4, 2012 | |||||||||||||
Donald M J Ncube |
| | 4,100 | | November 4, 2012 | |||||||||||||
David Murray |
| | 4,100 | | November 4, 2012 | |||||||||||||
Cheryl Carolus |
| | 4,100 | | November 4, 2012 | |||||||||||||
Gayle Wilson |
| | 4,100 | | November 4, 2012 | |||||||||||||
Roberto Danino |
| | 4,100 | | November 4, 2012 | |||||||||||||
Richard P Menell |
| | 4,100 | | November 4, 2012 |
230
Name |
Options to purchase ordinary shares |
Share Appreciation Rights (SARS) |
Restricted Shares |
Options/ SARS exercise price |
Expiration/ settlement date(1) | |||||||||||||
(in Rand) | ||||||||||||||||||
Executive Officers |
||||||||||||||||||
James W D Dowsley |
2,300 | | | 93.49 | February 26, 2012 | |||||||||||||
2,300 | | | 93.49 | April 1, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
5,000 | | | 83.18 | March 12, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
2,500 | | | 83.18 | October 10, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
2,500 | | | 76.75 | July 5, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
2,500 | | | 76.75 | October 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
2,500 | | | 76.75 | February 25, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
2,500 | | | 67.93 | October 15, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
5,000 | | | 67.93 | March 3, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
5,000 | | | 63.65 | January 11, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
| | | 63.65 | June 2, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
| 5,925 | | 125.28 | March 24, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
| 5,500 | | 124.19 | March 1, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
| 12,750 | | 107.59 | Mar 3, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
| 12,750 | | 103.99 | June 2, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
| 9,950 | | 109.66 | March 2, 2015 | ||||||||||||||
| | 10,200 | | March 2, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
| 18,000 | | 89.76 | March 1, 2016 | ||||||||||||||
| | 18,525 | | March 1, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
| 12,975 | | 119.15 | March 1, 2017 | ||||||||||||||
| | 13,274 | | March 1, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
Michael D Fleischer |
| 11,067 | | 124.19 | March 1, 2013 | |||||||||||||
| 15,900 | | 107.59 | March 3, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
| 15,900 | | 103.99 | June 2, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
| 20,400 | | 109.66 | March 2, 2015 | ||||||||||||||
| | 23,330 | | March 2, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
| 22,350 | | 89.76 | March 1, 2016 | ||||||||||||||
| | 25,575 | | March 1, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
| 18,225 | | 119.15 | March 1, 2017 | ||||||||||||||
| | 20,850 | | March 1, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
Tommy D McKeith |
| 50,000 | | 121.82 | October 1, 2013 | |||||||||||||
| 10,600 | | 107.59 | March 3, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
| 10,600 | | 103.99 | June 2, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
| 20,400 | | 109.66 | March 2, 2015 | ||||||||||||||
| | 23,330 | | March 2, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
| 22,350 | | 89.76 | March 1, 2016 | ||||||||||||||
| | 25,575 | | March 1, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
| 18,225 | | 119.15 | March 1, 2017 | ||||||||||||||
| | 20,850 | | March 1, 2014 |
231
Name |
Options to purchase ordinary shares |
Share Appreciation Rights (SARS) |
Restricted Shares |
Options/ SARS exercise price |
Expiration/ settlement date(1) | |||||||||||||
(in Rand) | ||||||||||||||||||
Peter L Turner |
15,000 | | | 89.8 | June 22, 2013 | |||||||||||||
| 5,625 | | 125.28 | March 24, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
| 4,800 | | 124.19 | March 1, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
| 8,550 | | 107.59 | March 3, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
| 8,550 | | 103.99 | June 2, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
| 6,650 | | 109.66 | March 2, 2015 | ||||||||||||||
| | 6,850 | | March 2, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
| 5,500 | | 99.87 | September 1, 2015 | ||||||||||||||
| | 6,800 | | September 1, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
| 22,350 | | 89.76 | March 1, 2016 | ||||||||||||||
| | 25,575 | | March 1, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
| 12,150 | | 119.15 | March 1, 2017 | ||||||||||||||
| | 13,900 | | March 1, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
Juan Luis Kruger |
| 10,000 | | 124.09 | October 15, 2013 | |||||||||||||
| 8,500 | | 107.59 | March 3, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
| 8,500 | | 103.99 | June 2, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
| 9,950 | | 109.66 | March 2, 2015 | ||||||||||||||
| | 10,200 | | March 2, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
| 3,600 | | 99.87 | September 1, 2015 | ||||||||||||||
| | 4,800 | | September 1, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
| 22,350 | | 89.76 | March 1, 2016 | ||||||||||||||
| | 25,575 | | March 1, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
| 18,225 | | 119.15 | March 1, 2017 | ||||||||||||||
| | 20,850 | | March 1, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
Richard Weston |
| 10,840 | | 101.48 | June 1, 2016 | |||||||||||||
| | 12,460 | | June 1, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
| 18,225 | | 119.15 | March 1, 2017 | ||||||||||||||
| | 20,850 | | March 1, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
Naseem A. Chohan |
| 4,130 | | 118.35 | December 1, 2016 | |||||||||||||
| | 4,200 | | December 1, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
| 12,975 | | 119.15 | March 1, 2017 | ||||||||||||||
| | 13,275 | | March 1, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
Kgabo F.L. Moabelo |
| 3,440 | | 118.35 | December 1, 2016 | |||||||||||||
| | 3,500 | | December 1, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
| 12,975 | | 119.15 | March 1, 2017 | ||||||||||||||
| | 13,275 | | March 1, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
| 4,156 | | 114.64 | September 1, 2017 | ||||||||||||||
| | 5,643 | | September 1, 2014 |
232
Name |
Options to purchase ordinary shares |
Share Appreciation Rights (SARS) |
Restricted Shares |
Options/ SARS exercise price |
Expiration/ settlement date(1) | |||||||||||||
(in Rand) | ||||||||||||||||||
Timothy W. Rowland |
| 3,000 | | 125.28 | March 24, 2012 | |||||||||||||
| 4,950 | | 124.19 | March 1, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
| 6,300 | | 107.59 | March 3, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
| 9,450 | | 103.99 | June 2, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
| 11,400 | | 109.66 | March 2, 2015 | ||||||||||||||
| 14,400 | | 89.76 | March 1, 2016 | ||||||||||||||
| | 13,390 | | March 1, 2012 | ||||||||||||||
| | 14,775 | | March 1, 2013 | ||||||||||||||
| 11,925 | | 119.15 | March 1, 2017 | ||||||||||||||
| | 12,225 | | March 1, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
| 5,450 | | 114,64 | September 1, 2017 | ||||||||||||||
| | 7,150 | | September 1, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
Peet van Schalkwyk |
| 4,400 | | 136.29 | December 1, 2017 | |||||||||||||
| | 20,000 | | December 1, 2014 | ||||||||||||||
Zakira Amra |
| 7,833 | | 109.66 | June 1, 2014 | |||||||||||||
| | 8,000 | | June 1, 2014 |
Share Ownership of Directors and Executive Officers
The following sets forth, to the knowledge of Gold Fields management, the total amount of ordinary shares directly or indirectly owned by the directors and executive officers of Gold Fields as of December 31, 2011:
Holder |
Ordinary shares |
|
Percentage | |||||||
Mamphela Ramphele |
1,450 | 0.000 | % | |||||||
Paul Schmidt |
1,000 | 0.000 | % | |||||||
Rupert L. Pennant-Rea(1) |
13,759 | 0.002 | % | |||||||
Donald M. J. Ncube |
5,496 | 0.001 | % | |||||||
Total Directors (1 person) |
1,000 | 0.000 | % | |||||||
Total Non-Director Executive Officers (3 persons) |
20,705 | 0.003 | % | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total Directors and Executive Officers (4 persons) |
21,705 | 0.003 | % | |||||||
|
|
|
|
Notes:
(1) | R.L Pennant-Rea acquired 8,443 additional ordinary shares during 2011. |
The Gold Fields Limited 2012 Share Plan
Gold Fields plans to introduce a new share plan to replace the Gold Fields Limited 2005 share plan which will be presented to the shareholders at the next annual general meeting to be held on May 14, 2012. The new share plan will consist of two equity instruments: (i) restricted shares (bonus shares) and (ii) performance shares (rules as per current plan).
233
The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan
At Gold Fields annual general meeting held on November 17, 2005, the shareholders approved The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan, or The 2005 Plan, under which employees, including executive directors, are compensated.
The 2005 Plan provides for two types of awards: performance vesting restricted shares, or PVRS, and performance allocated share appreciation rights, or SARS. The PVRS are settled three years after being awarded and the SARS vest three years after being allocated, with a further three years before expiration. The size of the annual award or allocation is dependent on the performance of the participant at the time of the award or allocation, which is usually in March. As of December 31, 2011, Gold Fields had 5,040,134 SARS and 7,236,468 PVRS outstanding under The 2005 Plan.
All PVRS allocations made from March 1, 2006 to September 1, 2011 were conditionally awarded to participants. Based on the rules of The 2005 Plan, the actual number of PVRS which would be settled to a participant three years after the original award date is determined by the companys performance measured against the individual performance of five other major gold mining companies (referred to as the peer group and made up of AngloGold Ashanti; Barrick, Goldcorp, Harmony and Newmont) based on the relative change in the Gold Fields share price compared to the respective U.S. dollar share prices of the individual companies within the peer group. For PVRS awards to be settled to executives, an internal company performance target is required to be met before the external relative measure is applied. Effective June 1, 2008, the rules were modified so that two performance measures apply, as permitted under the existing rules approved by the shareholders at the annual general meeting. The target performance criterion has been set at 85% of the companys expected gold production over the three-year measurement period as set out in the Business Plans of the company approved by the Board. In the event that the target performance criterion is met, the full initial target award shall be settled on the settlement date. In addition, the Remuneration Committee has determined that the number of PVRS to be settled may be increased by up to 300% of the number of the initial target number of PVRS conditionally awarded, depending on the performance of the company relative to the performance of five other major gold mining companies (the peer group) based on the relative change in the Gold Fields share price compared to the respective U.S. dollar share prices of the individual companies within the peer group.
The GF Management Incentive Scheme
Prior to approval of The 2005 Plan, share options were available to executive officers and other employees, as determined by the Board of Directors under The GF Management Incentive Scheme. The exercise prices of all outstanding options range between Rand 60.40 and Rand 140.66 per ordinary share and they expire between April 1, 2012 and August 18, 2013. The exercise price of each ordinary share which is the subject of an option is the weighted average price of the ordinary shares on the JSE on the day immediately preceding the date on which the Board of Directors resolved to grant the option.
Each option may normally only be exercised by a participant on the following bases: (1) after two years have elapsed from the date on which the option was accepted by the participant, in respect of not more than one-third of the ordinary shares which are the subject of that option; (2) after three years have elapsed from the date on which the option was accepted by the participant, in respect of not more than a further one-third (representing two-thirds cumulatively) of the ordinary shares which are the subject of that option; and (3) after four years have elapsed from the date on which the option was accepted by the participant, in respect of all the ordinary shares which are the subject of that option, subject to revision by the Board of Directors. For so long as a person continues to work for Gold Fields, options lapse seven years after the date of acceptance of the option by the participant. Options vest as soon as they are exercisable, and employees who leave Gold Fields have one year following their departure to exercise options which have vested.
The first allocations under The 2005 Plan were made in March 2006 and no further allocations have been made under The GF Management Incentive Scheme from that date as the scheme has been discontinued.
234
The aggregate number of the Companys issued ordinary share capital on December 31, 2011, reserved for issuance under all the prevailing share schemes described above shall not exceed 36,231,651 shares (which represents approximately 5% of the number of current issued shares). This percentage may only be amended with the approval of shareholders in general meeting and the JSE.
The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Share Plan
At Gold Fields annual general meeting held on November 17, 2005, the shareholders approved The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Share Plan, or The 2005 Non-Executive Plan. Participants in The 2005 Non-Executive Plan were non-executive directors of Gold Fields who are not members of the Non-Executive Directors Remuneration Committee, which comprises independent external professional advisers under The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan. The Plan provided for the release of restricted shares awarded to the non-executive directors three years after the date of the award, provided that the non-executive director was not removed, disqualified or forced to resign from the Board of Directors during that period. No consideration is payable for the grant of an award of restricted shares.
Shareholders approved that the 2005 Non-Executive Plan, which governed the award of restricted shares to non-executive directors, be discontinued in the 2010 financial year. This was to achieve full compliance with the rules of the JSE Listings Requirements, which state that from April 1, 2010, any director who participates in a share incentive/option scheme will not be regarded as independent. The JSE has ruled that section 3.84(f)(iii) of the Listings Requirements, as amended, will not be applied retrospectively. Effectively, the restricted shares awarded to the non-executive directors before the amended JSE Listings Requirements became effective on April 1, 2010 will thus remain valid and the non-executive directors are considered independent until the restricted shares already awarded vest. This plan will close in November 2012 when all outstanding shares previously issued will settle to directors.
Employee Share Option Scheme
An Employee Share Option Scheme, or ESOP, in respect of an effective 10.75% stake in GFIMSA was registered on December 1, 2010. The ESOP is housed and administered through the Thusano Share Trust. The effective holding in GFIMSA was equivalent to about 13.5 million unencumbered Gold Fields shares with full voting rights, which were issued to and held by the trust at par value of R0.50 which represented a 99.5%. discount to the 30 days volume-weighted average price at July 30, 2010. This represents approximately 1.87% of the current Gold Fields shares in issue. See Additional InformationMaterial ContractsBlack Economic Empowerment Transactions.
Executive Directors Terms of Employment
Nicholas J. Holland (Executive Director and Chief Executive Officer) is party to three employment agreements: one with Gold Fields Ghana Holdings (BVI) Limited, or Gold Fields Ghana Holdings, one with Gold Fields Orogen Holdings (BVI) Limited, or Orogen, and one with Gold Fields Group Services (Pty) Ltd, or GFGS. Paul A. Schmidt (Executive Director and Chief Financial Officer) is party to three employment contracts: one with Gold Fields Ghana Holdings, one with Orogen, and one with GFGS. The terms and conditions of employment for each executive director are substantially similar, except where otherwise indicated below.
The annual gross remuneration package, or GRP, payable to each of Mr. Holland and Mr. Schmidt for fiscal 2011 was determined by the Remuneration Committee and is as follows:
Nicholas J. Holland |
R6,472,000 plus U.S.$320,324 | |
Paul A. Schmidt |
R3,828,000 plus U.S.$ 86,000 |
The split between the contracts for these amounts payable to the executive directors is determined on the basis of the amount of time spent by that executive director in respect of each contract.
235
The GFGS Contracts
Under the GFGS Contracts, the employment of an executive director will continue until terminated upon (i) 24 or 12 months notice by either party for the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, respectively or (ii) retirement of the relevant executive director (currently provided for at age 60 in the contract). Gold Fields can also terminate the executive directors employment summarily for any reason recognized by law as justifying summary termination.
The value of the GRP payable in terms of the GFGS Contract is to be allocated among the following benefits: (i) salary; (ii) compulsory retirement fund contribution (with contributions set at 20% of Pensionable Emoluments, which are set at a rate between 50% and 100% of the GRP as elected by the executive director); (iii) voluntary participation in a vehicle scheme; (iv) compulsory medical coverage; and (v) compulsory Group Personal Accident Policy coverage. In addition, it is compulsory for the executive director to contribute 1% of his GRP to the Unemployment Insurance Fund, subject to any legislated contribution maximum at the time.
The Offshore Contracts
Under the agreements with Gold Fields Ghana Holdings and Orogen, or the Offshore Contracts, the executive director is paid offshore, in an appropriate currency, that portion of the GRP relating to the amount of time spent performing duties offshore for the relevant offshore companies. In the interest of simplicity, no benefits other than annual leave accrue to each executive director under the Offshore Contracts.
Other Remuneration
In addition to the gross guaranteed remuneration payable, each executive director is entitled, among other things, to the following benefits under their employment contracts: (i) participation in the GF Management Incentive Scheme and The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan; and (ii) consideration for an annual (financial year) incentive bonus based upon the fulfillment of certain targets set by the Board of Directors and an expense allowance.
In fiscal 2011, the amount and manner of any bonus payment for the CEO and CFO was determined by the Remuneration Committee of the Board. See Board of Directors Committees. The annual bonus was set at a target of 50% of the value of the GRP, assuming fulfillment of all targets, with scope to award a lesser bonus if targets were not met, or a greater bonus, up to a further 50% of the GRP, if targets were exceeded.
As of January 1, 2012, the amount and manner of any bonus payment for the CEO and CFO is determined by the Remuneration Committee of the Board. See Board of Directors Committees. The annual bonus is set at a target of 65% of the value of the GRP for the CEO and 60% of the value of the GRP for the CFO, assuming fulfillment of all targets, with scope to award a lesser bonus if targets are not met, or a greater bonus, up to a further 65% of the GRP for the CEO and 60% of the value of the GRP for the CFO, if targets are exceeded.
The employment contracts also provide that, in the event of the relevant executive directors employment being terminated solely as a result of a change of control as defined below, and within 12 months of the change of control, the director is entitled to: (i) payment of an amount equal to twice his GRP, or two and a half times in the case of the Chief Executive Officer; (ii) payment of an amount equal to the average of the incentive bonuses paid to the executive director during the previous two completed financial years; (iii) any other payments and/or benefits due under the contracts; (iv) payment of any annual incentive bonus he has earned during the financial year notwithstanding that the financial year is incomplete; (v) an entitlement, for two years after the date of termination, subject to the relevant rules of the GF Management Incentive Scheme then in force, to retain and to exercise all share options allocated to him, including those which may not have vested at the date of such termination; and (vi) an entitlement to be settled with the SARS and Restricted Shares allocated and awarded to
236
him, and in the case of the SARS will have a further period of one year in which to exercise such SARS. The employment contracts further provide that these payments cover any compensation or damages the executive director may have under any applicable employment legislation.
A change of control for the above is defined as the acquisition by a third-party or concert parties of 30% or more of Gold Fields ordinary shares.
In the event of the consummation of an acquisition, merger, consolidation, scheme of arrangement or other reorganization, whether or not there is a change of control, if the executive directors services are terminated, the change of control provisions summarized above also apply.
Non-executive Director Fees
Gold Fields has no service contracts with its non-executive directors. The fees for non-executive directors are determined by a special non-executive directors Remuneration Committee comprised of independent external remuneration advisers. The fees for members of the Audit Committee were approved at the annual general meeting in May 2011. Fees for the non-executive directors will be reviewed by independent external professional advisers in fiscal 2012 and the proposed fees will take effect on June 1, 2012 with the next expected review in June 2013 and annually thereafter.
Employees
The gold mining industry, particularly in South Africa, is labor-intensive. The total number of employees, including employees of outside contractors, as of the end of the last three fiscal years at each of the operations owned by Gold Fields as of those dates was:
As of(3) | ||||||||||||||||
June 30, 2009 |
June 30, 2010 |
December 31, 2010 |
December 31, 2011 |
|||||||||||||
South Africa |
||||||||||||||||
KDC |
36,300 | (1) | 35,300 | (1) | 32,100 | (1) | 26,300 | (1) | ||||||||
Beatrix |
11,800 | (1) | 11,200 | (1) | 10,500 | (1) | 9,200 | (1) | ||||||||
South Deep |
4,700 | (1) | 6,500 | (1) | 6,800 | (1) | 3,500 | (1) | ||||||||
Ghana |
||||||||||||||||
Tarkwa |
2,200 | (1) | 2,100 | (1) | 2,200 | (1) | 2,600 | (1) | ||||||||
Damang |
40 | (2) | 430 | (2) | 420 | (2) | 1,000 | (1) | ||||||||
Australia |
||||||||||||||||
St. Ives |
720 | (2) | 760 | (2) | 790 | (2) | 470 | (2) | ||||||||
Agnew |
400 | (2) | 370 | (2) | 360 | (2) | 240 | (2) | ||||||||
Peru |
||||||||||||||||
Cerro Corona |
280 | (2) | 310 | (2) | 340 | (2) | 370 | (2) | ||||||||
Corporate |
4 | 90 | (2) | 100 | (2) | 130 | (2) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total |
59,400 | (1) | 59,800 | (1) | 56,200 | (1) | 43,800 | (1) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes:
(1) | Rounded to the nearest hundred. |
(2) | Rounded to the nearest ten. |
(3) | These employee numbers do not include contractors that are not on the payroll. As at December 31, 2011, Gold Fields employed approximately 13,500 outside contractors. |
237
Labor Relations
South Africa
Since 1995, the South African legislature has enacted various labor laws that enhance the rights of employees. For example, these laws:
| confirm the right of employees to belong to trade unions and the right of unions to have access to the workplace; |
| guarantee employees the right to strike, picket and participate in secondary strikes in certain prescribed circumstances; |
| provide for mandatory severance pay in the event of termination of employment for operational reasons; |
| reduce and limit the maximum ordinary hours of work; |
| increase the rate of pay for overtime; |
| require large employers such as Gold Fields to implement affirmative action policies to benefit historically disadvantaged groups, and impose significant monetary penalties for non-compliance with the administrative and reporting requirements of the legislation; |
| provide for the financing of training programs by means of a levy grant system and a National Skills Fund; and |
| grant employees the right to strike if a company employing over 500 employees terminates the employment of over 50 employees at any one time for operational reasons. |
Approximately 97% of the labor force at Gold Fields South African operations is unionized, with the major portion of its South African workforce being members of the National Union of Mineworkers, or the NUM, the other two recognized unions being UASA and Solidarity. As a result of its highly unionized labor force in South Africa and the fact that labor costs constitute approximately 43% of production costs, Gold Fields has attempted to balance union demands with the need to contain and reduce total cash costs in order to ensure the long-term viability of its operations.
During fiscal 2011, Gold Fields South African operations suffered 75 safety stoppages, some of which were self-imposed mine closures as a result of safety-related incidents. Gold Fields has actively engaged with the DMR on the protocols applied to safety-related mine closures. Gold Fields conducted a tri-partite Health and Safety Summit in February 2012 along with government and labor organizations to promote health and safety in South Africa.
Gold Fields South African Operations has offered an Employee Share Option Plan to non-management employees as part of meeting the Mining Charter requirements. The plan, which places an effective 10.75% stake in GFIMSA in the hands of employees, was approved by shareholders and became effective on December 1, 2010. See Additional InformationMaterial ContractsAdditional Black Economic Empowerment Transactions.
Wage Agreements
2011 2013 Agreement
Wage increases and changes to terms and conditions of employment are negotiated with the unions every two years, and on August 2, 2011, Gold Fields reached a two-year wage agreement, or the 2011 wage agreement, with the United Association of South Africa, or UASA, Solidarity Trade Union, or Solidarity, and the NUM. This agreement provided for wage increases marginally above inflation, where the majority of employees received increases between 8% and 10%, depending upon the category of employee. The increases were implemented with effect from July 1, 2011. The same percentage increases will apply in fiscal 2012. Annual increases for management were implemented in January 2011.
238
The 2011 wage agreement further provided for a few adjustments to other conditions of employment, such as medical incapacitation benefits, as well as an increase in the living out allowance from R1,400 to R1,520, effective from September 1, 2011 and a further increase to R1,640, effective from September 1, 2012. Currently, approximately 36% of Gold Fields South African labor force (excluding employees of outside contractors) receive living out allowances.
In total, labor costs in South Africa increased by approximately 3% in fiscal 2011. Gold Fields considers this increase to be low due to the reduced number of employees, particularly at the KDC mine.
Wage negotiations were accompanied by an industry wide peaceful strike which lasted four working days from July 28 to August 2, 2011.
Business Process Re-engineering Program
In fiscal 2011, as part of the Business Process Re-engineering program, Gold Fields restructured several of its business processes to optimize productivity and eliminate inefficiencies. One component of this project was a reduction in headcount at Gold Fields South African operations. In addition, Gold Fields carried out a reduction of non-specialized contractors. The BPR program initiatives were achieved through a zero-based design of labor standards and control structures, which apply to every level of supervision, including top management.
Ghana
In Ghana, there are various constitutional and legislative provisions relating to labor which, among other things:
| entitle workers to join trade unions and give those unions the power to negotiate on their behalf with regard to their conditions of employment; |
| prohibit discrimination against union members; |
| entitle workers to strike in certain prescribed circumstances; |
| regulate the hours of work, termination notice, severance pay and minimum length of annual leave for workers; |
| provide for social security for workers and workers compensation; and |
| provide for arbitration in trade disputes. |
On October 8, 2003, the Ghanaian parliament passed the Labor Act, 2003 (Act 651), or the Labor Act. The Labor Act gives employees greater freedom to form and to join trade unions, among other rights. The Labor Regulations 2007 (L.I 1833), or the Regulations, made under the Labor Act came into effect on June 8, 2007.
Of the Ghanaian employees at Tarkwa, Damang and the Accra office, the majority are members of the Ghana Mineworkers Union, or GMWU, whose employment is governed by a collective bargaining agreement originally concluded in 1996 and revised in 2000, 2003, 2004 and 2006. Wages are revised annually by negotiation with the GMWU.
Gold Fields negotiated a new employee gain-sharing model with the union for fiscal 2007, 2008 and 2009, pursuant to which 1.25% of profits after tax and royalties will be shared among local employees. This profit sharing agreement is still applicable, and in fiscal 2011 Gold Fields paid a lump sum of U.S.$1,921 to each employee.
In October 2010, Gold Fields concluded wage negotiations for 2010 and signed a three year wage deal with the GMWU to increase minimum wages by 10% per year for 2010, 2011 and 2012, as well as adjustments to other benefits such as housing, schooling and funeral allowances.
239
Australia
In Western Australia, where Gold Fields Australian operations are located, labor is now primarily regulated by the Fair Work Act (2009), or the Fair Work Act, and the federal industrial relations system created thereby. The Fair Work Act came into effect on July 1, 2009, replacing the previous federal industrial relations system created by the Workplace Relations Act 1996 (Cth.), or the Workplace Relations Act.
With the exception of a range of state statutes limited to health and safety, long-service leave, discrimination and workers compensation, Gold Fields and its employees are not subject to state industrial or employment laws.
The Fair Work Act continues to prescribe, among other things:
| minimum wages; |
| maximum weekly hours; |
| forms of leave (other than long-service leave); |
| conditions regarding termination of an employee for redundancy; |
| sanctions for unfair dismissal and unlawful termination; |
| rights of unions to enter a workplace; |
| collective bargaining rights for employees; and |
| sanctions against unlawful industrial action. |
However, the Fair Work Act has made significant changes to the previous federal industrial relations system under the Workplace Relations Act by enhancing employee collective bargaining rights and increasing the role of unions in the collective bargaining process. Changes to the federal industrial relations system under the Fair Work Act include, among other things:
| the removal of the ability for employers to make Australian Workplace Agreements which were individual statutory agreements used by employers to exclude collective bargaining and union access to the workplace; |
| the introduction of a new collective bargaining framework that introduces good faith bargaining obligations for employers, fewer restrictions on the content of agreements and an enhanced role for union officials as bargaining representatives, parties to agreements and participants in dispute resolution; |
| the introduction of the National Employment Standards on January 1, 2010, which prescribe core minimum conditions of employment applicable to all Australian employees under the federal industrial relations system; |
| the introduction of new industry-wide terms of employment known as Modern Awards on January 1, 2010, which simplify and update such agreements for different industry sectors, including the mining industry; |
| the opening of access to unfair dismissal laws to all Australian employees; and |
| the creation of a national body called Fair Work Australia which, among other matters, will have wider arbitration powers in relation to collective agreements and hear and determine unlawful dismissal claims and matters relating to minimum entitlements of employment and freedom of association. |
All of Gold Fields Australian employees and the employees of the contractors at the St. Ives and Agnew mines are employed pursuant to individually negotiated federal workplace agreements under the Workplace Relations Act which will eventually terminate or expire and will no longer exist under the Fair Work Act.
240
The commencement of the Fair Work Act means that unions have an increased role in negotiating collective agreements for pay and working conditions and may lead to an increased union presence in Western Australias mining industry, potentially including at Gold Fields mining operations in Australia. In order to mitigate potential labor risks, Gold Fields has implemented an Employee Collective Agreement with its employees which provides some protection from potential third-party interventions. The Employee Collective Agreement excludes unions from negotiating terms and conditions of employment for a period of five years starting from August 27, 2009.
Peru
Mine workers in Peru are subject to the general regulations of the private labor system. In addition to these general regulations, the specific legal framework regarding mining activities is provided by the General Mining Law and its regulations and the Mine Safety and Hygiene Regulations.
New regulations regarding the contracting of outsourcing services have been recently enacted in the private labor system. Under the new regulations, mining companies that decide to hire outsourcing companies for the execution of specialized services involving the assignment of personnel will have the assigned personnel added to their payrolls and be jointly liable with the outsourcing companies for the payment of labor benefits and social security obligations of the assigned personnel. The liability is enforceable against the mining company up to a term of one year after the personnel have concluded its assignment.
Prior to 2011, the employees at Cerro Corona were not unionized and had no collective bargaining agreement. However, Peruvian labor regulations provide that a collective negotiation process may be commenced by a union or by workers representatives elected by the majority thereof. Beyond these collective bargaining rights, there are various labor regulations which, among other things:
| entitle workers to strike in certain prescribed circumstances and manners; |
| prescribe maximum ordinary hours of work and minimum vacation time; |
| prescribe overtime pay, which can include the provision of rest days; |
| prescribe minimum wages, bonuses, profit-sharing and compensation for the employees period of service to the company; |
| require mine owners to transport workers between remote mine sites and population centers; and |
| provide for mediation or arbitration in certain collective bargaining negotiations. |
In June 2011, operational employees at Cerro Corona formed a labor union and negotiated a five year collective bargaining agreement with Gold Fields. This agreement provides for a 9.1% wage increase during the first year and 5.77% annual wage increases in subsequent years. In addition, eligible employees are entitled to a special bonus payment, education expenses and other benefits.
Though not required by law, Gold Fields provides to certain management staff a flat amount to cover housing and utility expenses in the city of Cajamarca in accordance with Gold Fields internal policy.
Also, Gold Fields provides to its workers, as a working condition, free transportation between the mine site and the city of Cajamarca.
In January 2010, the new Law of Labor Procedure, establishing the procedural rules for labor-related claims, was enacted to reduce the emphasis on documentary filings, as compared to hearings, and reduce the time involved in resolving labor claims. The law became effective on July 15, 2010. These laws have been implemented progressively in 2011 throughout Peru in accordance with an approved schedule.
241
In addition, in calendar 2010, the Peruvian Labor Authority set up new labor inspection programs aimed at identifying, sanctioning and correcting irregular labor practices. These programs are part of the administrative measures promoted by the Ministry of Labor to ensure compliance with labor laws. Gold Fields has put practices in place to ensure compliance with these laws.
Benefits
Gold Fields provides benefits to its employees, generally including pension, medical and accommodation benefits. Employees are also entitled to a severance package if they are laid off. Gold Fields own employees are generally provided with medical and retirement benefits. In Australia, benefits for contractors employees are the responsibility of each contractor and Gold Fields own employees are generally responsible for their own medical costs and other benefits, except that Gold Fields contributes to a third-party pension plan.
In South Africa, Gold Fields attempts to attract and retain motivated high caliber employees through a mix of guaranteed and performance-based remuneration, as well as short-term and long-term incentives, and non-financial rewards relating to work experience. Gold Fields has also implemented company pay structuring for management employees and also for supervisory employees in South Africa, known as the Gross Remuneration Package.
Furthermore, in order to maintain competitiveness in the South African labor market, regular industry market surveys are conducted, to benchmark remuneration practices and to keep abreast of industry movements regarding employee benefits and non-financial recognition programs. Gold Fields is also currently actively involved in an industry task team working with the Institute of Directors in formulating industry standards for remuneration practices based on labor market dynamics.
Gold Fields provides 50% of the contributions (premiums) under a medical plan, or the Gold Fields Plan, for certain former employees in South Africa. As of December 31, 2011, approximately 128 former employees were still covered under this plan.
As part of the acquisition of South Deep, Gold Fields assumed an additional post-retirement healthcare cost liability, or the South Deep Plan. Former employees of South Deep belong to a commercial medical scheme with employer liability for contribution per pensioner limited to R400 per month. The R400 monthly contribution is fixed and is payable until the arrangement terminated on December 31, 2011.
In fiscal 2011, $0.1 million was debited to earnings under both the Gold Fields and South Deep Plans described above.
Bonus Schemes
Gold Fields offers appropriate bonus schemes for employees at all levels. The focus of Gold Fields bonus schemes is based on specific production and safety targets as the primary drivers, with quality factors, such as cost and development, being secondary drivers at management levels. Bonus scheme drivers and parameters are aligned with the Corporate Annual Incentive Scheme. The Group Annual Incentive Scheme was reviewed in fiscal 2011.
Employment Equity
Under the South African Employment Equity Act, Gold Fields has a responsibility to: (1) promote equal opportunity and fair treatment in employment by eliminating unfair discrimination; and (2) implement affirmative action measures to redress the disadvantages in employment experienced by certain groups, in order to ensure their equitable representation in all occupational categories and levels in the workforce. As required by the Act, Gold Fields has a formal employment equity plan, which has been approved by its unions and submitted as part of its report to South African regulatory officials. The plan includes numerical targets to be achieved over a five year period, with regular meetings of employment equity forums involving management and employee
242
representatives to monitor progress against the plan. Management believes that Gold Fields is currently making adequate progress toward the targets under its plan and is in compliance with legal and regulatory requirements regarding employment equity.
Training
Gold Fields spent approximately R278 million on employee training and development at its South African operations in fiscal 2011 and U.S.$4.0 million at its Ghanaian, Australian, Peruvian and Growth and International Projects divisions.
During fiscal 2011, most Gold Fields employees in South Africa, West Africa, South America and Australasia participated in one or more of the numerous training and development programs offered. Approximately 37,800 employees and 6,900 contractor employees went through the induction and skills review training program. In addition, during the second half of fiscal 2011, Gold Fields introduced a new program for on-the-job training and coaching, providing further skills development at the workplace for approximately 8,600 employees. Approximately 20,200 employees participated in team-based health and safety training, and approximately 2,600 employees and 800 local community members attended adult literacy programs. In addition, approximately 500 employees were given portable skills training, in order to support personal growth and empower employees with technical skills that can be used outside the mining industry.
In fiscal 2011, approximately 500 employees attended technical trade qualification programs in the engineering domain and approximately 200 received mining qualification training. Approximately 3,100 employees received part qualifications in the form of registered skills programs, while in-house new skills training and short skills-enhancement programs were also offered to approximately 6,700 mining employees, 300 technical service employees and 3,800 metallurgical employees.
For fiscal 2012, the direct employee training and development in human resources at the South African operations is expected to be R438 million, which represents an increase over the budget from 2011 primarily due to the consolidation of various training programs under a central training budget. For fiscal 2012, Gold Fields estimates that the investment in human resources development at the Ghanaian, Australian and Peruvian operations and the Exploration division will be approximately $5 million in total.
Gold Fields continues to provide comprehensive training to its employees, in full compliance with the regulatory requirements at the sites at which it operates. The training provided in South Africa is aligned with South Africas National Qualifications Framework, and is carried out within the ambit of Gold Fields education, training and development, or ETD, establishment, which is fully accredited with the relevant Sectoral Education and Training Authority, or SETA, which for Gold Fields is the Mining Qualifications Authority, or MQA. Gold Fields ETD establishment has secured accreditation and program approvals from a number of SETAs outside of the mining industry, and is fully certificated in terms of the ISO 9001/2008 and ISO 14000 quality management standards. In order to secure optimal workplace safety and productive work performance, Gold Fields exposes its employees to ETD interventions which significantly exceed compliance to minimum standards, in the form of additional mining and safety skills training, team-based behavioral training, and non-mining related life and social skills training.
In addition, Gold Fields continues to focus systematically on managerial, leadership, and professional development though its Leadership and Professional Talent Pipeline program, by means of a process known as the Management Review, which is integrated with its performance management system.
In South Africa, Gold Fields has increased its enrollment of University Bursars and entry-level scholarships across the technical disciplines. The Gold Fields Business and Leadership Academy, or GFBLA, plays an active role to ensure appropriate development pathways are established and implemented for every employee who has been identified within the succession plan for Gold Fields.
243
Gold Fields continues to review the performance of its human resource development, which seeks to identify further opportunities to improve the GFBLA strategic and business plan. This new focus has resulted in changes in the approach of human resource development, with a conscious departure from the traditional training-only approach, towards a holistic talent and change management approach. Gold Fields believes that this approach will facilitate the cultural and behavioral changes required for the organization to achieve its Safe Production performance objectives.
Gold Fields previously announced that it would be investing R26 million in an effort to address skills shortages in the South African mining industry. The three-year sponsorship deal comprises investments in the mining engineering faculties at the University of Witwatersrand and the University of Johannesburg. Since this announcement, Gold Fields has invested approximately R14 million with the University of Witwatersrand and over R4 million with the University of Johannesburg, which has assisted the universities in accelerating their long-term strategies for upgrading facilities and implementing improved learning technology and equipment. As a result, an alliance between Gold Fields and the universities has been formed to promote the study of mining engineering, a core skill required to sustain not only the company itself but the local mining industry as a collective. In addition to these university sponsorships, Gold Fields continues to provide approximately R5 million annually to support private students in obtaining practical mining exposure as well as the Mining Education Trust Fund, which provides subsidization towards university staff wages.
Gold Fields continues to subscribe to initiatives concerning national critical skills formation, operating through various private sector collaborative initiatives such as the Gold Producers Committees Collaborative Skills Development initiative and the Technical Skills Business Partnership, or TSBP, which involves Arcelor- Mittal, SASOL, Eskom, Transnet, Anglo Plats and Gold Fields. In addition, Gold Fields continues to work closely with local and national government forums towards the development of business initiatives aimed at addressing youth development.
All of Gold Fields employee training activities in South Africa take account of the human resources development requirements of the Mining Charter, and are fully described in the Social and Labor Plan submitted by Gold Fields to the Department of Minerals and Energy. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaMineral Rights.
Gold Fields has initiated training and development programs internationally that are appropriate to the specific regions, commensurate with regional and site-specific objectives and constraints. A comprehensive leadership development program at Gold Fields operations has been developed to further the growth of high-potential individuals, including management, specialists, and other high performers. In fiscal 2012, Gold Fields expects to develop supervisory and management skills components and other initiatives to further this program. In fiscal 2011, health, safety and environmental training remained a focal point in order to comply with site-specific safety and environmental systems and support the Groups core value that if it cannot mine safely, it will not mine.
Health and Safety
Health
The principal health risks associated with Gold Fields mining operations in South Africa arise from occupational exposure to silica dust, noise, heat and certain hazardous chemicals. The most significant occupational diseases affecting Gold Fields workforce include lung diseases (such as silicosis, tuberculosis, a combination of the two and COAD) as well as NIHL. In South Africa, the incidence of tuberculosis in mine workers is aggravated by exposure to crystalline silica dust and by compromised immunity due to HIV infection. HIV infection is the most significant non-occupational disease impacting the South African workforce. Exposure of HIV-positive individuals to silica dust can significantly increase the risk of contracting tuberculosis, compared with either situation alone. Gold Fields continues to introduce many initiatives to reduce exposure to silica dust at its underground operations. In addition, NIHL is the subject of numerous interventions, including hearing
244
conservation programs, engineering controls to reduce exposure as close to the source as possible, training of exposed workers and the provision of hearing protection devices to exposed workers. Gold Fields continues to expand initiatives to address HIV infection and AIDS among its workforce.
In Ghana, Australia and Peru, the primary health risks include dust and NIHL. Malaria is also a significant health risk in Ghana. To combat these risks, Gold Fields provides workers with appropriate protective equipment, regular training and screening tests.
Gold Fields provides free healthcare to a substantial portion of its South African, Peruvian and Ghanaian employees while they are employed by Gold Fields. This includes the operation of hospitals and/or clinics to provide treatment as needed. In addition, statutory medical surveillance of all employees at the South African operations is conducted by Gold Fields in-house health services. Workers in Australia are responsible for their own healthcare.
HIV/AIDS Program
In April 2003, the Gold Fields HIV/AIDS program was recognized as one of the nine best programs in the world by the Global Business Coalition Against AIDS and treatment protocols continue to be updated on a regular basis.
