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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM 20-F

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

     
 
   
For the fiscal year ended:
  30 June 2004
 
   
Commission file number:
  1-10691

DIAGEO plc
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

England
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organisation)

8 Henrietta Place, London W1G 0NB, England
(Address of principal executive offices)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

         
Title of each class   Name of each exchange on which registered  
American Depositary Shares
    New York Stock Exchange
Ordinary shares of 28101/108 pence each
    New York Stock Exchange*
9.42% Cumulative guaranteed preferred securities, series A**
    New York Stock Exchange

*   Not for trading, but only in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares representing such ordinary shares, pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
**   Issued by Grand Metropolitan Delaware, LP, of which the Registrant is the sole general partner, and guaranteed as to certain payments by the Registrant.
         
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
  None
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:
  None

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the Annual Report: 3,057,472,410 ordinary shares of 28101/108 pence each.

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes [X]          No [•]

Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the Registrant has elected to follow.

Item 17 [•]  Item 18 [X]

This document comprises the annual report on Form 20-F and the annual report to shareholders for the year ended 30 June 2004 of Diageo plc (the 2004 Form 20-F). Reference is made to the cross reference to Form 20-F table on page 165 hereof (the Form 20-F Cross reference table). Only (i) the information in this document that is referenced in the Form 20-F Cross reference table, (ii) the cautionary statement concerning forward-looking statements on page 19 and (iii) the Exhibits, shall be deemed to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for any purpose, including incorporation by reference into the Registration Statements on Form F-3 (File Nos. 333-10410 and 333-14100) and Registration Statements on Form S-8 (File Nos. 333-08090, 333-08092 and 333-08092 amendment, 333-08094, 333-08096 and 333-08096 amendment, 333-08098, 333-08100, 333-08102, 333-08104, 333-08106, 333-09770, 333-11460 and 333-11462), and any other documents, including documents filed by Diageo plc pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, which purport to incorporate by reference the 2004 Form 20-F. Any information herein which is not referenced in the Form 20-F Cross reference table, or the Exhibits themselves, shall not be deemed to be so incorporated by reference.



 


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 Exhibit 12.1
 Exhibit 12.2
 Exhibit 13.1
 Exhibit 13.2
 Exhibit 14.1

This is the Annual Report on Form 20-F of Diageo plc for the year ended 30 June 2004.

This document contains forward-looking statements that involve risk and uncertainty. There are a number of factors that could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements, including factors beyond Diageo’s control. For more details, please refer to the cautionary statement concerning forward-looking statements on page 19.

The market data contained in this document is taken from independent industry sources in the markets in which Diageo operates.

This report includes names of Diageo’s products, which constitute trademarks or trade names which Diageo owns or which others own and licence to Diageo for use. In this report, the term ‘ company’ refers to Diageo plc and the terms ‘group’ and ‘Diageo’ refer to the company and its consolidated subsidiaries, except as the context otherwise requires. A glossary of terms used in this report is included at the end of the document.

Diageo’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United Kingdom (UK GAAP), which is the group’s primary reporting framework. Unless otherwise indicated all other financial information contained in this document has been prepared in accordance with UK GAAP. The principal differences between UK and US GAAP are discussed in the operating and financial review and set out in the consolidated financial statements.

 


Table of Contents

2 Diageo Annual Report 2004

Five year information

The following table presents selected consolidated financial data for Diageo for the five years ended 30 June 2004 and as at the respective year ends. The UK GAAP data for the five years ended 30 June 2004 and the US GAAP data for the four years ended 30 June 2004 have been derived from Diageo’s audited consolidated financial statements. The US GAAP data for the year ended 30 June 2000 has been extracted from Diageo’s US GAAP audited consolidated financial statements. The UK GAAP data for the two years ended 30 June 2003 have been restated following the adoption of FRS 17, UITF 38 and application note (G) to FRS 5 — Reporting the substance of transactions. In addition, the UK GAAP data for the two years ended 30 June 2001 have been restated following the adoption of UITF 38 and application note (G) to FRS 5 — Reporting the substance of transactions.

                                         
 
    Year ended 30 June  
            2003     2002     2001     2000  
    2004     (restated)     (restated)     (restated)     (restated)  
Profit and loss account data(1)   £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million  
 
UK GAAP
                                       
 
Turnover:
                                       
 
Premium drinks
    8,891       8,802       8,539       7,498       7,041  
 
Discontinued operations(2)
          479       2,361       4,609       4,230  
 
Total turnover
    8,891       9,281       10,900       12,107       11,271  
 
Operating profit before exceptional items:(3)(4)
                                       
 
Premium drinks
    1,911       1,902       1,670       1,432       1,280  
 
Discontinued operations(2)
          53       330       673       677  
 
Total operating profit before exceptional items
    1,911       1,955       2,000       2,105       1,957  
 
Exceptional items charged to operating profit(4)
    (40 )     (168 )     (470 )     (228 )     (181 )
 
Operating profit
    1,871       1,787       1,530       1,877       1,776  
 
Other exceptional items(4)
    (58 )     (1,318 )     750       (4 )     (166 )
 
Profit for the year
    1,392       50       1,589       1,210       985  
 
US GAAP(2)
                                       
 
Sales
    8,777       9,153       10,760       11,868       11,015  
 
Gains/(losses) on disposals of businesses
    97       16       1,843       (8 )     75  
 
Net income(5)
    1,700       434       2,554       758       798  
 
 
 
Per share data
  pence     pence     pence     pence     pence
 
UK GAAP
                                       
 
Dividend per share(6)
    27.6       25.6       23.8       22.3       21.0  
 
Earnings per share:
                                       
 
Basic
    45.9       1.6       47.9       35.8       29.0  
 
Diluted
    45.9       1.6       47.9       35.8       29.0  
 
Earnings before exceptional items per ordinary share:
                                       
 
Basic
    48.2       47.7       43.1       41.7       37.2  
 
Diluted
    48.2       47.7       43.1       41.7       37.1  
 
US GAAP
                                       
 
Basic earnings per ordinary share
    56.1       13.9       77.0       22.4       23.5  
 
Diluted earnings per ordinary share
    56.1       13.9       77.0       22.4       23.5  
 
Basic earnings per ADS
    224.4       55.6       308.0       89.6       94.0  
 
Diluted earnings per ADS
    224.4       55.6       308.0       89.6       94.0  
 

 


Table of Contents

     
 
   
3 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Five year information
                                         
 
    As at 30 June  
            2003     2002     2001     2000  
    2004     (restated)     (restated)     (restated)     (restated)  
Balance sheet data(1)   £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million  
 
UK GAAP
                                       
 
Net current assets/(liabilities)(7)
    44       (1,023 )     (686 )     (512 )     (119 )
 
Total assets
    14,090       15,188       17,545       16,737       15,943  
 
Net borrowings(7)
    4,144       4,870       5,496       5,479       5,545  
 
Shareholders’ funds
    3,692       2,801       5,029       5,328       4,518  
 
Called up share capital(8)
    885       897       930       987       990  
 
US GAAP
                                       
 
Total assets(9)
    23,071       24,071       26,153       25,955       24,868  
 
Long term obligations(7)
    3,381       3,149       3,892       4,029       3,753  
 
Shareholders’equity
    10,287       9,344       11,316       11,880       11,802  
 
 
  million     million     million     million     million
 
Number of ordinary shares(8)
    3,057       3,100       3,215       3,411       3,422  
 

Notes to the selected consolidated financial data

1 New UK GAAP accounting policiesThe group has adopted the reporting requirements of FRS 17 — Retirement benefits in its primary financial statements from 1 July 2003. The group also complies from 1 July 2003 with the following requirements issued by the UK’s Accounting Standards Board:UITF abstract 38 — Accounting for ESOP trusts and the amendment to FRS 5 — Reporting the substance of transactions.

     The UK GAAP financial information for the two years ended 30 June 2003 and the appropriate year ends have been restated following the adoption of FRS 17, UITF 38 and the amendment to FRS 5. The UK GAAP financial information for the two years ended 30 June 2001 has been restated following the adoption of UITF 38 and the amendment to FRS 5. The two years ended 30 June 2001 have not been restated for FRS 17 as the information is not readily available without unreasonable effort or expense.

FRS 17 — Retirement benefits This standard replaces the use of the actuarial values for assessing pension costs in favour of a market-based approach. In order to cope with the volatility inherent in this measurement basis, the standard requires that the profit and loss account shows the relatively stable ongoing service cost, the expected return on assets and the interest on the liabilities. Differences between expected and actual returns on assets, and the impact on the liabilities of changes in the assumptions, are reflected in the statement of total recognised gains and losses.

     The adoption of FRS 17 has decreased the reported operating profit before exceptional items for the year ended 30 June 2003 by £88 million (year ended 30 June 2002 — £111 million). This charge has been offset by a decrease in exceptional charges of £14 million (year ended 30 June 2002 — decrease in exceptional income of £25 million) and an increase in other finance income of £36 million (year ended 30 June 2002 — £104 million), giving a net decrease in the profit for the year of £38 million (year ended 30 June 2002 — £32 million). In addition, the adoption of the standard has reduced shareholders’ funds at 30 June 2003 by £1,865 million (30 June 2002 — reduced by £728 million; 30 June 2001 — increased by £384 million).

UITF abstract 38 — Accounting for ESOP trusts This abstract changes the presentation of an entity’s own shares held in an employee share trust from requiring them to be recognised as assets to requiring them to be deducted in arriving at shareholders’ funds. It also has consequential changes to UITF 17 requiring that the expense to the profit and loss account should be the difference between the fair value of the shares at the date of award and the amount that an employee is required to pay for the shares (i.e. the ‘intrinsic value’of the award).

     The impact of the adoption of UITF 38 in the year ended 30 June 2003 has been to increase operating profit before exceptional items by £14 million (year ended 30 June 2002 — £5 million; year ended 30 June 2001 — £4 million; year ended 30 June 2000 — decrease of £6 million) and increase the tax charge by £4 million (year ended 30 June 2002 — £1 million; year ended 30 June 2001 — £1 million; year ended 30 June 2000 — credit of £1 million). In addition, in the year ended 30 June 2003 exceptional charges were reduced by £2 million, giving a net increase in the profit for the year of £12 million (year ended 30 June 2002 — £4 million;year ended 30 June 2001 — £3 million; year ended 30 June 2000 — decrease of £5 million). The reclassification of shares acquired by the share trust (own shares) from fixed asset investments and debtors to equity has reduced shareholders’ funds by £288 million at 30 June 2003 (30 June 2002 — £244 million; 30 June 2001 — £179 million; 30 June 2000 — £146 million).

 


Table of Contents

     
4 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Five year information

FRS 5 — Reporting the substance of transactions The amendment to the standard added a new application note (G) on revenue recognition. This requires that revenue should be stated at fair value of the right to consideration. Diageo incurs certain promotional expenditure, where permitted under local law (for example, slotting fees, whereby fees are paid to retailers for prominence of display, listing or agreement not to delist Diageo’s products) that are not wholly independent of the invoiced product price. Such expenditure is now deducted from turnover. The change, which has no impact on operating profit, reduced turnover and operating costs by £159 million in the year ended 30 June 2003 (2002 — £382 million including £217 million in respect of discontinued operations; 2001 — £714 million including £632 million in respect of discontinued operations; 2000 — £599 million including £523 million in respect of discontinued operations).

2 Discontinued operations Included within UK GAAP discontinued operations are the quick service restaurants business (Burger King — sold 13 December 2002) and the packaged food businesses (Pillsbury — sold 31 October 2001). The quick service restaurants and packaged food businesses have been included in continuing operations under US GAAP. There are no discontinued operations under US GAAP.

                                         
3 Brands and goodwill An analysis of goodwill amortisation charged to UK GAAP operating profit is as follows:
    Year ended 30 June  
    2004     2003     2002     2001     2000  
    £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million  
 
Premium drinks
    (2 )     (2 )     (2 )     (2 )     (1 )
 
Discontinued operations
          (2 )     (10 )     (24 )     (16 )
 
 
    (2 )     (4 )     (12 )     (26 )     (17 )
 
                                         
4 Exceptional items An analysis of exceptional items before taxation under UK GAAP is as follows:
    Year ended 30 June  
            2003     2002              
    2004     (restated)     (restated)     2001     2000  
    £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million  
 
Exceptional items (charged)/credited to operating profit
                                       
 
Premium drinks:
                                       
 
Seagram integration costs
    (40 )     (177 )     (164 )            
 
Guinness/UDV integration costs
          (48 )     (48 )     (74 )      
 
Other integration and restructuring costs
                (17 )     (79 )     (83 )
 
Bass distribution rights
          57                    
 
José Cuervo settlement
                (220 )            
 
 
    (40 )     (168 )     (449 )     (153 )     (83 )
 
Discontinued operations
                (21 )     (75 )     (98 )
 
 
    (40 )     (168 )     (470 )     (228 )     (181 )
 
Other exceptional items
                                       
 
Share of associates’ exceptional items
    (13 )     (21 )     (41 )           (3 )
 
(Losses)/gains on disposal of fixed assets
    (35 )     (43 )     (22 )     19       5  
 
(Losses)/gains on disposal and termination of businesses
    (10 )     (1,254 )     813       (23 )     (168 )
 
 
    (58 )     (1,318 )     750       (4 )     (166 )
 
Exceptional items under UK GAAP do not represent extraordinary items under US GAAP.

 


Table of Contents

     
 
   
5 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Five year information
                                         
5 Unusual items An analysis of unusual (charges)/income, excluding gains/(losses) on disposal of businesses and (losses)/gains on disposal of fixed assets, included in, and affecting the comparability of, operating income and net income under US GAAP, is as follows:
    Year ended 30 June  
    2004     2003     2002     2001     2000  
    £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million  
 
Seagram integration costs
    (40 )     (154 )     (82 )            
 
Other integration and restructuring costs
          (48 )     (48 )     (169 )     (115 )
 
Bass distribution rights
          57                    
 
José Cuervo settlement
                (194 )            
 
Derivative instruments in respect of General Mills shares
    28       (4 )     166              
 
Burger King impairment charges and transaction costs
    (38 )     (750 )     (135 )            
 
 
    (50 )     (899 )     (293 )     (169 )     (115 )
 

6 Dividends The Diageo plc board expects that Diageo will pay an interim dividend in April and a final dividend in October of each year. Approximately 40% of the total dividend in respect of any financial year is expected to be paid as an interim dividend and approximately 60% as a final dividend. The payment of any future dividends, subject to shareholder approval, will depend upon Diageo’s earnings, financial condition and such other factors as the Diageo plc board deems relevant.

     The table below sets out the amounts of interim, final and total cash dividends paid by Diageo plc on each ordinary share. The dividends are translated into US dollars per ADS (each ADS representing four ordinary shares) at the noon buying rate on each of the respective dividend payment dates.
                                             
 
        Year ended 30 June  
        2004     2003     2002     2001     2000  
        pence     pence     pence     pence     pence  
 
Per ordinary share
  Interim     10.6       9.9       9.3       8.9       8.4  
 
 
  Final     17.0       15.7       14.5       13.4       12.6  
 
 
  Total     27.6       25.6       23.8       22.3       21.0  
 
 
                                           
 
 
    $   $   $   $   $  
 
Per ADS
  Interim     0.77       0.61       0.54       0.51       0.53  
 
 
  Final     1.24       1.06       0.90       0.78       0.72  
 
 
  Total     2.01       1.67       1.44       1.29       1.25  
 
Note: The final dividend for the year ended 30 June 2004 will be paid on 25 October 2004. Payment to US ADR holders will be made on 29 October 2004. In the table above, an exchange rate of £1 = $1.82 has been assumed. The exact amount of the payment to US ADR holders will be determined by the rate of exchange on 25 October 2004.

7 Definitions Net current assets/(liabilities) are defined as current assets less current liabilities. Net borrowings are defined as total borrowings (i.e. short term borrowings and long term borrowings plus finance lease obligations) less cash at bank and liquid resources, interest rate and foreign currency swaps and current asset investments. Long term obligations are defined as long term borrowings and capital lease obligations which fall due after more than one year.

8 Share capital The called up share capital represents the par value of ordinary shares of 28101/108 pence in issue. The number of ordinary shares represents the number of shares in issue and fully paid up at the balance sheet date. Of these, 43 million (2003 — 45 million; 2002 — 39 million; 2001 — 35 million; 2000 — 30 million) are held in employee share trusts and are deducted in arriving at shareholders’ funds. During the year ended 30 June 2004 the group repurchased for cancellation 43 million ordinary shares at a cost of £306 million (2003 — 116 million ordinary shares, cost of £852 million; 2002 — 198 million ordinary shares, cost of £1,658 million; 2001 — 18 million ordinary shares, cost of £108 million; 2000 — 10 million ordinary shares, cost of £54 million).

 


Table of Contents

     
6 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Five year information

9 Burger King Under UK GAAP, the sale of Burger King was accounted for as a disposal and the results prior to disposal are presented within discontinued operations. Under US GAAP, the transaction is not accounted for as a disposal due to the size of the investment made by the buyer and Diageo’s continuing involvement through the guarantee provided by Diageo in respect of the acquisition finance. Under US GAAP, the results of Burger King prior to 13 December 2002 (the completion date) are presented as continuing operations in the income statement and, on the completion of the transaction, a charge for impairment has been recognised rather than a loss on disposal. Following the completion date, Diageo does not recognise profits of Burger King in its income statement but will, generally, reflect losses as an impairment charge against the assets retained on the balance sheet. In the US GAAP balance sheet, the total assets and total liabilities of Burger King at 30 June 2004 (including consideration deferred under US GAAP) classified within ‘other long term assets’and ‘other long term liabilities’ were each £1.2 billion (2003 — £1.3 billion). The transaction will be accounted for as a disposal when the uncertainties related to the guarantee provided in respect of the acquisition finance have been substantially resolved and/or the buyer’s cumulative investment meets or exceeds minimum levels.

10 Exchange rates A substantial portion of the group’s assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses is denominated in currencies other than pound sterling, principally US dollars. For a discussion of the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on the company’s financial condition and results of operations, see ‘Operating and financial review — Risk management’.

                                         
     The following table shows, for the periods indicated, information regarding the US dollar/pound sterling exchange rate, based on the noon buying rate, expressed in US dollars per £1.
 
    Year ended 30 June  
    2004     2003     2002     2001     2000  
    $     $     $     $     $  
 
Period end
    1.81       1.65       1.52       1.41       1.51  
 
Average rate (a)
    1.75       1.59       1.45       1.45       1.59  
 

(a) The average of the noon buying rates on the last business day of each month during the year. These rates have been provided for your convenience. They are not necessarily the rates that have been used in this document for currency translations or in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. See note 2 (i)(c) to the consolidated financial statements for the actual rates used.

                                                 
     The following table shows period end and average US dollar/pound sterling noon buying exchange rates by month, for the period to 31 August 2004, expressed in US dollars per £1.
 
    2004  
    August     July     June     May     April     March  
    $     $     $     $     $     $  
 
Period end
    1.80       1.82       1.81       1.83       1.77       1.84  
 
Average rate
    1.82       1.84       1.83       1.79       1.80       1.83  
 
The average exchange rate for the period 1 to 16 September 2004 was £1 = $1.79; and the noon buying rate on 16 September 2004 was £1 = $1.79.

 


Table of Contents

7 Diageo Annual Report 2004

Business description

Overview

Diageo is one of the world’s leading beverage alcohol businesses with a portfolio of international brands. Diageo was the eleventh largest publicly quoted company in the United Kingdom in terms of market capitalisation on 10 September 2004, with a market capitalisation of approximately £21.5 billion.

     Diageo was formed by the merger of Grand Metropolitan Public Limited Company and Guinness PLC that became effective on 17 December 1997. As a result of the merger, Grand Metropolitan Public Limited Company became a wholly owned subsidiary of Guinness PLC, and Guinness PLC was renamed Diageo plc. Diageo plc is incorporated as a public limited company in England and Wales. Diageo plc’s principal executive office is located at 8 Henrietta Place, London W1G 0NB and its telephone number is +44 (0) 20 7927 5200.
     Diageo is a major participant in the branded beverage alcohol industry and operates on an international scale. It brings together world-class brands and a management team committed to the maximisation of shareholder value. The management team expects to invest in global brands, expand internationally and launch innovative new products and brands.
     Diageo’s premium drinks business is the world’s leading branded premium spirits business by volume, sales revenue and operating profit. Diageo also brews and markets beer and produces and sells wine. It produces and distributes a wide range of premium brands, including Smirnoff vodka, Johnnie Walker Scotch whiskies, Guinness stout, Baileys Original Irish Cream liqueur, JεB Scotch whisky, Captain Morgan rum and Tanqueray gin.

Strategy

In December 2002 Diageo completed its strategic transition to a focused premium drinks company. Since announcing the planned realignment of its business focus in 2000, Diageo has exited the food business, selling Pillsbury to General Mills in October 2001 and divesting of Burger King in December 2002. Over the same period, it enhanced its premium drinks business with the purchase of parts of the Seagram spirits and wine businesses in December 2001. The completion of these transactions and the integration of the Seagram brands has strongly enhanced Diageo’s position in the premium drinks industry, and furthered its strategic objectives of building focus in its core business.

     Diageo’s brand portfolio is essential to its strategy. The company owns eight of the top 20 brands in the top 100 premium distilled spirits brands worldwide as defined by Impact, a publication which compiles volume statistics for the international drinks industry. The international nature of these brands enables Diageo to operate as a global business, with local sensitivity in its markets, while remaining focused on its target of being the number one premium drinks player in every market.
     Diageo’s position in premium drinks enables the company to attract and develop talented people with the capabilities to achieve Diageo’s performance goals. Key to this success is promoting diversity and ensuring Diageo is regarded as the best place to work.
     Diageo’s strategy is executed at three levels, market participation, product offering, and business effectiveness. The common themes which run through each of these levels serve as crucial drivers of Diageo’s current and future success.

Market participation Diageo targets its geographical priorities in terms of major, key and venture markets. The major markets are amongst the biggest premium drinks markets in the world. They account for the majority of Diageo’s operating profit, and serve as the primary drivers for Diageo’s business. Key markets are those where Diageo has a high relative market share and they further enhance growth, while the innovative and entrepreneurial venture markets support the long term reach of Diageo’s business.

Product offering At the brand level, Diageo manages its brands in terms of global priority brands, local priority brands, and category brands. Acting as the main focus for the business, global priority brands are Diageo’s primary growth drivers across markets. At the individual market level, local priority brands are those which drive growth on a significant, yet more limited geographic scale. Category brands comprise the smaller scale brands in Diageo’s portfolio.

Business effectiveness Diageo’s size provides an opportunity for significant scale efficiencies in operations and marketing effectiveness. Strategically, Diageo is focused on using this scale to maximise cost efficiencies, and to enable the dissemination of consumer insight across its portfolio.

     Over the long term, Diageo’s strategy will be continually focused on driving growth and increasing shareholder value.
     Diageo has completed a number of acquisitions and disposals consistent with its strategy of focusing on its premium drinks business. Between the merger in December 1997 and 30 June 2004 the group has received approximately £8.5 billion from disposals (including £4.3 billion from the sale of Pillsbury and £0.6 billion from the sale of Burger King) and spent approximately £4.4 billion on acquisitions. On 21 December 2001, Diageo and Pernod Ricard S.A. (Pernod Ricard) completed the acquisition of the spirits and wine businesses of The Seagram Company Ltd (Seagram) from Vivendi Universal SA (Vivendi) for $8.15 billion (£5.62 billion) in cash subject to certain debt, working capital and other adjustments. Diageo’s share of the purchase price after adjustment was £3.7 billion.

Premium drinks

Diageo is engaged in a broad range of activities within the beverage alcohol industry. Its operations include producing, distilling, brewing, bottling, packaging, distributing, developing and marketing a range of brands in approximately 180 territories around the world. Diageo markets a wide range of recognised beverage alcohol brands including a number of the world’s leading spirits and beer brands. The brand ranking information below, when comparing volume information with competitors, has been sourced from data published during 2004 by Impact. Market data information is taken from industry sources in the markets in which Diageo operates. Sixteen of the group’s owned brands were among the top 100 premium distilled spirits brands worldwide, as ranked by Impact, in calendar year 2003.

     References to ready to drink products below include flavored malt beverages. Ready to drink products are sold throughout the world, but flavored malt beverages are currently only sold in the United States and certain markets supplied by the United States. References to Smirnoff ready to drink include Smirnoff Ice, Smirnoff Black Ice, Smirnoff Twisted V, Smirnoff Mule, Smirnoff Spin and Smirnoff Caesar Classic.
References to Smirnoff Black Ice include Smirnoff Ice Triple Black in the United States.

 


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  Business description

In the year ended 30 June 2004, Diageo sold 98.2 million equivalent units of spirits (including ready to drink), 2.5 million equivalent units of wine and 21.4 million equivalent units of beer. In the year ended 30 June 2004, ready to drink products contributed 7.2 million equivalent units of total premium drinks volume of which Smirnoff Ice accounted for 5.2 million equivalent units. Volume has been measured on an equivalent units basis to nine litre cases of spirits. An equivalent unit represents one nine litre case of spirits, which is approximately 272 servings. A serving comprises 33ml of spirits, 165ml of wine, or 330ml of ready to drink or beer. Therefore, to convert volume of products other than spirits to equivalent units, the following guide has been used: beer in hectolitres divide by 0.9, wine in nine litre cases divide by five and ready to drink in nine litre cases divide by 10.

     The premium drinks portfolio comprises brands owned by the company as a principal, and brands the company holds under agency agreements. The portfolio includes:

Global priority brands
Smirnoff vodka and Smirnoff ready to drink products
Johnnie Walker Scotch whiskies
Guinness stout
Baileys Original Irish Cream liqueur
JεB Scotch whisky
Captain Morgan rum
José Cuervo tequila (agency brand in North America and many European and international markets)
Tanqueray gin

         
 
       
Other spirits brands include:
  Wine brands include:   Other beer brands include:
Crown Royal Canadian whisky
  Beaulieu Vineyard wine   Harp Irish lager
Buchanan’s De Luxe whisky
  Sterling Vineyards wine   Smithwick’s ale
Gordon’s gin and vodka
  Blossom Hill wine   Malta non-alcoholic malt
Windsor Premier whisky
  Piat D’Or wine   Red Stripe lager
Bell’s Extra Special whisky
       
Dimple/Pinch whisky
       
Seagram’s 7 Crown American whiskey
       
Old Parr whisky
       
Seagram’s VO Canadian whisky
       
Bundaberg rum
       

Diageo’s agency agreements vary depending on the particular brand, but tend to be for a fixed number of years. There can be no assurances that Diageo will be able to prevent termination of distribution rights or rights to manufacture under licence, or renegotiate distribution rights or rights to manufacture under licence on favourable terms when they expire. See ‘Acquisitions and disposals/termination of businesses and distribution rights’ for information in respect of José Cuervo and Bass Ale in the United States and Brown-Forman brands in the United Kingdom. Diageo’s principal agency brand is José Cuervo in North America and many European and international markets.

     Diageo also brews and sells other companies’ beer brands under licence, including Budweiser and Carlsberg lagers in Ireland, Heineken lager in Jamaica and Tiger beer in Malaysia.

Global priority brands Diageo has eight global priority brands that it markets worldwide. Diageo considers these brands to have the greatest current and future earnings potential. Each global priority brand is marketed consistently around the world, and therefore can achieve scale benefits. The group manages and invests in these brands on a global basis. In the year ended 30 June 2004, global priority brands contributed 59% of premium drinks total volume and achieved turnover of £5,148 million.

     Figures for global priority brands include related ready to drink products, unless otherwise indicated.
     Smirnoff is Diageo’s highest volume brand and achieved sales of 24.2 million equivalent units in the year ended 30 June 2004. Smirnoff is ranked, by volume, as the number one premium vodka and the number two premium spirit brand in the world.
     Johnnie Walker Scotch whiskies comprise Johnnie Walker Red Label, Johnnie Walker Black Label and several other brand variants. During the year ended 30 June 2004, Johnnie Walker Red Label sold 7.5 million equivalent units and was ranked, by volume, as the number one premium Scotch whisky and the number four premium spirit brand in the world. Johnnie Walker Black Label sold 3.8 million equivalent units and the remaining variants sold 0.4 million equivalent units in the year ended 30 June 2004.
     Guinness is the group’s only global priority beer brand, and for the year ended 30 June 2004 achieved volume of 11.6 million equivalent units.
     Baileys, ranked the number one liqueur in the world, sold 6.6 million equivalent units in the year ended 30 June 2004.
     Captain Morgan is ranked as the number two premium rum brand in the world and contributed 6.0 million equivalent units in the year ended 30 June 2004.
     Other global priority brands were also ranked, by volume, among the leading premium distilled spirits brands by Impact. These include: JεB Scotch whisky (comprising JεB Rare, JεB Select, JεB Reserve and JεB Jet), ranked the number two premium Scotch whisky in the world; José Cuervo, ranked the number one premium tequila in the world; and Tanqueray, ranked the number four premium gin brand in the world. During the year ended 30 June 2004, JεB, José Cuervo and Tanqueray sold 6.0 million, 4.2 million and 2.0 million equivalent units, respectively.

 


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Other brands Diageo manages its other brands by category, analysing them between local priority brands and category brands.

     Local priority brands represent the brands, apart from the global priority brands, that make the greatest contribution to operating profit in an individual country, rather than worldwide. Diageo has identified 30 local priority brands. Diageo manages and invests in these brands on a market by market basis and, unlike the global priority brands, may not have a consistent marketing strategy around the world for such brands. For the year ended 30 June 2004, local priority brands contributed volume of 22.7 million equivalent units, representing 19% of premium drinks total volume (in nine litre equivalent units), and turnover of £1,887 million. Examples of local priority brands include Crown Royal Canadian whisky in North America, Windsor Premier whisky in South Korea, Seagram’s VO whisky and Seagram’s 7 Crown whiskey in North America, Cacique rum in Spain, Gordon’s gin in Great Britain, Bundaberg rum in Australia, Bell’s whisky in Great Britain, Smithwick’s ale in Ireland, Budweiser and Carlsberg lagers in Ireland and Sterling Vineyards wines in North America.
     The remaining brands are grouped under category brands. Other spirits achieved volume of 20.9 million equivalent units and contributed £1,176 million to Diageo’s turnover in the year ended 30 June 2004. Examples of category brands are Gordon’s gin (all markets except Great Britain and North America in which it is reported as a local priority brand), Gordon’s vodka, The Classic Malt whiskies and White Horse whisky.
     In the year ended 30 June 2004, Diageo sold 4.1 million equivalent units of other beers, achieving turnover of £386 million. Approximately 65% of other beer volume was attributable to owned brands, such as Harp Irish lager (all markets except Ireland), Kilkenny Irish beer, Malta non-alcoholic stout (all markets except Africa) and Smithwick’s ale (all markets except Ireland). The remainder was attributable to beers brewed and/or sold under licence, Tiger beer in Malaysia and Heineken lager in Jamaica.
     In addition, Diageo produces and markets a wide selection of wines. These include well known labels Sterling Vineyards and Beaulieu Vineyard in the United States, Blossom Hill in the United Kingdom, and Barton & Guestier and Piat D’Or in Europe. For the year ended 30 June 2004, other wine volume was 2.1 million equivalent units, contributing turnover of £294 million.

Production Diageo owns production facilities including maltings, distilleries, breweries, packaging plants, maturation warehouses, cooperages, vineyards and distribution warehouses. Production also occurs at plants owned and operated by third parties and joint ventures at a number of locations internationally.

                         
     Approximately 75% of total production (including third party production) is undertaken in five Diageo production areas, namely the United Kingdom, Baileys, Guinness, Santa Vittoria and North America centres. The majority of these production centres have several production facilities. The locations, principal activities, products, production capacity and production volume in 2004 of these principal production centres are set out in the following table:
                    Production  
            Production     volume in  
            capacity*     2004*  
Production centre   Location   Principal products   million     million  
 
United Kingdom
  United Kingdom   Scotch whisky, gin, vodka,
rum, ready to drink
    58       38  
 
Baileys
  Ireland   Irish cream liqueur, vodka     12       8  
 
Guinness
  Ireland, United Kingdom   Beers, ready to drink     13       10  
 
Santa Vittoria
  Italy   Vodka, wine,
rum, ready to drink
    8       5  
 
North America
  United States, Canada   Vodka, gin, tequila, rum,
Canadian whisky,
American whiskey,
flavored malt beverages,
wine, ready to drink
    75       34  
 
*In equivalent units.

Diageo is currently completing the restructuring of its production operations in Canada to reduce excess capacity following the acquisition of the Seagram spirits and wine businesses, and the associated enforced sale of the Malibu brand. The facility in LaSalle, Quebec (capacity of 10 million equivalent units) is planned to close in the first half of year ending 30 June 2005.

     Spirits are produced in distilleries located worldwide. The principal owned distilleries are 29 whisky distilleries in Scotland, a whisky distillery in Canada and gin distilleries in the United Kingdom and the United States. Diageo produces Smirnoff vodka internationally, Popov vodka and Gordon’s vodka in the United States and Baileys in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. Rum is blended and bottled in the United States, Canada, Italy and the United Kingdom and is distilled, blended and bottled in Australia and Venezuela. All of Diageo’s maturing Scotch whisky is located in warehouses in Scotland.
     Diageo’s principal wineries are in the United States, France and Argentina. Wines are sold both in their local markets and overseas.
     Diageo produces a range of ready to drink products mainly in the United Kingdom, Italy, South Africa, Australia, the United States and Canada.

 


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Diageo’s principal brewing facilities are at the St James’s Gate brewery in Dublin and in Kilkenny, Waterford and Dundalk in the Republic of Ireland, Park Royal in London, England and in Nigeria, Kenya, Malaysia, Jamaica and Cameroon. Ireland is the main export centre for the Guinness brand. In other countries, Guinness is brewed under licence arrangements. Guinness Draught in cans and bottles, which uses an in-container system to replicate the taste of Guinness Draught, is packaged at Runcorn and Belfast in the United Kingdom.

     In April 2004, Diageo announced its intention to close the Park Royal brewery in London, England and further invest in St James’s Gate brewery in Dublin in the Republic of Ireland, to optimise utilisation and reduce ongoing costs. The Park Royal brewery is planned to close in the summer of 2005.

Property, plant and equipment Diageo owns or leases land and buildings throughout the world. The principal production facilities are described above. As at 30 June 2004, Diageo’s land and buildings were included in the group’s consolidated balance sheet under UK GAAP at a net book value of £772 million. Diageo’s largest individual facility, in terms of net book value of property, is St James’s Gate brewery in Dublin. Approximately 98% by value of the group’s properties were owned and approximately 2% are held under leases running for 50 years or longer. Diageo’s properties primarily are a variety of manufacturing, distilling, brewing, bottling and administration facilities spread across the group’s worldwide operations, as well as vineyards in the United States. Approximately 58% and 19% of the book value of Diageo’s land and buildings comprises properties located in the United Kingdom and the United States, respectively.

Raw materials The group has a number of contracts for the forward purchasing of its raw material requirements in order to minimise the effect of raw material price fluctuations. Long term contracts are in place for the purchase of significant raw materials including glass, other packaging, tequila, neutral spirits, cream, rum and grapes. In addition, forward contracts are in place for the purchase of other raw materials including sugar and cereals to minimise the effects of short term price fluctuations.

     Cream is the principal raw material used in the production of Irish cream liqueur and is sourced from Ireland. Grapes are used in the production of wine and are sourced from suppliers in the United States, France and Argentina. Other raw materials purchased in significant quantities for the production of spirits and beer are tequila, neutral spirits, molasses, rum, cereals, sugar and a number of flavours (such as juniper berries, agave, chocolate and herbs). These are sourced from suppliers around the world.
     The majority of products are supplied to customers in glass bottles. Glass is purchased from suppliers located around the world, the principal supplier being the Owens Illinois group.
     On 4 February 2002, Diageo entered into a supply agreement with Casa Cuervo S.A. de C.V., a Mexican company, for the supply of bulk tequila used to make the José Cuervo line of tequilas and tequila drinks in the United States. The supply agreement will expire in June 2013.
     With effect from 1 January 2002, Diageo entered into a long term supply agreement with Destiléria Serrallés, Inc (Serrallés), a Puerto Rico corporation for the supply of rum that is used to make the Captain Morgan line of rums and rum drinks in the United States. The supply agreement will last for 10 years from 2002, with a three year notice requirement coming into effect once the original 10 year term has expired.

Marketing and distribution Diageo is committed to investing in its brands. £1,039 million was spent worldwide on marketing on premium drinks brands in the year ended 30 June 2004. Marketing was focused on the eight global priority brands, which accounted for 68% of total marketing expenditure in the year ended 30 June 2004.

     Diageo has four major markets — North America, Great Britain, Ireland and Spain. In the year ended 30 June 2004, these markets contributed 60% of premium drinks operating profit before exceptional items. In addition, there are 15 key markets which are considered to be individually important, and these contributed 27% of premium drinks operating profit before exceptional items. The remaining geographic markets are reported as venture markets and these accounted for 13% of premium drinks operating profit before exceptional items in the year ended 30 June 2004.
                 
An analysis of turnover and operating profit before exceptional items by market for the year ended 30 June 2004 is as follows:
            Operating profit before  
    Turnover     exceptional items  
    £ million     £ million  
 
Major markets:
               
 
North America
    2,659       694  
 
Great Britain
    1,411       207  
 
Ireland
    961       126  
 
Spain
    454       113  
 
 
    5,485       1,140  
 
Key markets
    2,275       511  
 
Venture markets
    1,131       260  
 
Total premium drinks
    8,891       1,911  
 

 


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North America North America is the largest market for Diageo, and the largest premium drinks market in the world. Throughout 2004, in North America, Diageo marketed its products through 14 business teams or clusters (previously five separate spirits in market companies (IMCs)), Diageo Chateau & Estates Wines (DC&E), Diageo-Guinness USA (DG-USA), a Canadian IMC and a 50% distribution joint venture with Moët Hennessy — Schieffelin & Somerset (S&S). From 1 July 2004 Diageo and Moët Hennessy have agreed to restructure their joint venture arrangements in the United States. Diageo has moved the management of its brands into its existing North American operation, significantly simplifying the management of its full range of products and enhancing its interface with its distributors. These brands include Johnnie Walker, Tanqueray, Tanqueray No. TEN, Cîroc, JεB, Buchanan’s, Pinch, Cardhu and The Six Classic Malts of Scotland — Talisker, Lagavulin, Oban, Glenkinchie, Dalwhinnie and Cragganmore. S&S will become a company dedicated to the brands of Moët Hennessy, Marnier Lapostolle and Ruffino.

     The 14 geographic business units or clusters are managed as three hubs; major states, key states and control states. National brand strategy and strategic accounts marketing are managed at the corporate North America level. The clusters market the majority of Diageo’s spirits portfolio (including Smirnoff vodka, Baileys Irish Cream liqueur, José Cuervo tequila, Captain Morgan rum, Crown Royal Canadian whisky, Seagram’s 7 American whiskey, Seagram’s VO Canadian whisky and, from 1 July 2004, the former Diageo S&S brands) across the United States. DG-USA distributes Diageo’s US beer portfolio (Guinness stout, Harp lager, Kaliber non-alcoholic lager and Red Stripe lager as well as the group’s flavored malt beverages (Smirnoff Ice, Smirnoff Ice Triple Black, and Smirnoff Twisted V). DC&E markets all Diageo’s wine brands (such as Beaulieu Vineyard and Sterling Vineyards) across the United States. The Canada IMC distributes the group’s spirits, wine and beer portfolio across all Canadian territories.
     Within the United States, there are two types of regulatory environments; open states and control states. In open states, spirits companies are allowed to sell spirits, wine and beer directly to independent distributors. In the open states within the United States, Diageo trades through a three tier distribution system, where the product is initially sold to distributors, who then sell it to on and off premise retailers. In some states, such as Texas, Diageo sells its products on premise through a four tier system, whereby Diageo sells to large distributors, which then sell to off premise retailers, and off premise retailers with special Class B licenses sell to on premise retailers. In most control states, Diageo markets its spirits products to state liquor control boards through the bailment warehousing system, and from there to state liquor stores. There are variations, for example certain states control distribution but not retail sales. Generally, wines are treated in the same way as spirits, although some states that are control states for spirits are open states for wines. Beer distribution follows open states regulation across the entire United States. In Canada, spirits distribution laws are similar to those of control states in the United States. In Canada, beer distribution laws are generally similar to those for spirits. Diageo, however, has some licences to direct-deliver keg beer to licensed accounts, which account for approximately 52% of Diageo’s beer business in Canada.
     The completion of the Seagram acquisition provided Diageo with the scale to pursue consolidation of its distributors in a strategy called Next Generation Growth (NGG). Building on the Seagram integration, the strategy focuses on consolidating the distribution of Diageo’s US spirits and wine, S&S and former Seagram brands into a single distributor in each state wherever possible. The strategy provided sufficient economies of scale to support the distributor changes, a consolidated network limiting duplication of activities between Diageo and the distributor, increased Diageo and distributor selling capabilities and employed a number of alternative approaches to optimise product distribution.
     Diageo has made progress with the NGG initiative. During the year ended 30 June 2004, Diageo consolidated its business in additional states bringing the total to 36 states plus Washington DC. These 36 states, together with Washington DC, represent nearly 85% of Diageo’s US spirits and wine volume. Across the United States, Diageo’s distributors and brokers have nearly 2,000 dedicated sales people focused on selling Diageo’s and S&S’s spirits and wines brands. In future, Diageo’s focus will be on helping build the capabilities and selling tools of the distributors’dedicated sales force and creating a more efficient and effective value chain. When all distributors and brokers are resourced to the target level, Diageo expects to have nearly 3,000 people selling its brands.
     In the year ended 30 June 2004, the states of Iowa, Montana, Wyoming, Idaho, Utah, South Dakota and North Dakota were consolidated and negotiations are underway in several additional states. The majority of the remaining states are franchise states that will be consolidated as opportunities arise. As part of the strategy, risk mitigation plans have been developed for each state. These plans identify the financial, sales, marketing and operations activities that must be implemented to move Diageo’s business to a new distributor without significant loss of business. While sales disruptions may occur during the distributor move process, the risk mitigation plans are expected to minimise the sales risk. However, consolidation has given rise, and is likely to continue to give rise, to legal actions, none of which is currently expected to be material to the group.

Great Britain Diageo markets its products in Great Britain via three business units; Diageo GB (spirits, beer and ready to drink), Percy Fox & Co (wines) and Justerini & Brooks Retail (private client wines). Products are distributed both via independent wholesalers and directly to the major grocers, convenience and specialist stores. In the on trade (for example, licensed major bars and restaurants), products are sold through the major brewers, multiple retail groups and smaller regional independent brewers and wholesalers.

     Diageo has the largest brand in Great Britain, by volume, in a number of spirit categories including vodka with Smirnoff, whisky with Bell’s and gin with Gordon’s. Smirnoff and Bell’s are also the top two distilled spirit brands, by volume, in the United Kingdom. Diageo’s wine business in Great Britain is growing, with Blossom Hill recently becoming the largest branded wine by volume. Ready to drink is a relatively new segment in the industry and includes Diageo products such as Smirnoff Ice and Archers Aqua. This sector has provided significant volume and profit growth in recent years but has fallen into decline over the past 18 months.
     Spirits’ sales in Great Britain, particularly in the off trade (such as grocers and specialist stores) show a seasonal spike around the Christmas period, which is particularly true of Baileys. Other products such as Pimm’s are sold predominantly in the summer months.
     The customer base in Great Britain has seen consolidation in recent years both in the on and off trade. In particular, Great Britain now has only four major national grocery stores which together make up over 70% of off trade alcohol sales.

 


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Ireland Ireland, comprising the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland, is an important market for Diageo. The Guinness, Smirnoff and Baileys brands are market leaders in their respective categories of long alcoholic drinks, vodka and cream liqueurs. Budweiser and Carlsberg lagers, also major products in the Diageo portfolio, are brewed and sold under licence in addition to the other local priority brands of Smithwick’s ale and Harp lager. In both countries, Diageo sells and distributes directly to both the on trade and the off trade (for example, retail shops and wholesalers) through a telesales operation, extensive outlet rep callage and third party logistics providers. Diageo brews and packages a range of beers in Ireland for export to the United Kingdom, the United States and other international markets. Diageo also produces Baileys in Ireland for export to all global markets.

Spain Spain is an important Scotch whisky market for Diageo, and Diageo owns two of the top five Scotch whisky brands by volume in Spain, with JεB at number one and Johnnie Walker Red Label at number five. This is Diageo’s most important JεB market, contributing 47% of Diageo’s JεB total volume. With Cacique and Pampero, Diageo Spain leads the dark rum segment, which is the fastest growing segment in Spain. Distribution in Spain is primarily through Diageo’s own distribution company.

Key markets There are 15 key markets. These are markets which make a significant contribution in their own right, but still rely on Diageo’s global functions to support their businesses. Key markets are: Africa (excluding North Africa), Australia/New Zealand, Brazil/Paraguay, Colombia, France, Germany, Greece/Turkey, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, Taiwan, Thailand, Uruguay, Venezuela and Global Duty Free.

     In Latin America, distribution is achieved through a mixture of Diageo companies and third party distributors.
     Africa (excluding North Africa) is one of the longest established and largest markets for the Guinness brand, with the brewing of Guinness Foreign Extra Stout in a number of African countries either through subsidiaries or under licence. Diageo has recently entered into a three way joint venture with Heineken and Namibia Breweries Limited in southern Africa, has a wholly owned subsidiary in Cameroon and also has majority owned subsidiaries in Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya, Uganda, Réunion and the Seychelles. In Ghana, the strategic rationale arising from the ongoing transaction which aims to amalgamate the Diageo (Guinness Ghana Limited) and Heineken (Ghana Breweries Limited) businesses is to achieve a number of commercial and operational synergy benefits.
     Global Duty Free is Diageo’s sales and marketing organisation which targets the international duty free consumer in duty free outlets such as airport shops, airlines and ferries around the world. The global nature of this organisation allows a co-ordinated approach to brand building initiatives and builds on shopper insights in this trade channel where consumer behaviour tends to be different from domestic markets.
     In European key markets, Diageo distributes its spirits brands primarily through its own distribution companies. However, in France, Diageo sells its spirits and wine products through a joint arrangement with Moët Hennessy, and its beer products through Interbrew.
     In Thailand, Japan and Taiwan Diageo distributes its spirits and wine brands through joint arrangements with Moët Hennessy. In Australia, Diageo has its own distribution company and also has licensed brewing arrangements with Carlton-United Breweries, while in New Zealand it operates through third party distributors and has licensed brewing arrangements with Lion Nathan. In South Korea, Diageo’s own distribution company distributes the majority of Diageo’s brands. The remaining brands are distributed through third party distributors. In Japan, Guinness is distributed through an associated company of the group.
     Generally the remaining markets are served by third party distribution networks monitored by regional offices.

Venture markets Venture markets comprise all other markets, including the Middle East, North Africa, Jamaica, Central America, the Caribbean and the Southern Cone, Canaries, Portugal, Belgium, Netherlands, the Nordics, Italy, Switzerland, Poland, Russia, Singapore, Indonesia, Philippines and Malaysia. In these markets there is a focus on fewer brands and lean but flexible organisation structures are deployed whilst global best practices in areas such as consumer marketing, customer management and people development are applied.