Currently, management estimates that the prevalence of HIV is approximately 18% for Gold Fields employees in the South Africa region. Gold Fields believes that its South African workforce has a similar level of HIV prevalence to that present in the same demographic groups in South Africa generally. Accordingly, Gold Fields has developed and implemented a significant HIV/AIDS program with the goals of reducing the rate of HIV infection among its workforce and minimizing the potential financial impact of AIDS on its operations. This program involves a multi-faceted approach known as the HAST program (HIV, AIDS, sexually transmitted infections and tuberculosis), which consists of a variety of initiatives aimed at preventing these diseases and includes collaboration with international organizations such as the Global Health Initiative, World Economic Forum, World Health Organization and USAID. In addition to these programs, care and support for workers with HIV/AIDS includes wellness management, ill health retirement for workers with AIDS and home-based care for such workers following retirement. See Risk FactorsHIV/AIDS poses risks to Gold Fields in terms of lost productivity and increased costs.
HIV/AIDS prevalence is not significant in Gold Fields Ghanaian, Australian or Peruvian workforces. Gold Fields has also introduced its HIV/AIDS program in Ghana.
Safety
Operating mines, particularly underground mines, involves significant safety hazards. Gold Fields takes steps to address particular safety issues which are present at its operations. Specific safety issues are explained in further detail in connection with the description of each of Gold Fields operations. See Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsKDC OperationMining, Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsBeatrix OperationMining, Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsSouth Deep OperationMining, Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsGhana OperationsTarkwaMining, Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsGhana OperationsDamangMining, Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsAustralia OperationsSt. IvesMining, Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsAustralia OperationsAgnewMining and Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsPeru OperationsCerro CoronaMining.
During fiscal 2011, Gold Fields faced a number of significant safety issues, including the deaths of 19 workers at its South African mines and one in Ghana. The Company continually renews its commitment to
245
safety. OHSAS 18001 surveillance audits were conducted by Burea Veritas at Gold Fields three South African operations. Non conforming practices identified during the audits have been rectified and certification has been maintained at all operations. See Information on the CompanyStrategy.
Gold Fields Full Compliance Health and Safety Management System started as a health and safety initiative at the end of 2000. A group consisting of representatives of management, the DMRs Mine Health and Safety inspectorate and South African trade unions developed the management system for Gold Fields. The Full Compliance Health and Safety Management System consists of health and safety management standards aimed at improving the safety performance of each mine. Every year the system is revisited taking into consideration recent fatal accidents, lessons learned from the investigations and the outcomes of the various safety audits that have been conducted. Safety training initiatives at the South African operations are tailored for these particular circumstances. All employees undergo refresher training at least once a year.
In fiscal 2010, in order to further safety-improvement efforts, Gold Fields Safe Production Management strategy was re-focused on two key efforts: compliance and engineering out risk. These efforts were further implemented in fiscal 2011, and Gold Fields intends to continue carrying out this safety-improvement strategy through its well-being program and leadership and skills development. In the South African operations, the existing health and safety strategy focuses on five elements: culture, stakeholder engagement, well-being, engineering out risk and compliance. This approach will be project managed through 2012 to bring about the required shift in health and safety attitudes, practices and procedures. Bain has been engaged for the first half of 2012 to assist with the implementation of the South African operations safety strategy as well as its culture transformation program. Thereafter, Gold Fields will continue implementing the programs.
Gold Fields South African operations have subscribed to the milestones set for accidents, silicosis and NIHL issued by the Mine Health and Safety Council of South Africa, which is a legislative body set up under the Mine Health and Safety Act to advise the Minister of Mineral Resources on mine health and safety legislation. These milestones include (i) achieving safety performance levels equivalent to international standards for underground metalliferous mines by 2013, (ii) by December 2008, achieving respirable crystalline silica levels of below 0.1 mg per cubic meter in 95% of individual exposure measurement results, (iii) after December 2013, there being no new cases of silicosis among individuals previously unexposed prior to 2008, (iv) after December 2008, eliminating hearing deterioration of more than 10% among occupationally exposed individuals and (v) by December 2013, reducing the noise emitted by equipment to a level below 110dB(A) at any location in the workplace. As of December 31, 2011, Gold Fields measured respirable crystalline silica levels below 0.1 mg per cubic meter in 99.4% of exposure measurement results and 98.2% of the equipment measurements taken were below 110 dB(A). However, cases of NIHL and silicosis may still arise in the future, particularly due to the latency period after exposure. Gold Fields has also set internal targets, which are more stringent than these milestones. Action plans to achieve the milestones have been developed and the Vice President and Head of South African operations reports to the Boards Safety, Health and Sustainable Development Committee on a quarterly basis.
246
ITEM 7: MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Major Shareholders
To the knowledge of management: (1) Gold Fields is not directly or indirectly owned or controlled (a) by another corporation or (b) by any foreign government; and (2) there are no arrangements the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change in control of Gold Fields. To the knowledge of Gold Fields management, there is no controlling shareholder of Gold Fields.
As of December 31, 2011, the issued share capital of Gold Fields consisted of 725,133,015 ordinary shares.
A list of the individuals and organizations holding, to the knowledge of management, directly or indirectly, 5% or more of its issued share capital as of December 31, 2011 is set forth below.
Beneficial owner |
Ordinary shares |
Percentage | ||||||
Investec Asset Management |
45,460,811 | 6.27 | % | |||||
First Eagle Investment Management LLC |
39,441,557 | 5.44 | % |
To the knowledge of management, none of the above shareholders hold voting rights which are different from those held by Gold Fields other shareholders.
The table below shows the significant changes in the percentage of ownership by Gold Fields major shareholders, to the knowledge of Gold Fields management, during the past three fiscal years.
Beneficial ownership | ||||||||||||
As of | ||||||||||||
June 30, 2009 | June 30, 2010 | December 31, 2011 |
||||||||||
(%) | ||||||||||||
Beneficial owner |
||||||||||||
Tradewinds Global Investors |
5.51 | 6.54 | 4.24 | |||||||||
Investec Asset Management |
| 5.91 | 6.27 | |||||||||
First Eagle Investment Management LLC |
| 5.82 | 5.44 | |||||||||
Mvelaphanda Gold (Pty) Limited |
5.66 | 4.56 | | |||||||||
Public Investment Corporation of South Africa(1) |
5.01 | 4.49 | 4.54 |
Notes:
(1) | Public Investment Commissioner holds a portion of its shares directly and a portion of its shares through Stanlib Asset Management, Sanlam Investment Managers, Old Mutual Asset Managers, Future Growth and RMB Asset Management. |
Related Party Transactions
None of the directors, officers or major shareholders of Gold Fields or, to the knowledge of Gold Fields management, their families, had any interest, direct or indirect, in any transaction during the last three fiscal years or in any proposed transaction which has affected or will materially affect Gold Fields or its investment interests or subsidiaries, other than as stated below.
Rand Refinery
GFLMSL, as agent for GFIMSA and its subsidiaries, has an agreement with Rand Refinery Limited, or Rand Refinery, in which Gold Fields holds a 34.9% interest, providing for the refining of substantially all of Gold Fields South African gold production by Rand Refinery. Prior to October 1, 2004, GFLMSL acted as agent
247
for Rand Refinery to sell up to 50% of Gold Fields South African production. However, since October 1, 2004, Gold Fields has sold the gold produced from its South African operations itself. Gold Fields Ghana and Abosso are each party to agreements with Rand Refinery to transport, refine and sell substantially all of the gold production from the Tarkwa and Damang mines entered into in June 2003. Nicholas J. Holland, who is the Chief Executive Officer and a Director of Gold Fields, was a Director of Rand Refinery from July 12, 2000 until September 30, 2008. He remains an alternate Director. As a Director of GFLMSL, which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Gold Fields, Mr. Holland declared his interest in the contract between Rand Refinery and GFLMSL, pursuant to South African requirements, and did not participate in the decision of Rand Refinery to enter into the agreement with GFLMSL, Gold Fields Ghana or Abosso. Mr. Holland signed the agreement with Rand Refinery on behalf of GFLMSL. See Information on the CompanyDescription of Mining BusinessRefining and Marketing for further details regarding these arrangements.
Uncle Harrys Area
Cheryl A. Carolus, a non-executive director of Gold Fields, is a party in her capacity as a founding shareholder of Peotona Gold Holdings (Proprietary) Limited, or PGH, to the agreement described below. Ms. Carolus has a 25% interest in PGH, which in turn has a one-third economic interest and a 51% voting interest in the issued share capital of Peotona Gold (Proprietary) Limited, or Peotona Gold.
Western Areas Prospecting (Proprietary) Limited, or WAP, which is a company 74% owned by GFO and 26% owned by Peotona Gold, held four prospecting rights on grounds contiguous to South Deep. On April 21, 2009, Gold Field Operations Limited, or GFO, GFI Joint Venture Holdings (Proprietary) Limited, Peotona Gold, WAP, and others entered into an agreement, or the April 2009 Agreement, under which WAP relinquished and abandoned a portion of the prospecting area covered by one of the above prospecting rights (commonly known as Uncle Harrys Area) in favor of the South Deep Joint Venture. The April 2009 Agreement was subject to (among other conditions precedent) the conversion of the old order mining right of South Deep to a new order mining right and simultaneously amending the South Deep mining right by extending the area covered by the South Deep mining right to include Uncle Harrys Ground pursuant to the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act. 28 of 2002. Peotona Gold also granted GFO an option to acquire its 26% shareholding in WAP. With effect from October 14, 2011, the parties amended the April 2009 Agreement pursuant to which amendment GFO acquired Peotona Golds 26% shareholding in WAP for an amount of R50,700,000, or the Share Purchase Price. Against receipt by Peotona Gold of the Share Purchase Price, Peotona Gold distributed the Share Purchase Price (less applicable tax and certain historical costs), as a dividend to its shareholders, including PGH in respect of its one-third economic interest in Peotona Gold.
Gold Fields believes that the above transactions with related parties have been conducted on terms at least as favorable to it as arms length terms.
None of the directors or officers of Gold Fields or any associate of such director or officer is currently or has been at any time during the past three fiscal years materially indebted to Gold Fields.
248
Reference is made to Item 18 for a list of all financial statements filed as part of this annual report. For information on legal proceedings, please refer to Information on the Company above.
Dividends and Dividend Policy
The following table sets forth the dividends announced and paid per share in respect of Gold Fields ordinary shares for the periods indicated:
Year ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
June 30, 2006 | June 30, 2007 | June 30, 2008 | June 30, 2009 | June 30, 2010 | December 31, 2010 |
December
31, 2011(1) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
($) | (R) | ($) | (R) | ($) | (R) | ($) | (R) | ($) | (R) | ($) | (R) | ($) | (R) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Prior years final dividend |
0.06 | 0.40 | 0.15 | 1.10 | 0.13 | 0.95 | 0.16 | 1.20 | 0.10 | 0.80 | 0.10 | 0.70 | 0.10 | 0.70 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interim dividend |
0.07 | 0.40 | 0.13 | 0.90 | 0.09 | 0.65 | 0.03 | 0.30 | 0.07 | 0.50 | | | 0.14 | 1.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total dividend |
0.13 | 0.80 | 0.28 | 2.00 | 0.22 | 1.60 | 0.19 | 1.50 | 0.17 | 1.30 | 0.10 | 0.70 | 0.24 | 1.70 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note:
(1) | A final dividend of R2.30 was announced on February 17, 2012 and paid on March 12, 2012. |
Gold Fields dividend policy is to declare an interim and final dividend in respect of each financial year based on 50% of the earnings for the year before taking account of investment opportunities and after excluding impairments. Earnings are adjusted to exclude unrealized gains and losses on financial instruments and foreign debt, but adjusted to include cash payments and receipts in relation to the underlying financial instruments.
Significant Changes
Please refer to Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsRecent Developments.
249
Listing Details
The principal non-United States trading market for the ordinary shares of Gold Fields is JSE Limited, or the JSE, on which they trade under the symbol GFI. The ordinary shares of Gold Fields are also listed on the SWX Swiss Exchange. Gold Fields International Depositary Shares are listed on Euronext Brussels. As of December 31, 2011, 16,207 record holders of Gold Fields ordinary shares, holding an aggregate of 180,919,879 ordinary shares (24.78%), were listed as having addresses in South Africa. As of December 31, 2011, 187 record holders of Gold Fields ordinary shares, holding an aggregate of 413,710.098 ordinary shares (56.66%), were listed as having addresses in the United States.
Gold Fields American Depositary Shares, or ADSs, currently trade in the United States on The New York Stock Exchange under the symbol GFI. The American Depositary Receipts, or ADRs, representing the ADSs are issued by The Bank of New York Mellon, as Depositary. Each ADS represents one ordinary share. Gold Fields ADRs are also listed on the NASDAQ Dubai.
JSE Trading History
The tables below show the high and low closing prices in Rand and the average daily volume of trading activity on the JSE for Gold Fields ordinary shares for the last five fiscal years.
The following table sets out ordinary share trading information on a yearly basis for the last five fiscal years, as reported by I-Net Bridge (Proprietary) Limited, or I-Net Bridge, a South African financial information service:
Ordinary share price | Average daily trading volume (number of ordinary shares) |
|||||||||||
Year ended |
High | Low | ||||||||||
(Rand per ordinary share) | ||||||||||||
June 30, 2007 |
173.80 | 109.40 | 2,580,019 | |||||||||
June 30, 2008 |
135.00 | 87.01 | 2,900,832 | |||||||||
June 30, 2009 |
123.50 | 54.00 | 3,011,023 | |||||||||
June 30, 2010 |
114.74 | 83.30 | 2,678,274 | |||||||||
December 31, 2010 |
125.90 | 94.90 | 2,095,245 | |||||||||
December 31, 2011 |
143.00 | 95.60 | 2,172,942 | |||||||||
Through March 23, 2012 |
131.31 | 106.01 | 2,302,186 |
250
The following table sets out ordinary share trading information on a quarterly basis for the periods indicated, as reported by I-Net Bridge:
Ordinary share price | Average daily trading volume (number of ordinary shares) |
|||||||||||
Quarter ended |
High | Low | ||||||||||
(Rand per ordinary share) | ||||||||||||
March 31, 2010 |
101.70 | 83.30 | 2,640,431 | |||||||||
June 30, 2010 |
108.31 | 92.90 | 2,386,598 | |||||||||
September 30, 2010 |
111.99 | 94.90 | 2,350,999 | |||||||||
December 31, 2010 |
125.90 | 105.00 | 1,839,490 | |||||||||
March 31, 2011 |
128.40 | 111.41 | 2,101,349 | |||||||||
June 30, 2011 |
123.50 | 95.60 | 2,117,767 | |||||||||
September 30, 2011 |
141.01 | 95.80 | 2,577,103 | |||||||||
December 31, 2011 |
143.00 | 117.99 | 1,883,768 |
The following table sets out ordinary share trading information on a monthly basis for each of the last six months, as reported by I-Net Bridge:
Ordinary share price | Average daily trading volume (number of ordinary shares) |
|||||||||||
Month ended |
High | Low | ||||||||||
(Rand per ordinary share) | ||||||||||||
September 30, 2011 |
141.01 | 115.93 | 3,407,501 | |||||||||
October 31, 2011 |
137.20 | 117.99 | 2,151,962 | |||||||||
November 30, 2011 |
143.00 | 129.00 | 2.075,946 | |||||||||
December 31, 2011 |
138.45 | 124.37 | 1,364,821 | |||||||||
January 31, 2012 |
131.31 | 123.70 | 1,846,061 | |||||||||
February 29, 2012 |
128.19 | 118.80 | 2,715,964 |
On March 23, 2011, the closing price of the ordinary shares on the JSE was 107.05.
New York Stock Exchange Trading History
The tables below show the high and low closing prices in U.S. dollars and the average daily volume of trading activity on The New York Stock Exchange for the last five fiscal years.
The following table sets out ordinary share trading information on a yearly basis for the last five fiscal years, as reported by Bloomberg:
ADS price | Average daily trading volume (number of ADSs) |
|||||||||||
Year ended |
High | Low | ||||||||||
($ per ADS) | ||||||||||||
June 30, 2007 |
24.10 | 15.63 | 3,141,519 | |||||||||
June 30, 2008 |
19.13 | 10.88 | 6,368,692 | |||||||||
June 30, 2009 |
13.72 | 4.90 | 7,635,974 | |||||||||
June 30, 2010 |
15.82 | 10.99 | 5,907,096 | |||||||||
December 31, 2010 |
18.49 | 11.08 | 4,889.081 | |||||||||
December 31, 2011 |
18.55 | 13.80 | 4,007,009 | |||||||||
Through March 23, 2012 |
16.92 | 13.69 | 3,338,043 |
251
The following table sets out ADS trading information on a quarterly basis for the periods indicated, as reported by Bloomberg:
ADS price | Average daily trading volume (number of ADSs) |
|||||||||||
Quarter ended |
High | Low | ||||||||||
($ per ADS) | ||||||||||||
March 31, 2010 |
13.89 | 11.08 | 6,048,924 | |||||||||
June 30, 2010 |
14.15 | 12.55 | 5,872.975 | |||||||||
September 30, 2010 |
15.34 | 12.50 | 4,020,429 | |||||||||
December 31, 2010 |
18.49 | 15.03 | 3,683,738 | |||||||||
March 31, 2011 |
18.14 | 15.84 | 3,616,958 | |||||||||
June 30, 2011 |
18.55 | 13.80 | 4,043,453 | |||||||||
September 30, 2011 |
17.89 | 14.25 | 4,950,355 | |||||||||
December 31, 2011 |
18.30 | 14.69 | 3,396,105 |
The following table sets out ADS trading information on a monthly basis for each of the last six months, as reported by Bloomberg:
ADS price | Average daily trading volume (number of ADSs |
|||||||||||
Month ended |
High | Low | ||||||||||
($ per ADS) | ||||||||||||
October 31, 2011 |
17.76 | 14.69 | 3,880,852 | |||||||||
November 30, 2011 |
18.30 | 15.16 | 3,259,760 | |||||||||
December 31, 2011 |
17.11 | 15.04 | 3,047,704 | |||||||||
January 31, 2011 |
18.14 | 15.85 | 4,030,593 | |||||||||
February 28, 2011 |
17.91 | 15.84 | 3,455,557 |
On March 23, 2012, the closing price of Gold Fields ADSs quoted on The New York Stock Exchange was $13.83.
JSE Limited
The JSE was formed in 1887. The JSE provides facilities for the buying and selling of a wide range of securities, including equity and corporate debt securities and warrants in respect of securities, as well as Krugerrands.
The JSE is a self-regulating organization operating under the ultimate supervision of the Ministry of Finance, through the Financial Services Board and its representative, the Registrar of Stock Exchanges. Following the introduction of the Stock Exchanges Control Amendment Act No. 54 of 1995, or the Stock Exchange Act, which provides the statutory framework for the deregulation of the JSE, the JSEs rules were amended with effect from November 8, 1995. These amendments removed the restrictions on corporate membership and allowed stockbrokers to form limited liability corporate entities. Members were, for the first time, also required to keep client funds in trust accounts separate from members own funds. Further rules to complete the deregulation of the JSE, as envisaged by the Stock Exchange Act, were promulgated during 1996 to permit members of the JSE to trade either as agents or as principals in any transaction in equities and to allow members to negotiate freely the brokerage commissions payable on agency transactions in equities. With effect from 1996, screen trading commenced on the JSE. The Securities Services Act No. 36 of 2004 came into effect on January 18, 2005. This act consolidates and amends the laws relating to the regulation and control of exchanges and securities trading, the regulation and control of central securities depositories and the custody and administration of securities and the prohibition of insider trading.
252
The market capitalization of companies listed on the JSE was approximately Rand 6.909 trillion as of December 31, 2011. The actual float available for public trading is significantly smaller than the aggregate market capitalization because of the large number of long-term holdings by listed holding companies in listed subsidiaries and associates, the existence of listed pyramid companies and cross-holdings between listed companies. Liquidity on the JSE (measured by reference to the total market value of securities traded as a percentage of the total market capitalization) was 34.50% for fiscal 2011. Trading is concentrated in a small, but growing, number of companies. As of February 29, 2012, there were 406 listed companies on the JSE.
South Africa was included in the Morgan Stanley Capital International Emerging Markets Free Index and the International Finance Corporation Investable Index in March and April 1995, respectively. South Africa has a significant representation in these emerging market indices.
The JSE has established a project named Share Transactions Totally Electronic, or STRATE, which has involved the dematerialization of share certificates in a central securities depositary and the introduction of contractual, rolling, electronic settlement in order to increase the speed, certainty and efficiency of settlement and to fall into line with international practice. Gold Fields joined STRATE on October 1, 2001. Investors are given the choice of either holding their securities in dematerialized form in the central securities depositary or retaining their share certificates. Shareholders who elect to retain their share certificates are not able to trade their shares on the JSE, although they may trade their shares off-market. Settlement of dematerialized shares traded electronically on the JSE is made five days after each trade (T+5).
253
ITEM 10: ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
General
Gold Fields is a public company registered in South Africa under the Companies Act No. 71 of 2008, or the Companies Act, which limits the liability of its shareholders, and is governed by its Memorandum of Incorporation (previously known as the Memorandum of Association and Association and Articles of Association) in terms of the Companies Act 71 of 2008. Gold Fields registration number is 1968/004880/06. Section 3 of Gold Fields Memorandum of Incorporation provides that its objectives are, among other things: (1) to purchase, lease or otherwise acquire mines, mineral and other properties, lands, farms and hereditaments, (2) to buy, sell, refine and deal in bullion, specie, coin and precious metals and (3) to carry on any mining and metallurgical operation which may seem conducive to any of Gold Fields objectives. On April 8, 2009, South Africa passed the Companies Act No. 71 of 2008. In order to conform to the Companies Act No. 71 of 2008, Gold Fields plans to introduce a new Memorandum of Incorporation at its next annual general meeting on May 14, 2012.
Dividends and Payments to Shareholders
Gold Fields may make payments (including the payment of dividends) to its shareholders from time to time in accordance with provisions of the Companies Act and the requirements of the JSE and Gold Fields Memorandum of Incorporation. The Companies Act prohibits any payment (including the payment of any dividend) to a companys shareholders if there are reasonable grounds for believing that:
| the company is, or would be after the payment, unable to pay its debts as they become due; or |
| the consolidated assets of the company fairly valued would, after the payment, be less than the consolidated liabilities of the company. |
Subject to the above requirements, the shareholders of Gold Fields in a general meeting or the directors may from time to time declare a dividend or any other payment to be paid to shareholders and to the holders of share warrants (if any) in proportion to the number of shares held by them.
All unclaimed dividends or other payments to shareholders may be invested or otherwise made use of by the directors for the benefit of Gold Fields until claimed, provided that any dividend or bonus or other payment to shareholders remaining unclaimed for a period of not less than three years from the date on which it became payable may be forfeited by resolution of the directors for the benefit of Gold Fields.
Voting Rights
Every shareholder of Gold Fields, or representative of a shareholder, who is present at a shareholders meeting has one vote on a show of hands, regardless of the number of shares he holds or represents or the number of shareholders he represents, unless a poll is demanded. Every Gold Fields shareholder is, on a poll, entitled to one vote per ordinary share held. A poll may be demanded by any person entitled to vote at the meeting. Neither the Companies Act nor Gold Fields Memorandum of Incorporation provide for cumulative voting.
A shareholder is entitled to appoint a proxy to attend, speak and vote at any meeting on his or her behalf. The proxy need not be a shareholder.
Issue of Additional Shares and Pre-emptive Rights
Shareholder approval is required for any issuance of additional shares. Shareholders may either convey a general or specific authority to directors to issue shares. A general authority is valid until the earlier of the next annual general meeting and 15 months after the authority was granted.
254
The JSE and Gold Fields Memorandum of Incorporation require that any new issue of equity shares by Gold Fields must first be offered to existing shareholders in proportion to their shareholding in the company unless, among other things, the issuance to new shareholders is:
| pursuant to a shareholder approved employee share incentive scheme; |
| for the acquisition of an asset, provided that, if the issue is more than 30% of the companys issued share capital, a simple majority of shareholders must vote in favor of the acquisition; |
| to raise cash through a general issuance at the discretion of the directors to the general public (but not to related parties) of up to 10% of the issued share capital in any one fiscal year at an issue price with a discount not exceeding 10% of the 30-business-day weighted average trading price prior to the date the application is made to the JSE to list the shares provided that a 75% majority of votes cast by shareholders at a general meeting must approve the granting of such authority to the directors; or |
| to raise cash through a specific issuance of shares for cash, provided that a 75% majority of shareholders, other than controlling shareholders, votes in favor of the resolution to issue the shares at a general meeting. |
Transfer of Shares
The transfer of any Gold Fields certificated share will be implemented in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act using the then common form of transfer. Dematerialized shares which have been traded on the JSE are transferred on the STRATE system and delivered five business days after each trade. The transferor of any share is deemed to remain the holder of that share until the name of the transferee is entered in Gold Fields register for that share. Since Gold Fields shares are traded through STRATE, only shares which have been dematerialized may be traded on the JSE. Accordingly, Gold Fields shareholders who hold shares in certificated form will need to dematerialize their shares in order to trade on the JSE.
Disclosure of Interest in Shares
Under South African law, a registered holder of Gold Fields shares who is not the beneficial owner of such shares is required to disclose every three months to Gold Fields the identity of the beneficial owner and the number and class of securities held on behalf of the beneficial owner. Moreover, Gold Fields may, by notice in writing, require a person who is a registered shareholder, or whom Gold Fields knows or has reasonable cause to believe has a beneficial interest in Gold Fields ordinary shares, to confirm or deny whether or not such person holds the ordinary shares or beneficial interest and, if the ordinary shares are held for another person, to disclose to Gold Fields the identity of the person on whose behalf the ordinary shares are held. Gold Fields may also require the person to give particulars of the extent of the beneficial interest held during the three years preceding the date of the notice. Gold Fields is obligated to establish and maintain a register of the disclosures described above and to publish in its annual financial statements a list of the persons who hold a beneficial interest equal to or in excess of 5% of the total number of ordinary shares issued by Gold Fields together with the extent of those beneficial interests.
General Meetings of Shareholders
The directors may convene general meetings of Gold Fields shareholders and a general meeting may also be convened on a requisition by shareholders made pursuant to the Companies Act. Gold Fields is obligated to hold an annual general meeting for each fiscal year within nine months of the end of each fiscal year and prior to 15 months after the date of the last annual general meeting.
Annual general meetings and meetings calling for the passage of a special resolution require 21 clear days notice in writing of the place, day and time of the meeting to shareholders. Any other general meeting of Gold Fields shareholders requires at least 14 clear days notice in writing to shareholders.
255
Business may be transacted at any meeting of shareholders only while a quorum of shareholders is present. Three shareholders present personally or by representative and entitled to vote constitute a quorum for a general meeting and an annual general meeting.
The annual general meeting deals with and disposes of all matters prescribed by Gold Fields Memorandum of Incorporation and the Companies Act, including:
| the consideration of the audited financial statements and report of the independent accountants; and |
| the election of directors. |
Annual Report and Accounts
Gold Fields is required to keep the accounting records and books of accounts as are necessary to present the state of affairs of the company and to explain the financial position of the company as prescribed by the Companies Act. No shareholder (who is not a director of Gold Fields) has the right to inspect any account or book or document of Gold Fields, except as conferred by the Companies Act or authorized by the directors or by a resolution of Gold Fields in a general meeting.
The directors of Gold Fields will cause to be prepared annual financial statements and an annual report as required by the Companies Act and the Listing Requirements of the JSE. Gold Fields will send by mail to the registered address of every shareholder a copy of the annual report and annual financial statements. Not later than three months after the first six months of its financial year, Gold Fields will mail to every shareholder an interim report for the previous six month period.
Changes in Capital or Objects and Powers of Gold Fields
The Gold Fields shareholders may, by the passing of a special resolution in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act:
| increase Gold Fields authorized share capital; |
| divide all or any part of Gold Fields share capital into shares of larger amounts than Gold Fields existing shares or consolidate and reduce the number of the issued no par value shares, if any; |
| subdivide all or any portion of Gold Fields shares into shares of a smaller amount than is fixed by Gold Fields Memorandum of Incorporation; |
| convert all of Gold Fields ordinary or preference share capital from having a par value into shares of no par value; |
| reduce Gold Fields authorized share capital and, if required by law, its issued share capital, stated capital and any capital redemption reserve fund or any share premium account; |
| alter the provisions of Gold Fields Memorandum of Incorporation with respect to the objects and powers of the company; and |
| subject to the provisions of the Companies Act or any other South African law governing companies and the requirements of the JSE and any other stock exchange upon which the shares of Gold Fields may be quoted or listed from time to time, allow Gold Fields to acquire shares issued by itself or in any subsidiary of the company from time to time, and provided that: |
| the directors may resolve that any return of capital made to all or any shareholders whose registered addresses are outside South Africa will, subject to any exchange control regulations then in force, be paid in such other currencies as may be stipulated by the directors. The directors may also stipulate the date for converting Rand to those currencies and the provisional rate of exchange, provided that the date for conversion must be within a period of 30 days prior to the date of payment; and |
256
| all unclaimed amounts due as a result of a reduction of capital or any consolidation or subdivision of capital may be invested or otherwise made use of by the directors for the benefit of Gold Fields until claimed. |
Variation of Rights
All or any of the rights, privileges or conditions attached to Gold Fields ordinary shares may be varied by a special resolution of Gold Fields passed in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act.
Distribution of Assets on Liquidation
In the event of a voluntary or compulsory liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, the assets remaining after payment of all the debts and liabilities of Gold Fields, including the costs of liquidation, shall be dealt with by a liquidator who may, with the sanction of a special resolution, among other things, divide among the shareholders any part of the assets of Gold Fields, and may vest any part of the assets of Gold Fields as the liquidator deems fit in trustees for the benefit of shareholders. The division of assets is not required to be done in accordance with the legal rights of shareholders of Gold Fields. In particular, any class may be given preferential or special rights or may be partly or fully excluded.
Purchase of Shares
The Companies Act permits the establishment of share incentive trusts for the purpose of purchasing shares of a company for the benefit of its employees, including salaried directors. These share incentive trusts are permitted to extend loans to company employees, other than non-salaried directors, for the purpose of purchasing or subscribing for shares of the company.
Gold Fields may, if authorized by special resolution, acquire its own shares; provided that there are no reasonable grounds for believing that Gold Fields is or would be, after the payment, unable to pay its debts or that Gold Fields consolidated assets would, after the payment, be less than its consolidated liabilities. The procedure for acquisition of shares by Gold Fields is regulated by its Memorandum of Incorporation, the Companies Act and the Listings Requirements of the JSE.
Borrowing Powers
The directors may exercise all the powers of Gold Fields to borrow money and to give all or any part of its property as security and to issue debentures or debenture stock (whether secured or unsecured) and other securities (with such special privileges, if any, as to allotment of shares or stock, attending and voting at general meetings, appointment of directors or otherwise as may be sanctioned by a general meeting) whether outright or as security for any debt, liability or obligation of Gold Fields or of any third-party. Gold Fields has unlimited borrowing powers.
Non-South African Shareholders
There are no limitations imposed by South African law or by the Memorandum of Incorporation of Gold Fields on the rights of non-South African shareholders to hold or vote Gold Fields ordinary shares.
Rights of Minority Shareholders and Directors Duties
Majority shareholders of South African companies have no fiduciary obligations under South African common law to noncontrolling shareholders. However, under the Companies Act, a shareholder may, under certain circumstances, seek relief from the court if he has been unfairly prejudiced by the company. There may also be common law personal actions available to a shareholder of a company.
257
In South Africa, the common law imposes on directors duties to, among other things, act with care, skill and diligence and to conduct the companys affairs honestly and in the best interests of the company.
Material Contracts
Mvelaphanda Transaction
See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsOverviewGeneralMvelaphanda Transaction.
Additional Black Economic Empowerment Transactions
On August 5, 2010, Gold Fields announced a series of empowerment transactions to meet its 2014 Black Economic Empowerment equity ownership requirements. On November 2, 2010, the shareholders of Gold Fields approved these transactions at the General Meeting which included the establishment of an Employee Share Option Scheme, or ESOP, the issue of approximately 600,000 Gold Fields shares to a broad-based BEE consortium, or BEECO, and BEECOs subscription for a 10% holding in South Deep with a phase in participation over 20 years. On November 19, 2010, Gold Fields issued 13,525,394 shares to the ESOP housed and administered by the Gold Fields Thusano Share Trust, thereby commencing the implementation of the ESOP transaction. The remaining empowerment transactions have been completed.
$1 billion Note Issue
See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit Facilities and Other Capital Resources$1 billion Note Issue.
Project Finance Facility
See Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsPeru OperationCerro Corona and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit Facilities and Other Capital ResourcesProject Finance Facility.
$200 million Non-revolving Senior Secured Term Loan
See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit Facilities and Other Capital Resources$200 million Non-revolving Senior Secured Term Loan.
$60 million Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility
See Operating and Financial Review and Prospects Credit Facilities and Other Capital Resources$60 million Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility.
Split-tenor Revolving Credit Facility
See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit Facilities and Other Capital ResourcesSplit- tenor Revolving Credit Facility.
R1,000 million Standard Bank Revolving Credit Facility
See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit Facilities and Other Capital Resources R3,500 million Long Term Revolving Credit Facilities.
R500 million RMB Revolving Credit Facility
See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit Facilities and Other Capital Resources R3,000 million Long Term Revolving Credit Facilities.
258
R10 billion Domestic Medium Term Note Program
See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit Facilities and Other Capital ResourcesR10 billion Domestic Medium Term Note Program.
$1 billion Syndicated Revolving Credit Facility
See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit Facilities and Other Capital Resources$1 Billion Syndicated Revolving Credit Facility.
Management and Other Compensatory Plans and Arrangements
See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesThe Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan, Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesThe Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Share Plan, Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesThe GF Management Incentive Scheme, Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesThe GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan and Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesExecutive Directors Terms of Employment.
Deposit Agreement
Gold Fields has an American Depositary Receipt facility. In connection with this facility, Gold Fields is party to a Deposit Agreement, dated as of February 2, 1998, as amended and restated as of May 21, 2002 among Gold Fields, The Bank of New York (now known as The Bank of New York Mellon, or BNYM), as Depositary, and all owners and holders from time to time of American Depositary Receipts issued thereunder.
This summary is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Deposit Agreement, including the form of ADRs attached thereto. Terms used in this section and not otherwise defined will have the meanings set forth in the Deposit Agreement. Copies of the Deposit Agreement are available for inspection at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary, located at 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York 10286. The Depositarys principal executive office is located at One Wall Street, New York, New York 10286.
American Depositary Receipts
Each Gold Fields ADS represents ownership interests in one Gold Fields ordinary share and the rights attributable to one Gold Fields ordinary share that Gold Fields will deposit with one of the custodians, which currently are Standard Bank of South Africa, First National Bank of South Africa and Societe Generale. Each Gold Fields ADR also represents securities, cash or other property deposited with BNYM but not distributed to holders of Gold Fields ADRs.
As BNYM will actually be the holder of the underlying ordinary shares, Gold Fields will not treat you as one of its shareholders. As a holder of ADSs, you will have ADR holder rights. A Deposit Agreement among Gold Fields, BNYM and you, as a Gold Fields ADR holder, sets out the ADR holders rights and obligations of BNYM, as depositary. New York state law governs the Deposit Agreement and the ADRs evidencing the Gold Fields ADSs.
You may hold ADRs either directly or indirectly through your broker or financial institution. If you hold ADRs directly, you are an ADR holder. This description assumes you hold your ADRs directly. If you hold the ADRs indirectly, you must rely on the procedures of your broker or financial institution to assert the rights of ADR holders described in this section. You should consult with your broker or financial institution to find out what those procedures are.
259
Share Dividends and Other Distributions
How will you receive dividends and other distributions on the ordinary shares?
BNYM will pay to you the cash dividends or other distributions it or the custodian receives on the ordinary shares or other deposited securities, after deducting its fees and expenses. You will receive these distributions in proportion to the number of ordinary shares your Gold Fields ADSs represent.
Cash:
BNYM will convert any cash dividend or distribution Gold Fields pays on the ordinary shares, other than any dividend or distribution paid in U.S. dollars, into U.S. dollars. If that is not possible on a reasonable basis, or if any approval from any government is needed and cannot be obtained, the Deposit Agreement allows BNYM to distribute the foreign currency only to those ADS holders to whom it is possible to do so or to hold the foreign currency it cannot convert for the account of the ADS holders who have not been paid. It will not invest the foreign currency and it will not be liable for any interest.
Before making a distribution, BNYM will deduct any withholding taxes that must be paid under applicable laws. It will distribute only whole U.S. dollars and U.S. cents and will round any fractional amounts to the nearest whole cent. If the exchange rates fluctuate during a time when BNYM cannot convert the foreign currency, you may lose some or all of the value of the distribution.
Ordinary shares:
BNYM will distribute new ADRs representing any ordinary shares Gold Fields distributes as a dividend or free distribution, if Gold Fields requests that BNYM make this distribution and if Gold Fields furnishes BNYM promptly with satisfactory evidence that it is legal to do so. BNYM will only distribute whole ADRs. It will sell ordinary shares which would require it to issue a fractional ADS and distribute the net proceeds to the holders entitled to those ordinary shares. If BNYM does not distribute additional cash or ADSs, each ADS will also represent the new ordinary shares.
Right to purchase additional ordinary shares:
If Gold Fields offers holders of securities any rights, including rights to subscribe for additional ordinary shares, BNYM may take actions necessary to make these rights available to you. Gold Fields must first instruct BNYM to do so and furnish it with satisfactory evidence that it is legal to do so. If Gold Fields does not furnish this evidence and/or give these instructions, and BNYM determines that it is practical to sell the rights, BNYM may sell the rights and allocate the net proceeds to holders accounts. BNYM may allow rights that are not distributed or sold to lapse. In that case, you will receive no value for them.
If BNYM makes rights available to you, upon instruction from you it will exercise the rights and purchase the ordinary shares on your behalf. BNYM will then deposit the ordinary shares and deliver ADSs to you. It will only exercise rights if you pay BNYM the exercise price and any charges the rights require you to pay. U.S. securities laws may restrict the sale, deposit, cancellation and transfer of the ADSs issued after exercise of rights. In this case, BNYM may deliver the ADSs under a separate restricted deposit agreement, which will contain the same provisions as the Deposit Agreement, except for changes needed to put the restrictions in place. BNYM will not offer you rights unless those rights and the securities to which the rights relate are either exempt from registration or have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933 with respect to a distribution to you.
Other distributions:
BNYM will send to you anything else Gold Fields distributes on deposited securities by any means BNYM thinks is legal, fair and practical. If it cannot make the distribution in that way, BNYM may decide to sell what
260
Gold Fields distributedfor example by public or private saleand distribute the net proceeds, in the same way as it does with cash, or it may decide to hold what Gold Fields distributed, in which case the ADRs will also represent the newly distributed property.
BNYM is not responsible if it decides that it is unlawful or impractical to make a distribution available to any ADR holder. Gold Fields will have no obligation to take any other action to permit the distribution of ADSs, ordinary shares, rights or anything else to ADS holders. This means that you may not receive the distribution Gold Fields makes on its ordinary shares or any value for them if it is illegal or impractical for Gold Fields to make them available to you.
Deposit, Withdrawal and Cancellation
How does the Depositary issue ADSs?
BNYM will deliver the ADSs that you are entitled to receive in the offer against deposit of the underlying ordinary shares. BNYM will deliver additional ADSs if you or your broker deposit ordinary shares with the custodian. You must also deliver evidence satisfactory to BNYM of any necessary approvals of the governmental agency in South Africa, if any, which is responsible for regulating currency exchange at that time. If required by BNYM, you must in addition deliver an agreement transferring your rights as a shareholder to receive dividends or other property. Upon payment of its fees and of any taxes or charges, BNYM will register the appropriate number of ADSs in the names you request and will deliver the ADRs at its Corporate Trust Office to the persons you request.
How do ADS holders cancel an ADS and obtain ordinary shares?
You may submit a written request to withdraw ordinary shares and turn in your ADRs evidencing your ADSs at the Corporate Trust Office of BNYM. Upon payment of its fees and of any taxes or charges, such as stamp taxes or stock transfer taxes, BNYM will deliver the deposited securities underlying the ADSs to an account designated by you at the office of the custodian. At your request, risk and expense, BNYM may deliver at its Corporate Trust Office any dividends or distributions with respect to the deposited securities represented by the ADSs, or any proceeds from the sale of any dividends, distributions or rights, which may be held by BNYM.