     In the European venture markets, Diageo distributes its brands primarily through its own distribution companies. In Asia Pacific, Diageo works with a number of joint venture partners. For Diageo’s spirits and wine brands, the most significant of these is Moët Hennessy with operations in Malaysia, Singapore, China and Hong Kong. In Malaysia and Singapore, Diageo’s own and third party beers are brewed and distributed through Diageo’s business with Asia Pacific Breweries Limited. In addition, Diageo owns a controlling interest in Desnoes & Geddes Limited, the Jamaican local brewer of Red Stripe lager. In general, the remaining markets are served by third party distribution networks controlled by regional offices.

Seasonal impacts Christmas provides the peak period for premium drinks sales. Historically, approximately 30% of premium drinks sales volume occurs in the last three months of each calendar year.

 


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Employees Releasing the potential of every employee is one of Diageo’s core strategic imperatives. The focus is on accessing the very best possible talent, from the widest possible talent pools, to provide the ideas, innovation and performance outcomes necessary to achieve the company’s ambitions for itself and its stakeholders. This is achieved by placing employees in working environments which truly inspire their performance and development. Employee policies are designed to support these goals and to do so in a manner that is fair and equitable to all. These policies take account of external legislation and internal codes of conduct, as well as Diageo’s values as an organisation.

     Diageo is a multicultural community operating in an increasingly diverse business world and is committed to active inclusion and diversity practices. A focus on talent is at the heart of Diageo’s organisation and people strategy, and Diageo invests in the growth and development of its people in order to contribute directly to business performance. Regular organisation and people reviews are carried out to review progress against locally calibrated plans for implementation of the organisation and people strategy, including progress against local capability development and training plans. The group offers people with disability the same opportunities for employment, training and career progression as other employees, having regard to each applicant’s particular aptitude and ability.
     The compensation packages provided for employees are continuously benchmarked against other relevant employers in all markets in which Diageo operates, to ensure that employees’contributions are recognised and to reflect the value of the roles they perform. The compensation and benefits packages are designed to attract and retain talented people, whilst offering, where practicable, flexibility of choice from a range of options.
     Diageo is committed to the safety and wellbeing of employees at work. It promotes responsible drinking behaviour among all its people. Diageo is committed to open and continuous dialogue with its employees as a way to inform and engage them in the group’s strategy and business goals, as well as harnessing the ideas employees will have on improving broad areas of business performance. Diageo is also committed to honouring its obligations to consult openly and regularly with employee representative forums and/or trade unions where appropriate. There is a strong communications culture, and Diageo attempts to foster a sense of pride in employees working for Diageo through a wide range of communication methods across the business. Each senior manager is responsible for supporting the Diageo executive and the senior leadership community in delivering against communication and employee engagement goals. The group has an intranet web site from which employees with access to a computer can obtain timely and accurate news and information.
                                                                         
Diageo’s average number of employees during each of the three years ended 30 June 2004 was as follows:
    2004     2003     2002  
    Full time     Part time     Total     Full time     Part time     Total     Full time     Part time     Total  
 
Premium drinks
    22,548       1,172       23,720       23,427       1,134       24,561       22,841       1,078       23,919  
 
Discontinued operations
                      8,965       5,429       14,394       25,734       12,471       38,205  
 
 
    22,548       1,172       23,720       32,392       6,563       38,955       48,575       13,549       62,124  
 
Premium drinks includes ex-Seagram employees from 21 December 2001. Discontinued operations include employees for the quick service restaurants business prior to 13 December 2002 and packaged food prior to 30 October 2001, reflecting the periods in which the group owned those businesses.

Competition Diageo competes on the basis of consumer loyalty, quality and price.

     In spirits and wine, Diageo’s major global competitors are Allied Domecq, Pernod Ricard, Bacardi and Brown-Forman, each of which has several brands that compete directly with Diageo brands. Diageo believes, based on its analysis of data compiled by Impact, that Diageo and these four other major international companies account for approximately 62% of the volume of the top 100 premium distilled spirits in the world. In addition, Diageo faces competition from local and regional companies in the countries in which it operates.
     In beer, the Guinness brand competes in the overall beer market with its key competitors varying by market. These include Heineken in Ireland and both Heineken and SAB Miller in several markets in Africa, Coors Brewing (Carling) in the United Kingdom and Carlsberg in Malaysia.
     Diageo aims to maintain and improve its market position by enhancing the consumer appeal of its brands through consistent high investment in marketing support focused around the eight global priority brands. Diageo makes extensive use of magazine, newspaper, point of sale and poster and billboard advertising, and uses radio, cinema and television advertising where appropriate and permitted by law. Diageo also runs consumer promotional programmes in the on trade (for example, licensed bars and restaurants).

Research and development The overall nature of the group’s business does not demand substantial expenditure on research and development. However, the group has ongoing programmes for developing new drinks products. In the year ended 30 June 2004, the group’s research and development expenditure amounted to £11 million (2003 — £15 million; 2002 — £28 million). Research and development expenditure is written off in the year in which it is incurred.

Trademarks Diageo produces and distributes branded goods and is therefore substantially dependent on the maintenance and protection of its trademarks. All brand names mentioned in this document are trademarks. The group also holds numerous licences and trade secrets, as well as having substantial trade knowledge related to its products. The group believes that its significant trademarks are registered and/or otherwise protected (insofar as legal protections are available) in all material respects in its most important markets.

Regulations and taxes In the United States, the beverage alcohol industry is subject to strict federal and state government regulations covering virtually every aspect of its operations, including production, marketing, sales, distribution, pricing, labelling, packaging and advertising.

 


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Spirits, wine and beer are subject to national import and excise duties in many markets around the world. Most countries impose excise duties on beverage alcohol products, although the form of such taxation varies significantly from a simple application to units of alcohol by volume, to advanced systems based on imported or wholesale value of the product. Several countries impose additional import duty on distilled spirits, often discriminating between categories (such as Scotch whisky or bourbon) in the rate of such tariffs. Within the European Union, such products are subject to different rates of excise duty in each country, but within an overall European Union framework, there are minimum rates of excise duties that can be applied.

     Import and excise duties can have a significant impact on the final pricing of Diageo’s products to consumers. These duties have an impact on the competitive position versus other brands. The group devotes resources to encouraging the equitable taxation treatment of all beverage alcohol categories and to reducing government-imposed barriers to fair trading.
     Advertising, marketing and sales of alcohol are subject to various restrictions in markets around the world. These range from a complete prohibition of alcohol in certain countries and cultures, through the prohibition of the import of spirits, wine and beer, to restrictions on the advertising style, media and messages used. In a number of countries, television is a prohibited medium for spirits brands, through regulation, and in other countries, television advertising, while permitted, is carefully regulated.
     Spirits, wine and beer are also regulated in distribution. In many countries, alcohol may only be sold through licensed outlets, both on and off premise, varying from government or state operated monopoly outlets (for example, Canada, Norway, and certain US states) to the common system of licensed on premise outlets (for example, licensed bars and restaurants) which prevails in much of the western world (for example, most US states and the European Union). In about one-third of the states in the United States, price changes must be filed or published 30 days to three months, depending on the state, before they become effective.
     Labelling of beverage alcohol products is also regulated in many markets, varying from health warning labels to importer identification, alcohol strength and other consumer information. Specific warning statements related to the risks of drinking beverage alcohol products are required to be included on all beverage alcohol products sold in the United States. Following the end of the voluntary restrictions on television advertising of spirits in the United States, Diageo and other spirits companies have been advertising products on the air on local cable television stations. Expressions of political concern signify the uncertain future of beverage alcohol products advertising on network television in the United States. Further requirements for warning statements and any prohibitions on advertising and marketing could have an adverse impact on sales of the group.
     In addition, indications that regulatory bodies in the United States may change standards regarding the alcohol content and proper categorisation of flavored malt beverages such as Smirnoff Ice could have an adverse impact on the sales of the group. Regulatory decisions and changes in the legal and regulatory environment could increase Diageo’s costs and liabilities or impact its business activities.

Business services Diageo has committed to re-engineer its key business activities with customers, consumers, suppliers and the processes that summarise and report financial performance. In that regard, global processes are being designed, built and implemented across a number of markets and global supply.

     A new business service centre in Budapest, Hungary opened in April 2002 and now performs various process tasks for Great Britain, Ireland, Canaries, Switzerland, Benelux, Global Duty Free and Guinness supply. Additional markets and supply entities are scheduled to transfer to Budapest during the next few years.

Associates Diageo’s principal associate in the premium drinks segment is Moët Hennessy. It also owns shares in a number of other associates. In the year ended 30 June 2004, premium drinks share of profits of associates before interest, exceptional items and tax was £193 million, of which Moët Hennessy accounted for £176 million.

Moët Hennessy Diageo owns 34% of Moët Hennessy, the spirits and wine subsidiary of LVMH Moët Hennessy-Louis Vuitton SA (LVMH). LVMH is based in France and is listed on the Paris Stock Exchange. Moët Hennessy is also based in France and is a producer and exporter of a number of brands in its main business areas of champagne and cognac. Its principal products include champagne brands, Moët & Chandon (including Dom Pérignon), Veuve Clicquot and Mercier, all of which are included in the top 10 champagne brands worldwide by volume, and Hennessy which is the top cognac brand worldwide by volume.

     Since 1987, a number of joint distribution arrangements have been established with LVMH, principally covering distribution of Diageo’s premium brands of Scotch whisky and gin and Moët Hennessy’s premium champagne and cognac brands in the Asia Pacific region and France. Diageo and LVMH have each undertaken not to engage in any champagne or cognac activities competing with those of Moët Hennessy. The arrangements also contain certain provisions for the protection of Diageo as a minority shareholder in Moët Hennessy. The operations of Moët Hennessy in France and the United States were conducted during the year ended 30 June 2004 through a partnership in which Diageo has a 34% interest. As a partner, Diageo pays any tax due on the results of the partnership to the tax authorities.

Acquisitions and disposals/termination of businesses and distribution rights Diageo has made a number of strategic acquisitions and disposals of brands, distribution rights and equity interests in premium drinks businesses.

Seagram On 21 December 2001, Diageo and Pernod Ricard completed the acquisition of the Seagram spirits and wine businesses from Vivendi for $8.15 billion (£5.62 billion) in cash, subject to certain debt, working capital and other adjustments. Diageo’s share of the purchase price after adjustments was £3.7 billion.

     The transaction was structured such that each of Diageo and Pernod Ricard acquired certain businesses and related assets for integration into their respective global premium drinks businesses, with other businesses and related assets being acquired and held jointly pending their disposal. The spirits and wine businesses comprised a number of separate legal entities and assets which were acquired by either Diageo, Pernod Ricard, or both parties jointly, but the effect was that the purchase consideration was funded in the overall proportions of 60.9% and 39.1% between Diageo and Pernod Ricard, respectively.

 


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Diageo has accounted for the transaction as an acquisition, reflecting profits and losses arising from those businesses and related assets acquired for its own use, consolidated from the acquisition date. For those businesses and assets acquired and/or held jointly pending their disposal (disposal assets), Diageo and Pernod Ricard shared the net proceeds of disposal in the proportion 60.9% and 39.1% respectively. The disposals of these businesses were substantially completed within 12 months of the original acquisition.

     The sales of the largest disposal assets were achieved in the year ended 30 June 2002. These included the UK based off-licence chain Oddbins to the Castel Frères Group of France; the Four Roses bourbon business to Kirin Brewery Co, Ltd of Japan; the Mumm Sekt sparkling wine business to Rotkäppchen Sektkellerei GmbH & Co KG of Germany; the Seagram’s Mixers business to The Coca-Cola Company; the Sandeman port and sherry business to Sograp Holding SGPS SA of Portugal; and the Mumm Cuvée Napa sparkling wine business to Allied Domecq. In the year ended 30 June 2003, a number of smaller disposals were made, including Maschio sparkling wines and OVD, Woods and VAT 19 rums. Diageo’s share of net cash proceeds received totalled £268 million and was accounted for in the two years ended 30 June 2003.

Other In September 2002, Diageo announced that it would relinquish its 1998 US Importation and Distribution Agreement rights for Bass Ale to Bass’ parent company, Interbrew, effective 30 June 2003 for a consideration of $105 million (£69 million). Under the 1998 agreement, Diageo had the right to continue selling and marketing the brand in the United States until July 2016. The consideration included $10 million as a contribution to inventory management costs during the year ended 30 June 2003, and this element of the consideration has been accounted for as operating income. The balance of the consideration, net of provisions and legal expenses, of £57 million has been accounted for as an exceptional operating item in the year ended 30 June 2003.

     In December 2002, East African Breweries Limited (EABL), a Diageo subsidiary, acquired 20% of the issued share capital of Tanzania Breweries Limited from SABMiller Africa in exchange for 20% of the issued share capital of Kenya Breweries Limited. EABL also disposed its entire holding of shares in Kibo Breweries Limited and acquired Castle Brewing Kenya Limited.
     Diageo’s distribution rights in relation to certain Brown-Forman brands, including Jack Daniels and Southern Comfort in the United Kingdom, terminated on 1 August 2002. In the year ended 30 June 2002, these brands contributed £14 million to operating profit. On 15 August 2003 it was announced that Diageo and Brown-Forman had resolved their dispute over the termination of these rights. Diageo subsequently received £9 million as settlement.
     In May 2002, Diageo completed the disposal of the Malibu brand to Allied Domecq for a consideration of £554 million. The disposal of Malibu was a condition for obtaining regulatory clearance for the acquisition of the Seagram spirits and wine businesses.
     In May 2002, Diageo disposed of the Glen Ellen and MG Vallejo wines to a company managed by The Wine Group, Inc. for a consideration of $83 million (£53 million).
     On 5 February 2002, Diageo and José Cuervo SA (José Cuervo) agreed to terminate their litigation in respect of a change of control issue which José Cuervo claimed arose as a result of the merger of GrandMet and Guinness, and new arrangements were formalised for the distribution rights for the José Cuervo brand in the United States. These arrangements now extend to 2013. The settlement in favour of José Cuervo included the return of Diageo’s 45% equity stake it held in José Cuervo and a net cash payment of £85 million. Diageo and José Cuervo also agreed to terminate José Cuervo’s distribution of certain Diageo brands in Mexico and for José Cuervo to transfer to Diageo its 49% interest in the Smirnoff trademark in Mexico. The settlement resulted in a charge before taxes of £220 million to exceptional items in the profit and loss account for the year ended 30 June 2002, and a reduction in operating profit of £8 million in the period ended 30 June 2002. Further, effective 1 October 2002, the distribution rights to José Cuervo 1800 were transferred to a third party. José Cuervo 1800 contributed £13 million to operating profit in the year ended 30 June 2002.
     In September 2001, Diageo disposed of its Croft and Delaforce port and sherry businesses to a consortium of Gonzalez Byass S.A. and Taylor Fonseca S.A. for a consideration of 82 million (£50 million).
     In July 2001, Diageo disposed of its Guinness World Records business to Gullane Entertainment plc for £50 million.

Other businesses

General Mills, Inc Following the disposal of Pillsbury and a subsequent sale of shares in General Mills, the group holds an equity stake of 79 million ordinary shares (21%) in General Mills. The following business description is based on publicly available information about General Mills filed with the SEC. General Mills is a global consumer foods company based in the United States. General Mills owns a number of brand names and its primary objective is to build the equity of these brands with strong consumer directed advertising and innovative merchandising. The principal businesses owned by General Mills are Big G ready-to-eat cereals, Betty Crocker dessert, baking, dinner mix and snack products, Yoplait and Colombo yoghurt and former Pillsbury brands such as Pillsbury’s refrigerated dough and other dough based goods, Old El Paso Mexican foods, Progresso soups, Green Giant vegetables and a foodservice business.

     During the year ended 30 June 2004, the equity stake contributed £258 million to share of profits of associates before exceptional items, £7 million to exceptional items, £59 million to interest expense and £66 million to tax expense. During the year ended 30 June 2004 the group received dividends of £50 million from General Mills.
     General Mills has options to purchase 29 million of Diageo’s holding of General Mills ordinary shares for $51.56 per share until 28 October 2005, subject to certain limitations.
     On 23 June 2004, General Mills filed a registration statement with the SEC that included 49,907,680 shares of General Mills owned by Diageo. General Mills has informed Diageo that on 20 September 2004 the registration statement was declared effective by the SEC. Diageo remains committed to selling its stake in General Mills subject to market conditions.

 


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On 23 June 2004, Paul Walsh, CEO of Diageo plc, and John M Keenan, a Diageo plc designated representative, resigned from the General Mills board. In addition, Diageo and General Mills amended the stockholders agreement to permanently eliminate Diageo’s right to board representation. As a result, Diageo ceased to equity account for its share of the results of General Mills from that date and will, in the year ending 30 June 2005, only recognise the dividends received from General Mills in its profit and loss account. In the year ended 30 June 2004 dividends amounting to £50 million were received from General Mills.

Discontinued operations

Quick service restaurants Diageo completed the disposal of Burger King on 13 December 2002. See ‘Operating and financial review — Off-balance sheet arrangements’. Burger King is a leading company in the worldwide quick service restaurant industry. In the year ended 30 June 2003, Burger King contributed turnover of £479 million and operating profit of £53 million to Diageo.

Packaged food Diageo completed the disposal of Pillsbury to General Mills on 31 October 2001. Pillsbury contributed turnover of £1,455 million and operating profit before exceptional items of £177 million in the year ended 30 June 2002. As a division of Diageo, Pillsbury produced and distributed leading food brands including Pillsbury’s refrigerated dough and other dough based goods, Old El Paso Mexican foods, Progresso soups, Green Giant vegetables and Häagen-Dazs ice cream, and, in addition, operated a foodservice business.

     In connection with the disposal of Pillsbury, Diageo has guaranteed the debt of a third party up to an amount of $200 million (£110 million).

Recent developments

On 8 September 2004 Diageo announced that from 1 October 2004 it has created a new pan-regional organisation comprising Diageo North America, Diageo Europe and Diageo International. North America will continue to comprise the United States and Canada. The newly created Diageo Europe will cover all European countries and territories, including Russia. Diageo International will bring together Africa, Asia Pacific and the Latin American groups of markets. In addition, the company announced the following changes to its Executive Committee and management structure, effective 1 October 2004. Andrew Morgan has been appointed President, Diageo Europe; Stuart Fletcher has been appointed President, Diageo International and Nick Rose will take responsibility for Global Supply and information systems, in addition to his existing role as chief financial officer. It was also confirmed that Ian Meakins will leave the company on 31 October 2004.

     In the period 1 July 2004 to 16 September 2004 the company bought back for cancellation a further 3.7 million ordinary shares at a cost of £26 million.

Risk factors

Diageo faces competition that may reduce its market share and margins Diageo faces competition from several international companies as well as local and regional companies in the countries in which it operates. Diageo competes with drinks companies across a wide range of consumer drinking occasions. Within a number of categories, consolidation or realignment is taking place. Consolidation is also taking place amongst Diageo’s customers in many countries. Increased competition and unanticipated actions by competitors or customers could lead to downward pressure on prices and/or a decline in Diageo’s market share in any of these categories, which would adversely affect Diageo’s results and hinder its growth potential.

Diageo may not be able to derive the expected benefits from its strategy to focus on premium drinks or its change and cost-saving programmes designed to enhance earnings On 17 July 2000, Diageo announced the integration of its spirits, wine and beer businesses to create a premium drinks business as part of an integrated strategy to be a focused premium drinks company. In line with this strategy, Diageo acquired certain of the Seagram spirits and wine businesses on 21 December 2001. There can be no assurance that Diageo’s strategic focus on premium drinks will result in better opportunities for growth and improved margins.

     It is possible that the pursuit of this strategic focus on premium drinks could give rise to further acquisitions. There can be no guarantee that any such acquisition would deliver the benefits intended.

Systems change programmes may not deliver the benefits intended and systems failures could lead to business disruption Certain change programmes have been undertaken (especially in the United States, Ireland and Great Britain) designed to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of end-to-end operating, administrative and financial systems and processes. This includes moving transaction processing from a number of markets to shared service centres. There can be no certainty that these programmes will deliver the expected benefits. There is likely to be disruption caused to production processes and possibly to administrative and financial systems as further changes to such processes are effected. They could also lead to adverse customer or consumer reaction. Any failure of information systems could adversely impact Diageo’s ability to operate. As with all large systems, Diageo’s information systems could be penetrated by outside parties intent on extracting information, corrupting information or disrupting business processes. Such unauthorised access could disrupt Diageo’s business and/or lead to loss of assets.

Regulatory decisions and changes in the legal and regulatory environment could increase Diageo’s costs and liabilities or limit its business activities Diageo’s operations are subject to extensive regulatory requirements regarding production, product liability, distribution, marketing, labelling, advertising and labour and environmental issues. Changes in laws, regulations or governmental policy, could cause Diageo to incur material additional costs or liabilities that could adversely affect its business. In particular, governmental bodies in countries where Diageo operates may impose new labelling, product or production requirements, limitations on the advertising activities used to market beverage alcohol, restrictions on retail outlets or other restrictions on marketing and distribution. Regulatory authorities under whose laws Diageo operates may also have enforcement power that can subject the group to actions such as product recall, seizure of products or other sanctions, which could have an adverse effect on its sales or damage its reputation.

     In addition, beverage alcohol products are the subject of national import and excise duties in most countries around the world. An increase in import or excise duties could have a significant adverse effect on Diageo’s sales revenue or margin, both through reducing overall consumption and by encouraging consumers to switch to lower-taxed categories of beverage alcohol.
     Companies in the beverage alcohol industry are, from time to time, exposed to class action or other litigation relating to alcohol advertising, alcohol abuse problems or health consequences from the misuse of alcohol. If such litigation resulted in fines, damages or reputational damage to Diageo or its brands, Diageo’s business could be materially adversely affected.

 


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US regulatory authorities are considering possible changes to the regulation of flavored malt beverages. Discussions are taking place in respect of possible rule changes related to the alcohol content in flavored malt beverages. Revised rules could result in changes in the methods by which Diageo currently produces flavored malt beverages and therefore increase the costs of production and/or distribution of these products. In addition, possible regulatory changes could impose adverse federal tax consequences on the import and sale of flavored malt beverages. Flavored malt beverages form a component of Diageo’s growth strategy within the United States and it is possible that the implementation of any regulatory changes by the US authorities could have an adverse effect on Diageo’s future profitability.

     Diageo’s reported after tax income is calculated based on extensive tax and accounting requirements in each of its relevant jurisdictions of operation. Changes in tax law (including tax rates), accounting policies and accounting standards could materially reduce Diageo’s reported after tax income.

Demand for Diageo’s products may be adversely affected by changes in consumer preferences and tastes Diageo’s portfolio includes certain of the world’s leading beverage alcohol brands as well as brands of local prominence. Maintaining Diageo’s competitive position depends on its continued ability to offer products that have a strong appeal to consumers. Consumer preferences may shift due to a variety of factors, including changes in demographic and social trends, changes in travel, vacation or leisure activity patterns and a downturn in economic conditions, which may reduce consumers’ willingness to purchase premium branded products. In addition, concerns about health effects due to negative publicity regarding alcohol consumption, negative dietary effects, regulatory action or any litigation or customer complaints against companies in the industry may have an adverse effect on Diageo’s profitability.

     The competitive position of Diageo’s brands could also be affected adversely by any failure to achieve consistent, reliable quality in the product or service levels to customers.
     In addition, both the launch and ongoing success of new products is inherently uncertain especially as to their appeal to consumers; the failure to launch a new product successfully can give rise to inventory write offs and other costs and can affect consumer perception of an existing brand. Growth in Diageo’s business has been based on both the launch of new products and the growth of existing products. Product innovation remains a significant aspect of Diageo’s plans for growth. There can be no assurance as to Diageo’s continuing ability to develop and launch successful new products or variants of existing products or as to the profitable lifespan of newly or recently developed products.
     Any significant changes in consumer preferences and failure to anticipate and react to such changes could result in reduced demand for Diageo’s products and erosion of its competitive and financial position.