Record Dates
Whenever any distribution of cash or rights, change in the number of ordinary shares represented by ADSs or notice of a meeting of holders of ordinary shares or ADSs is made, BNYM will fix a record date for the determination of the owners entitled to receive the benefits, rights or notice.
Voting of Deposited Securities
How do you vote?
If you are an ADS holder on a record date fixed by BNYM, you may exercise the voting rights of the same class of securities as the ordinary shares represented by your ADSs, but only if Gold Fields asks BNYM to ask for your instructions. Otherwise, you will not be able to exercise your right to vote unless you withdraw the ordinary shares.
However, you may not know about the meeting enough in advance to withdraw the ordinary shares. If Gold Fields asks for your instructions, BNYM will notify you of the upcoming meeting and arrange to deliver certain materials to you. The materials will: (1) include all information included with the meeting notice sent by Gold Fields to BNYM, (2) explain how you may instruct BNYM to vote the ordinary shares or other deposited securities underlying your ADSs as you direct if you vote by mail or by proxy and (3) include a voting instruction card and any other information required under South African law that Gold Fields and BNYM will
261
prepare. For instructions to be valid, BNYM must receive them on or before the date specified in the instructions. BNYM will try, to the extent practical, subject to applicable law and the provisions of the by-laws of Gold Fields, to vote or have its agents vote the underlying shares as you instruct. BNYM will only vote, or attempt to vote, as you instruct. However, if BNYM does not receive your voting instructions, it will give a proxy to vote your ordinary shares to a designated representative of Gold Fields, unless Gold Fields informs BNYM that either: (1) it does not want the proxy issued, (2) substantial opposition exists or (3) the matter materially and adversely affects the rights of holders of ordinary shares.
Gold Fields cannot assure that you will receive the voting materials in time to ensure that you can instruct BNYM to vote your ordinary shares. In addition, BNYM and its agents are not responsible for failing to carry out voting instructions or for the manner of carrying out voting instructions. This means that you may not be able to exercise your right to vote and there may be nothing you can do if your ordinary shares are not voted as you requested.
Inspection of Transfer Books
BNYM will keep books for the registration and transfer of ADRs. These books will be open at all reasonable times for inspection by you, provided that you are inspecting the books for a purpose related to Gold Fields or the Deposit Agreement or the ADRs.
Reports and Other Communications
BNYM will make available for your inspection at its Corporate Trust Office any reports or communications, including any proxy material, received from Gold Fields, as long as these materials are received by BNYM as the holder of the deposited securities and generally available to Gold Fields shareholders. At Gold Fields written request, BNYM will also send copies of reports, notices and communications to you.
Fees and Expenses
BNYM, as Depositary, will charge any party depositing or withdrawing ordinary shares or any party surrendering ADRs or to whom ADRs are issued:
For: |
Gold Fields ADS holders must pay: | |
each issuance of a Gold Fields ADS, including as a result of a distribution of ordinary shares or rights or other property or upon exercise of a warrant to purchase an ADS |
$5.00 or less per 100 Gold Fields ADSs or portion thereof | |
each distribution of securities distributed to holders of Gold Fields ordinary shares which are distributed by BNYM to Gold Fields ADR holders |
any fees that would be payable if the securities had been ordinary shares and those ordinary shares had been deposited for the issuance of ADSs | |
each cancellation of a Gold Fields ADS, including if the Deposit Agreement terminates |
$5.00 or less per 100 Gold Fields ADSs or portion thereof | |
each cash distribution pursuant to the Deposit Agreement |
not more than $0.02 per ADS (or portion thereof) | |
annual depositary services |
not more than $0.02 per ADS (or portion thereof) paid annually, provided that this fee will not be charged if the $0.02 fee for cash distributions described above was charged during the calendar year |
262
For: |
Gold Fields ADS holders must pay: | |
transfer and registration of ordinary shares on the Gold Fields share register from your name to the name BNYM or its agent when you deposit or withdraw ordinary shares |
registration or transfer fees | |
conversion of foreign currency to U.S. dollars |
expenses of BNYM | |
cable, telex and facsimile transmission expenses, if expressly provided in the Deposit Agreement |
expenses of BNYM | |
as necessary |
certain taxes and governmental charges BNYM or the custodian has to pay on any Gold Fields ADS or ordinary share underlying a Gold Fields ADS |
In fiscal 2011, BNYM paid U.S.$1.3 million to Gold Fields as reimbursement for costs incurred over the year in connection with the ADR program.
Payment of Taxes
You will be responsible for any taxes or other governmental charges payable on your ADRs or on the deposited securities underlying your ADRs. BNYM may deduct the amount of any taxes owed from any payments to you. It may also restrict or refuse the transfer of your Gold Fields ADSs or restrict or refuse the withdrawal of your underlying deposited securities until you pay any taxes owed on your Gold Fields ADSs or underlying securities. It may also sell deposited securities to pay any taxes owed. You will remain liable if the proceeds of the sale are not enough to pay the taxes. If BNYM sells deposited securities, it will, if appropriate, reduce the number of Gold Fields ADSs held by you to reflect the sale and pay to you any proceeds, or send to you any property, remaining after it has paid the taxes.
Reclassifications, Recapitalizations and Mergers
If Gold Fields:
| changes the par value of any of the Gold Fields ordinary shares; |
| reclassifies, splits or consolidates any of the Gold Fields ordinary shares; |
| distributes securities on any of the Gold Fields ordinary shares that are not distributed to you; or |
| recapitalizes, reorganizes, merges, consolidates, sells its assets, or takes any similar action, then: |
the cash, ordinary shares or other securities received by BNYM will become new deposited securities under the Deposit Agreement, and each Gold Fields ADS will automatically represent the right to receive a proportional interest in the new deposited securities; and BNYM may and will, if Gold Fields asks it to, distribute some or all of the cash, ordinary shares or other securities it received. It may also issue new Gold Fields ADSs or ask you to surrender your outstanding Gold Fields ADSs in exchange for new Gold Fields ADSs identifying the new deposited securities.
Amendment and Termination of the Deposit Agreement
How may the Deposit Agreement be amended?
Gold Fields may agree with BNYM to amend the Deposit Agreement and the Gold Fields ADRs without your consent for any reason. If the amendment adds or increases fees or charges, except for taxes and governmental charges, or prejudices an important right of Gold Fields ADS holders, it will only become effective
263
30 days after BNYM notifies you of the amendment. At the time an amendment becomes effective, you are considered, by continuing to hold your ADSs, to agree to the amendment and to be bound by the agreement as amended. However, no amendment will impair your right to receive the deposited securities in exchange for your Gold Fields ADSs.
How may the Deposit Agreement be terminated?
BNYM will terminate the Deposit Agreement if Gold Fields asks it to do so, in which case it must notify you at least 30 days before termination. BNYM may also terminate the agreement after notifying you if BNYM informs Gold Fields that it would like to resign and Gold Fields does not appoint a new depositary bank within 90 days.
If any Gold Fields ADSs remain outstanding after termination, BNYM will stop registering the transfer of Gold Fields ADSs, will stop distributing dividends to Gold Fields ADS holders, and will not give any further notices or do anything else under the Deposit Agreement other than:
| collect dividends and distributions on the deposited securities; |
| sell rights and other property offered to holders of deposited securities; and |
| deliver ordinary shares and other deposited securities upon cancellation of Gold Fields ADSs. |
At any time after one year after termination of the Deposit Agreement, BNYM may sell any remaining deposited securities by public or private sale. After that, BNYM will hold the money it received on the sale, as well as any cash it is holding under the Deposit Agreement, for the pro rata benefit of the Gold Fields ADS holders that have not surrendered their Gold Fields ADSs. It will not invest the money and has no liability for interest. BNYMs only obligations will be to account for the money and cash. After termination, Gold Fields only obligations will be with respect to indemnification of, and to pay specified amounts to, BNYM.
Your Right to Receive the Ordinary Shares Underlying Your Gold Fields ADSs
You have the right to cancel your Gold Fields ADSs and withdraw the underlying ordinary shares at any time except:
| due to temporary delays caused by BNYM or Gold Fields closing its transfer books, the transfer of ordinary shares being blocked in connection with voting at a shareholders meeting, or Gold Fields paying dividends; |
| when you or other ADR holders seeking to withdraw ordinary shares owe money to pay fees, taxes and similar charges; or |
| when it is necessary to prohibit withdrawals in order to comply with any laws or governmental regulations that apply to Gold Fields ADSs or to the withdrawal of ordinary shares or other deposited securities. |
This right of withdrawal may not be limited by any provision of the Deposit Agreement.
Limitations on Obligations and Liability to Gold Fields ADS Holders
The Deposit Agreement expressly limits the obligations of Gold Fields and BNYM. It also limits the liability of Gold Fields and BNYM. Gold Fields and BNYM:
| are only obligated to take the actions specifically set forth in the Deposit Agreement without negligence or bad faith; |
264
| are not liable if either of them is prevented or delayed by law, any provision of the Gold Fields by-laws or circumstances beyond their control, from performing their obligations under the agreement; |
| are not liable if either of them exercises, or fails to exercise, discretion permitted under the agreement; |
| have no obligation to become involved in a lawsuit or proceeding related to the ADSs or the Deposit Agreement on your behalf or on behalf of any other party unless they are indemnified to their satisfaction; and |
| may rely upon any advice of or information from any legal counsel, accountants, any person depositing ordinary shares, any Gold Fields ADS holder or any other person whom they believe in good faith is competent to give them that advice or information. |
In the Deposit Agreement, Gold Fields and BNYM agree to indemnify each other under specified circumstances.
Requirements for Depositary Actions
Before BNYM will deliver or register the transfer of a Gold Fields ADS, make a distribution on a Gold Fields ADS, or permit withdrawal of ordinary shares, BNYM may require:
| payment of taxes, including stock transfer taxes or other governmental charges, and transfer or registration fees charged by third parties for the transfer of any ordinary shares or other deposited securities, as well as the fees and expenses of BNYM; |
| production of satisfactory proof of the identity of the person presenting ordinary shares for deposit or Gold Fields ADSs upon withdrawal, and of the genuineness of any signature; and |
| compliance with regulations BNYM may establish consistent with the Deposit Agreement, including presentation of transfer documents. |
BNYM may refuse to deliver, transfer, or register transfer of Gold Fields ADSs generally when the transfer books of BNYM are closed or at any time if BNYM or Gold Fields thinks it advisable to do so.
Pre-Release of Gold Fields ADSs
In certain circumstances, subject to the provisions of the Deposit Agreement, BNYM may deliver Gold Fields ADSs before deposit of the underlying ordinary shares. This is called a pre-release of Gold Fields ADSs. BNYM may also deliver ordinary shares prior to the receipt and cancellation of pre-released Gold Fields ADSs (even if those Gold Fields ADSs are canceled before the pre-release transaction has been closed out). A pre-release is closed out as soon as the underlying ordinary shares are delivered to BNYM. BNYM may receive Gold Fields ADSs instead of the ordinary shares to close out a pre-release. BNYM may pre-release Gold Fields ADSs only under the following conditions:
| before or at the time of the pre-release, the person to whom the pre-release is being made must represent to BNYM in writing that it or its customer, as the case may be, owns the ordinary shares or Gold Fields ADSs to be deposited; |
| the pre-release must be fully collateralized with cash or collateral that BNYM considers appropriate; and |
| BNYM must be able to close out the pre-release on not more than five business days notice. |
The pre-release will be subject to whatever indemnities and credit regulations BNYM considers appropriate. In addition, BNYM will limit the number of Gold Fields ADSs that may be outstanding at any time as a result of pre-release.
265
Governing Law
The Deposit Agreement is governed by the law of the State of New York.
South African Exchange Control Limitations Affecting Security Holders
The discussion below relates to exchange controls in force as of the date of this annual report. These controls are subject to change at any time without notice. It is not possible to predict whether existing exchange controls will be abolished, continued or amended by the South African government in the future. Investors are urged to consult a professional adviser as to the exchange control implications of their particular investments.
Acquisitions of shares or assets of South African companies by non-South African purchasers solely for a cash consideration equal to the fair value of the shares, will generally be permitted by the SARB pursuant to South African exchange control regulations. An acquisition of shares or assets of a South African company by a non-South African purchaser may be refused by the SARB in other circumstances, such as if the consideration for the acquisition is shares in a non-South African company or if the acquisition is financed by a loan from a South African lender. Denial of SARB approval for an acquisition of shares or assets of a South African company may result in the transaction not being able to be completed. Subject to this limitation, there are no restrictions on equity investments in South African companies and a foreign investor may invest freely in the ordinary shares and ADSs of Gold Fields.
There are no exchange control restrictions on the remittance in full of dividends declared out of trading profits to non-residents of the Common Monetary Area (comprising South Africa, the Kingdoms of Lesotho and Swaziland and the Republic of Namibia) by Gold Fields.
Under South African exchange control regulations, the ordinary shares and ADSs of Gold Fields are freely transferable outside South Africa between persons who are not residents of the Common Monetary Area. Additionally, where ordinary shares are sold on the JSE on behalf of shareholders of Gold Fields who are not residents of the Common Monetary Area, the proceeds of such sales will be freely exchangeable into foreign currency and remittable to them. Any share certificates held by non-resident Gold Fields shareholders will be endorsed with the words non-resident. The same endorsement, however, will not be applicable to ADSs of Gold Fields held by non-resident shareholders.
Taxation
Certain South African Tax Considerations
The discussion in this section sets forth the material South African tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Gold Fields ordinary shares or ADSs under current South African law. Changes in the law may alter the tax treatment of Gold Fields ordinary shares or ADSs, possibly on a retroactive basis.
The following summary is not a comprehensive description of all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision to purchase, own or dispose of Gold Fields ordinary shares or ADSs and does not cover tax consequences that depend upon your particular tax circumstances. In particular, the following summary addresses tax consequences for holders of ordinary shares or ADSs who are not residents of, or who do not carry on business in, South Africa and who hold ordinary shares or ADSs as capital assets (that is, for investment purposes). For the purposes of the income tax treaty between South Africa and the United States, and South African tax law, a United States resident that owns Gold Fields ADSs will be treated as the owner of the Gold Fields ordinary shares represented by such ADSs. Gold Fields recommends that you consult your own tax adviser about the consequences of holding Gold Fields ordinary shares or ADSs, as applicable, in your particular situation.
266
Withholding Tax on Dividends
Under South African law, no withholding tax applies to, and no other tax is payable by, shareholders or ADS holders on dividends paid to non-resident shareholders or non-resident ADS holders. It should be noted that the 15% withholding tax on dividends declared by South African resident companies to non-resident shareholders or non-resident ADS holders was introduced with effect from January 1, 2012. Generally, under the terms of the reciprocal tax treaty entered into between South Africa and the United States, or the Treaty, the withholding tax is limited to 5% of the gross amount of the dividends if the beneficial owner of the shares is a company holding directly at least 10% of the voting stock of the company paying the dividends and to 15% of the gross amount of the dividends in all other cases. South Africa currently imposes a tax on companies distributing dividends, the STC, at a rate of 10%. Although it applies to the dividend paying company, and not the recipient, STC is a recognized form of tax in terms of the double taxation convention between South Africa and the United States, but does not constitute a withholding tax on dividends. STC has been abolished with effect from April 1, 2012.
Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax
Non-resident holders of ordinary shares or ADSs will not be subject to income or capital gains tax in South Africa, with respect to the disposal of those ordinary shares or ADSs, on the basis that the Shares do not relate to any immovable property held in South Africa, unless the non-resident carried on business through a permanent establishment in South Africa, and the profits are realized in the ordinary course of that business.
Securities Transfer Tax
No Securities Transfer Tax, or STT, is payable in South Africa with respect to the issue of a security.
STT is charged at a rate of 0.25% on the taxable amount of the transfer of every security issued by a company or a close corporation incorporated in South Africa, or a company incorporated outside South Africa but listed on an exchange in South Africa, subject to certain exemptions.
The word transfer is broadly defined and includes the transfer, sale, assignment or cession or disposal in any other manner of a security. The cancellation or redemption of a security is also regarded as a transfer unless the company is being liquidated. However, the issue of a security that does not result in a change in beneficial ownership is not regarded as a transfer.
STT is levied on the taxable amount of a security. The taxable amount of a listed security is the greater of the consideration for the security declared by the transferee or the closing price of that security. The taxable amount of an unlisted security is the greater of the consideration given for the acquisition of the security or the market value of the unlisted security. In the case of a transfer of a listed security, either the member or the participant or the person to whom the security is transferred is liable for the tax. The tax must be paid within a period of 14 days from the transfer. The liability for tax with respect to the transfer of listed securities lies with the party facilitating the transfer or the recipient of the security.
The liability for STT with respect to the transfer of unlisted securities is that of the company that issued the unlisted security. The STT must be paid by the company issuing the unlisted security within two months from the date of the transfer of such security.
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations
TO ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH TREASURY DEPARTMENT CIRCULAR 230, HOLDERS ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT: (A) ANY DISCUSSION OF FEDERAL TAX ISSUES IN THIS DOCUMENT IS NOT INTENDED OR WRITTEN TO BE RELIED UPON, AND CANNOT BE RELIED UPON, BY
267
HOLDERS FOR THE PURPOSE OF AVOIDING PENALTIES THAT MAY BE IMPOSED ON HOLDERS UNDER THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE; (B) SUCH DISCUSSION IS INCLUDED HEREIN BY GOLD FIELDS IN CONNECTION WITH THE PROMOTION OR MARKETING (WITHIN THE MEANING OF CIRCULAR 230) BY GOLD FIELDS OF THE TRANSACTIONS OR MATTERS ADDRESSED HEREIN; AND (C) HOLDERS SHOULD SEEK ADVICE BASED ON THEIR PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES FROM AN INDEPENDENT TAX ADVISER.
The following discussion summarizes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of ordinary shares and ADSs. This summary applies to you only if you are a beneficial owner of ordinary shares or ADSs and you are, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
| a citizen or resident of the United States; |
| a corporation created or organized under the laws of the United States or any State within the United States; or |
| otherwise subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis in respect of the ordinary shares or ADSs. |
The U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner in a partnership that holds ordinary shares or ADSs will depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If you are a partnership, you should consult your tax adviser concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences to your partners of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of ordinary shares or ADSs by you.
This summary only applies to holders that hold ordinary shares or ADSs as capital assets. This summary is based upon:
| the current tax laws of the United States, including the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; |
| current U.S. Internal Revenue Service practice and applicable U.S. court decisions; and |
| the income tax treaty between the United States and South Africa. |
This summary assumes that the obligations of the Depositary under the Deposit Agreement and any related agreements will be performed in accordance with their terms.
The following summary is of a general nature and does not address all U.S. federal income tax consequences that may be relevant to you in light of your particular situation. For example, this summary does not apply to:
| investors that own (directly or indirectly) 10% or more of Gold Fields voting stock; |
| financial institutions; |
| insurance companies; |
| investors liable for the alternative minimum tax; |
| individual retirement accounts and other tax-deferred accounts; |
| tax-exempt organizations; |
| dealers in securities or currencies; |
| investors that hold ordinary shares or ADSs as part of straddles, hedging transactions or conversion transactions for U.S. federal income tax purposes; or |
| investors whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar. |
268
Gold Fields does not believe that it should be treated as, and does not expect to become, a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes but the Companys possible status as a PFIC must be determined annually and therefore may be subject to change. If Gold Fields were to be treated as a PFIC, U.S. Holders of Shares or ADSs would be required (i) to pay a special U.S. addition to tax on certain distributions and gains on sale and (ii) to pay tax on any gain from the sale of Shares or ADSs at ordinary income (rather than capital gains) rates in addition to paying the special addition to tax on this gain. Additionally, dividends paid by the Company would not be eligible for the special reduced rate of tax described below under Taxation of Dividends. Prospective purchasers should consult their tax advisers regarding the potential application of the PFIC regime.
The summary of U.S. federal income tax consequences set out below is for general information only. You are urged to consult your tax advisers as to the particular tax consequences to you of acquiring, owning and disposing of the ordinary shares or ADSs, including the applicability and effect of state, local, foreign and other tax laws and possible changes in tax law.
U.S. Holders of ADSs
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, an owner of ADSs will be treated as the owner of the corresponding number of underlying ordinary shares held by the depositary for the ADSs, and references to ordinary shares in the following discussion refer also to ADSs representing the ordinary shares.
Taxation of Dividends
Distributions paid out of Gold Fields current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) will generally be taxable to you as foreign source dividend income, and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporations. Distributions that exceed Gold Fields current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of your basis in the ordinary shares and thereafter as capital gain. However, we do not maintain calculations of our earnings and profits in accordance with U.S. federal income tax accounting principles. You should therefore assume that any distribution by us with respect to the shares will constitute ordinary dividend income. You should consult your own tax advisers with respect to the appropriate U.S. federal income tax treatment of any distribution received from us. For purposes of determining limitations on any foreign tax credits, dividends paid by Gold Fields will generally constitute passive income.
For taxable years that begin before 2013, dividends paid by Gold Fields will be taxable to non-corporate U.S. Holders at the special reduced rate normally applicable to capital gains, provided that either Gold Fields qualifies for the benefits of the income tax treaty between the United States and South Africa, or the ADSs are considered to be readily tradable on the NYSE. You will be eligible for this reduced rate only if you are an individual, and have held the ordinary shares for more than 60 days during the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the ex-dividend date.
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the amount of any dividend paid in Rand will be included in income in a U.S. dollar amount calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the date the dividends are received by you or the depositary (in the case of ADSs). If you or the depositary, as the case may be, convert dividends received in Rand into U.S. dollars on the day they are received, you generally will not be required to recognize foreign currency gain or loss in respect of this dividend income.
Effect of South African Withholding Taxes
As discussed in Certain South African Tax ConsiderationsWithholding Tax on Dividends, South Africa imposed the STC on the distribution of earnings in the form of dividends on the company declaring the dividend. A U.S. Holder would generally not be entitled to a foreign tax credit for the STC. However, beginning on
269
April 1, 2012, the STC will be replaced by a withholding tax of 15% on dividends paid by Gold Fields. A U.S. Holder will generally be entitled, subject to certain limitations, to a foreign tax credit against its U.S. federal income tax liability, or a deduction in computing its U.S. federal taxable income, for South African income taxes withheld by Gold Fields.
U.S. Holders that receive payments subject to this withholding tax will be treated, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as having received the amount of South African taxes withheld by Gold Fields, and as then having paid over the withheld taxes to the South African taxing authorities. As a result of this rule, the amount of dividend income included in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes by a U.S. Holder with respect to a payment of dividends may be greater than the amount of cash actually received (or receivable) by the U.S. Holder from Gold Fields with respect to the payment.
For purposes of the foreign tax credit limitation, foreign source income is classified in one of two baskets, and the credit for foreign taxes on income in any basket is limited to U.S. federal income tax allocable to that income. Dividends paid by Gold Fields generally will constitute foreign source income in the passive income basket. If a U.S. Holder receives a dividend from Gold Fields that qualifies for the reduced rate described above under Taxation of Dividends, the amount of the dividend taken into account in calculating the foreign tax credit limitation will in general be limited to the gross amount of the dividend, multiplied by the reduced rate divided by the highest rate of tax normally applicable to dividends. In certain circumstances, a U.S. Holder may be unable to claim foreign tax credits (and may instead be allowed deductions) for foreign taxes imposed on a dividend if the U.S. Holder has not held the Shares for at least 16 days in the 31-day period beginning 15 days before the ex dividend date.
U.S. Holders that are accrual basis taxpayers, and who do not otherwise elect, must translate South African taxes into U.S. dollars at a rate equal to the average exchange rate for the taxable year in which the taxes accrue, while all U.S. Holders must translate taxable dividend income into U.S. dollars at the spot rate on the date received. This difference in exchange rates may reduce the U.S. dollar value of the credits for South African taxes relative to the U.S. Holders U.S. federal income tax liability attributable to a dividend. However, cash basis and electing accrual basis U.S. Holders may translate South African taxes into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate in effect on the day the taxes were paid. Any such election by an accrual basis U.S. Holder will apply for the taxable year in which it is made and all subsequent taxable years, unless revoked with the consent of the IRS.
Taxation of a Sale or Other Disposition
Your tax basis in an ordinary share will generally be its U.S. dollar cost. The U.S. dollar cost of an ordinary share purchased with foreign currency will generally be the U.S. dollar value of the purchase price on the date of purchase or, in the case of ordinary shares traded on an established securities market, as defined in the applicable Treasury Regulations, that are purchased by a cash basis taxpayer (or an accrual basis taxpayer that so elects), on the settlement date for the purchase. Such an election by an accrual basis taxpayer must be applied consistently from year to year and cannot be revoked without the consent of the IRS.
Upon a sale or other disposition of ordinary shares or ADSs, other than an exchange of ADSs for ordinary shares and vice versa, you will generally recognize capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes equal to the difference between the amount realized and your adjusted tax basis in the ordinary shares or ADSs. This capital gain or loss will be long-term capital gain or loss if your holding period in the ordinary shares or ADSs exceeds one year. However, regardless of your actual holding period, any loss may be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent you receive a dividend that qualifies for the reduced rate described above under Taxation of Dividends and also exceeds 10% of your basis in the ordinary shares. Any gain or loss will generally be U.S. source.
The amount realized on a sale or other disposition of ordinary shares for an amount in foreign currency will be the U.S. dollar value of this amount on the date of sale or disposition. On the settlement date, you will
270
recognize U.S. source foreign currency gain or loss (taxable as ordinary income or loss) equal to the difference (if any) between the U.S. dollar value of the amount received based on the exchange rates in effect on the date of sale or other disposition and the settlement date. However, in the case of ordinary shares traded on an established securities market that are sold by a cash basis taxpayer (or an accrual basis taxpayer that so elects), the amount realized will be based on the exchange rate in effect on the settlement date for the sale, and no exchange gain or loss will be recognized at that time.
Foreign currency received on the sale or other disposition of an ordinary share will have a tax basis equal to its U.S. dollar value on the settlement date. Foreign currency that is purchased will generally have a tax basis equal to the U.S. dollar value of the foreign currency on the date of purchase. Any gain or loss recognized on a sale or other disposition of a foreign currency (including its use to purchase ordinary shares or upon exchange for U.S. dollars) will be U.S. source ordinary income or loss.
Deposits and withdrawals of ordinary shares by U.S. holders in exchange for ADSs will not result in the realization of gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Your tax basis in withdrawn ordinary shares will be the same as your tax basis in the ADSs surrendered, and your holding period for the ordinary shares will include the holding period of the ADSs.
To the extent you incur Securities Transfer Tax in connection with a transfer or withdrawal of ordinary shares as described under Certain South African Tax ConsiderationsSecurities Transfer Tax above, such securities transfer tax will not be a creditable tax for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
Payments of dividends and other proceeds with respect to ordinary shares or ADSs by U.S. persons will be reported to you and to the IRS as may be required under applicable regulations. Backup withholding may apply to these payments if you fail to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number or certification of exempt status or fail to report all interest and dividends required to be shown on your U.S. federal income tax returns. Some holders are not subject to backup withholding. You should consult your tax adviser as to your qualification for an exemption from backup withholding and the procedure for obtaining an exemption.
New Legislation
Legislation enacted in March 2010, the Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment (HIRE) Act of 2010, imposes new reporting requirements on the holding of certain foreign financial assets, including equity of foreign entities, if the aggregate value of all of these assets exceeds $50,000. Gold Fields ordinary shares and ADSs are expected to constitute foreign financial assets subject to these requirements unless they are held in an account at a financial institution (in which case, the account may be reportable if maintained by a foreign financial institution). You should consult you tax advisor regarding the application of this legislation.
Documents on Display
Gold Fields files annual and special reports and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. You may read and copy any reports or other information on file at the SECs public reference room at the following location:
100 F Street, N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20549
Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference room. The SEC filings are also available to the public from commercial document retrieval services. Gold Fields SEC filings may also be obtained electronically via the EDGAR system on the website maintained by the SEC at http://www.sec.gov.
271
ITEM 11: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Gold Fields is exposed to market risks, including foreign currency, commodity price and interest rate risk associated with underlying assets, liabilities and anticipated transactions. Following periodic evaluation of these exposures, Gold Fields may enter into derivative financial instruments to manage some of these exposures. As part of its strategy, however, Gold Fields does not generally hedge against the risk of changes in the price of gold. See Commodity Price SensitivityCommodity Price Hedging Policy.
Gold Fields has policies in areas such as counterparty exposure, hedging practices and prudential limits which have been approved by Gold Fields Board of Directors. Management of financial risk is centralized at Gold Fields treasury department, which acts as the interface between Gold Fields operations and counterparty banks. The treasury department manages financial risk in accordance with the policies and procedures established by the Gold Fields Board of Directors and Executive Committee. Gold Fields Audit Committee has approved dealing limits for money market, foreign exchange and commodity transactions, which Gold Fields treasury department is required to adhere to. Among other restrictions, these limits describe which instruments may be traded and demarcate open position limits for each category as well as indicating counterparty credit- related limits. The dealing exposure and limits are checked and controlled each day and reported to the Chief Financial Officer.
Foreign Currency Sensitivity
General
In the ordinary course of business, Gold Fields enters into transactions, such as gold and concentrate sales, denominated in foreign currencies, primarily U.S. dollars. In addition, Gold Fields has investments and indebtedness in various foreign currencies, primarily U.S. and Australian dollars. Although this exposes Gold Fields to transaction and translation exposure from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, Gold Fields does not generally hedge this exposure, although it may do so in specific circumstances, such as foreign currency commitments, financing projects or acquisitions. Also, Gold Fields on occasion undertakes currency hedging to take advantage of favorable short-term fluctuations in exchange rates when management believes exchange rates are at unsustainably high levels.
Foreign Currency Hedging Experience
Gold Fields uses various derivative instruments to protect its exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates.
During fiscal 2011, forward cover was taken out to cover various commitments of the South African operations. The following contract was outstanding at the end of fiscal 2011:
| A$/ZARA$2.7 million at an average rate of R7.9597 with a final expiry on May 15, 2012. |
Realized gains and losses on financial instruments are disclosed in detail under Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsRealized (loss)/gain on financial instruments.
Foreign Currency Contract Position
As of December 31, 2011, there were no material foreign currency contract positions.
Foreign Currency Sensitivity Analysis
Gold Fields revenues and costs are very sensitive to the Rand/U.S. dollar and Australian dollar/U.S. dollar exchange rates because revenues are generated using a gold price denominated in U.S. dollars, while costs of the
272
South African and Australian operations are incurred principally in Rand and Australian dollars, respectively. Depreciation of the Rand and Australian dollar against the U.S. dollar results in lower operating costs when they are translated into U.S. dollars, thereby increasing the operating margin of the South African and Australian operations. Conversely, appreciation of the Rand and Australian dollar results in higher operating costs when translated into U.S. dollars, thereby decreasing the operating margins at the South African and Australian operations. The impact on profitability of changes in the value of the Rand and Australian dollar against the U.S. dollar can be substantial.
A sensitivity analysis of the mark-to-market valuation has not been performed as there were no material foreign currency contracts as of December 31, 2011.
Commodity Price Sensitivity
General
Gold and copper
The market price of gold and to a lesser extent copper have a significant effect on the results of operations of Gold Fields, the ability of Gold Fields to pay dividends and undertake capital expenditures, and the market price of Gold Fields ordinary shares. Gold and copper prices have historically fluctuated widely and are affected by numerous industry factors over which Gold Fields does not have any control. See Risk FactorsChanges in the market price for gold, and to a lesser extent copper, which in the past have fluctuated widely, affect the profitability of Gold Fields operations and the cash flows generated by those operations and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsRevenues. The aggregate effect of these factors on the gold and copper prices, all of which are beyond the control of Gold Fields, is impossible for Gold Fields to predict.
Oil
The market price of oil has a significant effect on the results of the offshore operations of Gold Fields. The offshore operations consume large quantities of diesel in the running of their mining fleets. Oil prices have historically fluctuated widely and are affected by numerous factors over which Gold Fields does not have any control.
Commodity Price Hedging Policy
Gold and copper
Generally, Gold Fields does not enter into forward sales, derivatives or other hedging arrangements to establish a price in advance for future gold and copper production. On an exceptional basis, Gold Fields may consider gold and copper hedging arrangements in one or more of the following circumstances:
| to protect cash flows at times of significant capital expenditure; |
| for specific debt-servicing requirements; and |
| to safeguard the viability of higher cost operations. |
See Information on the CompanyStrategyHedging.
To the extent that it enters into commodity hedging arrangements, Gold Fields seeks to use different counterparty banks consisting of local and international banks to spread risk. None of the counterparties is affiliated with, or a related party of, Gold Fields.
Oil
Generally Gold Fields does not enter into derivatives or other hedging arrangements to establish a price in advance for future oil consumption. However, where oil prices are expected to increase in the short- to medium- term, Gold Fields may consider hedging the oil price in order to protect itself against the adverse cost effects of a material increase in the oil price.
273
Commodity Price Hedging Experience
Gold
No gold derivative instruments were entered into during fiscal 2011.
Copper
During June 2009, Gold Fields La Cima sold forward 8,705 tons of Cerro Coronas expected copper production for fiscal 2010 for monthly deliveries. The contract ran from June 24, 2009 to June 23, 2010. The average forward price for the monthly deliveries is U.S.$5,001 per ton. An additional 8,705 tons of Cerro Coronas expected copper production for fiscal 2010 was hedged by means of a zero cost collar, guaranteeing a minimum price of U.S.$4,600 per ton with full participation up to a maximum price of U.S.$5,400 per ton. The contract realized a total loss of $25.9 million.
No further contracts were entered into during fiscal 2011.
Oil
From time to time, various subsidiaries of Gold Fields enter into call options to fix the price of specified quantities of diesel fuel. During fiscal 2009, the following options were entered into and expired unexercised during fiscal 2009 and 2010:
| On June 25, 2008, after the Company closed its accounts for fiscal 2008, Gold Fields Ghana purchased a one-year Asian style ICE Gasoil call option in respect of 30 million liters of diesel for the period July 1, 2008 to June 30, 2009 at a strike price of $1.09 per liter. The call option resulted in a premium of $2.5 million paid upfront. |
| On June 27, 2008, Gold Fields Ghana purchased a further one-year Asian style ICE Gasoil call option in respect of 30 million liters of diesel for the period July 1, 2008 to June 30, 2009 at a strike price of $1.11 per liter. The call option resulted in a premium of $3.3 million paid upfront. |
| On July 21, 2008, Gold Fields Australia (Pty) Ltd purchased a one-year Asian Style Singapore 0.5% Gasoil call option in respect of 30 million liters of diesel for the period August 1, 2008 to July 31, 2009 at a strike price of $1.095 per liter. The call option resulted in a premium of $2.85 million paid upfront. |
| On August 21, 2008, Gold Fields Ghana purchased a further two-month Asian style ICE Gasoil call option in respect of 10 million liters of diesel for the period July 1, 2009 to August 31, 2009 at a strike price of $0.98 per liter. The call option resulted in a premium of $1.0 million paid upfront. |
| On September 18, 2008, Gold Fields Ghana purchased a further six-month Asian style ICE Gasoil call option in respect of 36 million liters of diesel for the period September 1, 2009 to February 28, 2010 at a strike price of $0.90 per liter. The call option resulted in a premium of $3.6 million paid upfront. |
| On September 18, 2008, Gold Fields Australia (Pty) Ltd purchased a further six-month Asian Style Singapore 0.5% Gasoil call option in respect of 17.5 million liters of diesel for the period August 1, 2009 to February 28, 2010 at a strike price of $0.91 per liter. The call option resulted in a premium of $1.6 million paid upfront. |
No further contracts were entered into during fiscal 2011.
Commodity Price Contract Position
As of December 31, 2011, Gold Fields had no outstanding commodity price contracts.
274
Interest Rate Sensitivity
General
As of December 31, 2011, Gold Fields indebtedness amounted to $1,907.7 million. Gold Fields generally does not undertake any specific action to cover its exposure to interest rate risk, although it may do so in specific circumstances. For a discussion of Gold Fields credit facilities and other borrowings outstanding as of December 31, 2011, including the interest rates applicable to them, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit Facilities and Other Capital Resources.
Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis
$920.0 of Gold Fields interest bearing debt outstanding as of December 31, 2011 was exposed to interest rate fluctuations. This debt is normally rolled for periods between one and three months and is therefore exposed to the rate changes in this period.
$920.0 million of the total debt was exposed to changes in LIBOR while $nil was exposed to the Prime Rate and JIBAR. The following table indicates the change to finance expense had LIBOR and the Prime Rate differed as indicated.
Change in finance expense for a nominal change in interest rate, change as of December 31, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sensitivity to interest rates |
(1.5 | )% | (1.0 | )% | (0.5 | ) | +0.5 | % | +1.0 | % | +1.5 | % | ||||||||||||
Sensitivity to LIBOR interest rate ($ million) |
(10.8 | ) | (7.2 | ) | (3.6 | ) | 3.6 | 7.2 | 10.8 | |||||||||||||||
Sensitivity to Prime and JIBAR ($ million) |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Change in finance expense ($ million) |
(10.8 | ) | (7.2 | ) | (3.6 | ) | 3.6 | 7.2 | 10.8 |
275
ITEM 12: DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
Not applicable.
276
ITEM 13: DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
Not applicable.
277
ITEM 14: MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Not applicable.
278
ITEM 15: CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
(a) | Disclosure Controls and Procedures: |
Gold Fields has carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Gold Fields, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of Gold Fields disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this annual report. Based upon that evaluation, Gold Fields Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of December 31, 2011, Gold Fields disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
(b) | Managements Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting: |
Gold Fields management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 defines internal control over financial reporting in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the companys principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the companys board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:
| pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; |
| provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and |
| provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. |
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Gold Fields management assessed the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011. In making this assessment, Gold Fields management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, or COSO, in Internal Control- Integrated Framework. Based upon its assessment, Gold Fields management concluded that, as of December 31, 2011, its internal control over financial reporting is effective based upon those criteria.
KPMG Inc., an independent registered public accounting firm that audited the consolidated financial statements included in this annual report on Form 20-F, has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of Gold Fields internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011.
(c) | Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm: |
See report of KPMG Inc., an Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, on page F-1.
(d) | Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting: |
There has been no change in Gold Fields internal control over financial reporting that occurred during fiscal 2011 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, Gold Fields internal control over financial reporting.
279
ITEM 16A: AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT
The Board of Directors has determined that Gold Fields Audit Committee does not have an audit committee financial expert, as defined in the rules promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Although a person with such qualifications does not serve on the Audit Committee, the Board of Directors believes that the members of the Audit Committee collectively possess the knowledge and experience to oversee and assess the performance of Gold Fields management and auditors, the quality of Gold Fields disclosure controls, the preparation and evaluation of Gold Fields financial statements and Gold Fields financial reporting. Gold Fields Board of Directors also believes that the members of the Audit Committee collectively possess the understanding of audit committee functions necessary to diligently execute their responsibilities. For biographical information on each member of the Audit Committee, see Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesNon-executive Directors.
280
Gold Fields has adopted a Company Code of Ethics, or the Code, which applies to all directors and employees, the text of which can be accessed on Gold Fields website at www.goldfields.co.za.
281
ITEM 16C: PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc., or PwC, served as Gold Fields principal accountant for fiscal 2009 and 2010. As of the six months ended December 31, 2010 KPMG Inc., or KPMG, has served as Gold Fields principal accountant. Set forth below are the fees for audit and other services rendered by PwC and KPMG for fiscal 2010, six month period ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal 2011.
Year ended June 30, 2010 |
Six Month Period ended December 31, 2010 |
Year ended December 31, 2011 |
||||||||||
(R millions) | ||||||||||||
Audit fees |
26.1 | 20.7 | 27.1 | |||||||||
Audit related fees |
| | 1.9 | |||||||||
Tax fees |
| 0.4 | 0.6 | |||||||||
All other fees |
1.0 | 1.5 | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total |
27.1 | 22.6 | 29.6 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Audit fees include fees billed for audit services rendered for Gold Fields annual consolidated financial statements filed with regulatory organizations.
Audit related fees include fees billed for related services by the principal accountant that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of the registrants financial statements.
Tax fees include fees billed for tax compliance, tax advice, tax planning and other tax-related services.
All other fees consist of fees for all other services not included in any of the other categories noted above.
All of the above fees were pre-approved by the Audit Committee.
Audit Committees Policies and Procedures
In accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission rules regarding auditor independence, the Audit Committee has established Policies and Procedures for Audit and Non-Audit Services Provided by an Independent Auditor. The rules apply to Gold Fields and its consolidated subsidiaries engaging any accounting firms for audit services and the auditor who audits the accounts filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the external auditor, for permissible non-audit services.