If the social acceptability of Diageo’s products declines, or if the litigation directed at the beverage alcohol industry were to succeed, Diageo’s sales volume could decrease and the business could be materially adversely affected In recent years, there has been increased social and political attention directed to the beverage alcohol industry. Diageo believes that this attention is the result of public concern over problems related to alcohol abuse, including drink driving, underage drinking and health consequences from the misuse of alcohol. If, as a result, the general social acceptability of beverage alcohol were to decline significantly, sales of Diageo’s products could materially decrease.

     Five putative class actions have been filed against Diageo, Diageo North America, Inc, Paddington, Ltd and a large group of other beverage alcohol manufacturers and importers. Four of the actions are now pending in US federal district courts — two in Ohio, one in North Carolina and one in the District of Columbia. The fifth action is pending in Colorado state court. In each action, plaintiffs allege that defendants have intentionally targeted the marketing of certain beverage alcohol brands to minors. The named plaintiffs seek to pursue their claims on behalf of two classes of plaintiffs — (i) parents or guardians of underage drinkers who bought alcohol beverages during the period from 1982 to the present and (ii) all parents and guardians of children currently under age 21.
     Plaintiffs allege several causes of action, including violations of state consumer protection laws, unjust enrichment, negligence and civil conspiracy. The complaints seek money damages (including fines, punitive damages and disgorgement of profits) and injunctions against the alleged targeting of minors in advertising.
     Diageo North America and the other US defendants have moved to dismiss the complaints in Ohio, North Carolina and Colorado. Plaintiffs have not yet responded to these motions. Diageo and other foreign defendants did not join in these motions because of outstanding objections to personal jurisdiction. In the District of Columbia case, the Beer Institute Inc. moved to dismiss the complaint on 23 December 2003. Briefing has been completed, but the court has not yet ruled. Diageo, Diageo North America and the other defendants must respond to the complaint within 30 days of the issuance of a decision on the Beer Institute’s motion to dismiss.
     Diageo intends to strenuously defend these putative class actions.

Diageo’s operating results may be adversely affected by increased costs or shortages of raw materials or labour or disruption to production facilities The raw materials which Diageo uses for the production of its beverage products are largely commodities that are subject to price volatility caused by changes in global supply and demand, weather conditions, agricultural uncertainty or governmental controls. If commodity price changes result in unexpected increases in raw materials cost or the cost of packaging materials, Diageo may not be able to increase its prices to offset these increased costs without suffering reduced volume, revenue and operating income. Diageo may be adversely affected by shortages of such raw materials or packaging materials.

     Similarly, Diageo’s operating results could be adversely affected by labour or skill shortages or increased labour costs due to increased competition for employees, higher employee turnover or increased employee benefit costs. Diageo’s success is dependent on the capability of its employees. There is no guarantee that Diageo will continue to be able to recruit, retain and develop the capabilities that it requires to deliver its strategy, for example in relation to sales, marketing and innovation capability within markets or in its senior management.
     Diageo would be affected if there were a catastrophic failure of its major production facilities. See ‘Business description — Premium drinks — Production’ for details of Diageo’s principal production areas. In addition, the maintenance and development of information systems may result in systems failures which may adversely affect business operations.
     Diageo has a substantial inventory of aged product categories, principally Scotch whisky and Canadian whisky, which mature over periods of up to 30 years. As at 30 June 2004, the historical cost of Diageo’s maturing inventory amounted to £1,499 million. The maturing

 


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inventory is stored primarily in Scotland, and the loss through contamination, fire or other natural disaster of all or a portion of the stock of any one of those aged product categories could result in a significant reduction in supply of those products, and consequently, Diageo would not be able to meet consumer demand for these products as it arises. In addition, there can be no assurance that insurance proceeds would cover the replacement value of Diageo’s maturing inventory or other assets were such assets to be lost due to contamination, fire or natural disasters or destruction resulting from negligence or the acts of third parties.

Diageo’s business may be adversely impacted by unfavourable economic conditions or political or other developments and risks in the countries in which it operates Diageo’s business is dependent on general economic conditions in the United States, Great Britain and other important markets. A significant deterioration in these conditions, including a reduction in consumer spending levels, could have a material adverse effect on Diageo’s business and results of operations. In addition, Diageo may be adversely affected by political and economic developments in any of the countries where Diageo has distribution networks, production facilities or marketing companies. Diageo’s operations are also subject to a variety of other risks and uncertainties related to trading in numerous foreign countries, including political or economic upheaval and the imposition of any import, investment or currency restrictions, including tariffs and import quotas or any restrictions on the repatriation of earnings and capital. Current examples of such potential upheaval are currency restrictions and potential further disruption to movement of goods into and out of Venezuela, affecting both imports of goods (principally Scotch whisky into Venezuela) and export of rum (Cacique, especially to Spain), unrest in the Middle East, and the impact on tourism and travel of both terrorist threats and ongoing fears of global pandemics, such as SARS. These disruptions can affect Diageo’s ability to import or export products and to repatriate funds, as well as affecting the levels of consumer demand (for example in duty free outlets at airports or in on trade premises in affected regions) and therefore Diageo’s levels of sales or profitability.

     Part of Diageo’s growth strategy includes expanding its business in certain countries where consumer spending in general, and spending on Diageo’s products in particular has not historically been as great but where there are prospects for growth. There is no guarantee that this strategy will be successful and some of the markets represent a higher risk in terms of their changing regulatory environments and higher degree of uncertainty over levels of consumer spending.
     Diageo may also be adversely affected by movements in the value of, and returns from, the investments held by its pension funds.
     Diageo may be adversely affected by fluctuations in exchange rates. The results of operations of Diageo are accounted for in pounds sterling. Approximately 30% of sales in the year ended 30 June 2004 were in US dollars, approximately 25% were in sterling and approximately 22% were in euros. Movements in exchange rates used to translate foreign currencies into pounds sterling may have a significant impact on Diageo’s reported results of operations from year to year.
     Diageo may also be adversely impacted by fluctuations in interest rates, mainly through an increased interest expense. To partly delay any adverse impact from interest rate movements, the profile of fixed rate to floating rate net borrowings is maintained according to the duration measure that is equivalent to an approximate 50% fixed and 50% floating amortising profile. See ‘Operating and financial review — Risk management’.

Diageo’s premium drinks operations may be adversely affected by failure to renegotiate distribution and manufacturing rights on favourable terms Diageo’s premium drinks business has a number of distribution agreements for brands owned by it or by other companies. These agreements vary depending on the particular brand, but tend to be for a fixed number of years. There can be no assurance that Diageo will be able to renegotiate distribution rights on favourable terms when they expire or that agreements will not be terminated. Failure to renew distribution agreements on favourable terms could have an adverse impact on Diageo’s revenues and operating income. In addition, Diageo’s sales may be adversely affected by any disputes with distributors of its products.

Diageo may not be able to protect its intellectual property rights Given the importance of brand recognition to its business, Diageo has invested considerable effort in protecting its intellectual property rights, including trademark registration and domain names. Diageo’s patents cover some of its process technology, including some aspects of its bottle marking technology. Diageo also uses security measures and agreements to protect its confidential information. However, Diageo cannot be certain that the steps it has taken will be sufficient or that third parties will not infringe on or misappropriate its intellectual property rights. Moreover, some of the countries in which Diageo operates offer less intellectual property protection than Europe or North America. Given the attractiveness of Diageo’s brands to consumers, it is not uncommon for counterfeit products to be manufactured. Diageo cannot be certain that the steps it takes to prevent, detect and eliminate counterfeit products will be effective in preventing material loss of profits or erosion of brand equity resulting from lower quality or even dangerous counterfeit product reaching the market. If Diageo is unable to protect its intellectual property rights against infringement or misappropriation, this could materially harm its future financial results and ability to develop its business.

Diageo remains exposed to factors affecting the US food industry While Diageo’s strategy is to focus on premium drinks, it remains exposed to factors affecting the US food industry through its equity interest in General Mills and its residual exposure to Burger King. Following the disposal of Pillsbury to General Mills, Diageo now holds approximately 21% of General Mills’outstanding share capital. The market value of this interest may be affected adversely by a variety of factors, including the performance of General Mills and the extent to which that performance meets investors’ expectations, economic conditions in the United States, including the US financial markets, and the dilution of Diageo’s holding as a result of future issues of shares by General Mills. On 15 October 2003, General Mills announced that it had received a formal request from the US Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) concerning its sales practices and related accounting. General Mills stated that the SEC had advised the company that it had not reached any conclusions related to the information request. See ‘Business description — other businesses’.

     In connection with the disposal of Burger King, Diageo retained $213 million (£117 million) of subordinated debt, with a 10 year maturity, from the entity owning Burger King. In addition, Diageo has guaranteed up to $850 million (£467 million) of borrowings of the Burger King company. These loans have a term of five years although Diageo and Burger King have structured their arrangements to encourage

 


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19 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Business description

refinancing by Burger King on a non-guaranteed basis prior to the end of the five years. There are no assurances, however, that such refinancing will occur or that no liability will arise with respect to the financing of the Burger King disposal. Both General Mills and Burger King may also be subject to factors affecting the food industry generally, including increased competition, changes in consumer preferences and concerns over obesity and the potential for related litigation or regulation. These factors could also affect Diageo’s ability over time to reduce its equity interest in, or affect the price it receives for, General Mills shares. They could also result in Diageo not fully recovering the book value of its subordinated debt due from Burger King and/or having to make payments under the guarantee of Burger King’s debt.

It may be difficult to effect service of US process and enforce US legal process against the directors of Diageo Diageo is a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales. The majority of Diageo’s directors and officers, and some of the experts named in this document, reside outside of the United States, principally in the United Kingdom. A substantial portion of Diageo’s assets, and the assets of such persons are located outside of the United States. Therefore, it may not be possible to effect service of process within the United States upon Diageo or these persons in order to enforce judgements of US courts against Diageo or these persons based on the civil liability provisions of the US Federal Securities laws. There is doubt as to the enforceability in England and Wales, in original actions or in actions for enforcement of judgements of US courts, of civil liabilities solely based on the US Federal Securities laws.

Cautionary statement concerning forward-looking statements

This document contains statements with respect to the financial condition, results of operations and business of Diageo and certain of the plans and objectives of Diageo with respect to these items. These forward-looking statements are made pursuant to the ‘Safe Harbor’ provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In particular, all statements that express forecasts, expectations and projections with respect to future matters, including trends in results of operations, margins, growth rates, overall market trends, the impact of interest or exchange rates, the availability of financing to Diageo and parties or consortia who have purchased Diageo’s assets, actions of parties or consortia who have purchased Diageo’s assets, anticipated cost savings or synergy and the completion of Diageo’s strategic transactions, are forward-looking statements. By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risk and uncertainty because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that will occur in the future. There are a number of factors that could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements, including factors that are outside Diageo’s control.

These factors include, but are not limited to:

  increased competitive product and pricing pressures and unanticipated actions by competitors that could impact Diageo’s market share, increase expenses and hinder growth potential;

  the effects of business combinations, partnerships, acquisitions or disposals, existing or future, and the ability to realise expected synergy and/or costs savings;

  Diageo’s ability to complete future acquisitions and disposals;

  legal and regulatory developments, including changes in regulations regarding consumption of, or advertising for, beverage alcohol, changes in accounting standards, taxation requirements, such as the impact of excise tax increases with respect to the premium drinks business and environmental laws;

  developments in the alcohol advertising class actions and any similar proceedings;

  changes in the food industry in the United States, including increased competition and changes in consumer preferences;

  changes in consumer preferences and tastes, demographic trends or perceptions about health related issues;

  changes in the cost of raw materials and labour costs;

  changes in economic conditions in countries in which Diageo operates, including changes in levels of consumer spending;

  levels of marketing, promotional and innovation expenditure by Diageo and its competitors;

  renewal of distribution rights on favourable terms when they expire;

  termination of existing distribution rights in respect of agency brands;

  technological, developments that may affect the distribution of products or impede Diageo’s ability to protect its intellectual property rights; and

  changes in financial and equity markets, including significant interest rate and foreign currency rate fluctuations, which may affect Diageo’s access to or increase the cost of financing or which may affect Diageo’s financial results.

All oral and written forward-looking statements made on or after the date of this document and attributable to Diageo are expressly qualified in their entirety by the above factors and the ‘Risk factors’ contained in this document for the year ended 30 June 2004 . Any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of Diageo speak only as of the date they are made. Diageo does not undertake to update forward-looking statements to reflect any changes in Diageo’s expectations with regard thereto or any changes in events, conditions circumstances on which any such statement is based. The reader should, however, consult any additional disclosures that Diageo may make in documents it files with the SEC.

     Past performance cannot be relied upon as a guide to future performance.

 


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20 Diageo Annual Report 2004

Operating and financial review

Introduction

Information presented Diageo’s strategy is to focus on its branded drinks businesses with international potential. Diageo completed the disposal of its quick service restaurants business on 13 December 2002 and the combination of its packaged food business with General Mills on 31 October 2001. In accordance with UK GAAP, the results of the quick service restaurants and the packaged food businesses have been included within discontinued operations in the comparative periods.

     The following discussion is based on Diageo’s UK GAAP results for the year ended 30 June 2004 compared with the year ended 30 June 2003, and the year ended 30 June 2003 compared with the year ended 30 June 2002. The group has adopted the requirements of FRS 17 — Retirement benefits, UITF abstract 38 — Accounting for ESOP trusts, and the amendment to FRS 5 — Reporting the substance of transactions from 1 July 2003. In accordance with UK GAAP, all comparative figures have been restated in compliance with these pronouncements.
     There are a number of accounting differences between UK and US GAAP. A reconciliation of net income from UK to US GAAP and an explanation of the differences between UK and US GAAP are set out in the US GAAP information in note 32 of the consolidated financial statements, with a further explanation of significant reconciling items between UK and US GAAP net income included in ‘Discussion of US GAAP differences’ below.

Presentation of information in relation to the premium drinks business In addition to describing the significant factors impacting on the profit and loss account compared to the prior year for both of the years ended 30 June 2004 and 30 June 2003, additional information is also presented on the operating performance of the premium drinks segment.

Volume Volume has been measured on an equivalent units basis to nine litre cases of spirits. An equivalent unit represents one nine litre case of spirits, which is approximately 272 servings. A serving comprises 33ml of spirits, 165ml of wine, or 330ml of ready to drink or beer. Therefore, to convert volume of products, other than spirits, to equivalent units, the following guide has been used: beer in hectolitres divide by 0.9, wine in nine litre cases divide by 5 and ready to drink in nine litre cases divide by 10.

Non-GAAP measures Organic movement in volume, net sales (after deducting excise duties) and operating profit before exceptional items are measures not specifically used in the consolidated financial statements themselves (non-GAAP measures). The performance of the premium drinks segment is discussed using these measures.

     Since overall performance is the result of a number of factors, breaking these down into broad categories and discussing each of these categories assists management and the reader in understanding the overall picture. Once factors such as the effect of currency movements, excise duties and acquisitions and disposals have been eliminated, the above measures enable the reader to focus on the performance of the premium drinks brand portfolio which is common to both periods. Organic movement measures also most closely reflect the way in which the business is managed, for the same reasons of achieving comparability between periods. Diageo’s strategic planning and budgeting process is based on organic movement in volume, net sales (after deducting excise duties) and operating profit before exceptional items, and these measures closely reflect the way in which operating targets are defined and performance is monitored by the group’s management. These measures are chosen for planning, budgeting and reporting purposes since, as explained further below, they represent those measures which local managers are most directly able to influence and they enable consideration of the underlying business performance without the distortion caused by fluctuating exchange rates, excise duties, acquisitions and disposals. In addition, management bonus targets are set based on the performance of the business as measured by organic operating profit growth before exceptional items.
     The group’s management believe these measures provide valuable additional information for users of the financial statements in understanding the group’s performance, since they provide information on those elements of performance which local managers are most directly able to influence and they focus on that element of the core brand portfolio which is common to both periods. However, whilst these measures are important in the management of the business, they should not be viewed as replacements for, but rather as complementary to, the comparable GAAP measures such as turnover and reported (rather than organic) movements in individual profit and loss account captions. These GAAP measures reflect all of the factors which impact the business and the discussion in relation to premium drinks should be read in the context of the discussion of the overall group performance.
     In the discussion of the performance of the premium drinks segment, net sales (after deducting excise duties) is presented in addition to turnover, since turnover reflects significant components of excise duties which are set by external regulators and over which Diageo has no control. Diageo incurs excise duties throughout the world. In some countries, excise duties are based on sales and are separately identified on the face of the invoice to the external customer. In others, it is effectively a production tax, which is incurred when the spirit is removed from bonded warehouses. In these countries it is part of the cost of goods sold and is not separately identified on the sales invoice. Changes in the level of excise duties can significantly affect the level of reported turnover and cost of sales, without directly reflecting changes in volume, mix or profitability that are the variables which impact on the element of turnover retained by the group.
     Also in the discussion of the performance of the premium drinks segment, certain information is presented using sterling amounts on a constant currency basis. This strips out the translation effect of foreign exchange rate movements and enables an understanding of the underlying performance of the market that is most closely influenced by the actions of that market’s management. The risk from foreign exchange translation is managed centrally and is not a factor over which local managers have any control.
     In the years ended 30 June 2003 and 30 June 2002, the group underwent a major restructuring which resulted in the disposal of its food businesses (Pillsbury and Burger King) and its Malibu rum brand and the acquisition of the Seagram spirits and wine businesses. As a consequence, results are not comparable from period to period and require additional explanation. For this reason it is necessary to separate the effects of acquisitions and disposals on the sales and profit of brands acquired or disposed of in order to provide information on the underlying performance of individual markets.
     Adjusting for these items enables group management to monitor performance over factors which local managers are most directly able to influence in relation to the core ongoing brand portfolio. The underlying performance on a constant currency basis and excluding the impact of acquisitions and disposals is referred to as ‘organic’ performance, and further information on the calculation of organic measures as used in the discussion of the premium drinks segment is included below.

 


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21 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

In order to assist the reader of the financial statements, the comparisons of both 2004 with 2003 and 2003 with 2002 include tables which present the exchange, disposal, acquisition and organic components of the year on year movement for each of turnover, net sales (after deducting excise duties) and operating profit before exceptional items.

Calculation of organic movement Where a business, brand, brand distribution right or agency agreement was disposed of, or terminated, in the current year, the group, in organic movement calculations, adjusts the results for the prior year to exclude the amount the group earned in that period that it could not have earned in the current period (i.e. the period between the date in the prior period, equivalent to the date of the disposal in the current period, and the end of the prior period). As a result, the organic movement numbers reflect only comparable trading performance. Similarly, if a business was disposed of part way through the equivalent prior period, then its contribution would also be completely excluded from that prior period’s performance in the organic movement calculation, since the group recognised no contribution from that business in the current year.

     For acquisitions, a similar adjustment is made in the organic movement calculations. For acquisitions in the current period, the post acquisition results are excluded from the organic movement calculations. For acquisitions in the prior period, post acquisition results are included in full in the prior period, but are only included from the anniversary of the acquisition date in the current period.
     A further adjustment in organic movement is made to exclude the effect of exchange rate movements by recalculating the prior year’s results as if they had been generated at the current year’s exchange rates.
     Organic movement percentages are calculated as the organic movement amount in £ million, expressed as the percentage of the prior period results at current year exchange rates and after adjusting for disposals. The basis of calculation means that the results used to measure organic growth for a given year will be adjusted when used to measure organic growth in the subsequent year.

Operating results — 2004 compared with 2003

                                                 
Summary consolidated profit and loss account
    Year ended 30 June 2004     Year ended 30 June 2003  
                            Before              
    Before                     exceptional     Exceptional        
    exceptional     Exceptional             items     items     Total  
    items     items     Total     (restated)     (restated)     (restated)  
    £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million  
 
Turnover
    8,891             8,891       9,281             9,281  
 
Operating costs
    (6,980 )     (40 )     (7,020 )     (7,326 )     (168 )     (7,494 )
 
Operating profit
    1,911       (40 )     1,871       1,955       (168 )     1,787  
 
Share of associates’ profits
    451       (13 )     438       478       (21 )     457  
 
Disposal of fixed assets
            (35 )     (35 )             (43 )     (43 )
 
Disposal of businesses
            (10 )     (10 )             (1,254 )     (1,254 )
 
Finance charges
    (295 )           (295 )     (315 )           (315 )
 
Profit before taxation
    2,067       (98 )     1,969       2,118       (1,486 )     632  
 
Taxation
    (517 )     30       (487 )     (543 )     52       (491 )
 
Profit after taxation
    1,550       (68 )     1,482       1,575       (1,434 )     141  
 
Minority interests
    (90 )           (90 )     (91 )           (91 )
 
Profit for the year
    1,460       (68 )     1,392       1,484       (1,434 )     50  
 
Note: Exceptional items under UK GAAP represent items which, in management’s judgement, are material items that arise from events or transactions that fall within the ordinary activities of the group but, by virtue of their size or incidence, should be separately disclosed if the consolidated financial statements are to properly reflect the results for the period. Exceptional items under UK GAAP do not represent extraordinary items under US GAAP.

Turnover On a reported basis, turnover decreased by £390 million (4%) from £9,281 million (of which Burger King contributed £479 million) in the year ended 30 June 2003 to £8,891 million in the year ended 30 June 2004. For premium drinks, turnover increased by £89 million (1%). Turnover was adversely impacted by exchange rate movements of £271 million, principally arising from weakening of the US dollar. The effect of disposals and the termination of certain distribution rights, principally Bass Ale in North America and the Brown-Forman agency brands in Great Britain, reduced premium drinks turnover by £105 million.

Operating costs On a reported basis, operating costs decreased by £474 million (6%) from £7,494 million (of which Burger King costs were £426 million) in the year ended 30 June 2003 to £7,020 million in the year ended 30 June 2004. Exceptional operating costs declined from £168 million to £40 million in the year ended 30 June 2004, and exchange benefited premium drinks operating costs in the year ended 30 June 2004, before exceptional items, by £166 million. Before the impact of exchange, operating costs before exceptional items for premium drinks increased by £246 million of which excise duties accounted for £73 million and increased marketing expenditure accounted for £41 million. On a reported basis, marketing investment for premium drinks increased 1% from £1,026 million to £1,039 million. Marketing investment on global priority brands (excluding ready to drink) grew 10% to £569 million, while marketing spend on ready to drink brands declined by £28 million (14%) to £166 million.

 


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22 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Operating profit Reported operating profit increased by £84 million from £1,787 million (of which Burger King contributed £53 million) to £1,871 million. Exceptional items charged to operating profit were £40 million in the year ended 30 June 2004 compared with £168 million in the year ended 30 June 2003. Exchange rate movements reduced operating profit before exceptional items for the year ended 30 June 2004 by £105 million (US dollar reduction of £107 million, euro benefit of £29 million, other currencies reduction of £27 million). Disposals and the termination of certain distribution rights contributed an incremental £13 million to operating profit before exceptional items in the year ended 30 June 2003 compared to the year ended 30 June 2004.

Exceptional operating costs Operating profit for the year is after £40 million of exceptional costs in respect of the integration of the Seagram spirits and wine businesses, acquired in December 2001 (2003 — £177 million; 2002 — £164 million). Approximately £8 million of these costs were employee related, £8 million in respect of putting in place new distribution and broker agreements as part of the Next Generation Growth programme, £4 million in respect of write-downs of assets, and the balance of £20 million included legal and professional and systems costs. The majority of these costs were incurred in North America.

Post employment plans Post employment charges calculated under FRS 17 resulted in a charge to operating profit of £101 million (2003 — £110 million) and other finance charges of £18 million (2003 — income of £36 million). The figures for the year ended 30 June 2003 have been restated onto an FRS 17 basis.