When engaging the external auditor for permissible non-audit services (audit-related services, tax services, and all other services), pre-approval is obtained prior to the commencement of the services.
282
ITEM 16D: EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES
Not applicable.
283
ITEM 16E: PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS
None.
284
ITEM 16F: CHANGE IN REGISTRANTS CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT
On June 25, 2010, Gold Fields did not reappoint PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc., or PwC, as its independent registered public accounting firm. Gold Fields Audit Committee and Board of Directors participated in and approved the decision to change its independent registered public accounting firm. This change became effective upon completion by PwC of its procedures on the consolidated financial statements of Gold Fields as of and for fiscal 2010 and the filing of the related Form 20-F.
The reports of PwC on the consolidated financial statements for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2009 and 2010 contained no adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion and, were not qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope or accounting principle.
During the two fiscal years ended June 30, 2009 and 2010, there were no disagreements with PwC on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure or auditing scope or procedure, which disagreements, if not resolved to the satisfaction of PwC, would have caused PwC to make reference thereto in their reports on Gold Fields consolidated financial statements for such fiscal years.
During the two fiscal years ended June 30, 2009 and 2010, there were no reportable events as that term is defined in Item 16F(a)(1)(v) of Form 20-F.
Gold Fields has requested that PwC furnish it with a letter addressed to the SEC stating whether or not it agrees with the above statements. A copy of such letter, dated December 2, 2010, is filed as an exhibit to this annual report.
At the Gold Fields Board meeting held on Thursday, June 24, 2010, and at the recommendation of the Audit Committee, the Board agreed to the appointment of KPMG, Inc., or KPMG, as Gold Fields new independent registered public accounting firm. KPMGs appointment was effective from fiscal 2011, as approved by shareholders at the annual general meeting held on November 2, 2010. During the two fiscal years ended June 30, 2009 and 2010, neither Gold Fields nor any of its subsidiaries consulted with KPMG concerning (i) the application of accounting principles to a specific completed or contemplated transaction, or the type of audit opinion that might be rendered on Gold Fields consolidated financial statements and no written or oral advice was provided by KPMG that was an important factor considered by Gold Fields in reaching a decision as to any accounting, auditing or financial reporting issue, or (ii) any matter that was either the subject of a disagreement (as that term is used in Item 16F(a)(1)(iv) of Form 20-F and the related instructions to Item 16F) with PwC or a reportable event (as defined in Item 16F(a)(1)(v) of Form 20-F).
285
ITEM 16G: CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Gold Fields home country corporate governance practices are regulated by the Listing Requirements of the JSE, or the JSE Listing Requirements. The following is a summary of the significant ways in which Gold Fields home country corporate governance standards and its corporate governance practices differ from those followed by domestic companies under the listing standards of The New York Stock Exchange, or the NYSE Listing Standards.
| The NYSE Listing Standards require that the non-management directors of U.S. listed companies meet at regularly scheduled executive sessions without management. The JSE Listing Requirements do not require such meetings of listed company non-executive directors. Gold Fields non-management directors do meet regularly without management. |
| The NYSE Listing Standards require U.S. listed companies to have a nominating/corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors. The JSE Listing Requirements also require the appointment of such a committee, and stipulate that all members of this committee must be non-executive directors, the majority of whom must be independent. Gold Fields has a Nominating and Governance Committee which is currently comprised of four non-executive directors, all of whom are independent under the NYSE Listing Standards and which is chaired by the Chairman of Gold Fields, as required by the JSE Listing Requirements. |
| The NYSE Listing Standards require U.S. listed companies to have a compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors. The JSE Listing Requirements merely require the appointment of such a committee. Gold Fields has appointed a Compensation Committee, currently comprised of five board members, all of whom are independent under both the JSE Listing Requirements and the NYSE Listing Standards. |
| The NYSE Listings Standards require U.S. listed companies to have an audit committee composed entirely of independent directors. The JSE Listings Requirements also require an audit committee composed entirely of independent directors. Gold Fields has appointed an Audit Committee, currently comprised of five board members, all of whom are non-executive and independent, as defined under both the JSE Listings Requirements and the NYSE Listing Requirements |
286
ITEM 16H: MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
Not applicable.
287
PART III ITEM 17: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Gold Fields has responded to Item 18 in lieu of responding to this item.
288
The following financial statements of Gold Fields Limited are filed as part of this annual report.
289
Page | ||||
Gold Fields Limited |
||||
Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (KPMG) |
F-1 | |||
Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PwC) |
F-3 | |||
F-4 | ||||
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 and June 30, 2010 |
F-5 | |||
F-6 | ||||
F-8 | ||||
F-9 | ||||
F-10 | ||||
S-1 |
290
The following instruments and documents are included as Exhibits to this annual report.
No. |
Exhibit | |
1.1 | Memorandum of Association of Gold Fields (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to the registration statement on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 6, 2002) | |
1.2 | Articles of Association of Gold Fields (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.2 to the registration statement on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 6, 2002) | |
1.3 | Amended Articles of Association of Gold Fields (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.3 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7, 2007) | |
2.1 | Memorandum of Incorporation of Gold Fields (included in Exhibits 1.1 and 1.2) | |
2.2 | Deposit Agreement among Gold Fields, Gold Fields Limited (f/k/a/Driefontein Consolidated Limited), The Bank of New York, as depositary, and the owners and beneficial owners from time to time of American Depositary Receipts, dated as of February 2, 1998, as amended and restated as of May 21, 2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.3 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 24, 2002) | |
2.3 | Form of American Depositary Receipt (included in Exhibit 2.2) | |
2.4 | Excerpts of relevant provisions of the South African Companies Act (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.5 to the registration statement on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 6, 2002) | |
2.5 | Excerpts of relevant provisions of JSE Limited listing requirements (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.6 to the registration statement on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 6, 2002) | |
2.6 | Amended Memorandum of Incorporation of Gold Fields (included in Exhibit 1.3) | |
2.7 | Trust Deed among Orogen, as issuer; Gold Fields Limited, GFIMSA, GFO, and GF Holdings, as guarantors; and Citicorp Trustee Company Limited, as trustee, dated October 7, 2010 in relation to the U.S.$ 1 billion Note Issue (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.8 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 2, 2010) | |
4.1 | The GF Management Incentive Scheme, adopted November 10, 1999 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the registration statement on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 6, 2002) | |
4.2 | Deed of Amendment to the GF Management Incentive Scheme between Gold Fields Limited and Tokyo Mosima Gabriel Sexwale and Gordon Rae Parker, both in their capacity as trustees for The GF Management Incentive Trust, adopted May 4, 2001 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 26, 2004) | |
4.3 | Deed of Amendment to the GF Management Incentive Scheme between Gold Fields Limited and Tokyo Mosima Gabriel Sexwale and Gordon Rae Parker, both in their capacity as trustees for The GF Management Incentive Trust, adopted October 31, 2001 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 26, 2004) |
291
No. |
Exhibit | |
4.4 | The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Share Plan, adopted November 17, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.24 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 22, 2005) | |
4.5 | The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan, adopted November 17, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.25 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 22, 2005) | |
4.6 | U.S.$750,000,000 Facility Agreement between GFIMSA, Orogen, Western Areas Limited, ABN AMRO Bank N.V., Barclays Capital and Barclays Bank plc, dated May 16, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.37 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7, 2007) | |
4.7 | Agency Agreement in respect of the Domestic Medium Term Note Program, between Gold Fields Limited and Absa Capital, dated April 6, 2009, including Annexures (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.19 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 2009) | |
4.8 | Gold Fields Limited Program Memorandum in respect of the Domestic Medium Term Note Program, dated April 6, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.20 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 2009) | |
4.9 | Gold Fields Limited Operating and Procedures Memorandum in respect of the Domestic Medium Term Note Program, dated April 6, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.21 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 2009) | |
4.10 | Program Agreement in respect of the Gold Fields Limited Domestic Medium Term Note Program, between Gold Fields Limited, Absa Capital and Nedbank Capital, dated April 6, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.22 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 2009) | |
4.11 | Rand 1,500,000,000 Revolving Credit Facility Agreement between Nedbank Limited, GFIMSA, GFO and the Guarantors (listed in Schedule 1), dated May 6, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.23 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 2009) | |
4.12 | Share Purchase and Sale Agreement between Eldorado Gold Corporation and Gold Fields Australasia (BVI) Limited, dated June 3, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.27 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 2009) | |
4.13 | Amending Agreement between Eldorado Gold Corporation and Gold Fields Australasia (BVI) Limited, dated July 10, 2009, in relation to a Share Purchase and Sale Agreement between Eldorado Gold Corporation and Gold Fields Australasia (BVI) Limited, dated June 3, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.28 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 2009) | |
4.14 | Agreement between Nicholas J. Holland and Gold Fields Group Services (Pty) Ltd, dated March 6, 2009 and effective March 1, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.29 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 2009) | |
4.15 | Agreement between Nicholas J. Holland and Gold Fields Ghana Holdings (BVI) Limited, dated March 9, 2009 and effective March 1, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.30 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 2009) |
292
No. |
Exhibit | |
4.16 | Agreement between Nicholas J. Holland and Gold Fields Orogen Holding Company (BVI), dated March 6, 2009 and effective March 1, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.31 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 2009) | |
4.17 | Agreement between Nicholas J. Holland and Gold Fields Group Services (Pty) Ltd, dated April 9, 2010 and effective April 1, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.29 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), Filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 2, 2010) | |
4.18 | Agreement between Nicholas J. Holland and Gold Fields Ghana Holdings (BVI) Limited, dated April 9, 2010 and effective April 1, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.30 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), Filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 2, 2010) | |
4.19 | Agreement between Nicholas J. Holland and Gold Fields Orogen Holding Company (BVI), dated April 9, 2010 and effective April 1, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.31 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), Filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 2, 2010) | |
4.20 | Term sheet related to the Block Trade of common shares of Eldorado Gold Corporation by Gold Fields Australasia (BVI) Limited to National Bank Financial, Inc., dated September 3, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.32 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 2009) | |
4.21 | R1,000 million Standard Bank Revolving Credit Facility between Standard Bank of South Africa Limited, GFIMSA, GFO and the Original Guarantors (listed in Schedule 1), dated December 9, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.33 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), Filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 2, 2010) | |
4.22 | R500 million RMB Revolving Credit Facility between FirstRand Bank Limited, GFIMSA, GFO and the Guarantors (listed in Schedule 1), dated March 8, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.34 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), Filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 2, 2010) | |
4.23 | U.S.$450 million Syndicated Revolving Credit Facility between Barclays Bank Plc, as agent; the Original Lenders (listed in Schedule 1); Gold Fields Limited; GFIMSA; Orogen; GFO; and the Original Guarantors (listed in Schedule 1), dated May 12, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.35 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), Filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 2, 2010) | |
4.24 | U.S.$200 million Non-revolving Senior Secured Term Loan between The Bank of Nova Scotia and Banco de Crédito del Perú, as mandated lead arrangers; Banco de Crédito del Perú, as administrative agent; Scotiabank Perú S.A.A., as onshore collateral agent; The Bank of Nova Scotia Trust Company of New York, as offshore collateral agent; and La Cima, dated September 17, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.33 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 2, 2010). | |
4.25 | U.S.$1,000,000,000 Syndicated Revolving Facility Agreement between Barclays Bank Plc, GFIMSA, GFO and Gold Fields Limited, dated June 20, 2011. | |
4.26 | Rand 2,000,000,000 Revolving Facility Agreement between Nedbank Limited, GFIMSA and the Original Guarantors (listed in Schedule 1), dated December 19, 2011. | |
4.27 | Agreement between Paul A. Schmidt and Gold Fields Group Services (Pty) Ltd, dated November 24, 2009 and effective November 6, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.33 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 2009) |
293
No. |
Exhibit | |
4.28 | Agreement between Paul A. Schmidt and Gold Fields Ghana Holdings (BVI) Limited, dated November 24, 2009 and effective November 6, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.34 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 2009) | |
4.29 | Agreement between Paul A. Schmidt and Gold Fields Orogen Holding Company (BVI), dated November 24, 2009 and effective November 6, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.35 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 2009) | |
4.30 | First Addendum to the Employment Contract made and entered into between Gold Fields Group Services (Pty) Ltd and Paul A. Schmidt, dated April 1, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.40 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), Filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 2, 2010) | |
4.31 | First Addendum to the Employment Contract made and entered into between Gold Fields Ghana Holdings (BVI) Limited and Paul A. Schmidt, dated April 1, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.41 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), Filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 2, 2010) | |
4.32 | First Addendum to the Employment Contract made and entered into between Gold Fields Orogen Holding Company (BVI) and Paul A. Schmidt, dated April 1, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.42 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), Filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 2, 2010) | |
8.1 | Amended list of subsidiaries of the registrant | |
12.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer | |
12.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer | |
13.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer | |
13.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer | |
99.1 | Letter from PricewaterhouseCoopers, Inc. addressed to the SEC regarding the disclosure provided in Item 16F of this annual report, dated December 2, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1 -31318), Filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 2, 2010). |
294
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
GOLD FIELDS LIMITED
/s/ N.J. Holland | ||
Name: |
Nicholas J. Holland | |
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer | |
Date: |
April 23, 2012 |
295
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Gold Fields Limited:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Gold Fields Limited and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders equity, comprehensive income, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2011 and the six-month period ended December 31, 2010. In connection with our audits of the consolidated financial statements, we also have audited the financial statement schedule, Schedule IValuation and Qualifying Accounts. We also have audited Gold Fields Limiteds internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Companys management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Managements Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing in Item 15 on Form 20-F. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Companys internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. The consolidated financial statements and schedule of Gold Fields Limited and subsidiaries for the years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 were audited by other auditors whose report dated December 2, 2010 expressed an unqualified opinion on those statements.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Gold Fields Limited and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2011 and the six-month period ended December 31, 2010, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the accompanying financial statement schedule for the year ended December 31, 2011 and six month period ended
F-1
December 31, 2010, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein. Also in our opinion, Gold Fields Limited maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
(signed) KPMG Inc.
Johannesburg, South Africa
April 16, 2012
F-2
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Gold Fields Limited
In our opinion, the consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2010 and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders equity, comprehensive income and cash flows for each of two years in the period ended June 30, 2010 present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Gold Fields Limited and its subsidiaries at June 30, 2010, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended June 30, 2010, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule for each of the two years in the period ended June 30, 2010 presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc
Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
December 2, 2010
F-3
Consolidated Statements of Operations
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, |
Six Months Ended December 31, |
Fiscal Year
Ended June 30, |
||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
REVENUES |
||||||||||||||||
Product sales |
5,800.1 | 2,564.2 | 4,164.3 | 3,228.3 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
COSTS AND EXPENSES |
||||||||||||||||
Production costs (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) |
2,948.6 | 1,435.7 | 2,544.0 | 1,998.6 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
745.3 | 389.4 | 631.1 | 433.5 | ||||||||||||
Corporate expenditure |
25.9 | 20.7 | 47.5 | 35.5 | ||||||||||||
Employee termination costs |
32.8 | 35.3 | 10.3 | 21.0 | ||||||||||||
Exploration expenditure |
120.5 | 50.9 | 82.4 | 58.0 | ||||||||||||
Feasibility and evaluation costs |
95.2 | 9.3 | | | ||||||||||||
Loss/(profit) on disposal of property, plant and equipment |
0.4 | (0.7 | ) | (0.3 | ) | (0.5 | ) | |||||||||
Impairment of assets |
9.5 | | | | ||||||||||||
Shaft closure costs |
| | | (0.2 | ) | |||||||||||
Increase/(decrease) in provision for post-retirement health care costs |
0.1 | (0.1 | ) | (9.4 | ) | 3.4 | ||||||||||
Accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation |
24.9 | 10.9 | 19.3 | 13.9 | ||||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
66.4 | 27.0 | 53.9 | 33.7 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
4,069.6 | 1,978.4 | 3,378.8 | 2,596.9 | |||||||||||||
OTHER (EXPENSES)/INCOME |
||||||||||||||||
Interest and dividends |
25.4 | 12.9 | 40.2 | 24.9 | ||||||||||||
Finance expense |
(54.3 | ) | (31.7 | ) | (65.2 | ) | (73.9 | ) | ||||||||
Gain/(loss) on financial instruments |
4.4 | 1.0 | 27.7 | (1.3 | ) | |||||||||||
Gain/(loss) on foreign exchange |
9.1 | (1.4 | ) | (8.5 | ) | 10.2 | ||||||||||
Profit/(loss) on disposal of listed investments |
12.8 | (0.4 | ) | 111.7 | (16.1 | ) | ||||||||||
Impairment of listed investments |
(0.5 | ) | | (8.1 | ) | (16.0 | ) | |||||||||
Loss on disposal of subsidiary |
| | | (0.3 | ) | |||||||||||
South African Equity Empowerment Transactions |
| (297.6 | ) | | | |||||||||||
Royalties |
(149.7 | ) | (43.3 | ) | | | ||||||||||
Other expenses |
(69.9 | ) | (30.5 | ) | (31.9 | ) | (7.7 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
(222.7 | ) | (391.0 | ) | 65.9 | (80.2 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
INCOME BEFORE TAX, IMPAIRMENT OF INVESTMENT IN EQUITY INVESTEE AND SHARE OF EQUITY INVESTEES PROFITS/(LOSSES) |
1,507.8 | 194.8 | 851.4 | 551.2 | ||||||||||||
Income and mining tax expense |
(552.0 | ) | (133.8 | ) | (358.4 | ) | (264.6 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
INCOME BEFORE IMPAIRMENT OF INVESTMENT IN EQUITY INVESTEE AND SHARE OF EQUITY INVESTEES PROFITS/(LOSSES) |
955.8 | 61.0 | 493.0 | 286.6 | ||||||||||||
Impairment of investment in equity investee |
(6.8 | ) | | | (87.4 | ) | ||||||||||
Share of equity investees profits/(losses) |
4.0 | 4.9 | (22.7 | ) | (3.5 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net income |
953.0 | 65.9 | 470.3 | 195.7 | ||||||||||||
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests |
(71.5 | ) | (53.3 | ) | (79.3 | ) | (34.8 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net income attributable to Gold Fields shareholders |
881.5 | 12.6 | 391.0 | 160.9 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE ($) |
1.22 | 0.02 | 0.55 | 0.24 | ||||||||||||
DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE ($) |
1.21 | 0.02 | 0.55 | 0.24 | ||||||||||||
WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF SHARES USED IN THE |
||||||||||||||||
COMPUTATION OF BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE |
722,376,228 | 711,011,673 | 705,364,200 | 670,328,262 | ||||||||||||
COMPUTATION OF DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE |
730,787,498 | 719,689,050 | 714,549,842 | 677,790,732 | ||||||||||||
DIVIDEND PER SHARE ($) |
0.24 | 0.10 | 0.17 | 0.17 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
F-4
Consolidated Balance Sheets
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||||||
CURRENT ASSETS |
||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
744.0 | 809.5 | 500.7 | |||||||||
Receivables |
483.4 | 411.4 | 305.4 | |||||||||
Inventories |
297.7 | 256.3 | 234.9 | |||||||||
Materials contained on heap leach pads |
187.9 | 111.3 | 91.5 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total current assets |
1,713.0 | 1,588.5 | 1,132.5 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
7,016.8 | 7,482.0 | 6,639.7 | |||||||||
Goodwill |
1,075.4 | 1,295.2 | 1,154.9 | |||||||||
Non-current investments |
272.2 | 344.3 | 254.3 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
TOTAL ASSETS |
10,077.4 | 10,710.0 | 9,181.4 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||||||
Accounts payable and provisions |
669.9 | 670.6 | 551.9 | |||||||||
Interest payable |
11.2 | 4.1 | 4.5 | |||||||||
Royalties, income and mining taxes payable |
264.4 | 156.1 | 104.3 | |||||||||
Short-term loans and current portion of long-term loans |
547.0 | 261.7 | 691.1 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total current liabilities |
1,492.5 | 1,092.5 | 1,351.8 | |||||||||
Long-term loans |
1,360.7 | 1,136.6 | 430.0 | |||||||||
Deferred income and mining taxes |
1,019.4 | 1,051.8 | 982.5 | |||||||||
Provision for environmental rehabilitation |
336.9 | 324.4 | 275.7 | |||||||||
Other non-current liabilities |
13.5 | 19.7 | | |||||||||
Provision for post-retirement health care costs |
2.1 | 2.7 | 2.8 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total liabilities |
4,225.1 | 3,627.7 | 3,042.8 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIESsee notes 20 and 21 |
||||||||||||
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||||||
Share capital December 31, 20111,000,000,000 (December 31, 20101,000,000,000; June 30, 2010: 1,000,000,000) authorized ordinary shares of 50 South African cents each. Shares issued December 31, 2011: 723,735,186 (Shares issued December 31, 2010: 720,796,887; June 30, 2010: 705,903,511) |
59.0 | 58.8 | 57.8 | |||||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
5,374.6 | 5,313.2 | 5,005.4 | |||||||||
Retained earnings |
772.5 | 779.6 | 834.4 | |||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)/income |
(423.3 | ) | 562.4 | (96.5 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Gold Fields shareholders equity |
5,782.8 | 6,714.0 | 5,801.1 | |||||||||
Noncontrolling interests |
69.5 | 368.3 | 337.5 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total equity |
5,852.3 | 7,082.3 | 6,138.6 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
10,077.4 | 10,710.0 | 9,181.4 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
F-5
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders Equity
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Number of ordinary shares issued |
Share capital |
Additional paid-in capital |
Retained earnings |
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)/income |
Noncontrolling interests |
Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
BALANCEJUNE 30, 2008 |
653,200,682 | 54.9 | 4,490.4 | 521.8 | (243.0 | ) | 151.4 | 4,975.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
| | | 160.9 | | 34.8 | 195.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends declared |
| | | (121.2 | ) | | | (121.2 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
| | 33.7 | | | | 33.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued on conversion of debt instrument to equity: Mvela |
50,000,000 | 2.7 | 412.2 | | | | 414.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of employee share options |
1,549,167 | 0.1 | 7.9 | | | | 8.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive loss* |
| | | | (95.9 | ) | (4.3 | ) | (100.2 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Rights issue to noncontrolling interestsCerro Corona |
| | | | | 97.6 | 97.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
BALANCEJUNE 30, 2009 |
704,749,849 | 57.7 | 4,944.2 | 561.5 | (338.9 | ) | 279.5 | 5,504.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
| | | 391.0 | | 79.3 | 470.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends declared |
| | | (118.1 | ) | | (23.1 | ) | (141.2 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
| | 53.9 | | | | 53.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of employee share options |
1,153,662 | 0.1 | 7.3 | | | | 7.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income* |
| | | | 242.4 | 17.2 | 259.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Transactions with noncontrolling interests |
| | | | | (15.4 | ) | (15.4 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
BALANCEJUNE 30, 2010 |
705,903,511 | 57.8 | 5,005.4 | 834.4 | (96.5 | ) | 337.5 | 6,138.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
| | | 12.6 | | 53.3 | 65.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends declared |
| | | (67.4 | ) | | (28.9 | ) | (96.3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
| | 303.4 | | | | 303.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of employee share options |
751,630 | | 4.4 | | | | 4.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued under the South African Equity Empowerment Transactions |
14,141,746 | 1.0 | | | | | 1.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income* |
| | | | 658.9 | | 658.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Receipt of funds from noncontrolling interests |
| | | | | 6.4 | 6.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
BALANCEDECEMBER 31, 2010 |
720,796,887 | 58.8 | 5,313.2 | 779.6 | 562.4 | 368.3 | 7,082.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
| | | 881.5 | | 71.5 | 953.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends declared |
| | | (174.9 | ) | | (36.2 | ) | (211.1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
| | 66.4 | | | | 66.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of employee share options |
3,794,629 | 0.3 | 6.2 | | | | 6.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Treasury shares |
(856,330 | ) | (0.1 | ) | (11.2 | ) | | | | (11.3 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Purchase of noncontrolling interests |
| | | (713.7 | ) | | (341.9 | ) | (1,055.6 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income* |
| | | | (985.7 | ) | (23.2 | ) | (1,008.9 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Receipt of funds from noncontrolling interests |
| | | | | 31.0 | 31.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
BALANCEDECEMBER 31, 2011 |
723,735,186 | 59.0 | 5,374.6 | 772.5 | (423.3 | ) | 69.5 | 5,852.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* | Noncontrolling interests share of other comprehensive income/(loss) relates to foreign exchange translation |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
F-6
Gold Fields Limited
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders Equity(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The following is a reconciliation of the components of accumulated other comprehensive (loss)/ income for the periods presented:
Share of equity investees other comprehensive income |
Mark-to-market of listed investments |
Foreign exchange translation |
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)/income |
|||||||||||||
BALANCEJUNE 30, 2008 |
9.6 | 156.9 | (409.5 | ) | (243.0 | ) | ||||||||||
Share of equity investees other comprehensive income movements |
(0.3 | ) | | | (0.3 | ) | ||||||||||
Loss arising on dilution of shareholding in equity investee |
(24.5 | ) | | | (24.5 | ) | ||||||||||
Mark-to-market of listed investments |
| (122.4 | ) | | (122.4 | ) | ||||||||||
Realized loss on disposal of listed investments |
| 16.1 | | 16.1 | ||||||||||||
Impairment of listed investments |
| 16.0 | | 16.0 | ||||||||||||
Foreign exchange translation |
| | 19.2 | 19.2 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
BALANCEJUNE 30, 2009 |
(15.2 | ) | 66.6 | (390.3 | ) | (338.9 | ) | |||||||||
Share of equity investees other comprehensive income movements |
0.8 | | | 0.8 | ||||||||||||
Mark-to-market of listed investments |
| 24.9 | | 24.9 | ||||||||||||
Realized gain on disposal of listed investments |
| (111.7 | ) | | (111.7 | ) | ||||||||||
Impairment of listed investments |
| 8.1 | | 8.1 | ||||||||||||
Foreign exchange translation |
| | 320.3 | 320.3 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
BALANCEJUNE 30, 2010 |
(14.4 | ) | (12.1 | ) | (70.0 | ) | (96.5 | ) | ||||||||
Mark-to-market of listed investments |
| 28.8 | | 28.8 | ||||||||||||
Realized loss on disposal of listed investments |
| 0.4 | | 0.4 | ||||||||||||
Foreign exchange translation |
| | 629.7 | 629.7 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
BALANCEDECEMBER 31, 2010 |
(14.4 | ) | 17.1 | 559.7 | 562.4 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Mark-to-market of listed investments |
| (26.4 | ) | | (26.4 | ) | ||||||||||
Realized gain on disposal of listed investments |
| (12.8 | ) | | (12.8 | ) | ||||||||||
Impairment of listed investments |
| 0.5 | | 0.5 | ||||||||||||
Foreign exchange translation |
| | (946.9 | ) | (946.9 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
BALANCEDECEMBER 31, 2011 |
(14.4 | ) | (21.6 | ) | (387.2 | ) | (423.2 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
F-7
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, |
Six Months Ended December 31, |
Fiscal Year Ended June, 30 |
||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
Net income |
953.0 | 65.9 | 470.3 | 195.7 | ||||||||||||
Other comprehensive (loss)/income |
(1,008.9 | ) | 658.9 | 259.6 | (100.2 | ) | ||||||||||
Share of equity investees other comprehensive income |
| | 0.8 | (0.3 | ) | |||||||||||
Loss arising on dilution of shareholding in equity investee |
| | | (24.5 | ) | |||||||||||
Mark-to-market adjustment of listed investments |
(26.4 | ) | 28.8 | 24.9 | (122.4 | ) | ||||||||||
Realized (gain)/loss on disposal of listed investments |
(12.8 | ) | 0.4 | (111.7 | ) | 16.1 | ||||||||||
Impairment of listed investments |
0.5 | | 8.1 | 16.0 | ||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
(970.2 | ) | 629.7 | 337.5 | 14.9 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Comprehensive (loss)/income |
(55.9 | ) | 724.8 | 729.9 | 95.5 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Comprehensive (loss)/income attributable to: |
||||||||||||||||
Gold Fields shareholders |
(104.2 | ) | 671.5 | 633.4 | 65.0 | |||||||||||
Noncontrolling interests |
48.3 | 53.3 | 96.5 | 30.5 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
(55.9 | ) | 724.8 | 729.9 | 95.5 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
F-8
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
($ millions unless otherwise noted)
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, |
Six Months Ended December 31, |
Fiscal Year Ended June, 30 |
||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATIONS |
||||||||||||||||
Net income |
953.0 | 65.9 | 470.3 | 195.7 | ||||||||||||
Reconciled to net cash provided by operations: |
||||||||||||||||
Share of equity investees (profits)/losses |
(4.0 | ) | (4.9 | ) | 22.7 | 3.5 | ||||||||||
Impairment of investment in equity investee |
6.8 | | | 87.4 | ||||||||||||
Income and mining tax expense |
552.0 | 133.8 | 358.4 | 264.6 | ||||||||||||
Royalties |
149.7 | 43.3 | | | ||||||||||||
(Profit)/loss on disposal of listed investments |
(12.8 | ) | 0.4 | (111.7 | ) | 16.1 | ||||||||||
Impairment of listed investments |
0.5 | | 8.1 | 16.0 | ||||||||||||
Impairment of assets |
9.5 | | | | ||||||||||||
Loss on disposal of subsidiary |
| | | 0.3 | ||||||||||||
Shaft closure costs |
| | | (0.2 | ) | |||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
745.3 | 389.4 | 631.1 | 433.5 | ||||||||||||
Loss/(profit) on disposal of property, plant and equipment |
0.4 | (0.7 | ) | (0.3 | ) | (0.5 | ) | |||||||||
Share-based compensation |
66.4 | 27.0 | 53.9 | 33.7 | ||||||||||||
Accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation |
24.9 | 10.9 | 19.3 | 13.9 | ||||||||||||
(Decrease)/increase in provision for post-retirement health care costs |
0.1 | (0.1 | ) | (9.4 | ) | 3.4 | ||||||||||
Payment against post-retirement health care provision |
(0.3 | ) | (0.6 | ) | (0.3 | ) | (0.2 | ) | ||||||||
Finance expense capitalized |
(9.3 | ) | (4.7 | ) | (6.5 | ) | (63.6 | ) | ||||||||
South African Equity Empowerment Transactions |
| 297.6 | | | ||||||||||||
Other |
(16.5 | ) | 6.2 | (54.1 | ) | (50.5 | ) | |||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||
Receivables |
22.1 | (37.0 | ) | 94.4 | (104.9 | ) | ||||||||||
Inventories and heap leach pads |
(165.2 | ) | (25.7 | ) | (43.4 | ) | (60.3 | ) | ||||||||
Accounts payable and provisions |
62.8 | 58.5 | (41.7 | ) | 44.9 | |||||||||||
Royalties paid |
(125.1 | ) | (44.5 | ) | | | ||||||||||
Income and mining taxes paid |
(352.8 | ) | (106.5 | ) | (227.9 | ) | (197.9 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATIONS |
1,907.5 | 808.3 | 1,162.9 | 634.9 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||||||
Additions to property, plant and equipment |
(1,153.0 | ) | (593.6 | ) | (913.1 | ) | (760.3 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment |
5.3 | 5.3 | 1.2 | 3.6 | ||||||||||||
Royalty termination |
| | (257.1 | ) | | |||||||||||
Purchase of Glencar asset |
| | (43.0 | ) | | |||||||||||
Investment in the Far South East Project |
(66.0 | ) | (54.0 | ) | | | ||||||||||
Investment in the Mankayan ProjectBezant Resources |
(7.0 | ) | | | | |||||||||||
Purchase of listed investments |
(0.1 | ) | (9.4 | ) | (13.5 | ) | (12.8 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds on sale of listed investments |
13.7 | 0.4 | 385.8 | 54.3 | ||||||||||||
Proceeds on disposal of subsidiary |
| | | 5.0 | ||||||||||||
Investment in environmental trust fund |
(16.2 | ) | (15.4 | ) | (12.3 | ) | (10.4 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
NET CASH UTILIZED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
(1,223.3 | ) | (666.7 | ) | (852.0 | ) | (720.6 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||||||
Long and short-term loans raised |
1,167.9 | 1,543.8 | 1,619.9 | 1,312.3 | ||||||||||||
Long and short-term loans repaid |
(654.6 | ) | (1,330.8 | ) | (1,637.5 | ) | (993.5 | ) | ||||||||
(Repayment)/utilization of bank overdraft |
| | (9.7 | ) | 7.0 | |||||||||||
Decrease in noncontrolling interests funding |
| (2.9 | ) | (15.4 | ) | | ||||||||||
Increase in noncontrolling interests funding |
31.0 | 9.3 | | | ||||||||||||
Purchase of noncontrolling interests |
(1,055.6 | ) | | | | |||||||||||
Dividends paid to Company shareholders |
(174.9 | ) | (67.4 | ) | (118.1 | ) | (121.2 | ) | ||||||||
Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests |
(41.9 | ) | (20.2 | ) | (23.1 | ) | | |||||||||
Payment to South African Equity interests in South Deep |
(3.0 | ) | | | | |||||||||||
Ordinary shares issued |
6.5 | 5.4 | 7.4 | 10.7 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
NET CASH PROVIDED BY/(UTILIZED IN) FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
(724.6 | ) | 137.2 | (176.5 | ) | 215.3 | ||||||||||
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE ON CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
(25.1 | ) | 30.0 | 8.8 | (25.8 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
(65.5 | ) | 308.8 | 143.2 | 103.8 | |||||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTSbeginning of the year |
809.5 | 500.7 | 357.5 | 253.7 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTSend of year |
744.0 | 809.5 | 500.7 | 357.5 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
F-9
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
1 | GENERAL |
Gold Fields Limited (formerly Driefontein Consolidated Limited, or Driefontein, the Company or the Group) was originally incorporated in South Africa and listed on the JSE Securities Exchange S.A. (JSE) during 1968 as East Driefontein Gold Mining Company Limited. Following a merger with West Driefontein Gold Mining Company Limited, it was renamed Driefontein on June 15, 1981. On May 10, 1999, Driefontein completed a business combination, with another South African company listed on the JSE, Gold Fields Limited (Old Gold Fields). Old Gold Fields evolved through a series of transactions in 1998, whereby it acquired substantially all of the gold mining assets and interests previously held by Gold Fields of South Africa Limited, Gencor Limited, New Wits Limited and certain other shareholders in the companies owning the assets and interests. These assets and interests included publicly traded gold mining companies, mineral rights and service agreements. Driefontein, the surviving entity, was renamed Gold Fields Limited, and Old Gold Fields was renamed GFL Mining Services Limited, effective from that date. The Group is engaged in gold mining and related activities, including exploration, extraction, processing and smelting. Gold bullion, the Groups principal product, is currently produced in South Africa, Ghana and Australia and sold in South Africa and internationally.
The Group also produces copper/gold concentrate in Peru, which is sold internationally.
2 | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
(a) | USE OF ESTIMATES: The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP, requires the Groups management to make estimates and assumptions about current and future events that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. |
Future events and their effects cannot be determined with absolute certainty. Therefore, the determination of estimates requires the exercise of judgment based on various assumptions and other factors such as historical experience, current and expected economic conditions, and in some cases actuarial techniques. Actual results ultimately may differ from those estimates.
The more significant areas requiring the use of management estimates and assumptions relate to mineral reserves that are the basis of future cash flow estimates and unit-of-production depreciation, depletion and amortization calculations; environmental, reclamation and closure obligations; estimates of recoverable gold and other materials in heap leach pads; asset impairments (including impairments of goodwill, long-lived assets, and investments); write-downs of inventory to net realizable value; post employment, post retirement and other employee benefit liabilities (including valuation of share-based compensation); valuation allowances for deferred tax assets; reserves for contingencies and litigation; and the fair value and accounting treatment of financial instruments.
The following are accounting policies used by the Group which have been consistently applied for all periods presented:
(b) | CONSOLIDATION: The Groups financial statements include the financial statements of the Group, and its subsidiaries, and its investments in associates. A company in which the Group has, directly or indirectly, through subsidiary undertakings, a controlling interest is classified as a subsidiary undertaking. In addition, the Company reviews its relationships with other entities to assess if the Company is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity. If the determination is made that the Company is the primary beneficiary, then that entity is consolidated from the date that the Company was deemed to have become the primary beneficiary. The results of subsidiaries acquired or disposed |
F-10
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
of are included in the Group statements from the effective dates of acquisition or excluded from such statements as from the effective dates of disposal. Investments in companies which the Company does not control, but where it has the ability to exercise significant influence over their operating and financial policies, are accounted for by the equity method. |
Inter-company transactions and balances are eliminated on consolidation. Gains or losses that arise from a change in the Groups interest in subsidiaries or equity method investees are recognized in equity.
Any excess between the purchase price and the fair value of the attributable net assets of subsidiaries and associates at the date of acquisition is capitalized as goodwill. |
Goodwill is not amortized; however it is subject to an annual assessment for impairment. The Company evaluates the carrying amount of goodwill to determine whether current events and circumstances indicate that such carrying amount may no longer be recoverable. To accomplish this, the Company compares the estimated fair values of its reporting units to their carrying amounts. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, the Company compares the implied fair value of the reporting units goodwill to its carrying amount, and any excess of the carrying value over the fair value is charged to earnings. The Companys fair value estimates are based on numerous assumptions and it is possible that actual fair values will be significantly different from the estimates, as actual future quantities of recoverable minerals, gold and other commodity prices, production levels and operating costs of production and capital are each subject to significant risks and uncertainties. |
(c) (i) | FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS: Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the prevailing exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities designated in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate ruling at period end. Gains and losses arising from these translations are recognized in earnings. |
(ii) | FOREIGN ENTITIES: The Groups foreign entities are regarded as those entities that are considered to be self-sustaining. The statement of financial position and statements of operations of foreign subsidiaries are translated on the following basis: |
Assets and liabilities are translated at the prevailing exchange rate at period end. Statement of operations items are translated at the average exchange rate for the period. Exchange differences on translation are accounted for in shareholders equity. These differences are recognized in earnings upon realization of the underlying foreign entity.
(iii) | FUNCTIONAL CURRENCY: The functional currency of the Groups South African operations is the South African Rand, of its Australian operations is the Australian dollar, of its Ghanaian operations and of its Peruvian operation is the U.S. dollar. The translation differences arising as a result of converting the South African Rand and the Australian dollar to U.S. dollars (reporting currency) using the current exchange rate method are included as a separate component of other comprehensive income. |
(d) | PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT |
(i) | MINING ASSETS: Mining assets, including mine development costs and mine plant facilities, are recorded at cost. |
At the Groups surface mines, when it has been determined that a mineral property can be economically developed as a result of establishing proven and probable reserves, costs incurred to develop the property are capitalized as incurred until saleable minerals are extracted from the
F-11
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
mine and are amortized using the units-of-production method over the estimated life of the ore body based on estimated recoverable ounces or pounds mined from proven and probable reserves. These costs include costs to further delineate the ore body and remove overburden to initially expose the ore body. Subsequent mine development costs are treated as variable production costs.
At the Groups underground mines, the Group capitalizes all underground development costs to access specific ore blocks or other areas of the mine where such costs will provide future economic benefits as a result of establishing proven and probable reserves associated with a specific block or area of operations, even after the reef horizon may have been intersected with the development of the first specific ore block or area of the mine. All costs associated with the development of a specific underground block or area are capitalized until saleable minerals are extracted from that specific block or area. At the Groups underground mines, these costs include the cost of shaft sinking and access, the costs of building access ways, lateral development, drift development, ramps, box cuts and other infrastructure development.
The costs incurred to access specific ore blocks or areas of the mine, which only provide an economic benefit over the period during which that ore block or area is being mined, are attributed to earnings using the units-of-production method where the denominator is estimated recoverable ounces of gold contained in proven and probable reserves within that ore block or area. Capitalized costs that provide an economic benefit over the entire mine life, such as the initial primary shaft in an underground complex, will continue to be attributed to earnings using the units-of-production method, where the denominator is the estimated recoverable ounces of gold contained in total accessible proven and probable reserves.
Interest on borrowings incurred in respect of assets requiring a substantial period of time to prepare for their intended use is capitalized to the date on which the assets are substantially completed and ready for their intended use.