     At 30 June 2004, the deficit before taxation for Diageo’s post employment plans amounted to £1,044 million (30 June 2003 — £1,447 million). This reduction has largely arisen from actuarial gains recognisable in the statement of recognised gains and losses of £586 million, principally due to the actual return on the assets in the funds being higher than the expected return and changes in assumptions underlying the present value of the plan liabilities. In addition, at 30 June 2004, a deferred tax asset has been recognised on the post employment deficit in the United Kingdom of £245 million. The post employment deficit after taxation has therefore decreased from £1,369 million to £750 million.

Associates The group’s share of profits of associates before exceptional items was £451 million for the year compared to £478 million last year. The 21% equity interest in General Mills contributed £258 million in the year ended 30 June 2004 compared with £287 million last year. The weakness of the US dollar accounted for £25 million of this decrease. On 23 June 2004, Paul Walsh, CEO of Diageo plc, and John M. Keenan, a Diageo plc designated representative, resigned from the General Mills board. As a result, Diageo ceased to equity account for its share of the results of General Mills from that date. Diageo’s 34% equity interest in Moët Hennessy contributed £176 million to share of profits of associates before exceptional items (2003 — £177 million).

     Share of associates’ exceptional items comprises a £7 million charge for Diageo’s share of General Mills’ exceptional costs and £6 million in respect of restructuring within Moët Hennessy.

Finance charges Finance charges decreased from £315 million to £295 million in the year ended 30 June 2004.

     The net interest charge decreased by £74 million (21%) from £345 million in the comparable prior period to £271 million in the year ended 30 June 2004, including £59 million for General Mills (2003 — £73 million). Benefits of £26 million from the effect of reducing interest rates, £12 million from the disposal of businesses, £16 million from the effect of exchange rates (excluding associates), and £13 million from cash flow were partly offset by an increased interest charge arising from the funding of the share repurchases of £15 million.
     Other finance charges have increased by £54 million, as a result of a charge of £18 million in respect of the group’s post employment plans in the year ended 30 June 2004 compared with income of £36 million in the year ended 30 June 2003. This adverse movement principally reflects the decline in the values of the assets held by the post employment plans between 30 June 2002 and 30 June 2003.

Non-operating exceptional items Non-operating exceptional items before taxation were a charge of £45 million in the year ended 30 June 2004 compared with a charge of £1,297 million (including £1,441 million in respect of Burger King) in the year ended 30 June 2003. These charges comprise £41 million (2003 — £41 million) in respect of the dilution of the investment in General Mills, following the issue of additional shares by General Mills, and a £10 million cost in respect of disposed businesses, offset by a £6 million gain arising on the disposal of fixed assets. The £10 million cost in respect of disposed businesses represents a £13 million loss on the sale of premium drinks brands, and a £26 million charge on the reassessment of the provisions required following the disposal of Burger King, offset by a credit of £29 million arising on the review of the provision held against the guarantee given by Diageo in connection with the sale of Pillsbury.

Profit before taxation After exceptional items, the profit before taxation and minority interests increased by £1,337 million from £632 million to £1,969 million in the year ended 30 June 2004.

Exchange rates Based on current exchange rates, the impact of adverse exchange rate movements on profit before exceptional items and taxation for the financial year ending 30 June 2005 is estimated to be £100 million (excluding transaction exchange on share of profits of associates).

     The group currently has net transaction hedges for US dollars in place which settle in the year ending 30 June 2005 to sell £541 million of US dollars. Where these hedges are against sterling they are at an average rate of £1 = $1.63. The group currently has net transaction hedges for euros in place which settle in the year ending 30 June 2005 to sell £59 million of euros. Where these hedges are against sterling they are at an average rate of £1 = 1.41.

Taxation The effective rate of taxation on profit before exceptional items for the year was 25%, compared with 25.6% for the year ended 30 June 2003, restated from the originally reported 25% following compliance with the new accounting pronouncements for post employment plans and share trusts.

 


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23 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Dividend The directors recommend a final dividend of 17.0 pence per share, an increase of 8.3% on last year’s final dividend. The full dividend would therefore be 27.6 pence per share, an increase of 7.8%. Subject to approval by shareholders, the final dividend will be paid on 25 October 2004 to shareholders on the register on 17 September 2004. Payment to US ADR holders will be made 29 October 2004. A dividend re-investment plan is available in respect of the final dividend and the plan notice date is 4 October 2004.

Premium drinks The following discussion provides additional commentary on the trading performance of the premium drinks business with the equivalent period in the prior year.

     In the discussion, movements are segregated between ‘reported’ or ‘organic’ performance. ‘Reported’ means that the measure reflects movement in the number disclosed in the consolidated financial statements. ‘Organic’ represents the movement excluding the impact of exchange, acquisitions and disposals. In the discussion, under ‘organic brand performance’ for each market, movements given for volume, turnover, net sales (after deducting excise duties) and marketing expenditure are organic movements. A further description of organic movement, how it is calculated and why it is considered useful for the reader is set out on pages 20 and 21.
                                                 
     The organic movement calculations for turnover, net sales (after deducting excise duties) and operating profit before exceptional items for the year ended 30 June 2004 were as follows:
    2003             Disposals                    
    Reported             and     Organic     2004     Organic  
    (restated)*     Exchange     transfers     movement     Reported     movement  
    £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million     %  
 
Turnover
                                               
 
Major markets:
                                               
 
North America
    2,759       (242 )     (71 )     213       2,659       9  
 
Great Britain
    1,380             (8 )     39       1,411       3  
 
Ireland
    953       37       (1 )     (28 )     961       (3 )
 
Spain
    418       20       (2 )     18       454       4  
 
 
    5,510       (185 )     (82 )     242       5,485       5  
 
Key markets
    2,080       (49 )     125       119       2,275       6  
 
Venture markets
    1,212       (37 )     (148 )     104       1,131       10  
 
Total premium drinks
    8,802       (271 )     (105 )     465       8,891       6  
 
Net sales (after deducting excise duties)
                                               
 
Major markets:
                                               
 
North America
    2,299       (203 )     (65 )     209       2,240       10  
 
Great Britain
    790             (5 )     (5 )     780       (1 )
 
Ireland
    638       25             (22 )     641       (3 )
 
Spain
    316       15       (2 )     13       342       4  
 
 
    4,043       (163 )     (72 )     195       4,003       5  
 
Key markets
    1,637       (49 )     90       111       1,789       7  
 
Venture markets
    956       (29 )     (112 )     75       890       9  
 
Total premium drinks
    6,636       (241 )     (94 )     381       6,682       6  
 
Excise duties
    2,166                               2,209          
 
Turnover
    8,802                               8,891          
 
Operating profit before exceptional items
                                               
 
Major markets:
                                               
 
North America
    708       (86 )     (13 )     85       694       14  
 
Great Britain
    203             6       (2 )     207       (1 )
 
Ireland
    131       9             (14 )     126       (10 )
 
Spain
    96       7             10       113       10  
 
 
    1,138       (70 )     (7 )     79       1,140       7  
 
Key markets
    502       (30 )     13       26       511       5  
 
Venture markets
    262       (5 )     (19 )     22       260       9  
 
Total premium drinks
    1,902       (105 )     (13 )     127       1,911       7  
 
*see notes (1) and (2).

 


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24 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Notes

(1) The reported turnover and net sales (after deducting excise duties) for the year ended 30 June 2003 have been restated following the adoption of application note (G) to FRS 5 — Reporting the substance of transactions. The change reduced turnover and net sales (after deducting excise duties) by £159 million in the year ended 30 June 2003 in respect of the following markets — £36 million for North America, £49 million for Great Britain, £nil for Ireland, £6 million for Spain, £49 million for key markets and £19 million for venture markets.

(2) The reported operating profit before exceptional items for the year ended 30 June 2003 has been restated following the adoption of FRS 17 — Retirement benefits, and UITF abstract 38 — Accounting for ESOP trusts. The operating profit before exceptional items has been reduced by £74 million in respect of the following markets — £21 million for North America, £16 million for Great Britain, £10 million for Ireland, £3 million for Spain, £20 million for key markets and £4 million for venture markets.

(3) The exchange adjustments for turnover, net sales (after deducting excise duties) and operating profit before exceptional items are principally in respect of the US dollar and the euro.

(4) Disposals include the transfer of Portugal to venture markets from key markets, and Germany to key markets from venture markets, effective 1 July 2003. This adjustment represents the differential between the incremental amounts contributed by Germany compared to the amounts contributed by Portugal in the year ended 30 June 2003 — £139 million for turnover, £104 million for net sales (after deducting excise duties) and £18 million for operating profit before exceptional items. In addition, disposals for turnover, net sales (after deducting excise duties) and operating profit before exceptional items were principally in respect of the termination of distribution rights for Bass Ale in North America and Brown-Forman agency brands in the United Kingdom, the disposals of Gilbey’s Green and White Whisky in India, and the partial disposal of Don Julio in Mexico.

(5) There have been no acquisitions of subsidiaries in the last 24 months.

(6) In the calculation of operating profit before exceptional items the overheads included in disposals were only those directly attributable to the businesses disposed of, and do not result from subjective judgements of management.

(7) The organic movement percentage is the amount in the column headed ‘organic movement’ in the table above expressed as a percentage of the aggregate of the first three columns. The basis of the calculation of the organic movement is explained on page 21.

                         
Organic brand performance
    Equivalent     Volume     Net sales*  
    units     movement     movement  
    million     %     %  
 
Global priority brands
                       
 
Smirnoff
    24.2       5       4  
 
Johnnie Walker
    11.7       9       10  
 
Guinness
    11.6       2       4  
 
Baileys
    6.6       7       8  
 
JεB
    6.0       (1 )     (1 )
 
Captain Morgan
    6.0       12       18  
 
José Cuervo
    4.2       1       5  
 
Tanqueray
    2.0       2       5  
 
Total global priority brands
    72.3       5       6  
 
Local priority brands
    22.7             3  
 
Category brands
    27.1       3       9  
 
Total premium drinks
    122.1       4       6  
 
*after deducting excise duties.

 


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25 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Additional information:

  On a reported basis total volume increased 2% from 119.3 million equivalent units to 122.1 million equivalent units
 
  On a reported basis net sales (after deducting excise duties) increased 1% from £6,636 million to £6,682 million
 
  Smirnoff volume, excluding ready to drink, was up 6% and net sales (after deducting excise duties) was up 8%
 
  Captain Morgan volume, excluding ready to drink, was up 8% and net sales (after deducting excise duties) was up 10%

  Volume growth of the global priority brands, excluding ready to drink, was 5%, compared to 4% in the year ended 30 June 2003. Net sales (after deducting excise duties) growth of the global priority brands, excluding ready to drink, was 6%

Marketing investment Premium drinks marketing investment increased 1% on a reported basis from £1,026 million to £1,039 million. Organic marketing investment increased 6%, with a further 1% organic growth in promotional spend paid to customers which has been reclassified against turnover under application note (G) to FRS 5.

Analysis by individual market

                                 
     The figures for 2003 have been restated to reflect the adoption of FRS 17 — Retirement benefits, UITF abstract 38 — Accounting for ESOP trusts, and the amendment to FRS 5 — Reporting the substance of transactions (see ‘New accounting standards’ on page 55).

 
    2004     2003  
                            Operating  
            Operating     Turnover     profit*  
    Turnover     profit*     (restated)     (restated)  
    £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million  
 
Major markets
                               
 
North America
    2,659       694       2,759       708  
 
Great Britain
    1,411       207       1,380       203  
 
Ireland
    961       126       953       131  
 
Spain
    454       113       418       96  
 
 
    5,485       1,140       5,510       1,138  
 
Key markets
    2,275       511       2,080       502  
 
Venture markets
    1,131       260       1,212       262  
 
Total premium drinks
    8,891       1,911       8,802       1,902  
 
*before exceptional items.

 


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26 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

North America

Summary:

  Continued strong performance by Diageo in this important market

  Continued growth in global priority brands, together with mix improvement throughout the business, delivered double-digit growth in organic net sales (after deducting excise duties)

  Further improvement in operating margin by 1.2 percentage points

  Share gains in four of the six spirits categories

  Smirnoff ready to drink volume up 15%, following new product launches

  Incremental Seagram synergy benefit of £31 million

  Marketing investment up 9% behind priority brands

  Distributor strategy is on track
                                 
Key measures:  
                    Reported     Organic  
    2004     2003     movement     movement  
    £ million     £ million     %     %  
 
Volume
                    1       3  
 
Turnover
    2,659       2,759       (4 )     9  
 
Net sales (after deducting excise duties)
    2,240       2,299       (3 )     10  
 
Marketing
    359       369       (3 )     9  
 
Operating profit before exceptional items
    694       708       (2 )     14  
 

Reported performance Turnover was down from £2,759 million to £2,659 million in the year ended 30 June 2004. Operating profit before exceptional items decreased £14 million (2%), from £708 million in the year ended 30 June 2003 to £694 million in the year ended 30 June 2004.

Organic performance Exchange rate movements accounted for a reduction in turnover of £242 million, principally as a result of a weakness in the US dollar which moved from £1 = $1.59 in the year ended 30 June 2003 to £1 = $1.74 in the year ended 30 June 2004. In addition, the termination of distribution rights for Bass Ale in June 2003 and Cuervo 1800 in October 2002 reduced turnover by £58 million and £8 million, respectively. Other disposals, including Kamchatka in the United States and Gibson’s Whiskey in Canada, adversely affected turnover by £5 million. At constant exchange rates the turnover of brands owned or distributed throughout both periods was £213 million higher in the year ended 30 June 2004 than in the comparable period, as discussed within organic brand performance below. These factors combined to produce an overall decrease in turnover of £100 million.

     Operating profit before exceptional items was reduced by £86 million as a result of exchange rate movements. In addition, the termination of distribution rights and the disposals noted above reduced profit before exceptional items by £13 million. However, those brands owned or distributed throughout both periods contributed £85 million more in the year ended 30 June 2004 than in the year ended 30 June 2003. The net result of these factors was a decrease in operating profit before exceptional items of £14 million.
                 
Organic brand performance:  
    Volume     Net sales*  
    movement     movement  
    %     %  
 
Smirnoff
    3       12  
 
Johnnie Walker
    6       11  
 
José Cuervo
    1       6  
 
Baileys
    6       9  
 
Captain Morgan
    13       20  
 
Tanqueray
          4  
 
Guinness
    5       5  
 
JεB
    2       (1 )
 
Total global priority brands
    5       10  
 
Local priority brands
          4  
 
Category brands
    2       22  
 
Total
    3       10  
 
*after deducting excise duties.

 


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27 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Additional information:

  Smirnoff volume, excluding ready to drink, was flat and net sales (after deducting excise duties) was up 5%

  Captain Morgan volume, excluding ready to drink, was up 9% and net sales (after deducting excise duties) was up 11%

  From 1 July 2003, terms of trade were harmonised between the former UDV and Seagram brands and freight is now billed as net sales (after deducting excise duties) for all brands. The actual freight cost is reported as cost of goods sold. This change increased reported net sales (after deducting excise duties) in the year by approximately 2 percentage points versus the prior year

  Crown Royal, Diageo’s highest volume and most profitable local priority brand, grew volume 3%

New packaging was introduced for Smirnoff, marketing investment increased and pricing was revised to enable Smirnoff to compete in the higher growth segment of premium vodka. In the short term this has led to flat volume and some share erosion for Smirnoff, excluding ready to drink. However, along with the stronger growth of Smirnoff Twist and the growth of Smirnoff ready to drink, price and mix improved. Smirnoff ready to drink volume was up 15% due to the launch of Smirnoff Twisted V and share grew 15.1 percentage points to approximately 45% of the segment.

     Further strong volume growth of Johnnie Walker, with Johnnie Walker Black Label, up 8%, and continued impressive growth of the super premium offerings, Johnnie Walker Gold Label and Johnnie Walker Blue Label, drove mix improvement in the brand. Johnnie Walker Red Label, with volume up 2%, and Johnnie Walker Black Label both grew share in their respective segments.
     José Cuervo volume growth was constrained by pricing pressure from competitors. Net sales (after deducting excise duties) increased 6% reflecting growth in the higher margin Tradicional tequila and Margarita mixes. Marketing investment increased to support brand building and focus on José Cuervo’s premium position.
     Baileys solid growth continued with volume up 6% and share improved 1.4 percentage points in the cream liqueur category due in part to the launch of Baileys Minis in May 2003. Marketing investment continues to build the brand’s reach with innovative campaigns such as the new broadcast sponsorship deal to produce ‘Baileys in Tune’ with VH1, a popular cable TV music channel.
     Captain Morgan continues to grow volume and share in the fastest growing spirits category in the US, with share up 1.1 percentage points, boosted by the introduction of two new Parrot Bay Flavors. Net sales (after deducting excise duties) benefited from a price increase across parts of the United States.
     Tanqueray’s volume performance was held back in the second half as marketing campaigns were postponed until the brand’s transition from Schieffelin & Somerset to Diageo North America was completed. Tanqueray grew share of the imported gin segment by 1.1 percentage points.
     Guinness volume continued to outpace the total beer market, driven by increased sales and distribution of Guinness Draught in bottles and increased marketing around the St. Patrick’s Day selling period.
     JεB volume and net sales (after deducting excise duties) improved in the second half as the brand’s competitive position benefited from price increases taken by competitors.
     Volume performance of the local priority brands was flat. Crown Royal, which is at a price premium significantly above the competition, continued to deliver volume growth. Together with Beaulieu Vineyard up 35% and Sterling Vineyards up 22%, this volume growth offset declines in other local priority brands. Growth of these higher value brands, which represent 28% of Diageo’s local priority brand net sales (after deducting excise duties), delivered mix improvement.
     Similarly, in the category brands, growth of higher value brands such as Cîroc, Don Julio and Godiva, was partially offset in volume terms by the weaker performance of other category brands but delivered strong mix improvement.
     Marketing investment increased 9% broadly in line with net sales (after deducting excise duties) after adjusting for the change in terms of trade. Marketing investment increased due to higher media spend behind the global priority brands as well as a Crown Royal sponsorship agreement with the International Race of Champions. These increases were offset by an overall decline in ready to drink spend reflecting a shift in the nature of marketing activities, however share of voice increased.
     Diageo achieved further synergy benefits associated with the acquisition in December 2001 of the Seagram spirits and wine businesses of £31 million. In part, this was offset by costs in respect of the restructuring of Diageo’s relationship with Schieffelin & Somerset of £6 million.
     Diageo’s distributor consolidation strategy is on track. Dedicated distributor sales resources are in place for Diageo brands in 36 states plus Washington DC and distributors continue to build their organisations in terms of capabilities and infrastructure.

 


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28 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Great Britain

Summary:

  Despite good volume growth margin pressures negatively impacted net sales (after deducting excise duties)

  Solid organic volume growth in spirits, with strong performances from Smirnoff Red and Gordon’s Gin

  Diageo’s share of UK spirits grew from 23.6% to 24.8% in the year

  Blossom Hill grew volume by 37%. Diageo’s volume share of branded wines segment is now 13.7% versus 11.4% last year

  Guinness volume down 3% and ready to drink volume down 14% both in line with the decline in their respective segments

  Reduced marketing spend due to fewer new product launches and lower ready to drink investment
                                 
Key measures:    
                    Reported     Organic  
    2004     2003     movement     movement  
    £ million     £ million     %     %  
 
Volume
                    5       6  
 
Turnover
    1,411       1,380       2       3  
 
Net sales (after deducting excise duties)
    780       790       (1 )     (1 )
 
Marketing
    124       139       (11 )     (11 )
 
Operating profit before exceptional items
    207       203       2       (1 )
 

Reported and organic performance Turnover in Great Britain was up 2% from £1,380 million to £1,411 million in the year ended 30 June 2004. The £31 million improvement was due to an organic increase of £39 million, offset by £8 million of disposals.

     Operating profit before exceptional items increased by 2% from £203 million to £207 million. The £4 million increase reflects a £2 million organic reduction combined with a £6 million benefit from disposals.
                 
Organic brand performance:    
    Volume     Net sales*  
    movement     movement  
    %     %  
 
Smirnoff
    11       (6 )
 
Guinness
    (3 )     (2 )
 
Baileys
    5       12  
 
Total global priority brands
    5       (1 )
 
Local priority brands
    1       (6 )
 
Category brands
    16       6  
 
Total
    6       (1 )
 
*after deducting excise duties.

In Great Britain, continued strong performance from spirits and wine, particularly Smirnoff Red up 19%, Gordon’s up 10% and Blossom Hill up 37%, drove 6% volume growth despite challenging trading conditions in beer and ready to drink. Share of spirits grew 1.2 percentage points to 24.8%.

     Net sales (after deducting excise duties) growth trailed volume growth as a result of negative mix due primarily to the decline in ready to drink. Additionally, the shift in sales from the on to the off trade, as well as further consolidation in both channels, created pressure on pricing.
     Smirnoff volume grew 11% as the strong performance of Smirnoff Red, up 19%, was offset by the decline in Smirnoff ready to drink volume, down 13%. Net sales (after deducting excise duty) were down 6% reflecting mix deterioration primarily driven by the decline in ready to drink.
     For Smirnoff Red, Diageo Great Britain’s largest spirit brand by volume, 2004 was a landmark year. Volume grew 19% passing the 3 million case mark and gaining 2.6 percentage points of share. New packaging, a strong marketing programme and new on trade distribution points were key volume drivers. A price increase was implemented on 1 April 2004.
     Smirnoff Ice remains the No. 1 ready to drink brand in Great Britain and increased its share by 1.7 percentage points, in a declining segment. Volume fell 13% and net sales (after deducting excise duty) declined 17%. Diageo’s share of the ready to drink segment declined slightly, by 0.3 percentage points to 33.9%, as volume declined due to the withdrawal of Gordon’s Edge and the decline of Archers Aqua.
     Baileys volume growth and positive mix is the result of the introduction of Baileys Glide. Baileys strategy is focused on broadening the brand footprint into new occasions.

 


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29 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Guinness share in the beer category declined slightly, by 0.1 percentage points, the result of a 5% volume decline in the on trade, offset by 2% volume growth in the off trade. A price increase for Guinness Draught was implemented on 1 February 2004.

     The local priority brands delivered 1% volume growth. Gordon’s grew overall volume by 10% and gained share, driven by new advertising and the relaunch of Gordon’s Sloe Gin. Bell’s volume was down by 2%, but overall share grew to 16.0% and Bell’s remains the market leader. Archers volume declined 12% primarily due to the decline of Archers Aqua by 27%.
     Blossom Hill, which represents 8% of Diageo Great Britain’s net sales (after deducting excise duties), grew volume by 37% and gained 2.2 percentage share points of the branded wines segment. The brand now has the best selling red, white and rosé wines in Great Britain.
     Marketing investment was down by 11% principally due to a reduced number of product launches and lower ready to drink investment following the further decline of the ready to drink segment.

Ireland

Summary:

  The results for Ireland reflect the continued decline of the beverage alcohol market, down a further 1%, and the shift from the on trade, where Diageo has the majority of its business, to the off trade

  Guinness volume declined 6% and net sales (after deducting excise duties) decreased by 3%, benefiting from price increases

  Diageo implemented a major restructuring to bring in a less complex and therefore lower cost operating model in response to the changes in the beverage alcohol market
                                 
Key measures:    
                    Reported     Organic  
    2004     2003     movement     movement  
    £ million     £ million     %     %  
 
Volume
                    (4 )     (4 )
 
Turnover
    961       953       1       (3 )
 
Net sales (after deducting excise duties)
    641       638             (3 )
 
Marketing
    76       67       13       9  
 
Operating profit before exceptional items
    126       131       (4 )     (10 )
 

Reported performance In Ireland, turnover increased on a reported basis from £953 million in the year ended 30 June 2003 to £961 million in the year ended 30 June 2004. Operating profit before exceptional items was down from £131 million to £126 million.