(ii) | LAND: Land is shown at cost and is not depreciated. |
(iii) | MINERAL INTERESTS: Mineral interests represent mineral and surface use rights for parcels of land owned by the Group. Mineral interests and other tangible assets include acquired mineral use rights in production, development and exploration stage properties. The amount capitalized related to mineral interests represents its fair value at the time it was acquired, either as an individual asset purchase or as part of a business combination. |
Production stage mineral interests represent mineral interests in operating properties that contain proven and probable reserves. Development stage mineral interests represent interests in properties under development that contain proven and probable reserves. Exploration stage mineral interests represent interests in properties that are believed to potentially contain (i) other mineralized material such as inferred material within pits, measured, indicated and inferred material with insufficient drill spacing to qualify as proven and probable reserves; and inferred material in close proximity to proven and probable reserves; (ii) around-mine exploration potential such as inferred material not immediately adjacent to existing reserves and mineralization but located within the immediate mine infrastructure; (iii) other mine-related exploration potential that is not part of measured, indicated or inferred material and is comprised mainly of material outside of the immediate mine area; or (iv) greenfield exploration potential that is not associated with any other production, development or exploration stage property as described above. The Groups mineral use rights are enforceable regardless of whether proven or |
F-12
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
probable reserves have been established. In certain limited situations, the nature of a use right changes from an exploration right to mining right upon the establishment of proven and probable reserves. The Group has the ability and intent to renew mineral use rights where the existing term is not sufficient to recover all identified and valued proven and probable reserves and/or undeveloped mineral interests. |
(iv) | AMORTIZATION AND DEPRECIATION OF MINING ASSETS: Mining assets, mine development and evaluation costs, and mine plant facilities are amortized over the life of mine using the units-of-production method, based on estimated above infrastructure proven and probable ore reserves. Proven and probable ore reserves reflect estimated quantities of economically recoverable reserves, which can be recovered in future from known mineral deposits. At the Groups South African operations, its amortization and depreciation calculations are generally based on the Groups most recent life-of-mine plan and annual above-infrastructure reserve declarations as approved by the Companys Board. However, if management becomes aware of significant changes in its above-infrastructure reserves ahead of the scheduled updates, management would not hesitate to immediately update its amortization and depreciation calculations and then subsequently notify the Companys Board. A similar approach is followed at the Groups operations in Ghana and Peru, due to the longer-life of the primary ore body. At the Groups other international operations, such as Australia, the Groups amortization and depreciation calculations are updated on a more regular basis during the year for all known changes in proven and probable reserves. The nature and life-span of the ore body, and the on-going information gathered in connection with the ore body, facilitates these more frequent updates. |
(v) | AMORTIZATION OF MINERAL INTERESTS: Mineral interests associated with production stage mineral interests are amortized over the life-of-mine using the units-of-production method in order to match the amortization with the expected underlying future cash flows. Mineral interests associated with development and exploration stage mineral interests are not amortized until such time as the underlying property is converted to the production stage. |
(vi) | DEPRECIATION OF NON-MINING ASSETS: Other non-mining assets are recorded at cost and depreciated on a straight-line basis over their expected useful lives as follows: |
Vehicles |
| 20.0% | ||||
Computers |
| 33.3% | ||||
Furniture and Equipment |
| 10.0% |
(vii) | MINING EXPLORATION: Expenditure on exploration activities is expensed as incurred. Such expenditure includes the costs incurred for purposes of upgrading resources from one category to another or for purposes of upgrading resources to proven and probable reserves, even when in close proximity to the Companys development and production stage properties. When it has been determined that a property can be economically developed as a result of establishing proven and probable reserves, costs incurred prospectively to develop the property are capitalized as mine development costs. |
(viii) | IMPAIRMENT: The Group reviews and tests the carrying amounts of long-lived assets, which include development costs, when events or changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. For impairment purposes, assets are grouped at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. The lowest level at which such cash flows are generated is generally at an individual operating mine, even if the individual operating mine is included in a larger mine complex. |
F-13
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
If there are indications that an impairment may have occurred, the Group prepares estimates of expected future cash flows for each group of assets. Expected future cash flows are based on a probability-weighted approach applied to potential outcomes and reflect: |
| estimated sales proceeds from the production and sale of recoverable ounces of gold contained in proven and probable reserves; |
| expected gold prices and currency exchange rates (considering historical and current prices, price trends and related factors); |
| expected future operating costs and capital expenditures to produce proven and probable gold reserves based on approved life-of-mine plans that assume current plant capacity, but exclude the impact of inflation; and |
| expected cash flows associated with value beyond proven and probable reserves, which include the expected cash outflows required to develop and extract the value beyond proven and probable reserves. |
The impairment analysis first compares the total estimated cash flows on an undiscounted basis to the carrying amount of the asset, including goodwill, if any. If the undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset, a second step is performed. The Group records a reduction of a group of assets to fair value as a charge to earnings if discounted expected future cash flows are less than the carrying amount. The Group estimates fair value by discounting the expected future cash flows using a discount factor, adjusted for inflation, that reflects the risk-free rate of interest for a term consistent with the period of expected cash flows. |
Managements estimate of future cash flows is subject to risk and uncertainties. It is therefore reasonably possible that changes could occur which may affect the recoverability of the Groups mining assets. |
(e) | DEFERRED TAXATION: Deferred taxation is calculated on the comprehensive basis using the balance sheet (assets and liabilities) approach. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are recognized by applying expected tax rates to the temporary differences existing at each reporting date between the tax values and their carrying amounts. These temporary differences are expected to result in taxable or deductible amounts in determining taxable profits for future periods when the carrying amount of the asset is recovered or the liability is settled. The effect on deferred tax of any changes in tax rates is recognized in the income statement during the period in which the change occurs. |
The principal temporary differences arise from depreciation on property, plant and equipment, provisions, unutilized capital allowances and tax losses carried forward. A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the carrying amounts of deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized.
The Group recognizes interest and penalties, if any, in the income statement as part of income tax expense.
Gold Fields recognizes the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such positions are then measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon settlement. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs.
(f) | NON-CURRENT INVESTMENTS: Non-current investments comprise (i) investments in listed companies which are classified as available-for-sale and are accounted for at fair value, with unrealized |
F-14
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
holding gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component of shareholders equity; and (ii) investments in unlisted companies which are carried at their original costs as the directors believe that the original cost is not materially different from the fair value; (iii) monies in environmental trust fund; and (iv) equity method investments. Realized gains and losses are included in the determination of net income or loss. |
Unrealized losses are included in the determination of net income or loss where it is determined that a decline, other than a temporary decline, in the value of the investment has occurred.
(g) | MATERIALS CONTAINED IN HEAP LEACH PADS: The recovery of gold from certain oxide ores is best achieved through the heap leaching process. Under this method, ore is placed on leach pads where it is permeated with a chemical solution, which dissolves the gold contained in the ore. The resulting pregnant solution is further processed in a leach plant where the gold in solution is recovered. For accounting purposes, value is added to leach pads based on current mining costs, including applicable depreciation and amortization relating to mining operations. Value is removed from the leach pad as ounces are recovered in circuit at the leach plant based on the average cost per recoverable ounce of gold on the leach pad. |
The engineering estimates of recoverable gold on the heap leach pads are calculated from quantities of ore placed on the pads (measured tonnes added to the leach pads), the grade of ore placed on the leach pads (based on assay data) and a recovery percentage (based on the leach process and the ore type). In general, the leach pad production cycles project recoveries of approximately 50% to 70% of the placed recoverable ounces in the first year of leaching, declining each year thereafter until the leaching process is completed.
Although the quantities of recoverable gold placed on the leach pads are reconciled by comparing the grades of ore placed on the pads to the quantities of gold actually recovered (metallurgical balancing), the nature of the leaching process inherently limits the ability to precisely monitor inventory levels. As a result, the metallurgical balancing process is constantly monitored and engineering estimates are refined based on actual results over time. Variations between actual and estimated quantities resulting from changes in assumptions and estimates that do not result in write-downs to net realizable value are accounted for on a prospective basis. The ultimate recovery of gold from the pad will not be known until the leaching process is terminated.
The current portion of leach pad inventories is determined based on engineering estimates of the quantities of gold at the reporting date that are expected to be recovered during the next twelve months.
(h) | INVENTORIES: Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and market value. The Groups inventories comprise consumable stores, gold-in-process, gold bullion, ore stockpiles and mineral rights and are accounted for as follows: |
Consumable stores: Consumable stores are valued at average cost, after appropriate provision for surplus and slow moving items.
Gold-in-process: Gold in-process inventories at the international operations represent materials that are currently in the process of being converted to a saleable product. Conversion processes vary depending on the nature of the ore and the specific mining operation, but include mill in-circuit, leach in-circuit, flotation and column cells, and carbon in-pulp inventories. In-process material is measured based on assays of the material fed to process and the projected recoveries of the respective plants. In-process inventories are valued at the average cost of the material fed to process attributable to the source material coming from the mine, stockpile or leach pad plus the in-process conversion costs, including applicable depreciation relating to the process facility, incurred to that point in the process.
F-15
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Gold bullion: Gold bullion inventories represent saleable gold ore or gold bullion and are valued at the average cost of the respective in-process inventories incurred prior to the refining process, plus refining costs.
Concentrates: Concentrate inventories represent concentrate available for shipment. The concentrate inventory is valued at the average cost, including an allocated portion of amortization. Costs are added to and removed from the concentrate inventory based on tons of concentrate and are valued at the lower of average cost and market value. Managements determination of the gold and copper concentrate content and quantity depends on assay and laboratory results for the metal content and survey for the quantities.
Stockpiles: Stockpiles represent coarse ore that has been extracted from the mine that is available for further processing. Stockpiles are measured by estimating the number of tons (via truck counts and/or in-pit surveys of the ore before stockpiling) added and removed from the stockpile, the number of contained ounces (based on assay data) and the recovery percentage (based on the process for which the ore is destined). Stockpile tonnages are verified by periodic surveys. Stockpiles are valued based on mining costs incurred up to the point of stockpiling the ore, including applicable depreciation and amortization relating to mining operations. Value is added to a stockpile based on the current mining cost per ton plus applicable depreciation and amortization and removed at the average cost per recoverable ounce of gold in the stockpile.
Mineral rights: Mineral rights not linked to any specific operation are valued at the lower of cost and market value.
(i) | FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS: Financial instruments carried on the statement of financial position include cash and cash equivalents, investments, receivables, derivative financial instruments, accounts payable and accrued liabilities. The particular recognition method for each financial instrument item is disclosed in its respective significant accounting policy description. |
(j) | HEDGING: The Group accounts for its hedging activities in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, guidance for derivative instruments and hedging activities. |
Under ASC 815, all derivatives are recognized on the statement of financial position at their fair value, unless they meet the criteria for the normal purchases normal sale exemption. On the date a derivative contract is entered into, the Group designates the derivative as (1) a hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or liability (fair value hedge), (2) a hedge of a forecasted transaction (cash flow hedge), or (3) a hedge of a net investment in a foreign entity. Certain derivative transactions, while providing effective economic hedges under the Groups risk management policies, do not qualify for hedge accounting.
Hedging activities are conducted in accordance with guidelines established by the Audit Committee which allow for the use of various hedging instruments.
Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective, and that is designated and qualifies as a fair value hedge, are recorded in earnings, along with the change in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that is attributable to the hedged risk.
Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective, and that is designated and qualifies as a cash flow hedge, are recognized directly in shareholders equity. Amounts deferred in shareholders equity are included in earnings in the same period during which the hedged firm commitment or forecasted transaction affects earnings.
F-16
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Recognition of derivatives which meet the criteria for the normal purchases normal sales exception under SFAS No. 133 is deferred until settlement. Under these contracts, the Group must deliver a specified quantity of gold at a future date at a specified price to the contracted counter-party.
Hedges of net investment in foreign entities are accounted for similarly to cash flow hedges. Changes in the fair value of derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting are recognized in the statement of operations, under the caption entitled gains and losses on financial instruments. The fair value recognized on the statement of financial position is included under the caption financial instruments.
The Group formally documents all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. This process includes linking derivatives designed as hedges to specific assets and liabilities or to specific firm commitments or forecasted transactions. The Group also formally assesses, both at the hedge inception date and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of hedged items.
(k) | CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS: Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand, demand deposits and investments in money market instruments. These are all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase. |
The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents is stated at cost which approximates fair value.
(l) | TRADE RECEIVABLES: Trade receivables are carried at anticipated realizable value. Estimates are made for doubtful debts based on a review of all outstanding amounts at period end. Irrecoverable amounts are written off during the period in which they are identified. |
(m) | PROVISIONS: Provisions are recognized when information is available prior to the issuance of the financial statements which indicates that it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount can be reasonably estimated. |
(n) | REHABILITATION COSTS: ASC 410 applies to legal obligations associated with the retirement of a long-lived asset that result from the acquisition, construction, development and/or the normal operation of a long-lived asset. |
Under ASC 410 the Group records the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation in the period in which it is incurred. When the liability is initially recorded, the Group correspondingly capitalizes the cost by increasing the carrying value of the related long-lived asset. Over time, the liability is increased (accretion) to reflect an interest element considered in its initial measurement at fair value, and the capitalized cost is amortized over the useful life of the related asset. Upon settlement of the liability, the Group will record a gain or loss if the actual cost incurred differs from the liability recorded.
Environmental liabilities, other than rehabilitation costs which relate to liabilities from specific events, are expensed as incurred.
(o) | ENVIRONMENTAL TRUST FUNDS: Contributions are made to the Groups trust funds, created in accordance with statutory requirements, to fund the estimated cost of pollution control, rehabilitation and mine closure at the end of the life of the Groups South African mines. Contributions are determined on the basis of the estimated environmental obligation over the life of the mine. Income earned on monies paid to environmental trust funds is accounted for as investment income. The funds contributed to the trusts plus growth in the trust funds are included under investments on the statement of financial position. |
F-17
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(p) | EMPLOYEE BENEFITS |
(i) | PENSION AND PROVIDENT FUNDS: In South Africa, the Group operates a defined benefit pension plan and a defined contribution retirement plan and contributes to a number of industry based defined contribution retirement plans. The retirement plans are funded by payments from employees and the Group. |
The expected costs of the defined benefit pension plan are assessed in accordance with the advice of independent actuaries. The cost of experience adjustments or planned amendments is expensed to the statement of operations over the expected average remaining service lives of the relevant employees. Any shortfalls are funded either immediately or as increased employer contributions to ensure the ongoing soundness of the fund.
Contributions to defined contribution funds are expensed to the statement of operations as incurred.
(ii) | POST-RETIREMENT HEALTH CARE COSTS: Medical coverage is provided through a number of schemes. Post-retirement health care in respect of existing employees is recognized as an expense over the remaining service lives of the relevant employees. |
The Group has an obligation to provide medical benefits to certain of its pensioners and dependents of ex-employees. These liabilities are unfunded and have been provided in full, calculated on an actuarial basis.
Valuation of these obligations is carried out annually by independent actuaries using appropriate mortality tables, long-term estimates of increases in medical costs and appropriate discount rates.
(iii) | SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS: Compensation costs recognized in fiscal 2011, six months ended December 31, 2010, fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009 include: a) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested as of July 1, 2005, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of ASC 718, Accounting for Stock- Based Compensation, and b) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted subsequent to June 30, 2005, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of ASC 718, Share-Based-Payment. |
Prior to July 1, 2005, the Group accounted for share-based payments under the recognition and measurement provisions of APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, or APB 25, and related Interpretations, as permitted by ASC 718. In accordance with APB 25, no compensation cost was required to be recognized for options granted that had an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant other than on occasions where the term of the share option vesting schedules are modified or accelerated.
(q) | REVENUE RECOGNITION: Revenue arising from gold and by-product sales is recognized when the risks and rewards of ownership and title pass to the buyer under the terms of the applicable contract, the pricing is fixed and determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. Sales revenue excludes value-added tax but includes the net profit and losses arising from hedging transactions from matched gold sales contracts, which are designated as normal sales contracts. |
Contracts for the Sales of copper concentrate are provisionally pricedthat is, the selling price is subject to final adjustment at the end of a period normally ranging from 30 to 90 days after delivery to the customer, based on market prices at the relevant quotation points stipulated in the contract.
F-18
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Revenue on provisionally priced copper concentrate sales is recorded on the date of shipment, net of refining and treatment charges, using the forward London Metal Exchange price to the estimated final pricing date, adjusted for the specific terms of the relevant agreement. Variations between the price used to recognize revenue and the actual final price received can be caused by changes in prevailing copper and gold prices and result in an embedded derivative. The host contract is the receivable from the sale of copper concentrate at the forward London Metal Exchange price at the time of sale. The embedded derivative, which does not qualify for hedge accounting, is marked-to-market each period until final settlement occurs, with changes in fair value classified as provisional price adjustments and included as a component of revenue while the contract itself is recorded in accounts receivable.
(r) | DIVIDEND INCOME: Dividends are recognized when the right to receive payment is established. |
(s) | INTEREST INCOME: Interest is recognized on a time proportion basis taking account of the principal outstanding and the effective rate to maturity on the accrual basis. |
(t) | DIVIDENDS DECLARED: Dividends proposed and the related taxation thereon are recognized only when the dividends are declared. Dividends are payable in South African Rand. |
(u) | SEGMENT REPORTING: The Group is a gold mining company operating geographically in South Africa, Ghana, Australia and Peru. The business segments comprise geographical operations based on locations and operating units. |
(v) | EARNINGS/(LOSS) PER SHARE is calculated based on the net income/(loss) divided by the weighted average number of common shares in issue during the period. Diluted earnings/(loss) per share is presented when the inclusion of potential ordinary shares has a dilutive effect on earnings/(loss) per share. |
(w) | RECLASSIFICATIONS: Certain amounts in prior periods and fiscal years have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. |
(x) | RECENTLY ADOPTED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS |
Revenue recognition
In October 2009, the Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC guidance, related to revenue recognition: multiple-deliverable revenue arrangements was updated. The update specifies multipledeliverable revenue arrangements will be separated in more circumstances than under existing U.S. GAAP requirements. It establishes a selling price hierarchy and requires significant expansion of disclosures relating to multiple-deliverable revenue arrangements. The amendments in this update are effective prospectively for revenue arrangements entered into or modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
In April 2010, the ASC guidance related to revenue recognition: milestone method of revenue recognition was updated. The amendments provide guidance on the criteria that should be met for determining whether the milestone method of revenue recognition is appropriate. The amendments are effective on a prospective basis for milestones achieved in fiscal years, and interim periods within those years beginning on or after June 15, 2010 The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
Fair value measurements
In January 2010, the ASC guidance related to fair value measurement: improving disclosures about fair value measurements was updated, providing amendments to the guidance which requires entities to
F-19
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
disclose separately the amounts of significant transfers in and out of Level 1 (unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical unrestricted assets or liabilities) and Level 2 (Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly for substantially the full term of the asset or liability) fair value measurements and describe the reasons for the transfers. In addition, entities are required to present separately information about purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements in the reconciliation for fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). The disclosures related to Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009. The disclosures related to Level 3 fair value measurements are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2010. Except for presentation changes, the updated guidance did not have an impact on the Groups financial statements.
Derivatives and hedging
During March 2010, the ASC guidance related to derivatives and hedging: scope exception related to embedded credit derivatives was updated. The amendments clarify the scope exceptions related to embedded credit derivatives. The amendments are effective from the first fiscal quarter beginning after June 15, 2010. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
Compensationstock compensation
During April 2010, the ASC guidance related to compensation- stock compensation: effect of denominating the exercise price of a share-based payment awarded in the currency of the market in which the underlying equity security trades was updated. The update clarifies that an employee share-based payment award with an exercise price denominated in the currency of a market in which a substantial portion of the entitys equity securities trades should not be considered to contain a condition that is not a market, performance, or service condition. Therefore, an entity would not classify such an award as a liability if it otherwise qualifies as equity. The amendments are effective for those fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2010. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
Financial servicesinsurance
During April 2010, the ASC guidance related to financial services insurance: how investments held through separate accounts affect an insurers consolidation analysis of those investments was updated. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements. The amendments are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2010.
Receivables
During April 2010, the ASC guidance related to receivables: effect of a loan modification when the loan is part of a pool that is accounted for as single asset was updated. The amendment clarifies that modifications of loans that are accounted for within a pool do not result in the removal of those loans from the pool even if the modification of those loans would otherwise be considered a troubled debt restructuring. An entity will continue to be required to consider whether the pool of assets in which the loan is included is impaired if expected cash flows for the pool change. The amendments are effective
F-20
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
for modifications of loans accounted for within pools under Subtopic 310-30 occurring in the first interim an annual period ending July 15, 2010. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
In July 2010, the ASC guidance related to receivables: disclosures about the credit quality of financing receivables and the allowance for credit losses was updated. The update requires disclosure of additional information to assist financial statement users understand more clearly an entitys credit risk exposures to finance receivables and the related allowance for credit losses. For public entities, the disclosures as of the end of a reporting period are effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending on or after December 15, 2010. The disclosures about activity that occurs during a reporting period are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning on or after December 15, 2010. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
Defined contribution pension plans
During September 2010, the ASC guidance related to plan accounting - defined contribution pension plans : reporting loans to participants by defined contribution pension plans (a consensus of the FASB emerging issues task force) relating to reporting loans to participants by defined contribution pension plans was updated. The amendments require that participant loans be classified as notes receivable from participants, which are segregated from plan investments and measured at their unpaid principal balance plus any accrued but unpaid interest. The amendments are applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented, effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2010. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
Intangiblesgoodwill and other
In December 2010, the ASC guidance related to intangibles - goodwill and other: when to perform step 2 of the goodwill impairment test for reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts relating to goodwill testing was updated. The update modifies Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test for reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts. For those reporting units, an entity is required to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test if it is more likely than not that a goodwill impairment exists. In determining whether it is more likely than not that goodwill impairment exists, an entity should consider whether there are any adverse qualitative factors indicating that an impairment may exist. For public entities, the update is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2010. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
Business combinations
In December 2010, the ASC guidance related to business combinations: disclosure of supplementary pro forma information for business combinations relating to business combinations was updated. The update specifies that if a public entity presents comparative financial statements, the entity should disclose revenue and earnings of the combined entity as though the business combination(s) that occurred during the current year had occurred as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period only. The update also expands the supplemental pro forma disclosures to include a description of the nature and amount of material, nonrecurring pro forma adjustments directly attributable to the business combination included in the reported pro forma revenue and earnings. The amendments are effective prospectively for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2010. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements.
F-21
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(y) | RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS NOT YET ADOPTED |
Receivables
During January 2011, the ASC guidance related to receivables: deferral of the effective date of disclosures about troubled debt restructurings on update 2010-20 was issued. The update temporarily delays the effective date of the disclosures about troubled debt restructurings in Update 2010-20 for public entities. The delay is intended to allow the Board time to complete its deliberations on what constitutes a troubled debt restructuring. The effective date of the new disclosures about troubled debt restructurings for public entities and the guidance for determining what constitutes a troubled debt restructuring will then be coordinated. Currently, that guidance is anticipated to be effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2011.
During April 2011, the ASC guidance related to receivables: a creditors determination of whether a restructuring is a troubled debt restructuring was updated. The amendments clarify the guidance on a creditors evaluation of whether restructuring constitutes a concession and whether the debtor is experiencing financial difficulties. The updated guidance did not impact the Groups financial statements. The amendments are effective for the first interim or annual period beginning on or after June 15, 2011.
Fair value measurement
During May 2011, the ASC guidance related to fair value measurement: amendments to achieve common fair value measurement and disclosure requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRS was issued. The new standards do not extend the use of fair value but, rather, provide guidance about how fair value should be applied where it already is required or permitted under IFRS or U.S. GAAP. For U.S. GAAP, most of the changes are clarifications of existing guidance or wording changes to align with IFRS. The Group expects that the adoption of ASU 2011-04 in 2012 will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011 and should be applied prospectively.
Comprehensive income
During June 2011, the ASC guidance related to comprehensive income: presentation of comprehensive income was updated. The amendments provide an entity with the option to present the components of net income and comprehensive income in either one or two consecutive financial statements. The amendments eliminate the option in U.S. GAAP to present other comprehensive income in the statement of changes in equity. An entity should apply the ASU retrospectively. In December 2011, the FASB decided to defer the effective date of those changes in ASU 2011-05 that relate only to the presentation of reclassification adjustments in the statement of income by issuing ASU 2011-12, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive income in Accounting Standards Update 2011-05. The Group plans to implement the provisions of ASU 2011-05 by presenting a separate statement of other comprehensive income following the statement of income in 2012.
F-22
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Intangibles: Goodwill and other
During September 2011, the ASC guidance related to intangibles: goodwill and other: testing goodwill for impairment was updated. The amendments permit an entity to make a qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that a reporting units fair value is less than its carrying amount before applying the two-step goodwill impairment test. If an entity concludes it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, it need not perform the two-step impairment test. The amendments are effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. The Group will implement the provisions of ASU 2011-08 as of January 1, 2012.
Balance sheet
During December 2011, the ASC guidance related to balance sheet: disclosures about offsetting assets and liabilities was updated. The amendments require an entity to disclose information about offsetting and related arrangements to enable users of financial statements to understand the effect of those arrangements on its financial position, and to allow investors to better compare financial statements prepared under U.S. GAAP with financial statements prepared under IFRS. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning January 1, 2013, and interim periods within those annual periods. Retrospective application is required. The Group will implement the provisions of ASU 2011-11 as of January 1, 2013.
3. | ACQUISITION AND DISPOSAL OF BUSINESSES |
(a) Disposal of IRCA (Pty) Limited
On March 28, 2009, Gold Fields Limited, or Gold Fields, or the Company, disposed of its assets in IRCA (Pty) Limited, or IRCA, for a total cash consideration of $5.0 million, realizing a loss of $0.3 million, which was included in loss on sale of subsidiaries in the consolidated statement of operations in fiscal 2009.
(b) Sale of Essakane project
On October 11, 2007, Gold Fields reached an agreement to sell its 60% stake in the Essakane exploration project located in Burkina Faso to Orezone Gold Corporation, or Orezone, for a minimum total consideration of $200 million. The transaction closed on November 26, 2007. Orezone paid Gold Fields $152 million in cash and issued 41,666,667 common shares having an aggregate subscription price of $48 million to its wholly-owned subsidiary, Gold Fields Essakane (BVI) Limited.
Following the disposal, Gold Fields owned 41,666,667 common shares of Orezone, representing 12.2% of Orezones issued and outstanding common shares. During fiscal year ended June 30, 2009, Gold Fields exchanged the Orezone shares for approximately 3.3 million shares of IAMGold Limited as a result of the acquisition of all Orezone shares by IAMGold. Gold Fields subsequently disposed of the IAMGold shares for a cash consideration of $33.4 million in fiscal year ended June 30, 2009, realizing a profit of $7.2 million.
(c) Far South East Project
On March 22, 2012, Gold Fields exercised its 40% option in the gold-copper Far Southeast Project, or FSE, in the Philippines after making a $110 million payment. On September 20, 2010 Gold Fields entered into two option agreements with Lepanto the 60% owner of FSE, and Liberty the 40% owner of FSE, granting Gold Fields an option to acquire a 60% interest in FSE for a total consideration of $340-million.
F-23
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
After paying option fees of $10.0 million and making two down-payments of $44 million and $66 million in September 2010 and September 2011 respectively, Gold Fields brought forward half of the remaining $220 million payment to acquire Libertys 40% interest in FSE. Gold Fields continues to hold its option to acquire an additional 20% stake in FSE from Lepanto for a further US$110 million, which, if exercised, would increase its total interest in FSE to 60%.
The Liberty and Lepanto options were initially granted to Gold Fields for the later of 18 months from signature in September 2010 or the date of receiving a Financial or Technical Assistance Agreement, or FTAA, for the project. A FTAA licence allows a foreign corporation to control a majority interest in a Philippine mining project. Notwithstanding this provision, Gold Fields has the discretion to exercise either option prior to the FTAA being granted. The FTAA application for the FSE project was filed in November 2011 and based on the date of the filing Gold Fields expects it could be granted in the second half of 2012. Gold Fields also expects to have a maiden resource statement for FSE and commence a pre-feasibility study later this year. See Growth & International ProjectsInternational ProjectsFar Southeast Scoping Study.
(d) The Mankayan Project
On October 4, 2011, Gold Fields entered into an option agreement with Bezant Resources PLC (Bezant), or Bezant, to acquire the entire issued share capital of Asean Copper Investments Limited, or Asean, which is incorporated in the British Virgin Islands, a wholly owned subsidiary of Bezant. Asean holds Bezants entire interest in the Guinaoang porphyry copper-gold deposit (the Mankayan project) located on Luzon Island in the Philippines.
Gold Fields paid an upfront non-refundable option fee of $7.0 million and was granted the option to acquire the entire issued share capital of Asean for $63.0 million. The option can be exercised from the date upon which it is granted until expiry on January 31, 2013. The Mankayan project is located approximately four kilometers east of the FSE deposit.
(e) Ghana Operations
On June 22, 2011, Gold Fields acquired the 18.9% minority stake of IAMGold Corporation, or IAMGold, in the Tarkwa and Damang gold mines in Ghana, for a cash consideration of U.S.$667 million, increasing Gold Fields interest in each of the Tarkwa and Damang gold mines from 71.1% to 90.0%, the remaining 10.0% interest being held by the government of Ghana.
(f) Peru Operations
On March 22, 2011, Gold Fields Corona (BVI) Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Gold Fields made a voluntary purchase offer to acquire the outstanding common voting shares and investment shares of Gold Fields La Cima S.A.A., or La Cima, that were not already owned. The offer closed on April 15, 2011. With the closing of the offer and with further purchases of shares after that date, Gold Fields effective economic shareholding in La Cima increased to 98.5% from 80.7% for a total cash consideration of U.S.$382 million. La Cima holds the Cerro Corona mine in Peru.
F-24
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
4. | FINANCE EXPENSE |
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, |
Six Months Ended December 31, |
Fiscal Year Ended June, 30 |
||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
Interest expenseMvelaphanda loan |
| | | (34.9 | ) | |||||||||||
Interest expensepreference share dividend |
(1.3 | ) | (3.1 | ) | (5.9 | ) | (9.8 | ) | ||||||||
Interest expenseother |
(62.3 | ) | (33.3 | ) | (65.8 | ) | (92.8 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total finance expense |
(63.6 | ) | (36.4 | ) | (71.7 | ) | (137.5 | ) | ||||||||
Capitalized interest |
9.3 | 4.7 | 6.5 | 63.6 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
(54.3 | ) | (31.7 | ) | (65.2 | ) | (73.9 | ) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5. | INCOME AND MINING TAX EXPENSE |
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, |
Six Months Ended December 31, |
Fiscal Year Ended June 30, |
||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
Current income taxes |
||||||||||||||||
South Africa |
(108.3 | ) | (39.0 | ) | (67.7 | ) | (101.6 | ) | ||||||||
Ghana |
(180.5 | ) | (73.4 | ) | (98.6 | ) | (34.2 | ) | ||||||||
Australia |
(35.9 | ) | | (16.5 | ) | (21.0 | ) | |||||||||
Peru |
(111.7 | ) | (47.1 | ) | (51.2 | ) | (16.1 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Current income and mining taxes |
(436.4 | ) | (159.5 | ) | (234.0 | ) | (172.9 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Deferred income taxes |
||||||||||||||||
South Africa |
(70.1 | ) | 44.9 | (58.6 | ) | (37.5 | ) | |||||||||
Ghana |
(12.0 | ) | 4.5 | (28.1 | ) | (24.7 | ) | |||||||||
Australia |
(51.3 | ) | (22.9 | ) | (12.3 | ) | (12.8 | ) | ||||||||
Peru |
17.8 | (0.8 | ) | (25.4 | ) | (16.7 | ) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Deferred income and mining taxes |
(115.6 | ) | 25.7 | (124.4 | ) | (91.7 | ) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total income and mining taxes |
(552.0 | ) | (133.8 | ) | (358.4 | ) | (264.6 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Companys pre-tax income before, impairment of equity investee and share of equity investees share of losses comprise:
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, |
Six Months Ended December 31, |
Fiscal Year Ended June 30, |
||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
South Africa |
378.5 | (221.0 | ) | 192.0 | 269.9 | |||||||||||
Ghana |
624.9 | 216.8 | 343.1 | 140.7 | ||||||||||||
Australia |
258.8 | 77.3 | 55.7 | 92.3 | ||||||||||||
Peru |
241.1 | 139.4 | 164.6 | 82.7 | ||||||||||||
British Virgin Islands(1) |
4.5 | (17.7 | ) | 96.0 | (34.4 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
1,507.8 | 194.8 | 851.4 | 551.2 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | The pre-tax loss relates to non-operating entitites, incorporated in the British Virgin Islands, includes impairment of investments for fiscal year ended December 31, 2011; net gain on disposal of |
F-25
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
investments in the six-month period ended December 31, 2010, a net gain on disposal of investments and impairment of investments in fiscal year ended June 30, 2010 and a net loss on disposal and impairment of listed investments in fiscal year ended June 30, 2009. |
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, |
Six Months Ended December 31, |
Fiscal Year Ended June, 30 |
||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
South African mining tax on mining income is determined on a formula basis which takes into account the profit and revenue from mining operations during the year. Non-mining income is taxed at a standard rate. Deferred tax is provided at the estimated effective mining tax rate on temporary differences. The applicable tax rates are: |
||||||||||||||||
South Africa: |
||||||||||||||||
Mining statutory rate |
43.0 | % | 43.0 | % | 43.0 | % | 43.0 | % | ||||||||
Non-mining income standard tax rate |
35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | ||||||||
Non-mining companies |
28.0 | % | 28.0 | % | 28.0 | % | 28.0 | % | ||||||||
Ghana |
25.0 | % | 25.0 | % | 25.0 | % | 25.0 | % | ||||||||
Australia |
30.0 | % | 30.0 | % | 30.0 | % | 30.0 | % | ||||||||
Peru |
30.0 | % | 35.6 | % | 35.6 | % | 35.6 | % | ||||||||
Major items causing the Groups income tax provision to differ from the South African mining statutory rate were: |
||||||||||||||||
Tax on net income at South African mining statutory rate |
(648.4 | ) | (83.7 | ) | (366.1 | ) | (237.0 | ) | ||||||||
Rate adjustment to reflect company tax rates. |
239.2 | 74.3 | 62.7 | 49.1 | ||||||||||||
South African mining tax formula rate adjustment |
11.9 | 10.4 | 16.6 | 27.7 | ||||||||||||
Valuation allowance raised against deferred tax assets |
| | (8.3 | ) | (17.5 | ) | ||||||||||
Reversal of valuation allowance previously raised against deferred tax assets |
22.0 | 10.3 | 0.1 | 2.7 | ||||||||||||
Non taxable income/non deductible expenditure1 |
(199.0 | ) | (197.6 | ) | 27.4 | (54.4 | ) | |||||||||
South African capital gains tax |
| | (23.9 | ) | | |||||||||||
Royalties2 |
| | (71.6 | ) | (37.7 | ) | ||||||||||
Deferred tax release on reduction of tax rate at the Peruvian operation (six months ended December 31, 2010: South African operations) |
9.1 | 61.3 | | | ||||||||||||
Other |
13.2 | (8.8 | ) | 4.7 | 2.5 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Income and mining tax expense |
(552.0 | ) | (133.8 | ) | (358.4 | ) | (264.6 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | The $199.0 million (six months ended December 31, 2010: $197.6 million) non-deductible expenditure comprises mainly $nil (six months ended December 31, 2010: $128.0 million) empowerment transaction costs, $24.5 million (six months ended December 31, 2010: $11.6 million) share-based-compensation, $92.8 million (six months ended December 31, 2010: $25.9 million) exploration, feasibility and |
F-26
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
evaluation costs and $35.9 million (six months ended December 31, 2010: $12.6 million) National Stabilization Levy in Ghana. |
(2) | The classification of royalty expense at the Groups operations requires judgement, particularly at the Groups South African and Ghanian operations, where the percentages to be applied in calculating royalties are influenced by the expenses incurred in generating those product sales (and therefore the profitability of the operations). In light of the continued increase in royalties at the Groups international operations, and the fact that changes to the calculation of royalties in Ghana, representing the largest component of consolidated royalty expense, changed to a predetermined 5% of product sales (regardless of the operating margin), Gold Fields changed the classification of royalty expense in its consolidated financial statements from a component of income and mining taxes to other expenses in its consolidated statements of operations starting with the six months ended December 31, 2010. Given the change in circumstances, Gold Fields considered it appropriate to change the presentation on a prospective basis. |
(3) | No provision is made for the income tax effect that may arise on the remittance of unremitted earnings by certain foreign subsidiaries. It is managements intention that these earnings will be permanently re-invested into future capital expansion projects, maintenance capital and ongoing working capital funding requirements. In the event that the Group repatriated these earnings, income taxes and withholding taxes may be incurred. The determination of such taxes is subject to various complex calculations and accordingly, the Group has determined that it is impractical to estimate the amount of deferred tax liability on such unremitted earnings. |
(4) | The Group does not have any uncertain tax positions which will more likely than not result in changes to tax liabilities. |
Deferred income and mining tax liabilities and assets on the balance sheet as of December 31, 2011, December 31, 2010 and June 30, 2010 relate to the following:
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Deferred income and mining tax liabilities |
||||||||||||
Mining assets |
1,803.8 | 2,119.8 | 1,978.0 | |||||||||
Investments held by environmental trust funds |
77.3 | 59.3 | 51.0 | |||||||||
Inventory |
9.3 | 9.3 | 8.9 | |||||||||
Other |
45.8 | | 41.1 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Gross deferred income and mining tax liabilities |
1,936.2 | 2,188.4 | 2,079.0 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Provisions, including rehabilitation accruals |
(149.0 | ) | (130.4 | ) | (122.3 | ) | ||||||
Tax losses |
(278.1 | ) | (515.0 | ) | (536.7 | ) | ||||||
Unredeemed capital expenditure |
(630.0 | ) | (648.6 | ) | (625.1 | ) | ||||||
Other |
(3.7 | ) | (21.6 | ) | | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Gross deferred income and mining tax assets |
(1,060.8 | ) | (1,315.6 | ) | (1,284.1 | ) | ||||||
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets |
152.4 | 192.5 | 195.3 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total deferred income and mining tax assets |
(908.4 | ) | (1,123.1 | ) | (1,088.8 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net deferred income and mining tax liabilities |
1,027.8 | 1,065.3 | 990.2 | |||||||||
Less short term portion of deferred income and mining tax (included in accounts payable and provisions) |
(8.4 | ) | (13.5 | ) | (7.7 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net deferred income and mining tax liabilities |
1,019.4 | 1,051.8 | 982.5 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-27
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The classification of deferred income and mining tax liabilities or assets as current or non-current is based on the related liability or asset creating the deferred tax. Deferred taxes not related to a specific liability or asset are classified based on the estimated period of reversal.
The Group has established a valuation allowance for certain deferred tax assets where cumulative losses require a valuation allowance, or where management believes that they will not be realized based on projections as of December 31, 2011, December 31, 2010 and June 30, 2010. The valuation allowance relates primarily to net operating loss carry-forwards for the entities below, except for Living Gold (Pty) Limited, Gold Fields Operations, or GFO, and GFI Joint Venture Holdings, or GFIJVH, which also include unredeemed capital expenditure.
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Orogen Investments SA (Luxembourg) |
39.2 | 40.9 | 43.7 | |||||||||
Gold Fields Arctic Platinum Oy |
30.3 | 28.3 | 26.2 | |||||||||
Living Gold (Pty) Limited |
3.9 | 6.5 | 5.6 | |||||||||
Gold Fields Operations |
33.2 | 53.1 | 55.0 | |||||||||
GFI Joint Venture Holdings |
44.6 | 62.2 | 63.6 | |||||||||
Other |
1.2 | 1.5 | 1.2 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
152.4 | 192.5 | 195.3 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Group has tax losses available of $130.8 million (December 31, 2010: $136.5 million and June 30, 2010: $145.3 million) at Orogen Investments SA (Luxembourg), or Orogen, which can only be used to offset future interest income generated by Orogen. In terms of current Luxembourg taxation legislation, losses incurred in accounting periods subsequent to December 31, 1990, can be carried forward indefinitely. Losses incurred prior to this date could only be carried forward for five (5) years. All losses incurred by Orogen were incurred subsequent to December 31, 1990.
The Group had tax losses at Gold Fields Australia (Pty) Limited of $nil million at December 31, 2011 (December 31, 2010: $177.6 million and June 30, 2010: $251.9 million). Tax losses may be carried forward indefinitely.
As at December 31, 2011, December 31, 2010 and June 30, 2010 the Group had unredeemed capital expenditure and tax loss carry forwards available for deduction against future mining income at its operations as follows:
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Unredeemed capital expenditure: |
||||||||||||
Beatrix Division of GFI Mining South Africa (Pty) Limited |
| 117.6 | 140.2 | |||||||||
Gold Fields Operations |
608.4 | 587.3 | 462.1 | |||||||||
GFI Joint Venture Holdings |
1,049.4 | 1,119.6 | 936.2 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
1,657.8 | 1,824.5 | 1,538.5 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
The Group has estimated capital allowances to be offset against future income: |
||||||||||||
Abosso Goldfields Limited |
| | 15.5 | |||||||||
Gold Fields La Cima S.A.A |
507.9 | 163.6 | 710.1 |
F-28
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The estimated capital allowances do not have an expiration date. In terms of current Ghanaian taxation legislation, tax losses not utilized by Gold Fields Ghana Limited, or GF Ghana, and Abosso Goldfields Limited, or Abosso, are forfeited after five (5) years. GF Ghana, Abosso and Gold Fields La Cima, or La Cima, currently have no tax losses available for utilization against future profits.
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Estimated assessed tax losses: |
||||||||||||
Gold Fields Operations |
484.4 | 653.2 | 600.4 | |||||||||
GFI Joint Venture Holdings |
12.6 | 67.5 | 81.5 | |||||||||
Gold Fields Australia Pty Limited |
| 177.6 | 251.9 | |||||||||
Gold Fields Group Services (Pty) Limited |
10.0 | 2.0 | | |||||||||
Golden Oils (Pty) Limited |
1.2 | 1.4 | 1.0 | |||||||||
Agrihold (Pty) Limited |
1.9 | 2.3 | 2.1 | |||||||||
Golden Hytec Farming (Pty) Limited |
1.1 | 1.4 | 1.2 | |||||||||
Living Gold (Pty) Limited |
14.1 | 23.1 | 20.1 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
525.3 | 928.5 | 958.2 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
These future deductions may be utilized against income generated by the individual tax entity concerned and do not expire unless the tax entity ceases to commercially operate for a period longer than one year. Under South African mining tax ring-fencing legislation, each tax entity is treated separately and as such these deductions can only be utilized by the tax entities in which the deductions have been generated.
Tax years open for assessments |
||||
South Africa(1) |
2001-2010 | |||
Ghana(2) |
All years open | |||
Australia(3) |
2002-2010 | |||
Peru(4) |
2005-2010 |
Notes: |
(1) | The South African Tax legislation allows the Revenue Authorities to reopen assessments issued for a period of up to 3 years after the assessments were issued. |
(2) | The Ghanaian Tax Authorities have the right to examine and, if necessary, amend the income tax determined by the relevant Group entity for any year without limitation to the years which may be reassessed. |
(3) | The Australian Tax Authorities have the right to examine and, if necessary, amend the income tax determined by the relevant Group entity in the last four years, as from the date the tax returns have been filed. |
(4) | The Peruvian Tax Authorities have the right to examine and, if necessary, amend the income tax determined by the relevant Group entity in the last four years, as from the date the tax returns have been filed. |
It is possible that the Group will receive assessments during the next twelve months, which may have an effect on uncertain tax positions. The Group cannot estimate the amounts of possible changes as a result of an assessment.
F-29
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
6. EARNINGS PER SHARE
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, |
Six Months Ended December 31, |
Fiscal Year Ended June, 30 |
||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE |
||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to Gold Fields shareholders |
881.5 | 12.6 | 391.0 | 160.9 | ||||||||||||
Shares outstandingbeginning of year |
720,796,887 | 705,903,511 | 704,749,849 | 653,200,682 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average number of shares issued |
1,579,341 | 5,108,162 | 614,351 | 17,127,580 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Weighted average number of shares issued at the end of the year |
722,376,228 | 711,011,673 | 705,364,200 | 670,328,262 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Basic earnings per share |
1.22 | 0.02 | 0.55 | 0.24 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE |
||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to Gold Fields shareholders |
881.5 | 12.6 | 391.0 | 160.9 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average number of shares issued at the end of the year |
722,376,228 | 711,011,673 | 705,364,200 | 670,328,262 | ||||||||||||
Effect of dilutive securities |
8,411,270 | 8,677,377 | 9,185,642 | 7,462,470 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
730,787,498 | 719,689,050 | 714,549,842 | 677,790,732 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Diluted earnings per share |
1.21 | 0.02 | 0.55 | 0.24 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7. RECEIVABLES
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Product sale trade receivables |
169.7 | 168.8 | 130.9 | |||||||||
Other trade receivables |
23.7 | 32.4 | 21.1 | |||||||||
Deposits |
0.1 | 0.2 | 5.4 | |||||||||
Value added tax |
65.3 | 92.9 | 106.4 | |||||||||
Interest receivable |
0.4 | 0.7 | | |||||||||
Payroll debtors |
12.6 | 13.3 | 8.4 | |||||||||
Prepayments (1) |
198.0 | 78.7 | 17.1 | |||||||||
Other |
13.6 | 24.4 | 16.1 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
483.4 | 411.4 | 305.4 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Includes $120 million for the FSE Project and $7.0 million for the Bezants Mankayan Project (December 31, 2010: $54 million for the FSE project and nil for Bezant; fiscal year ended June 30, 2010: $nil). |
8. INVENTORIES
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Ore stockpiles |
63.7 | 57.8 | 61.1 | |||||||||
Gold in-process |
26.9 | 31.5 | 33.7 | |||||||||
Consumable stores |
205.5 | 156.4 | 134.3 | |||||||||
Other |
1.6 | 10.6 | 5.8 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
297.7 | 256.3 | 234.9 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-30
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
9. | PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT |
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Cost |
12,083.9 | 12,771.6 | 11,038.9 | |||||||||
Accumulated depreciation and amortization |
(5,067.1 | ) | (5,289.6 | ) | (4,399.2 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
7,016.8 | 7,482.0 | 6,639.7 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Mining properties, mine development costs, mine plant facilities and mineral interests |
6,021.3 | 6,940.4 | 6,396.1 | |||||||||
Asset retirement costs |
112.3 | 108.2 | 94.1 | |||||||||
Other non-mining assets |
883.2 | 433.4 | 149.5 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
7,016.8 | 7,482.0 | 6,639.7 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Included in property, plant and equipment is cumulative capitalized interest, net of amortization, relating to the following assets: |
||||||||||||
South African operations |
32.5 | 23.3 | 18.6 | |||||||||
Tarkwa Mine |
14.4 | 15.9 | 16.6 | |||||||||
Cerro Corona |
75.4 | 81.3 | 84.5 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
122.3 | 120.5 | 119.7 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment amounted to $745.3 million (six months ended December 31, 2010: $389.4 million; fiscal year ended June 30, 2010: $631.1 million).
Fleet assets amounting to $80.7 million have been pledged as security for the $60 million senior secured revolving credit facility.
On August 27, 2009, Gold Fields reached agreement with Morgan Stanley Bank to terminate, for A$308 million ($257.1 million), the royalty agreement between St. Ives Gold Mining Company Pty Limited, or St. Ives, and Morgan Stanley Banks subsidiaries. The terminated royalty agreement required St. Ives to pay a 4% net smelter volume royalty on all of its revenues once total gold produced from November 30, 2001 exceeded 3.3 million ounces which was triggered early in fiscal year ended June 30, 2009, and provided that if the gold price exceeded A$600 per ounce, to pay an additional 10% of the revenue difference between the spot gold price, in Australian dollars per ounce, and the price of A$600 per ounce.
In fiscal year ended June 30, 2010, Gold Fields acquired, for cash, 100% of Glencar Mining Plc., or Glencar Mining, a company whose principal asset, and only defined resource, is the Komana project in Southern Mali, West Africa. The cash consideration paid was $43.0 million.
10. | GOODWILL |
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Balance at beginning of the year |
1,295.2 | 1,154.9 | 1,084.7 | |||||||||
Translation adjustment |
(219.8 | ) | 140.3 | 70.2 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance at end of the year |
1,075.4 | 1,295.2 | 1,154.9 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-31
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The goodwill arose on the acquisition of South Deep and was attributable to the upside potential of the asset, deferred tax and other factors. The total goodwill has been allocated to South Deep, being the reporting unit where it is tested for impairment as part of the reporting unit.
Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis at the end of each fiscal year or transition period. In addition, the Group reviews and tests the carrying value of assets when events or changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying amount of a reporting unit may not be recoverable. For goodwill impairment testing purposes, Gold Fields estimated the fair value of the South Deep reporting unit. The process for determining fair value is subjective as gold mining companies typically trade at a market capitalization that is based on a multiple of net asset value and requires management to make numerous assumptions. The net asset value represents a discounted cash flow valuation based on expected future cash flows. The expected future cash flows used to determine the fair value of the reporting unit are inherently uncertain and could materially change over time. They are significantly affected by a number of factors, including, but not limited to, reserves and production estimates, together with economic factors such as the spot gold price and foreign currency exchange rates, estimates of production costs, future capital expenditure and discount rates. Therefore it is possible that outcomes within the next fiscal year that are materially different from the assumptions used in the impairment testing process could require an adjustment to the carrying values.
Based on managements assessment, no impairment to the goodwill was required at December 31, 2011. Managements estimates and assumptions for the goodwill impairment test include:
| Long-term gold price as follows:fiscal 2012: R400,000 per kilogram ($1,700 per ounce at an exchange rate of R7.32 to $1.00).fiscal 2013: R385,000 per kilogram ($1,600 per ounce at an exchange rate of R7.48 to $1.00).after fiscal 2013: R375,000 per kilogram ($1,500 per ounce at an exchange rate of R7.78 to $1.00). |
| The South Deep life of mine is estimated at 69 years. |
| A range of discount rates of 5.1%6.2% based on a calculated weighted average cost of capital to Gold Fields; |
| Expected future operating costs and capital expenditures to produce proven and probable gold reserves based on mine plans that assume current plant capacity, but exclude the impact of inflation; and |
| Expected cash flows associated with value beyond proven and probable reserves. |
11. NON-CURRENT | INVESTMENTS |
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Listed investments (a) |
77.3 | 124.4 | 76.8 | |||||||||
Unlisted investments |
2.6 | 1.7 | 1.3 | |||||||||
Investments held by environmental trust funds (b) |
161.5 | 168.6 | 133.8 | |||||||||
Equity investees (c) |
28.2 | 30.2 | 29.6 | |||||||||
Other investments |
2.6 | 19.4 | 12.8 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
272.2 | 344.3 | 254.3 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-32
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(a) | Listed investments mainly consist of: |
December 31, 2011 | December 31, 2010 | June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of shares |
Market value, $ per share |
Number of shares |
Market value, $ per share |
Number of shares |
Market value, $ per share |
|||||||||||||||||||
Evolution Mining Limited |
15,535,016 | 1.62 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
GoldQuest Mining Corporation |
13,962,500 | 0.08 | 13,962,500 | 0.39 | 13,962,500 | 0.11 | ||||||||||||||||||
Northam Platinum |
7,820,169 | 3.75 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Atacama Pacific Gold Corporation |
4,945,598 | 3.79 | 4,945,598 | 3.22 | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Gran Columbia Gold Corporation |
1,585,274 | 0.40 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Medoro Resources Limited |
| | 1,321,062 | 2.30 | 3,963,186 | 0.69 | ||||||||||||||||||
Mvelaphanda Resources Limited (1) |
| | 8,397,858 | 7.29 | 8,397,858 | 6.16 | ||||||||||||||||||
Gold One International Limited |
| | 12,500,000 | 0.33 | 12,500,000 | 0.26 | ||||||||||||||||||
Conquest Mining Limited |
| | 51,783,388 | 0.58 | 51,783,388 | 0.30 |
(1) | Three million of the Mvelaphanda Resources Limited, or Mvelapanda, shares were subject to a scrip lending agreement at December 31, 2010 - see note 13 (e). |
Details of the listed investments are as follows:
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Fair value |
77.3 | 124.4 | 76.8 | |||||||||
Cost |
68.4 | 82.5 | 68.3 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net unrealized gain |
8.9 | 41.9 | 8.5 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
The net gain comprises: |
||||||||||||
Gross unrealized gains |
15.2 | 42.3 | 10.9 | |||||||||
Gross unrealized losses |
(6.3 | ) | (0.4 | ) | (2.4 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
8.9 | 41.9 | 8.5 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
The gross unrealized loss comprises the following number of equity instruments none of which have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for more than 12 months. : |
8 | 3 | 4 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Realized gain/(loss) reclassified from equity on disposal of listed investments ($ million) |
6.6 | (0.4 | ) | 99.2 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(b) | The environmental trust funds are irrevocable trusts under the Groups control. The monies in the trusts are invested primarily in interest bearing short-term (money market), government and other corporate bond |
F-33
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
investments and the costs of these investments approximate their fair value. The investments provide for the estimated cost of rehabilitation during and at the end of the life of the Groups South African mines. While the asset is under the Groups control, it is not available for the general purposes of the Group. All income from this asset is reinvested or spent to meet these obligations. These obligations are described in note 14, Provision for Environmental Rehabilitation. |
(c) | Equity investees comprise the following: |
Ownership % | Market value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment |
Description of |
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
|||||||||||||||||||
Rusoro Mining Limited |
Gold mining | 26.4 | 26.4 | 26.4 | 13.2 | 51.3 | 31.1 | |||||||||||||||||||
Rand Refinery Limited |
Refining of gold bullion and by-products | 34.9 | 34.9 | 34.9 | * | * | * | |||||||||||||||||||
Timpetra Resources Limited |
Resource exploration | 21.8 | N/A | N/A | 1.2 | N/A | N/A |
* | Not readily determinable |
The carrying value of the equity investment in Rusoro Mining Limited, or Rusoro:
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Opening balance |
20.0 | 18.2 | 48.4 | |||||||||
Share of results, net of tax |
| 1.8 | (31.1 | ) | ||||||||
Impairment |
(6.8 | ) | | | ||||||||
Other comprehensive income |
| | 0.8 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Closing balance |
13.2 | 20.0 | 18.2 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rusoro, a company listed on the TSX Venture Exchange, is a junior gold producer with a large land position in the Bolivar State gold region of southern Venezuela. Gold Fields interest in Rusoro remeined unchanged at 26.4% at December 31, 2011 and 2010 and June 30, 2010.
F-34
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The summarized financial information of Rusoro, is shown below:
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Balance sheet: |
||||||||||||
Current assets |
72.2 | 69.3 | 64.3 | |||||||||
Non-current assets |
917.8 | 957.3 | 956.7 | |||||||||
Current liabilities |
133.2 | 101.8 | 95.1 | |||||||||
Non-current liabilities |
208.7 | 346.9 | 355.5 | |||||||||
Shareholders equity excluding non controlling interest |
646.0 | 576.7 | 570.4 | |||||||||
Results for the period(1) |
||||||||||||
Revenues |
118.6 | 42.7 | 98.5 | |||||||||
Gross (loss)/income |
(2.2 | ) | 3.2 | 9.4 | ||||||||
Net income/(loss) |
0.3 | 7.4 | (117.6 | ) |
(1) | The results of Rusoro for the Gold Fields fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 are for the nine months to September 2011 (six months ended December 31, 2010: three months ended September 30, 2010; fiscal year ended June 30, 2010). |
The Group acquired its interest in Rusoro on November 30, 2007.
The carrying value of the equity investment in Rand Refinery Limited, or Rand Refinery:
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Opening balance |
10.2 | 11.4 | 2.8 | |||||||||
Share of profits recognized |
5.0 | 3.1 | 8.4 | |||||||||
Dividend receivable |
| (5.4 | ) | | ||||||||
Translation |
(2.3 | ) | 1.1 | 0.2 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Closing balance |
12.9 | 10.2 | 11.4 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2010, the Company did not receive dividends from Rand Refinery. In the six months ended December 31, 2010, $5.4 million was received in dividends.
Rand Refinery acts as a sale agent on behalf of the Companys African operations. The market value of the Companys investment in Rand Refinery is not readily determinable. At December 31, 2011 an amount of $63.9 million was owing from Rand Refinery (December 31, 2010: $41.9 million; June 30, 2010: $64.1 million) and was included in Receivables.
F-35
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
12. | ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND PROVISIONS |
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Trade payables |
196.3 | 206.1 | 158.3 | |||||||||
Accruals |
301.1 | 275.4 | 219.9 | |||||||||
Payroll and other compensation |
67.5 | 64.9 | 72.8 | |||||||||
Leave pay accrual |
68.3 | 71.8 | 61.8 | |||||||||
Dividends payable |
3.0 | 8.4 | | |||||||||
Short-term portion of the South Deep Dividend liability |
3.4 | 2.7 | | |||||||||
Foreign levies payable |
| 10.8 | | |||||||||
Short term portion of deferred income and mining tax |
8.4 | 13.5 | 7.7 | |||||||||
Other |
21.9 | 17.0 | 31.4 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
669.9 | 670.6 | 551.9 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
13. | SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM LOANS |
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Collateralized |
||||||||||||
Split-tenor revolving credit facility (a) |
500.0 | | 430.0 | |||||||||
Syndicated revolving loan facility (b) |
| | | |||||||||
Project finance facility (c) |
| | 100.0 | |||||||||
Preference shares (d) |
| 91.4 | 96.3 | |||||||||
Scrip loan (e) |
| 21.4 | 19.0 | |||||||||
Non-revolving Senior Secured Term Loan (f) |
150.0 | 190.0 | | |||||||||
$1 Billion Notes Issue (g) |
987.7 | 986.6 | | |||||||||
$1 Billion syndicated revolving credit facility (h) |
220.0 | | | |||||||||
$60 million senior secured revolving credit facility (i) |
50.0 | | | |||||||||
Uncollateralized |
||||||||||||
Domestic Medium Term Notes Program (j) |
| 108.9 | 475.8 | |||||||||
Short-term syndicated facility (k) |
| | | |||||||||
Other loans (l) |
| | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
1,907.7 | 1,398.3 | 1,121.1 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Short-term loans and current portion of long-term loans |
(547.0 | ) | (261.7 | ) | (691.1 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total long-term loans |
1,360.7 | 1,136.6 | 430.0 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) Split-tenor revolving credit facility
On May 16, 2007, GFIMSA, Orogen and GFO entered into a $750 million split-tenor revolving credit facility consisting of a $250 million 364-day revolving tranche with a twelve-month term out option, or Facility A, and a $500 million five-year revolving tranche, or Facility B.
On April 28, 2008, Gold Fields exercised the term out option under Facility A converting the full $250 million advance at that point into a term loan with a final maturity date of May 16, 2009. In terms of the
F-36
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
facility agreement, Gold Fields had the option to repay the loan under Facility A early in whole or in part by giving five days prior notice. Facility B was due to mature on May 16, 2012. The purpose of the facilities was to refinance existing facilities and for general corporate purposes.
On June 30, 2008, Orogen had borrowed $73 million and $121 million under Facility A and Facility B respectively. GFO had $177 million and $141 million outstanding under Facility A and Facility B respectively on the same date.
On various dates during fiscal 2009, Orogen drew down a further $120 million under Facility B. On May 15, 2009, GFO drew down $118 million under Facility B to partly refinance its maturing loan under Facility A. The balance of the GFO loan outstanding under Facility A of $59 million was refinanced with the $311 million syndicated revolving loan facility, which is detailed below in (b). Also on May 15, 2009, Orogen repaid $16 million of its portion of the maturing Facility A and refinanced the remaining $57 million with the $311 million syndicated revolving loan facility.
Facility A was repaid in full on May 15, 2009. On September 17, 2009, Gold Fields utilized $259 million of the proceeds from the sale of the shares in Eldorado Gold Corporation, or Eldorado, to fully settle GFO borrowings under facility B. Subsequently, on various dates, Orogen drew down $221 million to refinance more expensive debt under the $311 million syndicated revolving loan facility. Orogen also repaid $32 million during year. On August 26, 2010, Orogen drew down a further $70 million and on October 8, 2010, repaid the full $500 million drawn under Facility B using proceeds of the $1 billion Notes issue. On March 22, 2011, Orogen drew down $420 million to fund the acquisition of the noncontrolling interests in La Cima. On May 26, 2011, Orogen repaid $40 million. On June 22, 2011, Orogen drew down $120 million under this facility to partially fund the acquisition of IAMGolds 18.9% noncontrolling interests in the Ghanaian operations. The outstanding borrowings of Orogen, all under Facility B, at December 31, 2011 and 2010 were $500 million and $nil million respectively (June 30, 2010: $430 million). The loan under Facility B bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 0.30% per annum. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility were guaranteed by Gold Fields, GFIMSA, Gold Fiels Holding Company (BVI) Limited, or GF Holdings, Orogen, GFO and Newshelf 899 (Proprietary) Limited, or Newshelf.
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Opening balance |
| 430.0 | 498.5 | |||||||||
Loans advanced, net of transaction costs |
540.0 | 70.0 | 221.0 | |||||||||
Loan repayments |
(40.0 | ) | (500.0 | ) | (289.5 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Closing balance |
500.0 | | 430.0 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(b) Syndicated revolving loan facility
On May 7, 2009, GFIMSA, Orogen and GF Operations entered into a 364-day $311 million syndicated revolving loan facility with an option to extend the term on the same terms for an additional 364 days from the date of the original final maturity, or the Extension Option. At any time prior to the date of final maturity, Gold Fields had the option to convert all advances outstanding under this facility into a term loan with a final maturity date being no more than 24 months after the signing date of the facility, or the Term Out Option. The Extension Option was not exercisable if the Term Out Option had been exercised. The purpose of the facilities was to refinance existing facilities and for general corporate purposes.
F-37
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
On May 15, 2009, GF Operations and Orogen drew down $59 million and $57 million respectively under this facility to refinance their respective portion of the loans maturing under Facility A of the Split-tenor revolving credit facility. On June 15, 2009, GFO repaid $44 million of its loan.
On various dates during July 2009, Orogen drew down a total of $50 million for the funding of the Glencar Mining acquisition. During August 2009, Orogen drew down $150 million to partly fund the termination of the Morgan Stanley Royalty Agreement at St. Ives.
On September 17, 2009, Gold Fields utilized $15 million, of the proceeds from the sale of the shares in Eldorado to fully settle GFO borrowings under this facility. On September 22, 2009, Orogen repaid $36 million of its loan.
Subsequently, Orogen refinanced the outstanding balance under the facility of $221 million with the Split-tenor revolving credit facility.
The facility bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 2.75% per annum. The borrowers were required to pay a quarterly commitment fee of 1.10% per annum, payable on the undrawn portion of the facility. Neither the Extension Option or the Term Out Option had been exercised and the facility expired on May 7, 2010.
Borrowings under the syndicated revolving loan facility were guaranteed by Gold Fields, GFIMSA, GF Holdings, Orogen and GFO.
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Opening balance |
| | 72.0 | |||||||||
Loans advanced |
| | 200.0 | |||||||||
Loan repayments |
| | (272.0 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Closing balance |
| | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(c) Project Finance Facility
On November 14, 2006, La Cima entered into a $150 million project finance facility with a number of lenders. The purpose of the facility was to finance the project costs related to the development of the Cerro Corona copper-gold porphyry deposit located in the Hualgayoc province in the Cajamarca region in northern Peru.
The loan bore interest at a margin over LIBOR of:
| 0.45% during the pre-completion phase (i.e. prior to the financial completion date), and |
| between 1.25% and 1.75% thereafter. |
Scheduled principal payments were in 16 semi-annual instalments of various amounts ranging from 4.75% to 6.75% of the principal amount. The final instalment was due on the tenth anniversary of the signing date. Principal and voluntary repayments during fiscal 2011 was $nil (six months ended December 31, 2010: $100 million; fiscal 2010: $50 million). The outstanding loan balances at December 31, 2011 and 2010 were $nil (June 30, 2010: $100 million).
F-38
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
During the pre-completion phase the loan was guaranteed by Gold Fields and Gold Fields Corona (BVI) Limited (a wholly owned subsidiary of Gold Fields). The facility is secured by, among other things, pledges of and mortgages over the assets and properties of La Cima.
In accordance with the facility agreement, the financial completion date (i.e. the date on which the guarantees fall away and the facility goes non-recourse) had to occur before November 14, 2010. La Cima however intended to refinance this facility before this date. However, La Cima repaid the full amount outstanding under this facility on September 16, 2010, from which date the security granted by La Cima in connection with this facility, was released. The facility was cancelled on the same date. The repayment was made from cash generated by operations.
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Opening balance |
| 100.0 | 150.0 | |||||||||
Loan repayments |
| (100.0 | ) | (50.0 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Closing balance |
| | 100.0 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(d) Preference shares
On December 24, 2007 Gold Fields issued R1.2 billion of non-convertible redeemable preference shares, or the Preference Shares, to Rand Merchant Bank, or RMB, a division of First Rand Bank Limited. The dividend rate payable is a floating rate that increases from 22% to up to 61% of the prime lending rate quoted by First Rand Bank Limited, or the Prime Rate, over the life of the Preference Shares. In certain circumstances, the dividend rate increases to 61% of the Prime Rate in the event the Preference Shares are redeemed before their scheduled maturity date and the dividend rate is also subject to adjustment in the case of a change in law or regulation. Dividends accrue quarterly and are rolled up until the redemption date. The purpose of the Preference Shares was to refinance existing credit facilities.
On October 10, 2008, $61.0 million of the outstanding Preference Shares were repaid. In addition, a preference dividend of $2.5 million was also paid on the same date. On December 15, 2010, Gold Fields declared and paid $19.3 million of the preference dividend. On the same date, the redemption date of January 24, 2011 was extended to September 15, 2011. The Preference Shares were redeemable earlier on a date as agreed between the holder and Gold Fields. On March 31, 2011, Gold Fields redeemed the entire outstanding balance paying $90.0 million, which included a dividend of $1.5 million.
The Preference Shares were guaranteed by GFIMSA, Orogen, Newshelf and GFO.
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Opening balance |
91.4 | 96.3 | 84.9 | |||||||||
Preference share dividend |
1.3 | 3.0 | 5.9 | |||||||||
Redemptions |
(90.0 | ) | (19.3 | ) | | |||||||
Other |
(2.3 | ) | | | ||||||||
Translation |
(0.4 | ) | 11.4 | 5.5 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Closing balance |
| 91.4 | 96.3 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-39
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(e) Scrip loan
On March 26, 2010, GFL Mining Services, or GFLMS, entered into a Scrip Lending agreement with a South African Bank in terms of which GFLMS agreed to lend 3 million of its securities in Mvelaphanda for an initial cash collateral of $19.5 million (R144 million). The market value of the collateral delivered by the bank to GFLMS on each settlement date shall represent not less than the market value of the loaned securities on that date together with a margin of 5% per annum.
The agreement provides for the substantial risks and rewards on ownership inherent in the securities to be retained by GFLMS (i.e. equity price risk) and as a consequence, GFLMS has transferred the legal right to receive cash flows (dividends) on the securities loaned to the bank. The agreement was set to terminate on March 26, 2011. In the event of unbundling of the assets of Mvelaphanda before the termination date, the agreement would terminate within thirty days of unbundling and GFLMS would be entitled to receive the unbunbled assets.
Subsequent to December 31, 2010, Mvelaphanda unbundled certain of its assets and in accordance with the terms of the agreement the loaned unbundled securities were returned and the collateral was repaid on February 28, 2011. A new scrip lending agreement was entered into between the parties with the same terms and conditions as the original agreement whereby GFLMS agreed to lend another three million of its securities in Mvelaphanda for a cash collateral of R127 million ($18.2 million). The loaned securities were returned and the collateral was repaid on April 5, 2011 and the new agreement was cancelled on the same date.
Interest on the cash collateral held was calculated based on one month JIBAR rate and accrued daily and compounded monthly in arrears. The first interest settlement was on June 24, 2010. In terms of the agreement, the next interest payment date was on final settlement of the loan.
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Opening balance |
21.4 | 19.0 | | |||||||||
Interest |
0.3 | | | |||||||||
Loans advanced |
18.2 | | 19.5 | |||||||||
Loans repaid |
(39.6 | ) | | | ||||||||
Translation |
(0.3 | ) | 2.4 | (0.5 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Closing balance |
| 21.4 | 19.0 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
At December 31, 2011, the value of the loaned securities was $nil (December 31, 2010: $21.9 million; June 30, 2010: $19.0 million). The outstanding liability against these securities was $nil, $21.4 million and $19.0 million on December 31, 2011, December 2010 and June 30, 2010, respectively.
(f) Non-revolving Senior Secured Term Loan
On September 17, 2010, La Cima entered into a non-revolving senior secured term loan for up to $200 million with The Bank of Nova Scotia and Banco de Credito del Peru. The purpose of this facility was to repay the Gold Fields outstanding subordinated loans with its affiliates and to finance its working capital requirements.
On September 22, 2010, the lenders advanced $200 million to La Cima under this facility. The facility amount is repayble in 20 equal quarterly instalments of $10 million each. During fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, $40 million was repaid (six months ended December 31, 2010: $10 million; fiscal year ended June 30, 2010: $nil).
F-40
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The final maturity of this facility is five years from the disbursement date.
Borrowings under the non-revolving senior secured term loan are secured by first-ranking assignments of all rights, title and interest in all of La Cimas concentrate sale agreements. In addition, the offshore and onshore collection accounts of La Cima will be subject to an account control agreement and a first ranking charge in favor of the lenders. This facility will be non-recourse to the rest of the Group.
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Opening balance |
190.0 | | | |||||||||
Loans advanced |
| 200.0 | | |||||||||
Loans repaid |
(40.0 | ) | (10.0 | ) | | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Closing balance |
150.0 | 190.0 | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(g) $1 Billion Notes Issue
On September 30, 2010, Orogen issued $1,000,000,000 4.875% guaranteed notes due October 7, 2020, or the Notes. The payment of all Notes is unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed by Gold Fields Limited, GFIMSA, GFO and GF Holdings, or together, the Guarantors, on joint and several basis. The Notes and guarantees constitute direct, unsubordinated and unsecured obligations of Orogen and the Guarantors, respectively, and rank equally in right of payment amoung themselves and with all other existing and future unsubordinated and unsecured obligations of Orogen and the Guarantors, respectively.
The transaction costs of U.S.$13.6 million were deducted from the liability on initial measurement. These costs will unwind over the period of the Notes as an interest expense.
Gold Fields used a portion of the net proceeds of the offering of the Notes to repay certain existing indebtedness of the Group and the balance of the net proceeds for general corporate purposes.
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Opening balance |
986.6 | | | |||||||||
Notes Issued, net of transaction costs |
| 986.4 | | |||||||||
Unwinding of transaction costs |
1.1 | 0.2 | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Closing balance |
987.7 | 986.6 | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(h) $1 billion syndicated revolving credit facility
On June 20, 2011, GFIMSA, Orogen and GFO entered into a $1 billion syndicated revolving loan facility with an option to increase the Facility to $1.1 billion within six months from signing date, which option was not exercised. The purpose of the facility is to refinance an existing facility, for general corporate purposes and working capital. The final maturity date of this facility is June 20, 2016.
The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 1.20% per annum. Where the utilization under the facility is greater than 33 1/3% and less than or equal to 66 2/3%, a utilization fee of 0.20% per annum will be payable on the amount of utilizations. Where the utilization under the facility is greater than 66 2/3%, a utilization fee of 0.40% per annum will be payable on the amount of utilizations. Such utilization fee is payable quarterly in arrears. The borrowers are required to pay a quarterly commitment fee of 0.42% per annum.
F-41
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
On June 22, 2011, Orogen drew down $450.0 million under this facility to partially fund the acquisition of IAMGolds 18.9% stake in the Ghanaian operations. On August 22, 2011 and September 22, 2011, Orogen repaid $75.0 million and $105.0 million respectively under this facility. On November 16, 2011, Orogen drew down $33.0 million which was repaid on December 19, 2011. In addition, Orogen repaid $50.0 million on December 23, 2011 under this facility.
The outstanding borrowings under this facility at December 31, 2011 were $220.0 million (six months ended December 2010: $nil; fiscal year ended June 30, 2010, $nil).
Borrowings under the syndicated revolving loan facility are guaranteed by Gold Fields, GFIMSA, GF Holdings, Orogen, Newshelf and GFO.
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Opening balance |
| | | |||||||||
Loans advanced |
483.0 | | | |||||||||
Repayments |
(263.0 | ) | | | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Closing balance |
220.0 | | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(i) $60 million senior secured revolving credit facility
On December 22, 2010, GF Ghana and Abosso entered into a $60 million reducing senior secured revolving credit facility, which became available on February 21, 2011. The available facility amount reduces annually on each anniversary date from $60 million to $43 million to $35 million in the last and final year with the final maturity date being February 21, 2014. The purpose of this facility is for general corporate purposes, working capital purposes and/or capital expenditure purposes, including the purchase of a yellow vehicle fleet.
The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 2.85% per annum. The borrowers are required to pay a quarterly commitment fee of 1.30% per annum.
Borrowings under the facility are guaranteed by GF Ghana and Abosso and furthered secured by the registration of security over certain fleet vehicles owned by GF Ghana and Abosso, or the Secured Assets. In addition, the lenders are noted as first loss payees under the insurance contracts in respect of the Secured Assets and are assigned the rights under the maintenance contracts between certain suppliers of the Secured Assets. This facility is non-recourse to the rest of the Group.
On February 25, 2011, Abosso drew down $20.0 million under this facility and subsequently repaid the full loan on various dates of which the last payment was on July 26, 2011. On November 28, 2011, GF Ghana drew down $50.0 million. The outstanding borrowings for GF Ghana on December 31, 2011 were $50.0 million (December 31, 2010: $nil; June 30, 2010: $nil).
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Opening balance |
| | | |||||||||
Loans advanced |
70.0 | | | |||||||||
Repayments |
(20.0 | ) | | | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance at close |
50.0 | | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-42
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(j) Domestic Medium Term Notes Progam
On April 6, 2009, Gold Fields established a R10 billion domestic medium term notes program, or the Program, in terms of which Gold Fields may, from time to time, issue notes denominated in any currency. The notes will not be subject to any minimum and maximum maturity and the maximum aggregate nominal outstanding amount of all notes will not exceed R10 billion. The Program has been registered with the bond market of the JSE Limited, or the JSE, and the notes issued can be listed on the JSE or not.
Under the Program, Gold Fields issued listed notes totaling $nil (six months ended December 31, 2010: $248.0 million; fiscal year ended June 30, 2010: $1,044.9 million) and settled listed maturing notes totaling $nil (six months ended December 31, 2010: $659.6 million; fiscal year ended June 30, 2010: $721.9 million). The different notes issued matured 3, 6 or 12 months from date of issue and bear interest at JIBAR plus a margin ranging from 0.56% to 1.00% per annum except for notes with a carrying value of $44.4 million which were at a Rand fixed rate of 8.48%.
The outstanding notes matured as follows:
| $31.1 million (R217.0 million) on January 25, 2011; |
| $31.2 million (R218.0 million) on February 10, 2011; and |
| $43.0 million (R300.0 million) on March 2, 2011 |
The outstanding issued notes under the Program at December 31, 2011 were $nil (December 31, 2010: $108.9 million; June 30, 2010: $475.8 million).
The Notes under the Program were guaranteed by GFIMSA, GF Holdings, Orogen and GFO.
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Opening balance |
108.9 | 475.8 | 141.8 | |||||||||
Notes issued |
| 248.0 | 1,044.9 | |||||||||
Settlements |
(105.3 | ) | (659.6 | ) | (721.9 | ) | ||||||
Translation |
(3.6 | ) | 44.7 | 11.0 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance at close |
| 108.9 | 475.8 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(k) Short-term syndicated facility
In December 2008, GF Ghana entered into a twelve month $20 million syndicated facility. The facility was used for working capital requirements associated with the expansion of the carbon-in-leach, or CIL, plant at the Tarkwa mine and related capital expenditure. The loan bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 3.0% per annum.
On various dates during January and February 2009, GF Ghana drew down $20 million under the loan. The principal payments under the loan are scheduled monthly, beginning on June 30, 2009 as follows: $2 million for the first four months and $4 million for the last three months beginning June 30, 2009. The final instalment was due on December 31, 2009.
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Opening balance |
| | 20.0 | |||||||||
Loan advanced |
| | | |||||||||
Repayments |
| | (20.0 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Closing balance |
| | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-43
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(l) Other loans
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Opening balance |
| | 136.5 | |||||||||
Loans advanced |
56.7 | 39.4 | 134.5 | |||||||||
Loans repaid |
(56.7 | ) | (41.9 | ) | (284.1 | ) | ||||||
Translation |
| 2.5 | 13.1 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Closing balance |
| | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Short-term credit facilities: The Group utilized uncommitted loan facilities from some of the major banks to fund the capital expenditure and working capital requirements of the South African operations. The total draw downs were $56.7 million (six months ended December 31, 2010: $39.4 million; fiscal year ended June 30, 2010: $134.5 million). Total repayments were $56.7 million (six months ended December 31, 2010: $41.9 million; fiscal year ended June 30, 2010: $284.1 million).
$450 million syndicated revolving credit facility: On May 12, 2010, GFIMSA, Orogen and GFO entered into a $450 million syndicated revolving loan facility with an option to increase the facility to $550 million within six months from signing date. The option to increase the facility to $550 million was not exercised. The purpose of the facilities was to refinance existing facilities, for general corporate purposes and working capital.
The facility bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 1.75% per annum. Where the utilization under the facility was equal to or greater than 50%, a utilization fee of 0.25% per annum would be payable on the amount of utilizations. Such utilization fee was payable quarterly in arrears. The borrowers were required to pay a quarterly commitment fee of 0.70% per annum.
Borrowings under these facilities were guaranteed by Gold Fields, GF Holdings, GFO, Orogen, Newshelf and GFIMSA.
This facility was unutilized at December 31, 2010. The final maturity of this facility was September 30, 2013. The facility was cancelled and replaced on June 22, 2011 with the new U.S.$1 billion syndicated revolving credit facility.
R3.5 billion long-term revolving credit facilities: GFIMSA and GFO, or the Borrowers, entered into three separate revolving credit facilities totalling R3.5 billion with tenors between three and five years. The facilities will be utilized for capital expenditure, general corporate and working capital requirements and the refinancing of existing debt. These facilities were unutilized at December 31, 2011, December 31, 2010 and June 30, 2010.
These facilities bear interest at JIBAR plus a margin of between 1.95% and 3.00% per annum. The Borrowers are required to pay a commitment fee of between 0.75% and 0.90% per annum on the undrawn and un-cancelled amounts of the facility, calculated and payable either quarterly or semi-annually in arrears. In summary the facilities are:
| a R1.0 billion ($123.0 million) revolving credit facility entered into on December 9, 2009 and maturing December 17, 2012; |
| a R500 million ($61.5 million ) revolving credit facility entered into on March 8, 2010 and maturing March 10, 2013; and |
| a R1.5 billion ($184.5 million) revolving credit facility entered into on May 6, 2009 and maturing June 10, 2014. This facility was cancelled and replaced with a new R2.0 billion ($246 million) revolving credit facility on December 19, 2011; and |
F-44
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
| a R2.0 billion ($246 million) revolving credit facility entered into on December 19, 2011 and maturing on December 17, 2016. |
Borrowings under these facilities are guaranteed by Gold Fields, GF Holdings, GFO, Orogen, Newshelf and GFIMSA.
Debt maturity ladder
The combined aggregate maturities of short and long-term loans for each of the next five years at December 31, 2011 is tabulated below:
Maturity |
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
|||||||||
1 |
547.0 | 261.7 | 691.1 | |||||||||
2 |
48.0 | 40.0 | 430.0 | |||||||||
3 |
75.0 | 40.0 | | |||||||||
4 |
30.0 | 40.0 | | |||||||||
Thereafter |
1,207.7 | 1,016.6 | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
1,907.7 | 1,398.3 | 1,121.1 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
At December 31, 2011, the Group was in compliance with its debt covenants.
14. | PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL REHABILITATION |
The Group has made, and expects to make in the future, expenditures to comply with environmental laws and regulations, but cannot predict the full amount of such future expenditures. Estimated future reclamation costs are based principally on legal and regulatory requirements. The following is a reconciliation of the total liability for environmental rehabilitation:
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Asset retirement obligations |
||||||||||||
Opening balance |
324.4 | 275.7 | 236.9 | |||||||||
Addition to liabilities |
18.7 | 12.3 | 11.9 | |||||||||
Liabilities settled |
(1.7 | ) | (2.1 | ) | (4.3 | ) | ||||||
Accretion of liability |
24.9 | 10.9 | 19.3 | |||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
(29.4 | ) | 27.6 | 11.9 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance at close |
336.9 | 324.4 | 275.7 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Group intends to finance the ultimate rehabilitation costs of the South African operations from the monies invested with the environmental trust fund, ongoing contributions, as well as the proceeds of the sale of assets and gold from plant clean-up at the time of mine closure.
15. | PROVISION FOR POST-RETIREMENT HEALTH CARE COSTS |
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Gold Fields Group (excluding South Deep) accrued post-retirement health care costs (a) |
2.1 | 2.6 | 2.6 | |||||||||
South Deep accrued post-retirement health care costs (b) |
| 0.1 | 0.2 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Gold Fields Group accrued post-retirement health care costs |
2.1 | 2.7 | 2.8 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-45
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The Group is exposed to obligations for post-retirement health care costs under the Group health care scheme. In the case of the South Deep health care scheme, the exposure was up to December 31, 2011.
(a) Group (excluding South Deep) accrued post-retirement health care costs
The Group has certain liabilities to subsidize the contributions payable by certain pensioners and dependants of ex-employees on a pay-as-you-go basis. The Groups contributions to these schemes on behalf of current and retired employees amounted to $0.2 million in fiscal 2011 (six months ended December 31, 2010: $0.5 million; fiscal year ended June 30, 2010: $0.2 million). The obligation has been actuarially valued at December 31, 2011 and the outstanding contributions will be funded over the lifetime of these pensioners and dependants.
The following table sets forth the funded status and amounts recognized by the Group (excluding South Deep) for post-retirement health care costs:
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Actuarial present value |
2.1 | 2.6 | 2.6 | |||||||||
Plan assets at fair value |
| | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets |
2.1 | 2.6 | 2.6 | |||||||||
Prior service costs |
| | | |||||||||
Unrecognized net (gain)/loss |
| | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Post-retirement health care liability |
2.1 | 2.6 | 2.6 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
The following is a reconciliation of the benefit obligation: |
||||||||||||
Balance at beginning of year |
2.6 | 2.6 | 11.0 | |||||||||
Service costs |
0.1 | (0.1 | ) | 0.9 | ||||||||
Contributions paid |
(0.2 | ) | (0.5 | ) | (0.2 | ) | ||||||
Release of cross subsidization liability |
| | (9.7 | ) | ||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
(0.4 | ) | 0.6 | 0.6 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance at end of year |
2.1 | 2.6 | 2.6 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The obligation has been valued using the projected unit credit funding method on past service liabilities. The valuation assumes a health care cost inflation rate of 8.0% per annum (December 31, 2010: 8.0%; June 30, 2010: 8.0%) and a discount rate of 8.75% per annum (December 31, 2010: 8.75%; June 30, 2010: 9.0%).
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
The net periodic benefit cost is explained as follows: |
||||||||||||
Service costs |
0.1 | (0.1 | ) | 0.9 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net periodic benefit cost |
0.1 | (0.1 | ) | 0.9 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the health care plans. A one percentage point increase in assumed health care cost trend rates would have increased the aggregate of service and interest cost for fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 by $0.03 million (six months ended December 31, 2010: $0.01 million; fiscal year ended June 30, 2010: $0.1 million). The effect of this change on the accumulated post-retirement health care benefit obligation at December 31, 2011 would be an increase of $0.2 million (December 31, 2010: $0.3 million; June 30, 2010: $0.2 million). A one percentage point
F-46
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
decrease in assumed health care cost trend rates would have decreased the aggregate of service and interest cost for the fiscal ended December 31, 2011 by $0.01 million (six months ended December 31, 2010: $0.01 million; fiscal year ended June 30, 2010: $0.01 million). The effect of this change on the accumulated post-retirement health care benefit obligation at December 31, 2011 would be a decrease of $0.2 million (December 31, 2010: $0.2 million; June 30, 2010: $0.2 million).
(b) South Deep accrued post-retirement health care costs
As part of the acquisition of South Deep, the post-retirement health care cost liability was assumed. The Group has certain liabilities to provide fixed monthly post-retirement medical benefits to certain pensioners and dependents of ex-employees. The Groups contributions to these schemes on behalf of current and retired employees amounted to $0.1 million (six months ended December 31, 2010: $0.1 million; fiscal year ended June 30, 2010: $0.1 million). The obligation was actuarially valued at December 31, 2011 and the outstanding contributions were funded until December 31, 2011, when the obligation was extinguished.
The following table sets forth the funded status and amounts recognized by the Group for post-retirement health care costs:
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Actuarial present value |
| 0.1 | 0.2 | |||||||||
Plan assets at fair value |
| | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets |
| 0.1 | 0.2 | |||||||||
Prior service costs |
| | | |||||||||
Unrecognized net (gain)/loss |
| | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Post-retirement health care liability |
| 0.1 | 0.2 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
The following is a reconciliation of the benefit obligation: |
||||||||||||
Balance at beginning of year |
0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | |||||||||
Service costs |
| | | |||||||||
Contributions paid |
(0.1 | ) | (0.1 | ) | (0.1 | ) | ||||||
Release of cross subsidization liability |
| | (0.2 | ) | ||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
| | 0.1 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance at end of year |
| 0.1 | 0.2 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The obligation has been valued using the projected unit credit funding method on past service liabilities. The valuation assumes a health care cost inflation rate of 8.0% per annum (December 31, 2010: 8.0%; June 30, 2010: 8.0%) and a discount rate of 8.75% per annum (December 31, 2010: 8.75%; June 30, 2010: 9.0%).
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
The net periodic benefit cost is explained as follows: |
||||||||||||
Service costs |
| | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net periodic benefit cost |
| | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
An increase or decrease in assumed health care trend rates would not have affected the interest cost for fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, six months ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal year ended June 30, 2010. A change in the medical inflation assumption did not affect the employer liability as the subsidy did not escalate.
F-47
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
16. | EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS |
Retirement benefits
Contributions to the various retirement schemes are fully expensed during the year in which they are incurred. The cost of providing retirement benefits for the Companys defined contribution plans for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 is $87.8 million (six months ended December 31, 2010: $43.0 million; fiscal 2010: $76.0 million; fiscal 2009: $57.0 million).
Share option schemes
The Company currently maintains the Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan and the Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Share Plan. The Company also maintains prior stock plans (the GF Management Incentive Scheme and the GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan), but no longer grants awards under these plans. The details of these Plans are discussed below.
The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan: At Gold Fields annual general meeting held on November 17, 2005, the shareholders approved The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan, or the 2005 Plan, under which employees, including executive directors, will be compensated going forward.
The 2005 Plan provides for two types of awards: performance vesting restricted shares, or PVRS, and performance allocated share appreciation rights, or SARS. The PVRS will only be released to participants and the SARS will vest three years after the date of the award and/or allocation of such shares. However, in respect of the PVRS, Company performance criteria need to be met in respect of awards to executives. The size of the initial allocation of SARS and PVRS is dependent on the performance of the participant at the time of allocation. The allocations under The 2005 Plan are usually made annually in March.
Details of the PVRS and SARS granted under this Plan are as follows:
Number of PVRS |
Number of SARS |
Average price | ||||||||||||||
Rand | $ | |||||||||||||||
Outstanding at June 30, 2008 |
5,396,887 | 3,837,937 | 112.73 | 14.09 | ||||||||||||
Granted during the year |
2,616,171 | 1,311,271 | 108.90 | 12.09 | ||||||||||||
Exercised and released |
(73,954 | ) | | | | |||||||||||
Forfeited |
(880,240 | ) | (539,582 | ) | 121.07 | 13.44 | ||||||||||
Conditions for vesting not met |
(226,900 | ) | | | | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Outstanding at June 30, 2009 |
6,831,964 | 4,609,626 | 111.50 | 13.83 | ||||||||||||
Granted during the year |
3,177,552 | 1,564,217 | 90.84 | 11.98 | ||||||||||||
Exercised and released |
(341,309 | ) | | | | |||||||||||
Forfeited |
(619,793 | ) | (513,571 | ) | 109.40 | 14.43 | ||||||||||
Conditions for vesting not met |
(609,751 | ) | | | | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Outstanding at June 30, 2010 |
8,438,663 | 5,660,272 | 106.00 | 14.00 | ||||||||||||
Granted during the period |
381,115 | 307,070 | 103.66 | 14.52 | ||||||||||||
Exercised and released |
(355,779 | ) | (13,329 | ) | 103.07 | 14.44 | ||||||||||
Forfeited |
(753,918 | ) | (683,416 | ) | 104.01 | 14.57 | ||||||||||
Conditions for vesting not met |
(60,000 | ) | | | | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Outstanding at December 31, 2010 |
7,650,081 | 5,270,597 | 105.53 | 15.63 | ||||||||||||
Granted during the period |
3,165,342 | 1,638,484 | 119.17 | 16.51 | ||||||||||||
Exercised and released |
(2,559,552 | ) | (1,247,317 | ) | 111.06 | 15.38 | ||||||||||
Forfeited |
(886,759 | ) | (631,621 | ) | 110.69 | 15.33 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Outstanding at December 31, 2011 |
7,369,112 | 5,030,143 | 107.91 | 13.27 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-48
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
In terms of the 2005 Plan rules, PVRS are granted for no consideration, vest after three years from grant date and do not expire. The PVRS due to vest in fiscal year ended June 30, 2009 did not meet the vesting conditions. None of the PVRS granted during fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, the six months ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal year ended June 30, 2010 were exercisable on December 31, 2011.
At the time the 2005 Plan was first implemented, the release of PVRS was subject to, among other things, the Groups relative performance on the Philadelphia XAU Index, or the XAU Index. In fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, it became evident that the XAU Index was not representative of Gold Fields peer competitors, as some of the companies in the XAU Index are not pure gold mining companies. Furthermore, since the selection of the XAU Index as a benchmark, a number of relatively small gold producers have been included in the XAU Index and again these cannot be regarded as representative of Gold Fields peer competitors. Accordingly instead of using the XAU Index, Gold Fields performance is therefore measured against only five gold mining companies whom it believes can be regarded as its peer competitors.
The incremental fair value resulting from the modification amounted to $17.1 million which was expensed over the remaining vesting period of the restricted shares.
In terms of the 2005 Plan rules, SARS currently expire no later than six years from the grant date and vest three years after grant date. No SARS granted during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, the six months ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal year ended June 30, 2010 were exercisable on December 31, 2011. The average exercise price for SARS outstanding at December 31, 2011 was R107.91 ($13.27).
The following tables summarize information relating to the options outstanding at December 31, 2011.
Outstanding options | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Price range | Number of options |
Contractual life (in years) |
Weighted average exercise price |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Rand | $ | Rand | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Range of prices |
60.00 84.99 | 7.38 10.45 | 3,400 | 2.95 | 69.48 | 8.55 | ||||||||||||||||||
85.00 109.99 | 10.46 13.52 | 3,000,076 | 3.50 | 99.82 | 12.28 | |||||||||||||||||||
110.00 134.99 | 13.53 16.60 | 1,991,517 | 4.28 | 120.20 | 14.79 | |||||||||||||||||||
135.00 159.99 | 16.61 19.68 | 35,150 | 6.01 | 136.29 | 16.76 | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total |
5,030,143 | 3.83 | 107.91 | 13.27 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The PVRS have not been included in the table above as they do not have an expiry date and are granted for no consideration.
GF Management Incentive Scheme: Prior to approval of The 2005 Plan, share options were available to executive officers and other employees, as determined by the Board of Directors under The GF Management Incentive Scheme. Options to purchase a total of 311,225 ordinary shares were outstanding under The GF Management Incentive Scheme as of December 31, 2011 none of which were held by the executive directors of Gold Fields. The exercise prices of all outstanding options range between Rand 60.40 and Rand 140.66 per ordinary share and they expire between January 3, 2012 and August 18, 2013. The exercise price of each ordinary share which is the subject of an option is the weighted average price of the ordinary shares on the JSE on the day immediately preceding the date on which the Board of Directors resolved to grant the option.
F-49
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Each option may normally only be exercised by a participant on the following bases: (1) after two years have elapsed from the date on which the option was accepted by the participant, in respect of not more than one-third of the ordinary shares which are the subject of that option; (2) after three years have elapsed from the date on which the option was accepted by the participant, in respect of not more than a further one-third (representing two-thirds cumulatively) of the ordinary shares which are the subject of that option; and (3) after four years have elapsed from the date on which the option was accepted by the participant, in respect of all the ordinary shares which are the subject of that option, subject to revision by the Board of Directors. For so long as a person continues to work for Gold Fields, options lapse seven years after the date of acceptance of the option by the participant. Options vest as soon as they are exercisable, and employees who leave Gold Fields have one year following their departure to exercise options which have vested. Options which are not yet exercisable are forfeited upon leaving employment, subject to exceptions relating to changes in control of Gold Fields and no fault termination of service as part of organizational restructuring.
The share option scheme may be amended from time to time by the Board of Directors and the trustees of the scheme in any respect (except in relation to amendments affecting: (1) the eligibility of participants under the scheme; (2) the formula for calculating the total number of ordinary shares which may be issued under the scheme; (3) the maximum number of options which may be acquired by any participant; (4) the option price formula; and (5) the voting, dividend and transfer rights attaching to options, which may only be amended through approval in a general meeting), provided that no such amendment shall operate to affect the vested rights of any participant. The first allocations were made under The 2005 Plan in March 2006 and no further allocations will be made under The GF Management Incentive Scheme from that date. A total of 5% of the Companys issued ordinary share capital, being 35,309,563 shares as of December 31, 2011, is reserved for issuance under all the prevailing share schemes described above. This percentage may only be amended with the approval of shareholders in general meeting and the JSE.
At the annual general meeting held on October 31, 2001, the shareholders approved an increase in the maximum number of shares to 5% of the Companys issued ordinary shares as at June 30, 2001, being 22,791,830 shares. For the convenience of the reader, the Rand amounts have been converted to U.S. dollars at the balance sheet rates for the respective fiscal years.
Details of the options granted under the GF Management Incentive Scheme are as follows:
Number of Options |
Average option price | |||||||||||
Rand | $ | |||||||||||
Outstanding at July 1, 2008 |
4,212,219 | 78.38 | 9.80 | |||||||||
Exercised and released |
(1,367,882 | ) | 69.69 | 7.73 | ||||||||
Forfeited |
(539,916 | ) | 105.39 | 11.70 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Outstanding at July 1, 2009 |
2,304,421 | 77.20 | 9.58 | |||||||||
Exercised and released |
(778,172 | ) | 74.62 | 9.84 | ||||||||
Forfeited |
(173,616 | ) | 97.01 | 12.80 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Outstanding at July 1, 2010 |
1,352,633 | 76.15 | 10.06 | |||||||||
Exercised and released |
(348,430 | ) | 75.40 | 10.56 | ||||||||
Forfeited |
(27,670 | ) | 96.06 | 13.45 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Outstanding at January 1, 2011 |
976,533 | 75.85 | 11.24 | |||||||||
Exercised and released |
(614,340 | ) | 72.33 | 10.02 | ||||||||
Forfeited |
(50,968 | ) | 118.63 | 16.43 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Outstanding at December 31, 2011 |
311,225 | 73.48 | 9.04 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-50
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
In terms of the GF Management Incentive Scheme rules, options currently expire no later than seven years from the grant date and vest as follows: upon the second anniversary of the grant date, a third of the total option grant vests, and then annually upon future anniversaries of the grant date, a further third of the total option grant vests. Proceeds received by the Company from the exercise of options are credited to common stock and additional paid-in capital. All of the outstanding options under this Scheme have vested and are therefore exercisable. The range of exercise prices for options outstanding at December 31, 2011 was R60.40 to R140.66. The range of exercise prices for options is wide primarily due to the fluctuation of the price of the Companys stock over the period of the grants.
No further allocations are being made under the GF Management Incentive Scheme in view of the Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan. However, during the six months ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal year ended June 30, 2010 some share option expiry dates were extended to enable participants who were disadvantaged due to closed periods to be placed in an equitable position. The incremental fair value of the modification was accounted for in each respective periods.
The following directors were affected by the modification:
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 | Six months to December 31, 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of options |
Weighted average price (Rand) |
Contractual life extended by (years) |
Number of options |
Weighted average price (Rand) |
Contractual life extended by (years) |
|||||||||||||||||||
Executive directors |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nicholas J. Holland |
| | | 191,500 | 75.44 | 0.80 | ||||||||||||||||||
Paul Schmidt |
| | | 15,934 | 74.75 | 0.64 | ||||||||||||||||||
Non-Executive directors |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kofi Ansah |
| | | 6,700 | 68.59 | 0.50 | ||||||||||||||||||
Rupert L. Pennant-Rea |
| | | 20,000 | 78.49 | 0.50 | ||||||||||||||||||
Chris I. von Christierson |
| | | 10,000 | 88.38 | 0.50 | ||||||||||||||||||
Fiscal year ended June 30, 2010 | Fiscal year ended June 30, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of options |
Weighted average price (Rand) |
Contractual life extended by (years) |
Number of options |
Weighted average price (Rand) |
Contractual life extended by (years) |
|||||||||||||||||||
Executive directors |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nicholas J. Holland |
13,334 | 46.23 | 0.87 | 172,499 | 76.59 | 0.38 | ||||||||||||||||||
Terence P. Goodlace |
| | | 3,167 | 154.65 | 0.01 | ||||||||||||||||||
Non-Executive directors |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kofi Ansah |
| | | 6,700 | 68.59 | 0.39 | ||||||||||||||||||
Rupert L. Pennant-Rea |
5,000 | 110.03 | 0.71 | 25,000 | 84.79 | 0.39 | ||||||||||||||||||
Chris I. von Christierson |
10,000 | 110.03 | 0.71 | 20,000 | 99.21 | 0.39 | ||||||||||||||||||
Alan J. Wright |
10,000 | 110.03 | 0.71 | 55,000 | 68.41 | 0.39 |
F-51
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Share option scheme
The following tables summarize information relating to the options outstanding at December 31, 2011:
Outstanding and exercisable options | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Number of options |
Contractual life (in years) |
Weighted average exercise price |
||||||||||||||||||||
Rand | $ | Rand | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Range of prices |
60.00 84.99 | 7.38 10.45 | 260,926 | 0.24 | 67.54 | 8.31 | ||||||||||||||||||
85.00 109.99 | 10.46 13.52 | 28,499 | 0.34 | 90.67 | 11.15 | |||||||||||||||||||
110.00 134.99 | 13.53 16.60 | 14,000 | 1.03 | 111.66 | 13.73 | |||||||||||||||||||
135.00 159.99 | 16.61 19.68 | 7,800 | 1.16 | 140.66 | 17.30 | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total |
311,225 | 0.31 | 73.48 | 9.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
These options will expire if not exercised at specific dates ranging from January 3, 2012 to August 18, 2013. Market prices of shares for which options were exercised during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 ranged from R46.23 to R125.37.
The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Director Share Plan: At Gold Fields annual general meeting held on November 17, 2005, the shareholders approved The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Share Plan, or The 2005 Non-Executive Plan. Participants in The 2005 Non-Executive Plan are non-executive directors of Gold Fields who are not members of the Non-Executive Directors Remuneration Committee, which is a committee comprising external independent remuneration advisors. The Plan provides for the release of restricted shares awarded to the non-executive directors three years after the date of the award, provided that the non-executive director is not removed, disqualified or forced to resign from the Board of Directors during that period. No consideration is payable for the grant of an award of restricted shares. Awards in respect of 47,300 shares were authorized at Gold Fields annual general meeting on November 4, 2009.
F-52
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Details of the restricted shares granted under this Plan are as follows:
No. of restricted shares |
||||
Outstanding at June 30, 2008 |
80,600 | |||
Granted during the year |
52,600 | |||
Exercised and released |
(33,000 | ) | ||
Forfeited |
| |||
|
|
|||
Outstanding at June 30, 2009 |
100,200 | |||
Granted during the year |
47,300 | |||
Exercised and released |
(11,622 | ) | ||
Forfeited |
| |||
|
|
|||
Outstanding at June 30, 2010 |
135,878 | |||
Granted during the period |
| |||
Exercised and released |
(37,000 | ) | ||
Forfeited |
| |||
|
|
|||
Outstanding at December 31, 2010 |
98,878 | |||
|
|
|||
Granted during the period |
| |||
Exercised and released |
(56,978 | ) | ||
Forfeited |
| |||
|
|
|||
Outstanding at December 31, 2011 |
41,900 | |||
|
|
The restricted shares have not been split per range as they do not have an expiry date and are granted for no consideration. In addition, none of the vested instruments were exercisable at December 31, 2011. During fiscal 2008, the terms of the restricted shares granted to non-executive directors were modified in the same way as the PVRS granted under the Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan. The incremental fair value resulting from the modification amounted to $0.5 million and was expensed over the remaining life of the options.
The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan: Prior to the approval of The 2005 Non-Executive Plan, share options were available to non-executive directors selected by the Non-Executive Directors Remuneration Committee. No member of the Non-Executive Directors Remuneration Committee could be a participant in The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan. The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan was adopted at the annual general meeting of shareholders on October 31, 2001. The exercise price of each ordinary share which is the subject of an option is the weighted average price of the ordinary shares on the JSE on the day immediately preceding the date on which the Non-Executive Directors Remuneration Committee resolves to grant the option.
Under The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan, all options granted may only be exercised no less than 12 months and no more than five years after the date on which the option was accepted by the participant.
If an option holder ceases to hold office for any reason, he will be entitled within 30 days to exercise share options which he was entitled to exercise immediately prior to his ceasing to hold office, failing which the options shall automatically lapse. The share option plan may be amended from time to time by the Non-Executive Directors Remuneration Committee in any respect, except in relation to: (1) the eligibility of participants under the plan; (2) the formula for calculating the total number of ordinary shares which may be acquired pursuant to the plan; (3) the maximum number of options which may be acquired by any participant; (4) the price payable by participants; and (5) the voting, dividend and transfer rights attaching to options, which may only be amended through approval by the shareholders in a general meeting and by the JSE.
F-53
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
There were no outstanding options granted under this plan at December 31, 2011.
Following the approval of The 2005 Non-Executive Plan at the Annual General Meeting held on November 17, 2005 and the approval of the first allocations under that Plan at that meeting, no further allocations will be made under The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan.
The following tables summarize information relating to the options outstanding at December 31, 2011. For the convenience of the reader, the Rand amounts have been converted to U.S. dollars at the balance sheet rates for the respective fiscal years.
Details of the Plan are as follows:
Number of Options |
Average option price | |||||||||||
Rand | $ | |||||||||||
Outstanding as of June 30, 2008 |
146,700 | 83.81 | 10.48 | |||||||||
Granted during the year |
| | | |||||||||
Exercised and released |
(25,000 | ) | 43.70 | 4.85 | ||||||||
Forfeited |
(40,000 | ) | 99.21 | 11.01 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Outstanding as of June 30, 2009 |
81,700 | 88.54 | 10.99 | |||||||||
Granted during the year |
| | | |||||||||
Exercised and released |
| | | |||||||||
Forfeited |
| | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Outstanding as of June 30, 2010 |
81,700 | 88.54 | 11.70 | |||||||||
Exercised and released |
(20,000 | ) | 78.49 | 10.99 | ||||||||
Forfeited |
(25,000 | ) | 110.03 | 15.41 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Outstanding as of December 31, 2010 |
36,700 | 79.37 | 11.76 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Exercised and released |
(36,700 | ) | 79.37 | 10.99 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Outstanding as of December 31, 2011 |
| | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
There were no options outstanding under the GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan as of December 31, 2011.
The compensation cost related to awards not yet recognized under all four schemes amounts to $91.6 million and is to be spread over three years.
The Group uses the Black Scholes Model to value the SARS. The inputs to the model for awards granted during the period were as follows:
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, |
Six Months Ended December 31, |
Fiscal Years Ended June 30, |
||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
Weighted average exercise priceRand |
119.17 | 93.89 | 90.84 | 108.90 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average expected volatility (based on a statistical analysis of the share price on a weighted moving average basis for the expected term of the option) |
46.4 | % | 50.2 | % | 52.0 | % | 51.7 | % | ||||||||
Expected term (years) |
5.90 | 3.0 4.2 | 3.0 4.2 | 3.0 4.2 | ||||||||||||
Long-term expected dividend yield |
1.70 | % | 1.00 | % | 1.00 | % | 1.80 | % | ||||||||
Weighted average risk free interest rate |
6.90 | % | 6.90 | % | 7.90 | % | 6.90 | % | ||||||||
Weighted average fair valueRand |
51.66 | 55.06 | 43.82 | 45.90 |
F-54
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The Group uses the Monte-Carlo Simulation to value the PVRS. The inputs to the model for awards granted during the year were as follows:
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, |
Six Months Ended December 31, |
Fiscal Years Ended June 30, |
||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
Weighted average expected volatility (based on a statistical analysis of the share price on a weighted moving average basis for the expected term of the option) |
64.1 | % | 50.1 | % | 50.4 | % | 67.8 | % | ||||||||
Expected term (years) |
3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | ||||||||||||
Historical dividend yield |
1.70 | % | 1.90 | % | 1.40 | % | 2.30 | % | ||||||||
Weighted average risk free interest rate (based on U.S. interest rate) |
0.20 | % | 0.20 | % | 0.20 | % | 0.60 | % | ||||||||
Weighted average fair valueRand |
206.27 | 191.38 | 155.78 | 209.40 |
(c) South African Equity Empowerment Transactions
The South African Mining Charter requires mining entities to achieve a 26% ownership of South African mining assets by historically disadvantaged South Africans, or HDSA, by the year 2014.
In fiscal year ended June 30, 2004, Gold Fields implemented its first 15% Black Economic Empowerment, or BEE, transaction with Mvelaphanda, a BEE partner. During the six months ended December 31, 2010. Gold Fields implemented three empowerment transactions which are aimed at complying with the 2014 BEE equity ownership targets.
The value of these transactions was $297.6 million and were comprised of an employee share option plan, or ESOP, for 10.75% of GFIMSA; a broad-based BEE transaction for 10.0% of South Deep, and a broad-based BEE transaction for 1% of GFIMSA, excluding South Deep. For accounting purposes, these transactions qualify as share-based compensation costs.
The $297.6 million was comprised of $171.9 million for the ESOP, $10.2 million for the GFIMSA transaction and $115.5 million for the South Deep transaction.
Under the ESOP transaction, 13.5 million shares were issued to approximately 47,000 Gold Fields employees. These shares were valued on the grant date using the Gold Fields closing share price of R122.79 on December 22, 2010, adjusted by a marketability discount of 25.8% to reflect the value of the restrictions placed on these shares; that the eligible employees may not dispose of the shares until after 15 years from grant gate. The cost of this once-off share-based compensation was $171.9 million.
Under the GFIMSA transaction, 0.6 million shares were issued to broad-based BEE partners on December 23, 2010. The share-based compensation cost, based on the closing price of R118.51, was $10.2 million. These shares were not adjusted by a marketability discount because they had no trading restrictions.
The South Deep transaction amounted to $115.5 million and was made up of a preferred BEE dividend of $21.2 million and an equity component equivalent to $94.3 million. Under the South Deep transaction, a wholly-owned subsidiary company of Gold Fields was created to acquire 100% of the South Deep asset from GFIMSA.
F-55
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The new company then issued 10 million Class B ordinary shares representing 10.0% of South Deeps net worth to a consortium of BEE partners. Class B ordinary shareholders are entitled to a dividend of R2 per share until conversion to Class A ordinary shares. The Class B ordinary shares will convert one-third after ten years and a third thereafter on each fifth year anniversary. For accounting purposes, the dividend represents a liability of Gold Fields to the Class B ordinary shareholders and qualifies as a share-based compensation. It was valued at $21.2 million, of which $3.4 million (December 31, 2010: $2.7 million) was classified as a short-term portion under accounts payable at December 31, 2011. The Rand based effective interest rate used to discount the future dividend payments was 9.55%.
The disposal of 10% of South Deep was subject to valuation adjustments relating to minority, liquidity and marketability discounts which resulted in an overall once-off share-based compensation expense of $94.3 million.
All but the dividend share-based compensation have been included within additional paid-in capital within shareholders equity. The long-term dividend liability component of the share-based compensation has been shown as other long-term liabilities.
17. | DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FAIR VALUE AND CREDIT RISK OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS |
Risk management activities
In the normal course of its operations, the Group is exposed to commodity price, currency, interest rate, liquidity and credit risk. In order to manage these risks, the Group has developed a comprehensive risk management process to facilitate control and monitoring of these risks.
Concentration of credit risk
The Groups financial instruments do not represent a concentration of credit risk as the Group deals with a number of major banks. Accounts receivable are regularly monitored and assessed and where necessary an adequate level of provision is maintained.
A formal process of allocating counterparty exposure and prudential limits is approved by the audit committee and is applied under the supervision of the Groups executive committee. Facilities requiring margin payments are not engaged.
Foreign currency and commodity price risk
In the normal course of business, the Group enters into transactions for the sale of its gold, denominated in U.S. Dollars. In addition, the Group has assets and liabilities in a number of different currencies (South African Rand, U.S. Dollars and Australian Dollars). As a result, the Group is subject to transaction and translation exposure from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.
As at December 31, 2011 and 2010, Gold Fields did not hold any derivative instruments to protect its exposure to adverse movements in copper commodity prices.
Under the long-established structure of sales agreements prevalent in the industry, substantially all of Gold Fields copper concentrate sales are provisionally priced at the time of shipment. The provisional prices are finalized in a contractually specified future period (generally one to three months) primarily based on quoted LME prices. Sales subject to final pricing are generally settled in a subsequent month. Because a significant
F-56
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
portion of Gold Fields copper concentrate sales in a period usually remain subject to final pricing, the forward price is a major determinant of recorded revenues and the average recorded copper price for the period.
LME copper prices averaged $8,836 per ton during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 (six months ended December 31, 2010: $7,828 per ton; fiscal year ended June 30, 2010: $6,651 per ton), compared with the Companys recorded average provisional price, net of refining charges, of $8,160 per ton. The applicable forward copper price at December 31, 2011 was $7,643 per ton. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, decreasing copper prices resulted in a provisional pricing mark-to-market loss of $20.6 million (included in revenue).
Interest rate and liquidity risk
Fluctuations in interest rates impact on the value of investments and financing activities, giving rise to interest rate risk. The Group does not currently hedge its exposure to interest rate risk.
In the ordinary course of business, the Group receives cash proceeds from its operations and is required to fund working capital and capital expenditure requirements. The cash is managed to ensure surplus funds are invested to maximize returns while ensuring that capital is safeguarded to the maximum extent possible by investing only with top financial institutions.
Substantial contractual arrangements for uncommitted borrowing facilities are maintained with several banking counterparties to meet the Groups normal contingency funding requirements.
Fair value
The fair value of a financial instrument is defined as the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale. The carrying amounts of receivables, accounts payable and cash and cash equivalents are a reasonable estimate of their fair values due to the short-term maturity of such instruments. The investments in the environmental trust fund approximate fair value, as the monies are invested in short-term maturity investments. The listed investments are carried at market value. Long-term loans at floating rates, approximate fair value as they are subject to market based floating rates.
The estimated fair values of the the Groups financial instruments are:
December 31, 2011 | December 31, 2010 | June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Carrying value | Fair value | Carrying value | Fair value | Carrying value | Fair value | |||||||||||||||||||
Financial assets |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
744.0 | 744.0 | 809.5 | 809.5 | 500.7 | 500.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Receivables |
483.4 | 483.4 | 411.4 | 411.4 | 305.4 | 305.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Non-current investments |
272.2 | 272.2 | 344.3 | 344.3 | 254.3 | 254.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Financial liabilities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term loans |
1,360.7 | 1,263.0 | 1,136.6 | 1,107.5 | 430.0 | 430.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable and provisions |
669.9 | 669.9 | 670.6 | 670.6 | 551.9 | 551.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest payable |
11.2 | 11.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 4.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Short-term loans and current portion of long-term loans |
547.0 | 547.0 | 261.7 | 261.2 | 691.1 | 691.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other non-current liabilities |
13.5 | 13.5 | 19.7 | 19.7 | | |
F-57
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Fair value accounting establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:
| Level 1 Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities; |
| Level 2 Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; |
| Level 3 Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (supported by little or no market activity). |
The following table sets forth our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value by level within the fair value hierarchy. As required by Accounting Standard Codification, or ASC, fair value guidance, assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
Fair value at December 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
Total $ m |
Level 1 $ m |
Level 2 $ m |
Level 3 $ m |
|||||||||||||
Assets: |
||||||||||||||||
Listed investments |
77.3 | 77.3 | | | ||||||||||||
Investments held by environmental trust funds |
161.5 | 122.5 | 39.0 | | ||||||||||||
Unlisted investments |
2.6 | | | 2.6 | ||||||||||||
Trade receivable from provisional copper concentrate sales, net |
88.4 | | 88.4 | | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
329.8 | 199.8 | 127.4 | 2.6 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Fair value at December 31, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||
Total $ m |
Level 1 $ m |
Level 2 $ m |
Level 3 $ m |
|||||||||||||
Assets: |
||||||||||||||||
Listed investments |
124.4 | 124.4 | | | ||||||||||||
Investments held by environmental trust funds |
168.5 | 120.0 | 48.5 | | ||||||||||||
Unlisted investments |
1.7 | | | 1.7 | ||||||||||||
Trade receivable from provisional copper concentrate sales, net |
83.2 | | 83.2 | | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
377.8 | 244.4 | 131.7 | 1.7 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Fair value at June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||
Total $ m |
Level 1 $ m |
Level 2 $ m |
Level 3 $ m |
|||||||||||||
Assets: |
||||||||||||||||
Listed investments |
76.8 | 76.8 | | | ||||||||||||
Investments held by environmental trust funds |
133.8 | 80.3 | 53.5 | | ||||||||||||
Unlisted investments |
1.3 | | | 1.3 | ||||||||||||
Trade receivable from provisional copper concentrate sales, net |
45.7 | | 45.7 | | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
257.6 | 157.1 | 99.2 | 1.3 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-58
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The Groups listed investments comprise equity investments in listed entities and are therefore valued using quoted market prices in active markets and classified within level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the listed investments is the product of the quoted market price and the number of shares held.
The Group investments held in environmental funds primarily comprise interest bearing short-term investments which are valued using quoted market prices.
The Groups net trade receivable from provisional copper and gold concentrate sales is valued using quoted market prices based on the forward London Metal Exchange and classified within level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
The Groups financial instruments are valued using pricing models and classified within level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Where possible, the values produced by the valuation models are verified to market prices. Valuation models require a variery of inputs, including contractual terms, market prices, yield curves, credit spreads, measures of volatility and correlations of such inputs.
The table below sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of our Level 3 financial assets.
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Balance at the beginning of the period |
1.7 | 1.3 | 0.8 | |||||||||
Additions |
0.4 | | 0.9 | |||||||||
Settlements |
| (0.8 | ) | (0.7 | ) | |||||||
Impairments |
| | (0.5 | ) | ||||||||
Unrealized gain |
0.5 | 1.2 | 0.8 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance at the end of the period |
2.6 | 1.7 | 1.3 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized gain of $0.5 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 was included in accumulated other comprehensive loss. As of December 31, 2011, the assets classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy represent less than 1.00% of the total assets and liabilities measured at fair value, respectively.
Derivative contracts
There were no derivative contracts at December 31, 2011, December 31, 2010 and June 30, 2010.
18. | ADDITIONAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION |
(a) | Supplemental cash flow disclosures |
The income and mining taxes paid in the statement of cash flow represents actual cash paid.
The following amounts of interest paid were included in cash flows from operations:
Fiscal year Ended December 31, |
Six Months Ended December 31, |
Fiscal Year Ended June 30, |
||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
Interest paid before capitalization |
63.6 | 36.4 | 71.7 | 137.5 |
F-59
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(b) | Non cash-items |
Excluded from the statements of cash flows are the following:
i) For the fiscal ended December 31, 2011
The $26.4 million loss on mark-to-market of listed investments
i) For the six months ended December 31, 2010
The $28.8 million gain on mark-to-market of listed investments
ii) For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2010
The $24.9 million gain on mark-to-market of listed investments
ii) For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009
The $122.4 million loss on mark-to-market of listed investments
19. | COMMITMENTS |
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||
Capital expenditure |
||||||||||||
authorized |
||||||||||||
South AfricaKDC |
373.7 | 375.2 | 342.4 | |||||||||
South AfricaBeatrix |
87.1 | 96.8 | 87.2 | |||||||||
South AfricaSouth Deep |
433.1 | 573.4 | 568.9 | |||||||||
GhanaTarkwa |
126.5 | 67.7 | 148.9 | |||||||||
GhanaDamang |
16.9 | 53.1 | 7.5 | |||||||||
PeruCerro Corona |
44.7 | 44.0 | 29.4 | |||||||||
AustraliaSt Ives |
150.3 | 22.3 | 58.1 | |||||||||
AustraliaAgnew |
10.4 | 59.0 | 10.2 | |||||||||
Other |
0.4 | 0.1 | 0.2 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
1,243.1 | 1,291.6 | 1,252.8 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The above capital expenditure amounts are based on management accounts which are prepared based on IFRS.
Contracted for |
245.7 | 167.4 | 236.9 | |||||||||
Other guarantees |
1.7 | 2.2 | 2.6 |
Guarantees consist of $1.2 million to the Department of Minerals and Energy in South Africa and $0.5 million for numerous other obligations. The Group also provides environmental obligation guarantees with respect to its Ghanaian and Australian operations. These guarantees, amounting to $56.3 million at December 31, 2011 (December 31, 2010: $49.3 million; June 30, 2010: $45.0 million) have not been included in the amount of guarantees of $1.7 million because they are fully provided for under the related asset retirement obligation.
Commitments will be funded from internal cash resources and borrowings as necessary.
F-60
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
20. | CONTINGENT LIABILITIES |
World Gold Council
Gold Fields is a member of the World Gold Council. In terms of the membership agreement, all members are responsible for certain costs, including ongoing costs on a three year rolling basis, winding up costs, if applicable, and various other contingent liabilities. Apportionment of liabilities, should they arise, is done proportionate to the members production relative to the total production of all members. To date, no claims have been made on Gold Fields.
Occupational health care services
The Group provides occupational health care services to its employees through its existing facilities at the various operations. There is a risk that the cost of providing such services could increase in the future depending upon changes in the nature of underlying legislation and the profile of employees. This increased cost, should it transpire, is currently indeterminate. The Group is monitoring developments in this regard.
The principal health risks associated with Gold Fields mining operations in South Africa arise from occupational exposure to silica dust, noise, heat and certain hazardous chemicals. The most significant occupational diseases affecting Gold Fields workforce include lung diseases (such as silicosis, tuberculosis, a combination of the two and chronic obstructive airways disease, or COAD) as well as noise-induced hearing loss, or NIHL. The Occupational Diseases in Mines and Works Act 78 of 1973, or ODMWA, governs the payment of compensation and medical costs for certain illnesses, such as silicosis, contracted by those employed in mines or at sites where activities ancillary to mining are conducted. Recently, the South African Constitutional Court ruled that a claim for compensation under ODMWA does not prevent the employee from seeking to recover compensation from the employer concerned in a civil action under common law (either as individuals or as a class). While issues, such as negligence and causation, need to be proved on a case by case basis, it is nevertheless possible that such ruling could expose Gold Fields to claims related to occupational hazards and diseases (including silicosis), which may be in the form of a class action or similar group action. If Gold Fields were to face a significant number of such claims and the claims were suitably established against it, the payment of compensation for the claims could have a material adverse effect on the Gold Fields results of operations and financial condition. In addition, Gold Fields may incur significant additional costs arising out of these issues, including costs relating to the payment of fees, levies or other contributions in respect of compensatory or other funds established (if any) and expenditures arising out of its efforts to resolve any outstanding claims or other potential action.