Organic performance Although reported turnover was up £8 million, the main reason for this was the strength of the euro, which had a beneficial impact of £37 million. The weighted average exchange rate used for translation strengthened from £1 = €1.52 for the year ended 30 June 2003 to £1 = €1.45 for the year ended 30 June 2004. Market decline and brand performance reduced turnover by £28 million and disposals reduced it by £1 million.

     For operating profit before exceptional items, the strength of the euro had a £9 million positive impact. This benefit was more than offset by a £15 million restructuring charge to bring in a less complex and therefore lower cost operating model. Other factors benefited operating profit before exceptional items by £1 million.
                 
Organic brand performance:    
    Volume     Net sales*  
    movement     movement  
    %     %  
 
Guinness
    (6 )     (3 )
 
Smirnoff
    (4 )     (11 )
 
Baileys
    (12 )     (11 )
 
Total global priority brands
    (6 )     (5 )
 
Local priority brands
    (4 )     (3 )
 
Category brands
    9        
 
Total
    (4 )     (3 )
 
*after deducting excise duties.

 


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30 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

The beverage alcohol market in Ireland declined by a further 1% in the year, impacted by some decline in consumer confidence and an acceleration in the shift from the on to the off trade. The shift towards the off trade is largely attributed to lifestyle and demographics changes, continued price competition in the off trade and to the initial impact in the on trade of the smoking ban introduced in March 2004. The on trade declined by 6% and now represents 57% of the market volume, while the off trade grew by 7%.

     Diageo’s volume declined by 4% in the full year. The volume decline of 6% in the first half slowed to 1% in the six months ended 30 June 2004, partly reflecting comparison against the prior period which had been negatively impacted by duty increases in December 2002. Diageo’s share of the total market declined 1.5 percentage points, primarily driven by the shift to the off trade where Diageo’s brands have lower share than in the on trade. Increased competition from imported beer, which has been discounted aggressively by off trade retailers, has also adversely impacted share.
     Net sales (after deducting excise duties) decreased by 3%. Price increases on beer brands in March 2003 and June 2004 have partially offset the impact of the volume decline.
     Guinness share of long alcoholic drinks (beer, cider and ready to drink) declined 1.5 percentage points in the year due to the continued switch from on to off trade and the hot summer in the first quarter of the financial year that benefited other segments within long alcoholic drinks.
     The spirits market in Ireland continued to decline, in part due to the continued impact of the duty increase of over 40% in December 2002. However, Smirnoff, excluding ready to drink, increased share of the vodka category by 3.0 percentage points. The ready to drink segment represents only 1% of the Irish market.
     Volume in the local priority lager brands, Budweiser, Carlsberg and Harp, was down 3% again affected by the on trade to off trade switch. Smithwicks volume also declined. Category brands, where volume grew 9%, represent only 8% of total volume.
     Marketing spend on an organic basis was up 9%. This increase was the result of a change in treatment of certain costs. On a like for like basis, spend was flat.

Spain

Summary:

  Diageo’s organic volume grew by 3% and share increased by 0.6 percentage points despite further decline in the Spanish spirits market

  Performance by brand was mixed, but overall mix improved, driven by volume growth in Johnnie Walker and Cacique as well as price increases implemented in April 2004
                                 
Key measures:    
                    Reported     Organic  
    2004     2003     movement     movement  
    £ million     £ million     %     %  
 
Volume
                    2       3  
 
Turnover
    454       418       9       4  
 
Net sales (after deducting excise duties)
    342       316       8       4  
 
Marketing
    68       64       6       1  
 
Operating profit before exceptional items
    113       96       18       10  
 

Reported performance Reported turnover was £454 million in the year ended 30 June 2004, up 9% against the £418 million reported in the prior year. Reported operating profit before exceptional items was up £17 million (18%) from £96 million in the year ended 30 June 2003 to £113 million in the current year.

Organic performance Favourable exchange rate variances due to the strength of the euro positively impacted reported turnover by £20 million. There was a £2 million adverse impact from the loss of the distribution rights for Lagunilla wines in January 2003. Organic growth of brands owned throughout this and the comparable period contributed £18 million.

     Operating profit before exceptional items increased £17 million as a result of the strong euro, £7 million, and growth of continuing brands, £10 million.

 


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31 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review
                 
Organic brand performance:    
    Volume     Net sales*  
    movement     movement  
    %     %  
 
JεB
    (1 )     (3 )
 
Baileys
    3       7  
 
Johnnie Walker
    13       13  
 
Smirnoff
    2       (6 )
 
Total global priority brands
    2       1  
 
Local priority brands
    12       16  
 
Category brands
    (6 )     2  
 
Total
    3       4  
 
*after deducting excise duties.

JεB volume was down in the standard scotch and local whisky category which continues to decline. However, JεB remains the number one brand with 26% share of the category. The withdrawal of JεB Twist negatively impacted mix and net sales (after deducting excise duties) were down 3% despite a 3% price increase in April.

     Baileys continued to lead the cream liqueur segment with volume up 3% and share up 0.8 percentage points, to 65.3%. Net sales (after deducting excise duties) benefited from a 4% price increase implemented in April.
     Johnnie Walker volume increased 13% and gained share driven by growth in Johnnie Walker Red Label. A moderate price increase was taken in April.
     Smirnoff volume growth was driven by 4% growth in Smirnoff Red, offset by a decline in Smirnoff ready to drink which negatively impacted net sales (after deducting excise duties). Smirnoff continues to lead the vodka category with 35.4% share.
     Local priority brand performance was up, driven primarily by Cacique whose volume grew 14% despite higher pricing.
Cacique continued to lead the dark rum segment with approximately 37% share, but lost 0.4 percentage points of share as a result of strong promotional activity from smaller competitors.
     The category brand volume performance was driven by a decline in Bell’s of over 40% as distribution agreements were restructured, although mix improved. This volume decline was partially offset by 9% volume growth of Pampero.
     Spanish consumer trends continue to move from scotch to wine and dark rum, while socio-economic and regulatory pressures have accelerated the switch from on to off trade. Despite these trends, Diageo grew overall share to 19.3%, which represents an improvement of 0.6 percentage points.
     Marketing spend increased 1% driven by increased media spend on Cacique to support higher pricing, offset by a significant reduction in ready to drink spend. Excluding ready to drink, marketing spend increased 9%. Overall media investment has increased 17% and new campaigns have been launched on many priority brands. Diageo introduced new advertising and promotional brand building activities such as JεB Comedy and the Nightology Boat, a floating JεB disco which travels to different cities along the Spanish coast.

Key markets

Summary:

  Improved performance by the global priority brands delivered improved operating profit growth in the year
 
  Strong growth in Africa and Australia and excellent results in Latin America despite difficult economic conditions
 
  Challenging conditions in Europe
                                 
Key measures:    
                    Reported     Organic  
    2004*     2003**     movement     movement  
    £ million     £ million     %     %  
 
Volume
                    7       4  
 
Turnover
    2,275       2,080       9       6  
 
Net sales (after deducting excise duties)
    1,789       1,637       9       7  
 
Marketing
    280       220       27       10  
 
Operating profit before exceptional items
    511       502       2       5  
 
*including Germany, excluding Portugal.
**including Portugal, excluding Germany.

 


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32 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

From 1 July 2003, Germany has been reported within key markets (previously within venture markets) and Portugal has been reported within venture markets (previously within key markets).

Reported performance Reported turnover in the year ended 30 June 2004 was £2,275 million, up 9% on the prior year figure of £2,080 million. Operating profit before exceptional items was up 2% at £511 million for the year ended 30 June 2004.

Organic performance Turnover in key markets was up £195 million compared with the year ended 30 June 2003. There were unfavourable exchange movements of £49 million, principally on the Venezuelan bolivar and the Nigerian naira, offset by a £119 million improvement in organic performance. In addition, the Germany/Portugal transfer noted above increased turnover by £139 million. The sale of 50% of Don Julio in January 2003 (which has since been accounted for as an associate) negatively impacted turnover by £14 million.

     There has been a £9 million increase in reported operating profit before exceptional items. This increase was due to organic improvements in brand performance of £26 million and an increase of £18 million in respect of the Germany/Portugal transfer, partly offset by unfavourable exchange rate movements of £30 million (principally the Venezuelan bolivar) and the Don Julio disposal of £5 million.
                 
Organic brand performance:    
    Volume     Net sales*  
    movement     movement  
    %     %  
 
Johnnie Walker
    6       8  
 
Smirnoff
    8       4  
 
Guinness
    11       20  
 
Baileys
    9       8  
 
JεB
    (7 )     (5 )
 
Total global priority brands
    7       8  
 
Local priority brands
    1       5  
 
Category brands
    1       4  
 
Total
    4       7  
 
*after deducting excise duties.

Overall key markets volume growth was achieved through strong performance in Africa, Latin America, Australia and global duty free. Volume growth together with price increases in Africa and Australia and overall favourable mix delivered 7% net sales (after deducting excise duties) growth.

     The volume growth in global priority brands was led by strong performance of Johnnie Walker, Smirnoff and Guinness, which together constitute approximately 40% of key markets volume and net sales (after deducting excise duties). Johnnie Walker grew 6%, primarily driven by strong performances in global duty free and Australia. Smirnoff volume increased 8%, with Smirnoff Red up 10% and ready to drink up 1%. Net sales (after deducting excise duties) of Smirnoff increased 4% as negative mix in Germany was only partially offset by price increases in South Africa and Australia. Guinness volume grew 11%, with continued strength in Africa and net sales increased 20% following price increases there. Baileys volume grew on strong performance in global duty free and Australia. JεB volume declined 7% on weakness in the scotch category in Korea.
     Local priority brand volume increased, as strong performance of Bundaberg ready to drink (Australia), up 35%, and Malta Guinness (Africa), up 20%, compensated for declines in Tusker and Pilsner (Kenya) and Windsor (South Korea) reflecting beverage alcohol market declines in the challenging economic environments of Kenya and South Korea. Net sales (after deducting excise duties) grew 5%, primarily driven by price increases on over 50% of local priority brand volume.
     Category brand growth was primarily driven by growth in Africa and Latin America with favourable mix and some price increases.
     Ready to drink volume increased by 9% with strong performance in Australia where volume rose 28% and in France, following the launch of Smirnoff Ice in May 2003. African volume fell slightly, by 1%, and Germany suffered a major decline as the ready to drink segment declined by over 40% following the announcement of higher duty rates on ready to drink.
     Marketing investment grew 10% driven by increased spend behind global priority brands, Bundaberg in Australia, and ready to drink in France and Japan. Ready to drink investment in Germany was curtailed, however core spirits investment was maintained.
     Africa, which is Diageo’s second largest market by volume, sustained its strong performance growing volume by 5%. Guinness volume increased 11% principally driven by growth in Nigeria and Ghana. Nigeria benefited from a growing beer market and successful trade activities focused on reducing distributor stock outs, while Ghana has been fuelled by strong demand, the launch of Guinness Extra Smooth and increased capacity following further production investment. Smirnoff Red volume declined 1%, still impacted by the consumer trend towards beer and gin in South Africa. Successful advertising and promotional activities drove Johnnie Walker volume growth of 6% and Captain Morgan volume growth of 9%. Malta Guinness grew 20%, with strong demand, improved distribution and increased capacity availability. The challenging economic environment in Kenya led the beverage alcohol market to fall and consumers to trade down to value lagers and spirits, adversely impacting premium local priority lager brands such as Tusker and Pilsner.

 


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33 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Net sales (after deducting excise duties) in Africa grew 16%, benefiting primarily from price increases. Marketing investment increased 23% to support top-line growth and the launch of Guinness Extra Smooth. In South Africa, a partnership with Heineken and Namibia Breweries was formed, brandhouse, to capture the opportunity provided by the consumer trend towards trading up to premium brands.

     In Latin America key markets, overall volume increased by 10% in a relatively stagnant beverage alcohol market, resulting in many instances of share gains. In Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay, Johnnie Walker volume grew 21% owing to excellent promotion execution and heightened media investment. Johnnie Walker Black Label and Johnnie Walker Red Label each grew share by over 5 percentage points in their respective categories in Brazil. Smirnoff Red volume rose 20% across the three countries, driven by successful marketing investment and overall economic improvement. However, share declined 1 percentage point in Brazil as pressure from non-premium brands remains.
     In Venezuela, volume rose 9%, despite the decline in the premium beverage alcohol market. Johnnie Walker and Buchanan’s increased volume and share, aided by strong brand positioning. Operating profit benefited from a £10 million gain on the disposal of government bonds purchased in the prior year to hedge exchange risk. Mexico’s performance was strong with volume growth in Johnnie Walker, JεB, Baileys and Buchanan’s, resulting from increased marketing investment. In Colombia volume grew 92%, benefiting from a newly implemented direct distribution system, strong promotional discounts and the spirits tax reform.
     In Australia, volume, share and net sales grew for Johnnie Walker, Smirnoff, Baileys and Bundaberg, which together constitute over 65% of volume and net sales. Overall portfolio volume grew 7% and share of spirits increased by 1 percentage point in a flat spirits market. Bundaberg, growing 14% on strong ready to drink performance, established itself as the number one spirit and ready to drink brand in Australia. The Johnnie Walker portfolio increased volume 10%. Smirnoff Red volume grew 14% and share of vodka increased 3.9 percentage points to 54%, lifted by the new packaging launch and Smirnoff Ice growth. Baileys volume increased 26% and share increased 7.2 percentage points to 30.3%, on improved visibility and pricing. Ready to drink performed exceptionally well, growing share by 3.5 percentage points to 33.9% in a segment growing 13%. These volume increases were offset by decline in Captain Morgan, down 29% and category brands, down 8%, primarily due to the decline in secondary scotches. Net sales (after deducting excise duties) increased 16% boosted primarily by price increases.
     Global duty free gained further momentum in the second half, completing the year with 11% growth in volume. Performance has rebounded compared to the prior period when travel was affected by the impact of the Iraq conflict and the SARS outbreak. Robust, double-digit volume growth was achieved in Johnnie Walker Black Label and Smirnoff Red as well as in Tanqueray and Captain Morgan. Johnnie Walker super premium brands volume grew 35% driven by strong performance in Asia.
     In Asia, trading conditions were mixed. Volume in South Korea fell by 16% as the scotch category declined 20%. However, net sales (after deducting excise duties) only fell by 10% benefiting from a price increase on Windsor 17. Windsor volume declined but share increased by 2 percentage points on the strength of super premium Windsor 17. Dimple volume declined by only 1%, benefiting from increased marketing investment, new packaging and route to market initiatives.
     Volume in Japan fell by 7% as declines in Johnnie Walker Black Label and Smirnoff ready to drink offset growth in Johnnie Walker Red Label and Baileys. Despite overall volume decline, nearly all brands gained share. Volume in Thailand fell 8%, however global priority brand volume, excluding ready to drink, increased by 5%.
     In the European key markets, the economic environment has made trading challenging. Volume in France recovered in the second half, up 2% for the year. Strong performance in Smirnoff Red and Smirnoff Ice offset the continuing weakness of the beverage alcohol market. Volume in Germany declined 11%, as spirits and ready to drink continue to be hampered by the importance of discounted own-label brands. Smirnoff Red volume increased 19%, with strong on trade performance supported by successful promotional activities.
     In Greece, volume grew 2%, share was maintained and price increases were taken on over 50% of volume. Johnnie Walker volume increased 3% on strong advertising and promotion in a declining whisky category. Smirnoff Red accelerated in the second half and volume rose 12% for the year, owing to repositioning supported by successful media and on trade activities. The ready to drink segment, which represents less than 5% of Diageo’s volume in Greece, continued to fall. Diageo, however, grew share while volume declined substantially.

Venture markets

Summary:

  Continued volume growth in global priority brands and mix improvement on category brands drove organic operating profit growth of 9%.
 
  Strong performances from Johnnie Walker, Smirnoff and Baileys
 
  Declining ready to drink segment
 
  Strong growth in the Middle East, Americas and Caribbean and Asia (ex Philippines)
 
  Mixed performance across Europe with significant growth achieved in Portugal, Russia and the Nordics
 
  Underperformance in balance of Europe largely due to ready to drink segment decline
 
  Marketing investment up sharply in strategically selected markets

 


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34 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review
                                 
Key measures:    
                    Reported     Organic  
    2004*     2003**     movement     movement  
    £ million     £ million     %     %  
 
Volume
                    (3 )     7  
 
Turnover
    1,131       1,212       (7 )     10  
 
Net sales (after deducting excise duties)
    890       956       (7 )     9  
 
Marketing
    132       167       (21 )     6  
 
Operating profit before exceptional items
    260       262       (1 )     9  
 
*including Portugal, excluding Germany.
**including Germany, excluding Portugal.

From 1 July 2003, Portugal has been reported within venture markets (previously within key markets) and Germany has been reported within key markets (previously within venture markets).

Reported performance Reported turnover in venture markets was down £81 million (7%) in the year ended 30 June 2004 compared with the year ended 30 June 2003. Reported operating profit before exceptional items declined by £2 million (1%) in the current year, compared with the £262 million reported in the year ended 30 June 2003.

Organic performance Strong organic turnover performance of the brands in venture markets, up £104 million against the prior year, was principally offset by the Germany/Portugal transfer noted above (decrease of £139 million) and adverse exchange rate movements of £37 million. In addition, the impact of disposals reduced turnover in the current year by £9 million (principally Gilbey’s Green and White Whisky in India), leading to an overall decrease of £81 million compared with the year ended 30 June 2003.

     Operating profit before exceptional items was down by £2 million. Strong organic growth of the brands, £22 million, was offset by the Germany/Portugal transfer noted above (decrease of £18 million), negative exchange rate movements of £5 million and disposals of £1 million.
                 
Organic brand performance:    
    Volume     Net sales*  
    movement     movement  
    %     %  
 
Johnnie Walker
    13       13  
 
Smirnoff
    9       1  
 
Guinness
    (1 )     2  
 
Baileys
    9       7  
 
JεB
    6       6  
 
Total global priority brands
    9       7  
 
Local priority brands
    (17 )     3  
 
Category brands
    5       15  
 
Total
    7       9  
 
*after deducting excise duties.

Volume growth of Johnnie Walker was driven by growth of 24% in Asia venture markets through expanding brand awareness and availability and investment in proven growth drivers. Volume of Johnnie Walker in China grew 68%, albeit from a small base.

     Smirnoff volume growth was driven by the Middle East, which grew 24% supported by improved visibility and availability and a positive response to the launch of the new packaging and flavours. Net sales (after deducting excise duties) growth was negatively impacted by the decline of ready to drink volume.
     Baileys volume growth was primarily due to 56% growth in the Americas and Caribbean markets. Declining sales and price pressure in Italy, which represents 25% of Baileys venture markets net sales (after deducting excise duties), negatively impacted net sales (after deducting excise duties) growth.
     Guinness volume decline was due to a strategic decision in Malaysia to limit duty free sales due to the lower margin in this channel. In the Malaysian domestic market, Guinness grew at 7%. The Guinness volume decline in Asia was partially offset by strong growth in the Caribbean markets.
     Ready to drink volume declined 13% due to the decision to withdraw Gilbey’s Island Punch from the Philippines market, a weak segment in parts of Europe and a slowdown in new market launches. This decline was partially offset by Smirnoff ready to drink growth in the Americas and Caribbean markets and in the Nordics.

 


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35 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Red Stripe, venture markets’ only local priority brand, recorded a 17% volume decline due to duty and price increases in the second half of fiscal 2003, and a tough economic environment in Jamaica. However, the brand achieved a 3% net sales (after deducting excise duties) growth due to the substantial price increases.

     Category brands delivered a 5% volume growth, led by growth in whisky and wines in the Americas and Caribbean and beer in Malaysia. Americas and Caribbean venture markets delivered 21% volume growth. Nearly 60% of this growth came from Argentina, Chile and Peru. Contributors to this have been growth in licensed border stores, together with excellent Christmas campaign execution, especially on Johnnie Walker and Baileys.
     Middle East venture markets delivered 15% volume growth despite the continued political uncertainty across the region. The key drivers of the global priority brands growth were the new packaging of Smirnoff Red and duty free promotions led by Smirnoff and Johnnie Walker. The Indian market achieved 47% volume growth from a small base, with strong performance from Smirnoff and Johnnie Walker.
     Asia venture markets delivered 5% volume growth buoyed by growing economies and positive comparison against 2003 which was impacted by SARS. China grew 77% in volume from a small base, as increased investment behind brands and in-market capabilities builds the business there.
     In Central and Eastern European markets, performance was mixed with some important positive results. The Russian hub delivered strong volume growth of 25%, through increased focused marketing investment and price repositioning on key brands. Portugal delivered 24% volume growth despite an aggressive competitive environment. The Nordics grew volume by 8% on spirits tax reductions and new product launches.
     In Europe, Belgium, Netherlands and Switzerland underperformed due to a decline in the ready to drink segment and the trend towards the off trade. The Canaries were impacted by significant trade destocking and weak tourism.
     Marketing investment grew 6% as investment increased in strategically selected markets such as Americas and Caribbean, supporting 21% volume growth, and in Portugal, supporting 24% volume growth. In the Americas and Caribbean, marketing investment focused on global priority brands while, in Portugal it was concentrated on JεB.

Operating results — 2003 compared with 2002

                                                 
Summary consolidated profit and loss account    
    2003     2002  
    Before                     Before              
    exceptional     Exceptional             exceptional     Exceptional        
    items     items     Total     items     items     Total  
    (restated)     (restated)     (restated)     (restated)     (restated)     (restated)  
    £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million  
 
Turnover
    9,281             9,281       10,900             10,900  
 
Operating costs
    (7,326 )     (168 )     (7,494 )     (8,900 )     (470 )     (9,370 )
 
Operating profit
    1,955       (168 )     1,787       2,000       (470 )     1,530  
 
Share of associates’ profits
    478       (21 )     457       324       (41 )     283  
 
Disposal of fixed assets
            (43 )     (43 )             (22 )     (22 )
 
Disposal of businesses
            (1,254 )     (1,254 )             813       813  
 
Finance charges
    (315 )           (315 )     (295 )           (295 )
 
Profit before taxation
    2,118       (1,486 )     632       2,029       280       2,309  
 
Taxation
    (543 )     52       (491 )     (512 )     (121 )     (633 )
 
Profit after taxation
    1,575       (1,434 )     141       1,517       159       1,676  
 
Minority interests
    (91 )           (91 )     (87 )           (87 )
 
Profit for the year
    1,484       (1,434 )     50       1,430       159       1,589  
 
Note: Exceptional items under UK GAAP represent items which, in management’s judgement, are material items that arise from events or transactions that fall within the ordinary activities of the group but, by virtue of their size or incidence, should be separately disclosed if the financial statements are to properly reflect the results for the period. Exceptional items under UK GAAP do not represent extraordinary items under US GAAP.

Turnover

Overall Turnover decreased by £1,619 million (15%) from £10,900 million in the prior year to £9,281 million in the year ended 30 June 2003, following the disposals of Pillsbury in October 2001 and Burger King in December 2002, both of which are accounted for as discontinued operations and which contributed £479 million to turnover in the year ended 30 June 2003 compared with £2,361 million in the prior year.

 


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36 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Continuing operations — premium drinks For continuing operations, which now represents Diageo’s premium drinks business, turnover increased by £263 million (3%) from £8,539 million in the year ended 30 June 2002 to £8,802 million in the year ended 30 June 2003. The Seagram spirits and wine businesses, which were acquired on 21 December 2001, contributed £1,214 million to turnover during the year, compared with £573 million in the six month period ended 30 June 2002. This increase attributable to the acquired Seagram business was partly offset by the impact of brands which were disposed of during the two year period ended 30 June 2003 of £327 million, principally due to Malibu (impact of £107 million), North American wine brands (£42 million) which were sold in May and April 2002 respectively, and the loss of the distribution rights of Jack Daniels and Southern Comfort in Great Britain, effective August 2002 (£108 million). Turnover was also adversely impacted by the effect of exchange rate movements, primarily the US dollar, which reduced turnover by an estimated £303 million. The remaining £243 million increase in turnover reflects the underlying performance of the ongoing brand portfolio which saw volume increase by 1%.