Randgold and Exploration summons
On August 21, 2008, GFO, formerly known as Western Areas Limited, or WAL, a subsidiary of Gold Fields, received a summons from Randgold and Exploration Company Limited, or R&E, and African Strategic Investment (Holdings) Limited. The summons claims that during the period that WAL was under the control of Brett Kebble, Roger Kebble and others, WAL assisted in the unlawful disposal of shares owned by R&E in Randgold Resources Limited, or Resources, and Afrikander Lease Limited, now known as Uranium One. GFOs assessment remains that it has sustainable defences to these claims and accordingly, GFOs attorneys have been instructed to vigorously defend the claims. The claims have been computed in various ways. The highest claims have been computed on the basis of the highest prices of Resources and Uranium One between the dates of the alleged unlawful events and March 2008 (between R11 billion and R12 billion). The alternative claims have been computed on the basis of the actual amounts allegedly received by WAL to fund its operations (approximately
F-61
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
R519 million). The claims lie only against GFO, which holds a 50% stake in the South Deep Mine. This alleged liability is historic and relates to a period of time prior to Gold Fields purchasing the Company. The plaintiffs have failed, to date, to prosecute their claims and the action remains in abeyance.
Acid mine drainage
Gold Fields has identified a risk of potential long term acid mine drainage, or AMD, on certain of its operations. AMD relates to the acidification and contamination of naturally occurring water resources by pyrite-bearing ore contained in underground mines and in rock dumps, tailings dams and pits on the surface. Gold Fields has not been able to reliably determine the financial impact that AMD might have on the Group, however Gold Fields has adopted a proactive approach by initiating all studies and rehabilitation to focus on AMD risk management, with particular emphasis on avoiding the flooding of its mines post closure, through ongoing pump arrangements.
21. | LINES OF CREDIT |
The Group had unused lines of committed credit facilities available amounting to $1,429.1 million at December 31, 2011 (December 31, 2010: $1,685.7 million; June 30, 2010: $1,173.7 million).
22. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
None of the directors or officers of Gold Fields or any associate of such director or officer is currently or has been at any time during the past three fiscal years materially indebted to Gold Fields.
Rand Refinery
Rand Refinery, in which the Company holds a 34.9% interest, has an agreement with the Group whereby it refines all the Companys South African and Ghanaian operations gold production. The Groups chief executive officer is currently an alternate director of Rand Refinery and has held his directorship since September 30, 2008. Prior to this date, he had been a director since July 10, 2000. The Company paid Rand Refinery $1.7 million, $1.4 million and $1.2 million in refining fees for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, six months ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal year ended June 30, 2010, respectively. Refer to note 11Non-current Investments for amounts owing by Rand Refinery to the Company as at December 31, 2011 and 2010 and June 30, 2010, and the dividends received from Rand Refinery for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, six months ended December 31, 2010 and fiscal year ended June 30, 2010.
On November 21, 2000, GFL Mining Services Limited, or GFLMS, entered into an agreement with Rand Refinery in terms of which GFLMS acts as an agent for Rand Refinery with regard to the sale of a maximum of 50% of Gold Fields South African gold production. On June 1, 2004, GFLMS exercised its right, by giving notice to Rand Refinery, to sell all of Gold Fields South African gold production with effect from October 1, 2004. Gold Fields Ghana Limited and Abosso Goldfields Limited also have had agreements with Rand Refinery since March 2002 to transport, refine and sell substantially all of the gold production from the Tarkwa and Damang mines.
F-62
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Peotona Gold
Cheryl A. Carolus, a non-executive director of Gold Fields, is a party in her capacity as founding shareholder of Peotona Gold Holdings (Proprietary) Limited, or PGH, to the agreement described below. Ms Carolus has a 25% interest in PGH, which in turn has a one-third economic interest and a 51% voting interest in the issued share capital of Peotona Gold (Proprietary) Limited, or Peotona Gold.
Western Areas Prospecting (Proprietary) Limited, (a company 74% owned by GFO and 26% owned by Peotona Gold), or WAP, held four prospecting rights on ground contiguous to the South Deep Mine. On April 21, 2009, GFO, GFIJVH, Peotona Gold, WAP and others entered into an agreement in terms of which WAP relinquished and abandoned a portion of the prospecting area covered by one of the above prospecting rights on ground contiguous to the South Deep mine (commonly known as Uncle Harrys Area) in favor of the South Deep Joint Venture. The agreement was subject to (among other conditions precedent) the conversion of the old order mining right of South Deep to a new order mining right and simultaneously amending the South Deep mining right by extending the area covered by the South Deep mining right to include Uncle Harrys Ground pursuant to the Mineral and Petroleoum Resources Development Act. 28 of 2002. Peotona Gold also granted GFO an option to acquire its 26% shareholding in WAP.
On July 13, 2010, the South African Department of Mineral Resources executed the new-order mining right for the South Deep Gold Mine, including Uncle Harrys Ground.
On October 14, 2011, Gold Fields purchased the 26% interest in WAP from Peotona Gold for $6.3 million. Gold Fields now owns 100% of WAP which owns the Cardoville, the Kalbasfontein, the WA4 and the Wildebeestkuil prospecting rights.
Gold Fields believes that the above transactions with related parties have been conducted on terms at least as favorable to it as arms length terms.
23. | SUBSEQUENT EVENTS |
Changes in tax legislation
Ghana
The following changes to the current tax regime relating to mining companies were passed by the Ghanaian parliament and gazetted as of March 9, 2012. The changes include the following:
| Increased tax rate for mining companies from 25% to 35%. |
| As from the 2012 year of assessment, capital allowances on mining assets would now be granted at the rate of 20% on the cost base of the assets, versus the previous 80% of the cost base of assets in the first year, 50% of the balance (the remaining 20%) of the tax written down value annually thereafter. Previously an upliftment allowance calculated as being 5% of the cost price of the asset was also granted claimable in the year following the acquisition. This upliftment allowance has expired and is to be abolished. |
| Expenses exclusively incurred on one contracting area or site would no longer be offset against profits from another contracting area or site belonging to the same company in determining the chargeable income for income tax purposes (The mechanics of this change still need to be defined by the Ghanaian tax authorities). |
| Expiration of the National Fiscal Stabilisation Levy of 5%. |
F-63
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
In addition the following further amendments have been proposed:
| A windfall profit tax of 10% on mining companies. The 10% is expected to be calculated based on an adjusted cash balance method, which is yet to be defined. |
| Capital gains tax on the appreciation in the value of companies whose ownerships are transferred or changed. |
| The introduction of transfer pricing regulations to strengthen existing legislation to deal with taxation of multinational companies and minimize the incidence of tax avoidance through Transfer Pricing. Transfer Pricing refers to the setting, analysis, documentation and adjustment of charges made between related parties for goods, services or use of property. |
South Africa
During the budget speech in February 2012, the Minister of Finance announced that STC will be abolished resulting in the abolishment of the STC inclusive Gold mining formula. The result is that there will now only be one Gold Mining formula with effect from January 1, 2012.
The formula being: y = a (ab/x), where:
y = the tax rate to be determined;
a = the marginal tax rate of either 34% or 43% (depending on STC election);
b = the portion of tax-free revenue (currently the first 5%); and
x = the ratio of taxable income to the total income.
We have evaluated the Ghanaian and South African tax changes and consider the adjustments required for these to be enacted subsequent to December 31, 2011, therefore no adjustments were made for these tax changes at period end.
Far Southeast
The Group has exercised its 40% option in the gold-copper Far Southeast Project in the Philippines after making a US$110-million payment on March 22, 2012. After making two down-payments of US$44-million and US$66-million in September 2010 and September 2011 respectively, Gold Fields has decided to bring forward half of the remaining US$220-million payment to acquire Libertys 40% interest in Far Southeast. Gold Fields continues to hold its option to acquire an additional 20% stake in Far Southeast from Lepanto for a further US$110-million, which, if exercised, would increase its total interest in Far Southeast to 60%. The Liberty and Lepanto options were initially granted to Gold Fields for the later of 18 months from signature in September 2010 or the date of receiving a Financial or Technical Assistance Agreement (FTAA) for the project. A FTAA licence allows a foreign corporation to control a majority interest in a Philippine mining project.
F-64
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Notwithstanding this provision, Gold Fields had the discretion to exercise either option prior to the FTAA being granted. Gold Fields has decided to exercise the Liberty option earlier than originally planned due to the fact that:
| The due diligence results to date are positive and demonstrate significant upside to the resource potential; |
| By acquiring ownership of 40% it demonstrates its commitment to the project and formalises its partnership with Lepanto; and |
| The early exercise of the Liberty option does not affect the remaining 20% Lepanto option, which continues to be exercisable in accordance with the terms of the agreement. |
The FTAA application for the Far Southeast project was filed in November 2011 and based on the date of the filing Gold Fields expects it could be granted in the second half of 2012. Gold Fields also expects to have a maiden Resource statement for Far Southeast and commence a pre-feasibility study later in 2012. The Group has evaluated the option agreement and considers the adjustment required for the above to be applicable subsequent to December 31, 2011 and therefore no adjustments to the financial statements were made at period end.
24 | GEOGRAPHICAL AND SEGMENT INFORMATION |
Gold Fields is primarily involved in gold mining, exploration and related activities. Activities are conducted and investments held both inside and outside of South Africa.
The segment results have been prepared and presented based on managements reporting format. Management prepares its financial records in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS, and reconciled IFRS information is what the Companys chief operating decision maker reviews in allocating resources and making investment decisions. The Companys gold mining operations are managed and internally reported based upon the following geographic areas: in South Africa the Driefontein-Kloof complex, or KDC, (prior to July 1, 2010, Driefontein and Kloof divisions were reported as separate segments), the Beatrix division and the South Deep mine, in Ghana the Tarkwa and Damang mines, in Australia, the St. Ives and Agnew mines and in Peru, the Cerro Corona mine. The Group also has exploration interests which are included in the Corporate and other segment. Corporate costs are allocated between segments based upon the time spent on each segment by members of the executive team.
F-65
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa | Ghana | Australia | Peru | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDC | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives |
Agnew | Total | Cerro Corona |
Corporate and other# |
Reconciling items |
Group Consolidated |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of operations |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
1,745.5 | 555.4 | 427.5 | 1,122.9 | 340.8 | 734.2 | 313.1 | 1,047.3 | 560.5 | | | 5,800.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating costs(1) |
(1,032.2 | ) | (333.6 | ) | (296.2 | ) | (436.4 | ) | (142.1 | ) | (415.4 | ) | (138.5 | ) | (553.9 | ) | (157.4 | ) | (31.0 | ) | (126.5 | ) | (3,109.4 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold inventory |
| | | 65.0 | 1.9 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 9.0 | (0.1 | ) | | 1.4 | 77.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating profit |
713.4 | 221.8 | 131.3 | 751.6 | 200.6 | 321.8 | 180.6 | 502.4 | 403.0 | (31.0 | ) | (125.1 | ) | 2,767.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization and depreciation |
(230.4 | ) | (71.2 | ) | (76.7 | ) | (104.9 | ) | (26.7 | ) | (149.9 | ) | (44.6 | ) | (194.5 | ) | (58.6 | ) | (20.4 | ) | 38.1 | (745.3 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net operating profit/(loss) |
483.0 | 150.6 | 54.6 | 646.6 | 173.9 | 171.9 | 136.0 | 307.9 | 344.4 | (51.4 | ) | (87.0 | ) | 2,022.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exploration expenditure |
| | | | | (5.0 | ) | (4.4 | ) | (9.4 | ) | (4.2 | ) | (101.6 | ) | (5.3 | ) | (120.5 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Feasibility and evaluation |
| | | | | | | | | (17.4 | ) | (77.8 | ) | (95.2 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other items as detailed in statement of operations |
(56.3 | ) | (11.2 | ) | (15.1 | ) | (21.5 | ) | (15.0 | ) | 0.2 | (0.1 | ) | 0.1 | (15.7 | ) | (15.3 | ) | 0.6 | (149.4 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royalty |
(35.5 | ) | (4.6 | ) | (2.1 | ) | (51.0 | ) | (15.5 | ) | | (3) | | (3) | (26.3 | ) | (14.7 | ) | | | (149.7 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current taxation |
(88.5 | ) | (0.3 | ) | | (150.7 | ) | (29.8 | ) | | (3) | | (3) | | (111.7 | ) | (55.5 | ) | | (436.5 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred taxation |
(39.7 | ) | (43.4 | ) | (17.1 | )* | (22.0 | ) | (13.2 | ) | | (3) | | (3) | (82.8 | ) | 10.4 | 43.9 | 48.4 | (115.5 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Profit/(loss) after taxation |
263.2 | 91.1 | 20.3 | 401.4 | 100.5 | | (3) | | (3) | 189.6 | 208.5 | (197.3 | ) | (121.1 | ) | 955.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# | Corporate and other represents items to reconcile segment data to consolidated financial statement totals. Included in Corporate and other is goodwill relating to the acquisition of South Deep. |
* | Indicative as tax is provided in the holding companies of South Deep. |
** | The totals above may not reflect the sum of the line items due to rounding. |
December 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa | Ghana | Australia | Peru | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDC | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives | Agnew | Total | Cerro Corona |
Corporate and other# |
Reconciling items |
Group Consolidated |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance sheet |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets (excluding deferred tax assets) |
1,714.5 | 225.0 | 153.0 | 1,435.9 | 344.2 | 1,058.2 | 609.0 | 1,667.2 | 1,069.5 | 3,643.0 | (174.9 | ) | 10,077.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities excluding deferred tax |
414.2 | (103.5 | ) | 66.9 | 323.9 | 99.2 | 174.9 | 44.6 | 219.5 | 282.8 | 1,949.5 | (55.2 | ) | 3,197.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred tax liability/(asset) |
471.6 | 145.6 | 15.8 | 207.7 | 29.1 | | (3) | | (3) | 270.8 | 24.9 | (77.3 | ) | (60.3 | ) | 1,027.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital expenditure |
318.6 | 84.6 | 274.6 | 218.9 | 87.8 | 182.7 | 74.1 | 256.8 | 69.4 | 102.5 | (260.2 | ) | 1,153.0 |
(1) | Operating costs for management reporting purposes includes: Corporate expenditure$25.9 million, Environmental rehabilitation$24.9 million and Employee termination costs$32.8 million, which are not included in production costs under U.S. GAAP. In addition, gold inventory change is included in production costs under U.S. GAAP. |
(2) | Reflects the change in quantity and value of broken ore and ore on the heap leach pad during the fiscal year. |
(3) | As a significant portion of the acquisition price was allocated to tenements of St Ives and Agnew based on endowment ounces and also as these two Australian operations are entitled to transfer and off-set losses from one company to another, it is not meaningful to split the royalties, current or deferred taxation. |
F-66
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Six Months Ended December 31, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa | Ghana | Australia | Peru | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDC | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives | Agnew | Total | Cerro Corona |
Corporate and other# |
Reconciling items |
Group Consolidated |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of operations |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
814.3 | 259.1 | 188.2 | 468.1 | 152.1 | 313.4 | 102.4 | 415.8 | 266.6 | | | 2,564.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating costs(1) |
(533.6 | ) | (172.8 | ) | (139.5 | ) | (205.4 | ) | (73.9 | ) | (178.2 | ) | (50.7 | ) | (228.9 | ) | (77.4 | ) | (33.1 | ) | (43.6 | ) | (1,508.2 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold inventory change(2) |
| | | (2.8 | ) | 0.5 | 10.3 | 0.7 | 11.0 | 1.6 | | (4.7 | ) | 5.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating profit |
280.7 | 86.3 | 48.7 | 259.9 | 78.7 | 145.5 | 52.4 | 197.9 | 190.8 | (33.1 | ) | (48.3 | ) | 1,061.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization and depreciation |
(122.5 | ) | (36.9 | ) | (37.8 | ) | (43.5 | ) | (12.7 | ) | (81.5 | ) | (14.1 | ) | (95.6 | ) | (29.1 | ) | (10.9 | ) | (0.4 | ) | (389.4 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net operating profit/(loss) |
158.2 | 49.4 | 10.9 | 216.4 | 66.0 | 64.0 | 38.3 | 102.3 | 161.7 | (44.0 | ) | (48.7 | ) | 672.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exploration expenditure |
| | | | | | | | | (49.1 | ) | (1.8 | ) | (50.9 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Feasibility and evaluation |
| | | | | | | | | (9.3 | ) | | (9.3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other items as detailed in statement of operations |
(148.9 | ) | (47.7 | ) | (22.9 | ) | (11.6 | ) | (6.0 | ) | (4.2 | ) | (1.4 | ) | (5.6 | ) | (12.1 | ) | (117.6 | ) | (1.4 | ) | (373.8 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royalty |
(11.8 | ) | (1.3 | ) | (0.9 | ) | (8.7 | ) | (3.1 | ) | | (3) | | (3) | (10.2 | ) | (7.3 | ) | | | (43.3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current taxation |
(20.5 | ) | (0.4 | ) | | (54.8 | ) | (18.6 | ) | | (3) | | (3) | | (47.1 | ) | (18.1 | ) | | (159.5 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred taxation |
33.7 | (7.9 | ) | (0.6 | )* | (5.7 | ) | 1.2 | | (3) | | (3) | (25.7 | ) | (1.9 | ) | (0.6 | ) | 33.2 | 25.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Profit/(loss) after taxation |
10.7 | (7.9 | ) | (13.5 | ) | 135.6 | 39.5 | | (3) | | (3) | 60.8 | 93.3 | (238.7 | ) | (18.7 | ) | 61.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# | Corporate and other represents items to reconcile segment data to consolidated financial statement totals. Included in Corporate and other is goodwill relating to the acquisition of South Deep. |
* | Indicative as tax is provided in the holding companies of South Deep. |
** | The totals above may not reflect the sum of the line items due to rounding. |
December 31, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa | Ghana | Australia | Peru | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDC | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives | Agnew | Total | Cerro Corona |
Corporate and other# |
Reconciling items |
Group Consolidated |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance sheet |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets (excluding deferred tax assets) |
1,937.9 | 237.5 | 126.6 | 1,193.3 | 250.0 | 862.7 | 485.6 | 1,348.3 | 1,063.2 | 4,370.8 | 182.4 | 10,710.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities excluding deferred tax |
437.1 | (93.0 | ) | 67.5 | 189.4 | 70.5 | 140.9 | 45.9 | 186.8 | 288.5 | 1,427.7 | (12.0 | ) | 2,562.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred tax liability/(asset) |
525.6 | 128.9 | 0.6 | 185.7 | 15.8 | | (3) | | (3) | 187.2 | 35.2 | (33.1 | ) | 19.4 | 1,065.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital expenditure |
177.3 | 42.7 | 140.5 | 116.6 | 56.3 | 55.5 | 25.0 | 80.5 | 31.4 | 4.7 | (56.4 | ) | 593.6 |
(1) | Operating costs for management reporting purposes includes: Corporate expenditure$20.7 million, Environmental rehabilitation$10.9 million and Employee termination costs$35.3 million, which are not included in production costs under U.S. GAAP. In addition, gold inventory change is included in production costs under U.S. GAAP. |
F-67
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(2) | Reflects the change in quantity and value of broken ore and ore on the heap leach pad during the financial year. |
(3) | As a significant portion of the acquisition price was allocated to tenements of St Ives and Agnew based on endowment ounces and also as these two Australian operations are entitled to transfer and off-set losses from one company to another, it is not meaningful to split the royalties, current or deferred taxation. |
Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa | Ghana | Australia | Peru | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives |
Agnew | Total | Cerro Corona |
Corporate and other# |
Reconciling items |
Group Consolidated |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of operations |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
770.9 | 613.2 | 424.7 | 288.7 | 790.1 | 226.9 | 460.6 | 177.8 | 638.4 | 411.4 | | | 4,164.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating costs(1) |
(505.6 | ) | (451.8 | ) | (299.9 | ) | (220.9 | ) | (387.0 | ) | (130.7 | ) | (308.9 | ) | (89.3 | ) | (398.2 | ) | (135.0 | ) | | (118.5 | ) | (2,647.6 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold inventory change(2) |
| | | | 11.4 | (2.1 | ) | 13.4 | (0.5 | ) | 12.9 | 1.3 | | 5.9 | 29.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating profit |
265.3 | 161.4 | 124.8 | 67.8 | 414.5 | 94.1 | 165.1 | 88.0 | 253.1 | 277.7 | | (112.6 | ) | 1,546.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization and depreciation |
(82.0 | ) | (105.6 | ) | (71.5 | ) | (59.7 | ) | (111.0 | ) | (17.2 | ) | (98.6 | ) | (18.2 | ) | (116.8 | ) | (55.3 | ) | (19.1 | ) | 6.9 | (631.3 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net operating profit/(loss) |
183.3 | 55.8 | 53.3 | 8.1 | 303.5 | 76.9 | 66.5 | 69.8 | 136.3 | 222.4 | (19.1 | ) | (105.7 | ) | 914.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exploration expenditure |
| | | | | | | | | | (80.9 | ) | (1.6 | ) | (82.5 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other items as detailed in statement of operations |
(12.0 | ) | (14.1 | ) | (6.4 | ) | (24.8 | ) | (10.9 | ) | (3.3 | ) | (4.5 | ) | (1.3 | ) | (5.8 | ) | (53.2 | ) | 145.2 | 4.4 | 19.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current taxation |
(32.6 | ) | (3.7 | ) | (1.0 | ) | (0.5 | ) | (70.3 | ) | (28.3 | ) | | (3) | | (3) | (16.5 | ) | (51.2 | ) | (29.9 | ) | | (234.0 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred taxation |
(26.5 | ) | (15.4 | ) | (18.6 | ) | 6.5 | * | (34.4 | ) | 0.5 | | (3) | | (3) | (34.7 | ) | (27.0 | ) | 3.5 | 21.7 | (124.4 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Profit/(loss) after taxation |
112.2 | 22.6 | 27.3 | (10.7 | ) | 187.9 | 45.8 | | (3) | | (3) | 79.3 | 91.0 | 18.8 | (81.2 | ) | 493.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa | Ghana | Australia | Peru | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives |
Agnew | Total | Cerro Corona |
Corporate and other# |
Reconciling items |
Group Consolidated |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance sheet |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
1,076.5 | 661.2 | 140.5 | 132.0 | 1,059.0 | 177.4 | 701.8 | 380.8 | 1,082.6 | 886.0 | 3,812.6 | 153.6 | 9,181.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities excluding deferred tax |
307.2 | 142.8 | (114.9 | ) | 78.9 | 144.6 | 36.7 | 125.4 | 32.5 | 157.9 | 218.0 | 1,109.2 | (27.6 | ) | 2,052.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred tax liability/(asset) |
263.6 | 236.9 | 107.5 | | 180.0 | 17.1 | | (3) | | (3) | 138.2 | 33.3 | (33.0 | ) | 46.6 | 990.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital expenditure |
150.3 | 145.7 | 85.8 | 212.8 | 148.6 | 29.8 | 103.0 | 55.2 | 158.2 | 85.6 | 4.5 | (108.2 | ) | 913.1 |
# | Corporate and other represents items to reconcile segment data to consolidated financial statement totals. Included in Corporate and other is goodwill relating to the acquisition of South Deep. |
F-68
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(1) | Operating costs for management reporting purposes includes: Corporate expenditure$47.5 million, Environmental rehabilitation$19.3 million and Employee termination costs$10.2 million, which are not included in production costs under U.S. GAAP. In addition, gold inventory change is included in production costs under U.S. GAAP. |
(2) | Reflects the change in quantity and value of broken ore and ore on the heap leach pad during the financial year. |
(3) | As a significant portion of the acquisition price was allocated to tenements of St Ives and Agnew based on endowment ounces and also as these two Australian operations are entitled to transfer and off-set losses from one company to another, it is not meaningful to split the current or deferred taxation. |
Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2009 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa | Ghana | Australia | Peru | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St. Ives |
Agnew | Total | Cerro Corona |
Corporate and other# |
Reconciling items |
Group Consolidated |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of operations |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
726.5 | 562.3 | 339.1 | 155.2 | 537.2 | 175.7 | 378.6 | 169.9 | 548.5 | 183.8 | | | 3,228.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating costs(1) |
(391.8 | ) | (342.3 | ) | (226.1 | ) | (131.9 | ) | (338.1 | ) | (132.4 | ) | (255.5 | ) | (74.8 | ) | (330.3 | ) | (86.4 | ) | | (106.0 | ) | (2,085.3 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gold inventory change(2) |
| | | | 18.0 | 2.3 | 1.1 | (2.2 | ) | (1.1 | ) | 4.1 | | 11.4 | 34.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating profit |
334.7 | 220.0 | 113.0 | 23.3 | 217.1 | 45.6 | 124.3 | 92.8 | 217.1 | 101.5 | | (94.6 | ) | 1,177.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization and depreciation |
(69.4 | ) | (76.9 | ) | (48.3 | ) | (31.4 | ) | (55.0 | ) | (18.8 | ) | (80.0 | ) | (24.9 | ) | (104.9 | ) | (38.9 | ) | (16.2 | ) | 26.2 | (433.6 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net operating profit/(loss) |
265.3 | 143.1 | 64.7 | (8.1 | ) | 162.1 | 26.8 | 44.4 | 67.9 | 112.2 | 62.6 | (16.2 | ) | (68.4 | ) | 744.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exploration expenditure |
| | | | | | | | | | (56.4 | ) | (1.6 | ) | (58.0 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other items as detailed in statement of operations |
(21.0 | ) | (17.0 | ) | (7.0 | ) | 6.1 | (14.3 | ) | (9.6 | ) | 2.1 | (1.7 | ) | 0.4 | (17.8 | ) | (74.8 | ) | 20.1 | (134.9 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current taxation |
(66.9 | ) | (28.2 | ) | (0.1 | ) | | (16.1 | ) | (8.3 | ) | | (3) | | (3) | (21.0 | ) | (16.1 | ) | (16.2 | ) | | (172.9 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred taxation |
(19.6 | ) | (12.2 | ) | (21.8 | ) | 0.8 | * | (31.8) | 0.3 | | (3) | | (3) | (21.8 | ) | (3.3 | ) | 21.1 | (3.4 | ) | (91.7 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Profit/(loss) after taxation |
157.8 | 85.7 | 35.8 | (1.2 | ) | 99.9 | 9.2 | | (3) | | (3) | 69.8 | 25.4 | (142.5 | ) | (53.3 | ) | 286.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* | Indicative as tax is provided in the holding companies of South Deep |
# | Corporate and other represents items to reconcile segment data to consolidated financial statement totals. Included in Corporate and other is goodwill relating to the acquisition of South Deep. |
(1) | Operating costs for management reporting purposes includes: Corporate expenditure$35.5 million, Environmental rehabilitation$13.9 million and Employee termination costs$21.0 million, which are not included in production costs under U.S. GAAP. In addition, gold inventory change is included in production costs under U.S. GAAP. |
(2) | Reflects the change in quantity and value of broken ore and ore on the heap leach pad during the financial year. |
(3) | As a significant portion of the acquisition price was allocated to tenements of St. Ives and Agnew based on endowment ounces and also as these two Australian operations are entitled to transfer and off-set losses from one company to another, it is not meaningful to split the current or deferred taxation. |
F-69
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The following provides a breakdown of the reconciling items for each line item presented
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, |
Six Months Ended December 31, |
Fiscal Year Ended June 30, |
||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||||||
Operating costs |
||||||||||||||||||||
On-mine exploration |
(k | ) | (22.9 | ) | (3.6 | ) | (18.3 | ) | (24.3 | ) | ||||||||||
Provision for rehabilitation |
(l | ) | (2.2 | ) | 0.4 | 1.7 | 4.7 | |||||||||||||
Cut-backs |
(j | ) | (144.4 | ) | (52.7 | ) | (90.0 | ) | (64.3 | ) | ||||||||||
Deferred stripping |
(n | ) | 43.0 | 12.3 | (11.9 | ) | (22.1 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
(126.5 | ) | (43.6 | ) | (118.5 | ) | (106.0 | ) | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Gold inventory |
||||||||||||||||||||
Inventory |
(o | ) | 1.3 | (5.3 | ) | 4.5 | 6.3 | |||||||||||||
Inventory stockpiles |
(s | ) | 0.1 | 0.6 | 1.4 | 5.1 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
1.4 | (4.7 | ) | 5.9 | 11.4 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Amortization and depreciation |
||||||||||||||||||||
Business combinationformation of Original Gold Fields |
(a | ) | (5.6 | ) | (2.7 | ) | (5.3 | ) | (5.0 | ) | ||||||||||
Business combinationformation of Gold Fields |
(b | ) | (3.4 | ) | (1.7 | ) | (3.3 | ) | (2.8 | ) | ||||||||||
Business combinationpurchase of St. Ives and Agnew |
(c | ) | 2.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.7 | ||||||||||||||
Business combinationpurchase of Abosso |
(d | ) | 1.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | ||||||||||||||
Amortization of reserves |
(h | ) | (23.3 | ) | (23.2 | ) | (37.6 | ) | 0.6 | |||||||||||
Cut-backs |
(j | ) | 39.6 | 16.3 | 54.6 | 13.1 | ||||||||||||||
Amortizationinclusion of future costs |
(i | ) | 34.7 | 13.5 | 1.4 | 19.9 | ||||||||||||||
Amortizationcapitalized interest |
(r | ) | (6.9 | ) | (3.3 | ) | (6.6 | ) | (1.7 | ) | ||||||||||
Provision for rehabilitation |
(l | ) | (0.2 | ) | 0.3 | 3.1 | 1.3 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
38.1 | (0.4 | ) | 6.9 | 26.3 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Exploration expenditure |
||||||||||||||||||||
Exploration, evaluation and feasibility costs |
(k | ) | (83.1 | ) | (1.8 | ) | (1.6 | ) | (1.6 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Other items as detailed in the statement of operations |
||||||||||||||||||||
Impairment of assets |
(g | ) | | | | (0.2 | ) | |||||||||||||
Mvelaphanda transactioninterest paid |
(q | ) | | | | (32.4 | ) | |||||||||||||
Mvelaphanda transactiondebt insurance costs |
(q | ) | | | | (0.5 | ) | |||||||||||||
Mvelaphanda transactionprofit on close out of hedge |
(q | ) | | | | 4.9 | ||||||||||||||
Interest capitalization |
(r | ) | | | (5.2 | ) | 51.7 | |||||||||||||
Other |
0.6 | (1.4 | ) | 9.6 | (3.3 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
0.6 | (1.4 | ) | 4.4 | 20.1 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-70
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
December 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||||
Total liabilities excluding deferred income and mining taxes |
||||||||||||||
Provision for rehabilitation |
(l) | 55.2 | (12.0 | ) | (27.6 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total assets |
||||||||||||||
Business combinationformation of Original Gold Fields |
(a) | 79.9 | 102.2 | 94.9 | ||||||||||
Business combinationformation of Gold Fields |
(b) | 31.3 | 41.5 | 38.6 | ||||||||||
Business combinationpurchase of St Ives and Agnew |
(c) | | (2.3 | ) | (2.3 | ) | ||||||||
Business combinationpurchase of Abosso |
(d) | | (1.1 | ) | (1.1 | ) | ||||||||
Business combinationpurchase of South Deep |
(f) | 507.9 | 611.2 | 544.5 | ||||||||||
Cutbacks |
(j) | (354.8 | ) | (250.2 | ) | (210.9 | ) | |||||||
Amortization of reserves |
(h) | (180.9 | ) | (156.1 | ) | (113.7 | ) | |||||||
Amortizationinclusion of future costs |
(i) | 123.9 | 88.7 | 64.4 | ||||||||||
AmortizationInterest capitalised |
(r) | (15.2 | ) | (10.9 | ) | (6.6 | ) | |||||||
Exploration, feasibility and evaluation costs |
(k) | (338.3 | ) | (241.8 | ) | (206.2 | ) | |||||||
Provision for rehabilitation |
(l) | (49.5 | ) | (2.3 | ) | (18.0 | ) | |||||||
Investments in affiliates |
(m) | 9.6 | 15.7 | (16.7 | ) | |||||||||
Deferred stripping |
(n) | (43.6 | ) | (84.8 | ) | (84.8 | ) | |||||||
Inventory at net realizable value |
(o) | 15.7 | 14.2 | 18.8 | ||||||||||
Impairment of Agnew |
(p) | (51.5 | ) | (50.9 | ) | (44.0 | ) | |||||||
Interest capitalization |
(r) | 91.8 | 110.6 | 98.7 | ||||||||||
Inventory stockpiles |
(s) | (1.2 | ) | (1.3 | ) | (2.0 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
(174.9 | ) | 182.4 | 153.6 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes to the reconciliation of segment information to the historical financial statements
(a) | Business combinationformation of Original Gold Fields |
For management reporting purposes, the formation of Original Gold Fields was accounted for as a uniting-of-interests. Under U.S. GAAP, the Company accounted for the assets and liabilities acquired from Gold Fields of South Africa Limited at historical cost, and the assets and liabilities acquired from Gencor and outside shareholders as a purchase.
(b) | Business combinationformation of Gold Fields |
For management reporting purposes, the difference between the purchase price and net asset value of acquired assets that arose on this transaction was set-off against shareholders equity. Under U.S. GAAP, the excess purchase price was capitalized to property, plant and equipment and is being amortized over its useful life.
(c) | Business combinationpurchase of St. Ives and Agnew |
For management reporting purposes, traded equity securities issued as consideration in a business combination are valued on the date they are issued. Under U.S. GAAP, traded equity securities issued as consideration in a business combination are valued a few days before and after the terms of the transaction are announced.
F-71
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(d) | Business combinationpurchase of Abosso |
For management reporting purposes, traded equity securities issued as consideration in a business combination are valued on the date they are issued. Under U.S. GAAP, traded equity securities issued as consideration in a business combination are valued a few days before and after the terms of the transaction are announced.
(e) | Business combinationpurchase of Bolivar |
For management reporting purposes, the entire interest acquired was fair valued upon gaining a controlling interest. Under U.S. GAAP, only the additional interest acquired was fair valued. In addition, U.S. GAAP requires retrospective equity accounting from the date the interest is acquired until the Group obtains control and the investment becomes a subsidiary. For management reporting purposes no retrospective equity accounting was applied.
(f) | Business combinationspurchase of South Deep |
For management reporting purposes, traded equity securities issued as consideration in a business combination are valued on the date they are issued. Under U.S. GAAP, traded equity securities issued as consideration in a business combination are valued a few days before and after the terms of the transaction are announced.
For management reporting purposes, the entire interest acquired in South Deep was fair value upon gaining a controlling interest. Under U.S. GAAP, only the additional interest acquired was accounted for at fair value; assets acquired before obtaining control are stated at historical carrying amounts. In addition, U.S. GAAP requires retrospective equity accounting from the date the interest is acquired until the Group obtains control and the investment becomes a subsidiary. For management reporting purposes no retrospective equity accounting is applied.
For management reporting purposes, any excess arising over the purchase price paid and the fair value of the net identifiable assets and liabilities acquired for additional interests in subsidiaries from minority shareholders are recorded directly in equity (economic entity model). Under U.S. GAAP, any excess over the purchased price paid and the fair value of the net identifiable assets and liabilities are recorded as goodwill (parent company model).
(g) | Impairment of assets |
Prior to fiscal 2003, impairment charges were recorded for management purposes based on discounted cash flows, but not recorded under U.S. GAAP, since the undiscounted cash flows exceeded the carrying amounts of the assets under U.S. GAAP.
(h) | Amortization of reserves |
For management reporting purposes, a portion of ore resources at the Australian operations, based on the philosophy of endowment, is used for calculating depreciation and amortization. Under U.S. GAAP, depreciation and amortization is calculated based upon existing proven and probable reserves.
(i) | Amortizationinclusion of future costs |
For management reporting purposes, future mine development costs are included in mining assets in calculating depreciation and amortization. Under U.S. GAAP, future development costs are not included in the calculation of depreciation and amortization.
(j) | Cut-backs |
For management reporting purposes, waste laybacks at surface operations are capitalized as mine development costs. Under U.S. GAAP, once the production phase of a mine has commenced, waste
F-72
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
laybacks are considered variable production costs that should be included as a component of inventory to be recognized in Production costs exclusive of depreciation and amortization in the same period as the revenue from the sale of inventory. As a result, capitalization of waste laybacks is appropriate only to the extent product inventory exists at the end of a reporting period.
(k) | Exploration, feasibility and evaluation costs |
For management reporting purposes, exploration costs are capitalized from the date the drilling program confirms sufficient evidence of mineralization to proceed with a feasibility study. Under U.S. GAAP, exploration costs are capitalized from the date a bankable feasibility study is completed.
(l) | Provision for rehabilitation |
Amortization of rehabilitation asset
The rehabilitation assets carrying value for management reporting purposes is different to that under U.S. GAAP, which results in a different amortization charge.
Revisions to the asset retirement obligation
For management reporting purposes, all changes in the carrying amount of the obligation are recognized as an increase or decrease in the carrying amount of the associated capitalized retirement cost. Due to differences in the capitalized retirement cost between management reporting and U.S. GAAP, differences could arise. Changes resulting from revisions in the timing or amount of estimated cash flows are recognized as an increase or decrease in the carrying amount of the asset retirement obligation and the associated capitalized retirement cost for U.S. GAAP.
In addition, the current discount rate is applied to measure the retirement obligation for management reporting purposes. Under U.S. GAAP any decreases in the asset retirement obligation as a result of downward revisions in cash flow estimates should be treated as a modification of an existing asset retirement obligation, and should be measured at the historical discount rate used to measure the initial asset retirement obligation.
(m) | Investments in equity investees |
For management reporting purposes an equity investment exceeding a 20% shareholding was treated as an available-for-sale investment prior to fiscal 2003. Under U.S. GAAP this investment was accounted for under the equity method since acquisition.
(n) | Deferred stripping |
For management reporting purposes, the Company defers the waste stripping costs in excess of the expected average pitlife stripping ratio. Under U.S. GAAP, waste stripping costs are considered costs of the extracted minerals and recognized as a component of inventory to be recognized in production costs exclusive of depreciation and amortization in the same period as the revenue from the sale of inventory.
(o) | Inventory |
Under U.S. GAAP additional amortization, waste normalization and cut backs expensed are included in the cost of inventory produced. No such absorption of costs occurred for management reporting purposes. Additionally, for management reporting purposes, no adjustment is required to record inventory at net realizable value. Under U.S. GAAP, due to the impact of the amortization adjustments on the inventory valuation, an adjustment may be required to record inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value.
F-73
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(p) | Impairment of Agnew |
For management reporting purposes the Agnew mine was not determined to be impaired. Under U.S. GAAP the Agnew mine was determined to be impaired and an impairment charge was recognized.
(q) | Mvelaphanda transaction |
| Classification of instrument |
For management reporting purposes the Mvela loan is split between a debt component and an equity component. Under U.S. GAAP the Mvela loan is classified as debt.
| Interest paid |
Due to the classification of the Mvela loan as debt under U.S. GAAP, additional interest is charged to the income statement.
| Debt issuance cost |
For management reporting purposes debt issuance cost is set off against debt. Under U.S. GAAP debt issuance cost is recorded as a deferred cost within accounts receivable.
| Fair value hedge accounting |
For management reporting purposes only the amortizing swap is treated as a fair value hedge in relation to the debt component of the Mvela loan. Under U.S. GAAP both the amortizing and accreting swap are treated as a fair value hedge as the entire loan is classified as debt.
| Profit on close out of hedge |
For management reporting purposes the profit on close-out of the interest rate swaps was accounted for in earnings at the time the swaps were closed out. Under U.S. GAAP the profit is deferred and amortized to earnings over the life of the hedged item.
(r) | Interest capitalization |
For management reporting purposes, borrowing costs are capitalized to the extent that qualifying assets are financed through specific debt financing or general outstanding debt not for any specific purpose other than funding the operations of the Group. Under U.S. GAAP, total outstanding debt financing is taken into account in calculating the amount of borrowing cost to be capitalized.
(s) | Inventory stockpiles |
For management reporting purposes, previous impairment charges writing down stockpiles to net realizable values are reversed when the net realizable value rises above the original cost. Under U.S. GAAP, the net realizable value is deemed the new base cost and impairment charges are not reversed.
F-74
Schedule 1Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Balance at beginning of year |
Charged to costs and expenses |
Deduction | Foreign currency translation adjustment |
Balance at end of year |
||||||||||||||||
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Valuation allowance |
192.5 | (22.0 | ) | | (18.1 | ) | 152.4 | |||||||||||||
Six Months Ended December 31, 2010 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Valuation allowance |
195.3 | (10.3 | ) | | 7.5 | 192.5 | ||||||||||||||
Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Valuation allowance |
195.5 | 8.3 | (0.1 | ) | (8.4 | ) | 195.3 | |||||||||||||
Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2009 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Valuation allowance |
186.4 | 17.5 | (2.7 | ) | (5.7 | ) | 195.5 |
S-1