Discontinued operations Burger King contributed £479 million to turnover in the year ended 30 June 2003 compared with £1,123 million in the year ended 30 June 2002, following the disposal of Burger King in December 2002. Turnover in the year ended 30 June 2002 also included £1,238 million from Pillsbury which was sold on 31 October 2001.

Operating costs

Overall Operating costs decreased by £1,876 million (20% on a reported basis) from £9,370 million in the year ended 30 June 2002 to £7,494 million in the year ended 30 June 2003. This decrease was caused by the disposals of Pillsbury in October 2001, which had £1,061 million operating costs in the prior year, and Burger King in December 2002, whose operating costs fell by £565 million reflecting the reduction in the period of ownership by the group. Operating costs of premium drinks decreased by £250 million.

Continuing operations — premium drinks For continuing operations, which now represents Diageo’s premium drinks business, operating costs decreased by £250 million (3% on a reported basis) from £7,318 million in the year ended 30 June 2002 to £7,068 million in the year ended 30 June 2003. Operating exceptional costs for continuing operations decreased by £281 million from £449 million in the prior year to £168 million (these are discussed under exceptional operating costs below).

     Excluding the exceptional operating costs, continuing operating costs increased by £31 million (0.5%) from £6,869 million in the year ended 30 June 2002 to £6,900 million in the year ended 30 June 2003. There were increases in operating costs compared with the prior period arising from the acquisition of the Seagram spirits and wine businesses in December 2001 and from organic increases in marketing and other costs. These were almost fully offset by reductions in costs from the movements in exchange rates (£265 million), principally the US dollar, and from disposals (£254 million), principally the loss of the distribution rights for Jack Daniels and Southern Comfort in the United Kingdom (£103 million) and Malibu (£67 million).
     Marketing investment for premium drinks increased by £38 million (4%) to £1,026 million. The major drivers of the increase were higher spend on the Johnnie Walker, Baileys and Smirnoff brands and behind the launch of Smirnoff Ice in key and venture markets. Marketing spend on JεB declined and spend on Guinness was down as a result of a reduction in spend in Great Britain and in Ireland.

Operating profit before exceptional items

Overall Operating profit before exceptional items decreased by £45 million from £2,000 million to £1,955 million. The decrease reflects an increase attributable to premium drinks of £232 million, offset by a reduced contribution of £277 million from discontinued operations.

Continuing operations — premium drinks Operating profit before exceptional items for premium drinks increased by £232 million (14%) from £1,670 million to £1,902 million. The Seagram businesses, in the six months ended 31 December 2002, contributed £211 million, but this was offset by a £73 million impact of businesses disposed of, primarily Malibu (impact of £40 million) and North American wine brands (£5 million) which were sold in May and April 2002 respectively, and the loss of the distribution rights of Jack Daniels and Southern Comfort in the United Kingdom, effective August 2002 (£10 million). £132 million of the increase in operating profit before exceptional items is attributable to the organic performance of the brand portfolio, discussed in more detail below. Exchange rate movements, net of the effect of currency hedging, had an adverse impact on operating profit before exceptional items of £38 million.

Discontinued operations The results for the year included an operating profit contribution of £53 million from discontinued operations (Burger King only), compared with £330 million in the year ended 30 June 2002 (Burger King and Pillsbury).

Exceptional operating costs

Overall The operating profit for the year ended 30 June 2003 is after exceptional operating charges of £168 million compared to £470 million (including £21 million in respect of discontinued operations) for the year ended 30 June 2002. This comprised integration and restructuring costs of £225 million, offset by £57 million received on the termination of Bass distribution rights in the United States.

 


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37 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Continuing operations — premium drinks In the year ended 30 June 2003, £177 million was incurred in respect of the integration of the Seagram spirits and wine businesses, acquired in December 2001 (year ended 30 June 2002 — £164 million). Approximately £43 million of these costs were employee related, £7 million were in respect of write downs of tangible fixed assets, £57 million were incurred in putting in place new distributor and broker agreements as part of the Next Generation Growth programme in the United States, and the balance included consultancy and systems costs. The majority of these costs were incurred in North America and the United Kingdom. It is expected that the total programme cost of restructuring and integrating the business will be approximately $700 million (£460 million) of which $590 million (£390 million) is expected to be cash. As a result of the amount charged to the profit and loss account in the two years ended 30 June 2003, it is anticipated that approximately 2,200 jobs will be lost of which some 1,800 had been terminated by 30 June 2003. On completion of the programme it is anticipated that some 2,500 jobs will be lost and that integration synergy will reduce Diageo’s annual cost base by approximately £115 million in the year ending 30 June 2005. The above merger synergy represents a management estimate and, as a forward-looking statement, involves risk and uncertainty. The expected level of synergy is based on a number of assumptions, including certain expectations concerning: the integration of back offices and sales forces in subsidiary regional offices resulting in headcount reductions and rationalisation of facilities; headcount reductions in central and regional offices; and procurement savings through improvement of supplier terms.

     £48 million (2002 — £48 million; 2001 — £74 million) was incurred in respect of the restructuring of the UDV (spirits and wine) and the Guinness (beer) businesses. Approximately £28 million of the costs were employee related and the balance included legal and professional costs. Total costs of this integration amounted to £170 million charged to the profit and loss account over the three years ended 30 June 2003, and no further costs are expected. As a result of the restructuring charge in the three years ended 30 June 2003, it is anticipated that approximately 750 jobs will be lost, of which approximately 600 had been terminated at 30 June 2003.
     Effective 30 June 2003, Diageo relinquished its distribution rights for Bass Ale in the United States. Under the distribution agreement, Diageo had the right to continue selling and marketing the brand in the United States until July 2016. Consideration of £57 million received has been accounted for as an exceptional operating item.
     In the year ended 30 June 2002, exceptional operating costs in relation to the premium drinks business included £164 million in respect of the integration of the Seagram spirits and wine businesses, £48 million in respect of the restructuring of the UDV and Guinness businesses and £220 million in respect of a settlement with José Cuervo following the termination of litigation and the formalisation of new arrangements for the distribution by Diageo of José Cuervo brands in the United States. In addition, £17 million was incurred on the reorganisation of beer production facilities in Ireland. These costs were in respect of a provision for additional pension benefits for certain employees.

Discontinued operations There were no exceptional operating costs in relation to discontinued operations in the year ended 30 June 2003. In the prior year, exceptional operating costs for discontinued operations comprised £21 million in relation to the restructuring of franchisee loan financing arrangements in anticipation of the disposal of the Burger King business.

Associates

The group’s share of profits of associates before exceptional items was £478 million for the year compared with £324 million in the year ended 30 June 2002. The 21% equity interest in General Mills contributed £287 million (£143 million in the eight months ended 30 June 2002). Exceptional items for associates comprised £18 million for Diageo’s share of General Mills’ exceptional costs incurred on its restructuring of the acquired Pillsbury business, and £3 million in respect of restructuring within Moët Hennessy.

Finance charges

Finance charges increased by £20 million (7%) from £295 million in the prior year to £315 million in the year ended 30 June 2003. The net interest charge decreased by £54 million, from £399 million in the prior year to £345 million in the year ended 30 June 2003 as the net benefits of £76 million in respect of the disposal of businesses, of £27 million from exchange rate related movements, and of £44 million from the reduction in interest rates were offset by other factors. These factors included an increase of £14 million in the amount relating to the share of General Mills’ interest charge, the effect of business acquisitions, principally the Seagram spirits and wine businesses, of £60 million and the funding of the share repurchases which increased the interest charge by £43 million. Other finance income was £30 million in the year ended 30 June 2003, compared with £104 million in the prior year. This adverse movement is principally due to a lower level of finance income in respect of the group’s post employment plans in the year ended 30 June 2003 (£36 million) than in the year ended 30 June 2002 (£104 million).

Non operating exceptional items

Non operating exceptional items before taxation comprise losses of £43 million on disposal of fixed assets and losses of £1,254 million on disposal of businesses in the year ended 30 June 2003 compared with losses of £22 million and gains of £813 million respectively in the prior year.

     Burger King was sold on 13 December 2002 for $1.5 billion (£0.9 billion). The sale resulted in a pre tax charge of £1,441 million, after writing back goodwill previously written off to reserves of £673 million. Diageo retained $213 million (£129 million) of subordinated debt, with a ten year maturity (2013), from the Burger King Company. In addition, Diageo has guaranteed up to $850 million (£515 million) of borrowings of the Burger King Company. These loans have a term of five years from December 2002, although Diageo and Burger King have structured their arrangements to encourage refinancing by Burger King on a non-guaranteed basis prior to December 2007. The loss on disposal of Burger King was partially offset by the receipt of £171 million additional consideration on the disposal of Pillsbury. Gains on disposals of businesses in the year ended 30 June 2002 principally related to the disposal of Malibu (£532 million) and Pillsbury (£314 million).

Taxation

The effective rate of taxation on profit before exceptional items for the year ended 30 June 2003 was 25.6%, restated from the originally reported 25%, compared with 25.2% for the year ended 30 June 2002. The restatement was made following compliance with the accounting pronouncements for post employment plans and share trusts which Diageo adopted from 1 July 2003. After exceptional items the effective

 


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38 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

rate of taxation was 77.7% for the year ended 30 June 2003 compared with 27.4% for the year ended 30 June 2002. The effective rate of taxation for the year ended 30 June 2003 reflected the fact that the pre tax loss on the disposal of Burger King was £1,441 million with associated tax relief of £80 million.

Premium drinks

The following discussion provides additional commentary on the trading performance of the premium drinks business with the equivalent period in the prior year.

     In the discussion, movements are segregated between ‘reported’ or ‘organic’ performance. ‘Reported’ means that the measure reflects movement in the number disclosed in the consolidated financial statements. ‘Organic’ represents the movement excluding the impact of exchange, acquisitions and disposals. In the discussion, under ‘organic brand performance’ for each market, movements given for volume, turnover, net sales (after deducting excise duties) and marketing expenditure are organic movements. A further description of organic movement, how it is calculated and why it is considered useful for the reader is set out on pages 20 and 21.
                                                         
     The organic movement calculations for turnover, net sales (after deducting excise duties) and operating profit before exceptional items for the year ended 30 June 2003 were as follows:    
    2002                             Organic     2003     Organic  
    Reported     Exchange                     movement     Reported     movement  
    (restated)     (restated)     Disposals     Acquisitions     (restated)     (restated)     (restated)  
    £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million     %  
 
Turnover
                                                       
 
Major markets:
                                                       
 
North America
    2,641       (234 )     (105 )     444       13       2,759       1  
 
Great Britain
    1,418             (135 )     17       80       1,380       6  
 
Ireland
    937       40       (15 )     1       (10 )     953       (1 )
 
Spain
    368       20       (11 )     35       6       418       2  
 
 
    5,364       (174 )     (266 )     497       89       5,510       2  
 
Key markets
    2,031       (108 )     (30 )     141       46       2,080       2  
 
Venture markets
    1,144       (21 )     (31 )     12       108       1,212       10  
 
Total premium drinks
    8,539       (303 )     (327 )     650       243       8,802       3  
 
 
                                                       
 
Net sales (after deducting excise duties)
                                                       
 
Major markets:
                                                       
 
North America
    2,202       (194 )     (95 )     373       13       2,299       1  
 
Great Britain
    847             (84 )     9       18       790       2  
 
Ireland
    625       27       (13 )     1       (2 )     638        
 
Spain
    286       17       (10 )     26       (3 )     316       (1 )
 
 
    3,960       (150 )     (202 )     409       26       4,043       1  
 
Key markets
    1,584       (89 )     (27 )     100       69       1,637       5  
 
Venture markets
    876       (22 )     (26 )     9       119       956       14  
 
Total premium drinks
    6,420       (261 )     (255 )     518       214       6,636       4  
 
Excise duties
    2,119                                       2,166          
 
Turnover
    8,539                                       8,802          
 
 
                                                       
 
Operating profit before exceptional items
                                                       
 
Major markets:
                                                       
 
North America
    523       (2 )     (30 )     154       63       708       13  
 
Great Britain
    187             (17 )     4       29       203       17  
 
Ireland
    136       6       (2 )           (9 )     131       (7 )
 
Spain
    90       1       (2 )     11       (4 )     96       (4 )
 
 
    936       5       (51 )     169       79       1,138       9  
 
Key markets
    501       (41 )     (12 )     39       15       502       3  
 
Venture markets
    233       (2 )     (10 )     3       38       262       17  
 
Total premium drinks
    1,670       (38 )     (73 )     211       132       1,902       8  
 


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39 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Notes

(1) The reported turnover and net sales (after deducting excise duties) for the years ended 30 June 2003 and 30 June 2002 have been restated following the adoption of application note G to FRS 5 — Reporting the substance of transactions. The change reduced turnover and net sales (after deducting excise duties) by £159 million in the year ended 30 June 2003 (year ended 30 June 2002 — £165 million) in respect of the following markets: £36 million for North America, £49 million for Great Britain, £6 million for Spain, £49 million for key markets and £19 million for venture markets (year ended 30 June 2002: £28 million, £49 million, £12 million, £47 million and £29 million, respectively).

(2) The reported operating profit before exceptional items for the years ended 30 June 2003 and 30 June 2002 has been restated following the adoption of FRS 17 — Retirement benefits and UITF abstract 38 — Accounting for ESOP trusts. The operating profit before exceptional items has been reduced by £74 million (year ended 30 June 2002 — £96 million) in respect of the following markets: £21 million for North America, £16 million for Great Britain, £10 million for Ireland, £3 million for Spain, £20 million for key markets and £4 million for venture markets (year ended 30 June 2002: £27 million, £17 million, £15 million, £4 million, £23 million and £10 million, respectively).

(3) The exchange adjustments for turnover, net sales (after deducting excise duties) and operating profit before exceptional items are principally in respect of the US dollar.

(4) Disposal adjustments for turnover, net sales (after deducting excise duties) and operating profit before exceptional items respectively were in relation to the disposal of Malibu rum (£107 million, £93 million, £40 million); the termination of the distribution rights for Jack Daniels and Southern Comfort in the United Kingdom (£113 million, £70 million, £10 million); the sale of Glen Ellen/MG Vallejo wines (£42 million, £38 million, £5 million); the transfer of distribution rights of Cuervo 1800 (£27 million, £22 million, £10 million); the sale of Croft Inns (£10 million, £10 million, £nil); the sale of Gilbey’s Green and White Label whiskies in India (£9 million, £8 million, £1 million); the termination of distribution rights for Drambuie (£7 million, £4 million, £1 million); the sale of Croft and Delaforce port and sherry brands (£5 million, £4 million, £2 million); and other disposals (£7 million, £6 million, £4 million).

(5) Acquisition adjustments for turnover, net sales (after deducting excise duties) and operating profit before exceptional items, respectively, were in respect of the purchase of the Seagram spirits and wine businesses (£650 million, £518 million, £211 million).

(6) In the calculation of operating profit before exceptional items, the overheads included in disposals were only those directly attributable to the businesses disposed of, and do not result from subjective judgements of management.

(7) The organic movement percentage is the amount in the column headed ‘organic movement’ in the table above expressed as a percentage of the aggregate of the first three columns. The basis of the calculation of the organic movement is explained on page 21.

                         
Organic brand performance
                    Net  
                    sales (after  
                    deducting  
    Equivalent     Volume     excise duties)  
    units     movement     movement  
    Million     %     %  
 
Smirnoff
    23.0       6       8  
 
Johnnie Walker
    10.8       2       2  
 
Guinness
    11.4       2       6  
 
Baileys
    6.2       10       13  
 
JεB
    6.0       (5 )     (6 )
 
Captain Morgan*
    2.5       (1 )     (12 )
 
José Cuervo
    4.2       7       7  
 
Tanqueray
    1.9       3       7  
 
Total global priority brands
    66.0       3       5  
 
Local priority brands
    17.1       (1 )     4  
 
Category brands
    26.8       (3 )     1  
 
 
    109.9       1       4  
 
Acquisitions
    9.4                  
                 
Total in year ended 30 June 2003
    119.3                  
                 
*Captain Morgan included for second half only with first half volume included in acquisitions.

 


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40 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Analysis by individual market

North America

                                 
Key measures:
    2003     2002     Reported     Organic  
    (restated)     (restated)     movement     movement  
    £ million     £ million     %     %  
 
Volume
                    15       1  
 
Turnover
    2,759       2,641       4       1  
 
Net sales (after deducting excise duties)
    2,299       2,202       4       1  
 
Marketing
    369       380       (3 )     (6 )
 
Operating profit before exceptional items
    708       523       35       13  
 

Reported performance Turnover in North America increased 4% from £2,641 million in the year ended 30 June 2002 to £2,759 million in the year ended 30 June 2003. Operating profit before exceptional items increased 35% from £523 million in the year ended 30 June 2002 to £708 million in the year ended 30 June 2003.

Organic performance The increase in turnover was primarily due to the turnover derived from the Seagram brands, acquired in the joint acquisition of the Seagram spirits and wine businesses in December 2001, which contributed £444 million in the six months ended 31 December 2002. The effect of brand disposals and of exchange rate movements in the US dollar reduced turnover in the year ended 30 June 2003 by £105 million and £234 million, respectively. The disposal impact is primarily attributable to the disposal of Malibu in May 2002 (£37 million), the Glen Ellen wine business in May 2002 (£37 million) and Cuervo 1800 in September 2002 (£24 million).

     The acquired Seagram brands were the main factor in growing operating profit before exceptional items in North America from £523 million in the previous year to £708 million in the year ended 30 June 2003, contributing £154 million in the six months ended 31 December 2002.
                 
Organic brand performance:
            Net  
            sales (after  
            deducting  
    Volume     excise duties)  
    movement     movement  
    %     %  
 
Smirnoff
    4       (2 )
 
Johnnie Walker
    2       7  
 
José Cuervo
    10       9  
 
Baileys
    14       17  
 
Tanqueray
    2       7  
 
Guinness
    1       1  
 
Captain Morgan
    (6 )     (17 )
 
JεB
    (6 )     (6 )
 
Total global priority brands
    4       2  
 
Local priority brands
    1       4  
 
Category brands
    (7 )     (3 )
 
Total
    1       1  
 

  Smirnoff volume excluding ready to drink was up 9% and net sales (after deducting excise duties) were up 11%
 
  Excluding Captain Morgan Gold, volume of Captain Morgan was up 8% and net sales (after deducting excise duties) were up 10%
 
  Excluding ready to drink, total volume was up 3% and net sales (after deducting excise duties) were up 5%

Volume growth in North America was driven by the strong performance of the priority spirits brands. Global priority brand volume excluding ready to drink grew 7%. Ready to drink volume, which includes flavored malt beverages and ready to drink in the United States and ready to drink in Canada, was down 17%, representing a decline in Smirnoff ready to drink of 11% and the withdrawal of Captain Morgan Gold.

     Smirnoff had another strong year despite weakness in Smirnoff ready to drink. Excluding ready to drink, volume was up 9%, driven by strong growth in Smirnoff Red and the continued success of the Smirnoff Twist flavoured vodka range. Smirnoff Red increased its share to 23.1%. The brand’s volume growth was driven by the success of the ‘What’s your mix’ advertising campaign. In addition, Smirnoff Red continues to benefit from spend behind Smirnoff ready to drink and Smirnoff Twist.

 


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41 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Smirnoff ready to drink volume was down 11%. The launch of Smirnoff Ice Triple Black in January 2003 partially offset softness in Smirnoff Ice.

     Volume of Johnnie Walker Red Label improved in the second half of the year. Johnnie Walker Black Label also gained share although volume growth slowed from the first half. Net sales (after deducting excise duties) for the total brand were up 7% due to volume growth of 2% and favourable price/mix variances of 5%, driven by a 3% price increase in certain markets.
     Baileys continued its impressive growth driven by national advertising around a very successful holiday programme, and the continued success of initiatives to broaden the appeal of the brand to new occasions. The launch of Baileys Minis in May 2003 also contributed incremental volume and revenue, as well as generating momentum for the brand.
     The strategy for JεB in North America is to maximise value and, in the year, operating profit from the brand increased as marketing expenditure was reduced.
     José Cuervo was the leader in US tequila sales. The key drivers of its growth were high consumer visibility, the success of national advertising and an increased trial programme.
     The success of the ‘Distinctive Since’ campaign was a key driver of the growth in Tanqueray. Both Tanqueray and Tanqueray No. TEN increased their share of the category.
     Excluding Captain Morgan Gold ready to drink, Captain Morgan volume was up 8% and net sales (after deducting excise duties) were up 10% driven by increased advertising and media spending for Captain Morgan Original Spiced Rum.
     Guinness volume grew slightly in the year, driven by strong performance from bottled Guinness Extra Stout and Guinness Draught in Bottles.
     Local priority brand volume was up 1% for the year, with net sales (after deducting excise duties) up 4%. Crown Royal showed strong gains, as did Sterling Vineyards, however these were partially offset by volume decline in Gordon’s Gin, Beaulieu Vineyard, and other smaller brands. Volume of category brands was down 7% for the year, with net sales (after deducting excise duties) down 3%. The decrease in volume was due to declines in Gordon’s vodka and other smaller category brands. Bass volume was down versus the prior year; distribution of the brand was returned to Interbrew as of 30 June 2003. There has been a mix improvement due to inclusion of the former Seagram brands and the launch of Cîroc.

Other business performance drivers:

  At 30 June 2003, almost 80% of Diageo’s volume was distributed through dedicated sales teams
 
  Ready to drink segment under pressure
 
  Efficiencies generated savings of over 10% in media planning and buying
 
  Share of US spirits brands increased by 0.3 percentage points to 27.3%

Diageo North America continued to progress its strategic initiatives. In particular its Next Generation Growth programme made excellent further progress. In the second half of the year ended 30 June 2003, new distribution and brokerage agreements were reached in nine more states and additional distributors established dedicated sales forces. At 30 June 2003 distributors and brokers in 34 states and Washington DC, representing nearly 80% of Diageo’s volume, were supporting Diageo’s brands, with just under 2,000 sales personnel working in teams solely dedicated to Diageo and S&S brands.

     Following two years of rapid growth, flavored malt beverages in the United States slowed considerably, and volume in the segment was broadly level for the year. Of the new launches this year, Smirnoff Ice Triple Black was the most successful and it is now the second best selling flavored malt beverage in the United States behind Smirnoff Ice. Flavored malt beverages represented 2% of the beer category, of which Smirnoff ready to drink was estimated to constitute about a third.
     Diageo’s share of US spirits increased in the year ended 30 June 2003 to 27.3% as a result of share gains in most priority brands.
     Diageo consolidated to one media planning and buying agency resulting in a 10% reduction in media spend compared with cost levels in the year ended 30 June 2002. In addition, a 15% reduction versus prior year was achieved in media production costs. Marketing spend, at £369 million, was 6% below prior year while share of voice in the combined beer and spirits category increased.

Great Britain

                                 
Key measures:  
    2003     2002     Reported     Organic  
    (restated)     (restated)     movement     movement  
    £ million     £ million     %     %  
 
Volume
                    (2 )     5  
 
Turnover
    1,380       1,418       (3 )     6  
 
Net sales (after deducting excise duties)
    790       847       (7 )     2  
 
Marketing
    139       142       (2 )      
 
Operating profit before exceptional items
    203       187       9       17  
 

Reported performance Turnover in Great Britain was down 3% on a reported basis from £1,418 million in the previous year to £1,380 million in the year ended 30 June 2003. Operating profit before exceptional items was up £16 million from £187 million in the year ended 30 June 2002 to £203 million in the year ended 30 June 2003.


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42 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Organic performance The principal reason for the decrease in turnover was the termination of the distribution rights for Jack Daniels and Southern Comfort in Great Britain in August 2002 which reduced turnover by £108 million. The acquired Seagram brands contributed £17 million to turnover in the six months ended 31 December 2002. The organic increase in the year was £80 million (6%).

     Increase in operating profit before exceptional items was due to organic growth of £29 million, offset by a net negative impact resulting from acquisitions and disposals of £13 million.
                 
Organic brand performance:  
            Net  
            sales (after  
            deducting  
    Volume     excise duties)  
    movement     movement  
    %     %  
 
Smirnoff
    7       (1 )
 
Guinness
    (1 )     (1 )
 
Baileys
    29       30  
 
Total global priority brands
    6       2  
 
Local priority brands
    (3 )     (11 )
 
Category brands
    14       14  
 
Total
    5       2  
 

  Smirnoff volume excluding ready to drink was up 11% and net sales (after deducting excise duties) were up 16%

  Excluding ready to drink total volume was up 6% and net sales (after deducting excise duties) were up 7%

Great Britain achieved solid volume growth in the year ended 30 June 2003 and again increased share, driven by growth of the global priority spirits brands. Growth in the spirits brands offset the decline in volume in ready to drink and beer.

     Smirnoff Red retained its leadership position in terms of share. Excluding ready to drink, volume grew 11%. In addition, a 6% price increase was achieved in September 2002 against strong competition from the value end of the category.
     Smirnoff ready to drink volume fell 3% in the year and net sales (after deducting excise duties) declined by 11%. However, the brand grew share by 2 percentage points. The ready to drink segment was significantly impacted by the duty increase in April 2002, with volume declining by 4% in the year ended 30 June 2003. Diageo absorbed the duty increase and as a result net sales (after deducting excise duties) per equivalent unit reduced by 9%. In addition, the duty impact was exacerbated by a move towards value offerings and by shifts in consumer drinking habits away from the on trade and city centre venues, which are the primary outlets for ready to drink occasions.
     Baileys continued its very strong growth. Share increased to 41% in the face of the introduction of two competing products into the category. The launch of Baileys Minis and continued media awareness contributed to this growth as did brand building activity focused on broadening consumer enjoyment of the brand into new occasions.
     Guinness performed well in a difficult beer market, with net sales (after deducting excise duties) down only 1%, compared with a 3% net sales (after deducting excise duties) decline in the beer category.
     Local priority brand volume declined 3%. Despite volume growth, net sales (after deducting excise duties) of Gordon’s, excluding ready to drink, declined by 2%, due to increased competitive pressure in the off trade.
     The blended whisky segment continued to be driven by aggressive pricing but Bell’s maintained its lead in the segment.
     Archers had a disappointing year with both its schnapps and ready to drink products showing volume decline. Archers volume declined by 6%. Archers Aqua volume fell by 27% driven by the ready to drink segment downturn which was more pronounced in the fruit flavoured ready to drink segment.
     Diageo’s category brands performance has been driven by excellent growth from Pimm’s, Piat d’Or and Blossom Hill.

Other business performance drivers:

  Increased resources behind sales execution

A comprehensive restructuring of the customer sales force drove growth in Great Britain. The new structure both increased frequency of contact with customers and generated more effective sales promotions.


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43 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Ireland

                                 
Key measures:  
    2003     2002     Reported     Organic  
    (restated)     (restated)     movement     movement  
    £ million     £ million     %     %  
 
Volume
                    (6 )     (5 )
 
Turnover
    953       937       2       (1 )
 
Net sales (after deducting excise duties)
    638       625       2        
 
Marketing
    67       65       3        
 
Operating profit before exceptional items
    131       136       (4 )     (7 )
 

Reported performance In Ireland, turnover increased £16 million from £937 million in the prior year to £953 million in the year ended 30 June 2003.

Organic performance Exchange rate movements increased turnover by £40 million, partially offset by an organic decline in turnover of £10 million. Operating profit before exceptional items was £5 million lower than the previous year at £131 million. Favourable exchange rate movements on the euro of £6 million were more than offset by the weaker performance of the brands compared to the year ended 30 June 2002.

                 
Organic brand performance:  
            Net  
            sales (after  
            deducting  
    Volume     excise duties)  
    movement     movement  
    %     %  
 
Guinness
    (4 )      
 
Smirnoff
    (5 )     (7 )
 
Baileys
    (2 )     (1 )
 
Total global priority brands
    (4 )     (1 )
 
Local priority brands
    (5 )     (1 )
 
Category brands
    (7 )     1  
 
Total
    (5 )      
 
In a weakening market in Ireland, Diageo volume declined by 5% and Diageo Ireland lost some share. The loss of share was mainly driven by the shift to at home consumption where Guinness and spirits are under represented. In addition, over 50% of Diageo’s off trade volume was in premium beer which was impacted by aggressive price discounting by competitors. There was also a shift in consumption towards wine and away from spirits and ready to drink since the duty increase.
     Guinness held share in the year for the first time in 10 years despite volume decline of 4%. Net sales (after deducting excise duties) were level, benefiting from a price increase.
     The decline in spirits and ready to drink volume in the second part of the year reflected the impact of the duty increase of over 40% in spirits and nearly 100% in ready to drink, implemented in December 2002. Smirnoff Red and Baileys both gained share. Smirnoff ready to drink volume declined 6%, however Diageo’s share of ready to drink was maintained.
     Volume in each of the local priority brands, Budweiser, Smithwicks and Carlsberg, all declined. The duty increase also impacted volume growth of the category brands, 45% of the volume of which is spirits. Volume of Diageo’s wine brands declined by 7%.

Other business performance drivers:

  Continued decline in the beverage alcohol market driven by a weakening economic environment

As previously described, the beverage alcohol market in Ireland deteriorated further as a result of declining consumer confidence, the continuing slowdown in economic growth and the excise duty increase on spirits and ready to drink which led to retail price increases of around 20%. The social aspects of drinking are a significant issue in Ireland. As part of its ongoing social responsibility programme, Diageo participated fully in the establishment of MEAS — a new independent association established as part of the social responsibility programme undertaken by the industry.


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44 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Spain

                                 
Key measures:  
    2003     2002     Reported     Organic  
    (restated)     (restated)     movement     movement  
    £ million     £ million     %     %  
 
Volume
                    5       (1 )
 
Turnover
    418       368       14       2  
 
Net sales (after deducting excise duties)
    316       286       10       (1 )
 
Marketing
    64       65       (2 )     (9 )
 
Operating profit before exceptional items
    96       90       7       (4 )
 

Reported performance Turnover in the Spanish market increased £50 million to £418 million in the year ended 30 June 2003 compared with the prior year. Operating profit before exceptional items was up £6 million to £96 million in the year ended 30 June 2003.

Organic performance The reasons for the increase in turnover are the favourable impact of exchange rate movements in the year (£20 million) and the benefit of the acquired Seagram brands, principally Cacique, which contributed £35 million to turnover in the six months ended 31 December 2002.

     Operating profit before exceptional items benefited from an £11 million contribution from the acquired Seagram brands, partially offset by an organic decline of £4 million.
                 
Organic brand performance:  
Net
            sales (after  
            deducting  
    Volume     excise duties)  
    movement     movement  
    %     %  
 
JεB
    (3 )     (7 )
 
Baileys
    (2 )     1  
 
Johnnie Walker
    (4 )     (14 )
 
Smirnoff
    (8 )     (2 )
 
Total global priority brands
    (4 )     (7 )
 
Local priority brands
    25       16  
 
Category brands
    3       13  
 
Total
    (1 )     (1 )
 
Organic operating profit was down 4% as the volume increase in dark rum was partially offset by declines in Scotch. Marketing investment declined by 9% mainly due to the decision to reschedule the JεB advertising campaign originally planned for April to September 2003.
     The performance in the six months ended 30 June 2003 was in contrast to that of the first half of the year with volume up 14% having been 11% down in the first half. This was primarily driven by 9% growth in the volume of JεB in the second half and the inclusion of Cacique for the first time in organic growth in the second half.
     The decline in global priority brands in the first half was mainly driven by the poor economic environment and by the tough prior year comparison driven by the duty increase in January 2002. Volume declined by 4% in the full year against a 13% decline in the first half. Net sales (after deducting excise duties) decreased by 7% for the full year against a 11% decline in the first half.
     JεB volume was down 3% for the full year following a decline of 11% in the first half as volume in the second half grew 9%. Johnnie Walker volume was down 4% for the full year having been down 13% in the first half, an increase of 10% in the second half.
     The other major global priority brands in Spain, Smirnoff Red and Baileys, saw volume decline in the difficult environment of the first six months. Volume and net sales (after deducting excise duties) increased in the second half.
     Cacique continued to make share gains partially through increased distribution and, benefiting from its leading position in a growing category, volume was up 40%. In addition, a price increase was implemented in May 2003. Cardhu volume grew 2%.

Other business performance drivers:

  Market share gains on JεB, Baileys, Johnnie Walker Red Label and Cacique

In the Scotch segment, Diageo’s brands gained share slightly with gains by JεB and Johnnie Walker Red Label partially offset by share decline in VAT69.


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45 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Key markets

                                 
Key measures:
    2003     2002     Reported     Organic  
    (restated)     (restated)     movement     movement  
    £ million     £ million     %     %  
 
Volume
                          (2 )
 
Turnover
    2,080       2,031       2       2  
 
Net sales (after deducting excise duties)
    1,637       1,584       3       5  
 
Marketing
    220       198       11       11  
 
Operating profit before exceptional items
    502       501             3  
 

Reported performance In key markets, turnover increased £49 million from £2,031 million in the year ended 30 June 2002 to £2,080 million in the year ended 30 June 2003. Operating profit before exceptional items was up £1 million at £502 million for the year ended 30 June 2003.

Organic performance Turnover was boosted by the acquired Seagram brands which contributed £141 million in the six months ended 31 December 2002, and by an organic increase of £46 million. However, unfavourable exchange variances of £108 million (principally in respect of the Venezuelan bolivar), and the impact of disposals of £30 million (principally Malibu £24 million) reduced turnover.

     Operating profit before exceptional items was up £1 million at £502 million for the year ended 30 June 2003. Exchange losses on the Venezuelan bolivar of £30 million were more than offset by the impact of acquired Seagram brands which contributed £39 million to operating profit before exceptional items in the six months ended 31 December 2002.
                 
Organic brand performance:
            Net  
            sales (after  
            deducting  
    Volume     excise duties)  
    movement     movement  
    %     %  
 
Johnnie Walker
    (1 )     (3 )
 
Guinness
    9       29  
 
JεB
    (10 )     (9 )
 
Smirnoff
    2       11  
 
Baileys
    (2 )     2  
 
Total global priority brands
    1       5  
 
Local priority brands
    (3 )     15  
 
Category brands
    (5 )     (1 )
 
Total
    (2 )     5  
 
The volume growth in overall global priority brands was led by a continued strong performance of Guinness in Africa. Johnnie Walker volume declined as growth in Johnnie Walker Red Label, up 2%, was offset by a 6% decline in Johnnie Walker Black Label. Johnnie Walker Black Label was impacted by the tough trading environment in Latin America. Excluding Latin America, Johnnie Walker Black Label volume was up 4%. Ready to drink volume was up 26% driven by further strong performance of Diageo’s ready to drink brands in Australia and by the Smirnoff Ice launches in Taiwan, France, Japan and Global Duty Free.
     Local priority brand volume fell as strong performance on Bundaberg Rum, up 16%, and Guinness Malta, up 17%, only partially compensated for the decline in Buchanans in Venezuela and for the impact which the change of distributor arrangements for Dimple in South Korea had on sales of that brand in the first half. Volume of category brands fell by 5% driven by the decline in VAT69 in Venezuela and by the decline in Spey Royal in Thailand in the first half. This was partially offset by growth in category brand volume in Africa.
     While overall volume declined, net sales (after deducting excise duties) grew, reflecting the benefit of strong price increases gained on the Guinness brand in Africa. Marketing investment grew by 11%, driven by increased spend behind new brand launches and the relaunches of Johnnie Walker and Dimple in South Korea.

 


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46 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Other business performance drivers:

  Strong performance in Africa
 
  Strong volume growth in Australia
 
  Continued impact of difficult economic situation in Latin America
 
  Impact of SARS in Asia and Global Duty Free in the year ended 30 June 2003
 
  Competitor pricing in Portugal

As previously noted, several of Diageo’s key markets are in geographies which faced the most difficult challenges in the year ended 30 June 2003. The overall profitability of the key markets in Latin America declined. This was partially offset by growth in Africa and in South Korea while other key markets broadly maintained operating profit year on year.

     Africa, which is Diageo’s second largest market by volume, and its third largest market by operating profit, gained further momentum in the second half. Volume was up 6% and net sales (after deducting excise duties) were up 18% for the full year. Guinness volume was up 10% driven by the continued success of the Michael Power campaign. Guinness Malta volume increased by 17% as distribution improved in Nigeria and Cameroon. Additional packaging and brewing capacity, resulting from recent investment in Nigeria and Cameroon, was also a major contributory factor behind the growth of both Guinness and Guinness Malta. Further capacity expansion projects were planned. There was growth across all global priority spirits brands, with the exception of Smirnoff which was impacted by weak economic conditions in South Africa.
     In Latin America, overall volume and operating profit declined by 16% and 30% respectively. This reflected a dramatic decline in the Venezuelan business and a 7% volume decline in other Latin American markets. Despite a tough environment, all markets remained profitable and there were successes for a number of brands. For example, Smirnoff Red volume in Brazil grew by 12% as the brand benefited from increased marketing investment. Mexico’s performance was also strong with volume up by 22%, driven by JεB and Baileys which were moved to in-house distribution during the year ended 30 June 2003.
     In South Korea, Windsor, the leading Scotch whisky brand, gained share in the year and volume grew by 1% in the six months ended 30 June 2003. The structure of the acquisition of the Windsor brands has delivered an operating profit margin improvement. The in-house distribution arrangements for Dimple, the third largest Scotch whisky brand, were fully operational by 30 June 2003. Dimple distribution was rebuilt from 53% to over 80% of target accounts. The performance of the Scotch whisky category slowed in the second half, impacted by the weaker economic environment.
     Global Duty Free volume was level, despite the impact of the Iraqi conflict and the SARS outbreak on world travel in the year ended 30 June 2003. This reflected extremely strong customer and consumer activities and continued investment in priority brands in this high profile market. Smirnoff Ice was launched in the year ended 30 June 2003 in a number of duty free markets and Tanqueray No. TEN was also launched with very strong impact.
     In Australia, Diageo’s leadership position was reinforced as overall share of spirits grew by over 7 percentage points in the year as all the priority brands gained share. Diageo’s spirits business in Australia benefited from focus on programmes to improve quality of serve in the on trade and to improve merchandising in both the on and off trade. Overall volume increased 16% and net sales (after deducting excise duties) were up 14%. Net sales (after deducting excise duties) per equivalent unit were slightly down due to the decision to reposition the prices of ready to drink brands to an appropriate price premium to beer. The strong volume growth was driven by Johnnie Walker up 35%, Baileys up 7% and Bundaberg up 16%. Diageo’s ready to drink business grew by 30%. Dark spirits ready to drink performed exceptionally well with both Johnnie Walker and Bundaberg Premix increasing their share of the total ready to drink category. Despite the strong volume performance, operating profit growth was constrained by higher marketing investment and higher pension costs.
     Despite a reduction in general consumer confidence, the beverage alcohol market in Greece was stable and Diageo’s volume grew 3%. Volume growth was principally driven by Johnnie Walker Red Label up 5% and Johnnie Walker Black Label up 10%, as both gained share. Ready to drink volume grew 4% as growth in Smirnoff Ice up 8%, and Gordon’s Space up 5%, offset weakness in Archers Aqua and Smirnoff Mule. Marketing expenditure was up 5% to support the launch of new campaigns on a number of brands.
     In Taiwan, the key driver of volume growth of 9% was again Johnnie Walker which increased 9%. Pricing remained flat in the year but net sales (after deducting excise duties) grew 16% due to mix improvements.
     In Japan, overall volume declined 1%, with Johnnie Walker down 17% and Old Parr down 15%. The Scotch category is in decline and Diageo’s brands have also lost some share. This was offset by volume growth in Guinness, up 17%. Smirnoff Ice sold 51,000 equivalent units between its launch in May and 30 June 2003.
     In Portugal, Diageo’s strategy was to maintain price and not follow the aggressive discounting policy of competitors. In addition a new route to market was introduced in the year ended 30 June 2003 which led to a reduction in stock held by distributors. Consequently, volume was down 36% and net sales (after deducting excise duties) were down 39%. The change in market dynamics was considered to be long term and, as Diageo’s strategy is to maximise value not volume, Portugal has been managed as a venture market since 1 July 2003.


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47 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Venture markets

                                 
Key measures:
    2003     2002     Reported     Organic  
    (restated)     (restated)     movement     movement  
    £ million     £ million     %     %  
 
Volume
                    2       6  
 
Turnover
    1,212       1,144       6       10  
 
Net sales (after deducting excise duties)
    956       876       9       14  
 
Marketing
    167       138       21       27  
 
Operating profit before exceptional items
    262       233       12       17  
 

Reported performance Turnover in venture markets increased by £68 million from £1,144 million in the year ended 30 June 2002 to £1,212 million in the year ended 30 June 2003. Operating profit before exceptional items, at £262 million for the year ended 30 June 2003, was £29 million higher than in the previous year.

Organic performance The main factor for the improvement in turnover was the strong organic growth which added £108 million to turnover compared with the previous year. However, this was offset by unfavourable exchange movements of £21 million and the disposal of brands of £31 million (principally Malibu £17 million and Gilbey’s Green and White Label whiskies £9 million).

     The principal element of the increase in operating profit before exceptional items was organic growth of £38 million.
                 
Organic brand performance:
            Net  
            sales (after  
            deducting  
    Volume     excise duties)  
    movement     movement  
    %     %  
 
Johnnie Walker
    7       10  
 
Smirnoff
    25       82  
 
Guinness
    1       3  
 
Baileys
    11       10  
 
JεB
    4       4  
 
Total global priority brands
    11       22  
 
Local priority brands
    (3 )     10  
 
Category brands
    (2 )     (1 )
 
Total
    6       14  
 

  Smirnoff volume excluding ready to drink was up 4% and net sales (after deducting excise duties) were up 8%

  Excluding ready to drink, volume was up 2% and net sales (after deducting excise duties) were up 4%

Volume growth reflected strong growth in global priority brands. In addition, ready to drink was an important contributor to venture markets’ growth with further rollouts of Smirnoff Red and Black Ice as well as the full year benefit of the previous year’s launches.

     Johnnie Walker volume grew 7%, however growth slowed in the second half of the year due in part to the impact of the Iraqi conflict and the SARS outbreak on travel in the year ended 30 June 2003. Johnnie Walker Black Label volume was up 12% and Johnnie Walker Red Label grew 4% driven by strong performance across most of the venture markets with the exception of Germany where volume was constrained by competition from lower priced products.
     Smirnoff Red volume increased 4% as the brand continued to benefit from the improvement in brand equity which has resulted from the launch of Smirnoff Ice across venture markets. In addition, marketing investment behind Smirnoff Red rose by 7%. Net sales (after deducting excise duties) of Smirnoff benefited from the favourable mix impact of ready to drink.
     Guinness volume improved in the second half driven by strong performance in Malaysia. Volume of Red Stripe in Jamaica, venture markets’ only local priority brand, was impacted in the second half by the worsening economic conditions in Jamaica and excise duty increases, but net sales (after deducting excise duties) benefited from price increases in the second half.
     Baileys volume grew by 11%, as the brand benefited from an extremely strong holiday programme and marketing investment was increased by 15% versus the prior year.

Other business performance drivers:

  Marketing investment up 27% mainly behind ready to drink launches and longer term growth projects
 
  Operating profit growth led by the Caribbean, Middle East, Nordics and Germany

 


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48 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Marketing investment grew by 27% due to investment to support ready to drink launches as well as investment to support longer term growth behind Baileys in Germany, Italy, the Caribbean and venture markets in Latin America and Johnnie Walker in Asia and the Caribbean.

     The Caribbean and the Middle East markets performed strongly as a result of good performance across the global priority brands with volume up on these brands 20% and 10%, respectively.
     In Norway, Diageo’s business was successfully maintained by a third party distributor during the six month suspension of Diageo’s trading licence and volume grew. Diageo is fully operational in Norway following the reinstatement of the trading licence in February 2003 and Smirnoff, Bell’s and Gordon’s all gained share in the off trade, a segment which is showing strong growth following a reduction in excise duties. Smirnoff Ice continued to perform well in the Nordics and volume was 100,000 equivalent units in the year ended 30 June 2003.
     In Germany, in the year ended 30 June 2003, ready to drink was the fastest growing segment in the spirits market and from its launch in February 2002, Smirnoff Ice sold nearly 500,000 equivalent units by 30 June 2003. Germany has been managed as a key market since 1 July 2003. In the Netherlands, the second half performance was adversely impacted by an 18% duty increase in January 2003 and volume was down 2%.
     In the venture markets across Asia, overall volume grew by 1% despite the impact on the year ended 30 June 2003 of the SARS outbreak. In India, the sale of the Gilbey’s Green and White Label whiskies in December 2002 resulted in increased focus on the global priority brands. However, strong volume growth in India was offset by weakness in the Philippines where the decline in travel as a result of the SARS outbreak noted above impacted in the duty free channel.

Trend information

On 8 July 2004 Diageo issued a statement about current trading. The following is an extract from this statement:

     Looking forward to the new financial year, Diageo expects that organic growth in volume, net sales (after deducting excise duties) and operating profit will be similar to that achieved in the year ended 30 June 2004. Based on current exchange rates, the adverse impact of exchange rate movements on profit before exceptionals and tax in fiscal 2005 is estimated to be £100 million, mainly due to year on year weakness in the dollar and currencies such as the Nigerian naira and the Venezuelan bolivar which cannot be hedged.
     The following comments were made by Paul Walsh, CEO of Diageo, on the current financial year in Diageo’s preliminary announcement on 2 September 2004.
     ‘As we begin the new financial year we reiterate the guidance we gave at the time of the July trading statement as we do not see any major changes in the trading environment we face. Europe remains our key business challenge and North America continues to provide our biggest opportunity. We will continue to invest in our brands and markets to capture the highest value growth opportunities for our shareholders.’

Liquidity and capital resources

                         
Cash flow A summary of the cash flow and reconciliation to movement in net borrowings for the three years ended 30 June 2004 is as follows:
    Year ended 30 June
     
            2003     2002  
    2004     (restated)     (restated)  
    £ million     £ million     £ million  
 
Operating profit
    1,871       1,787       1,530  
 
Exceptional operating costs
    40       168       470  
 
Restructuring and integration payments
    (97 )     (185 )     (148 )
 
Depreciation and amortisation charge
    224       249       300  
 
Increase in working capital
    (13 )     (227 )     (125 )
 
Other items
    96       178       (19 )
 
Net cash inflow from operating activities
    2,121       1,970       2,008  
 
Dividends received from associates
    224       60       87  
 
Interest and dividends paid to minority interests
    (299 )     (355 )     (400 )
 
Taxation
    (298 )     (105 )     (311 )
 
Net sale/(purchase) of investments
    9       (20 )     (8 )
 
Net capital expenditure
    (307 )     (341 )     (520 )
 
Free cash flow
    1,450       1,209       856  
 
Acquisitions and disposals
    (34 )     833       1,508  
 
Equity dividends paid
    (800 )     (767 )     (758 )
 
Issue of share capital
    4       4       11  
 
Net purchase of own shares for share trusts
    (4 )     (65 )     (64 )
 
Own shares purchased for cancellation
    (306 )     (852 )     (1,658 )
 
Exchange adjustments
    371       227       267  
 
Non-cash items
    45       37       (179 )
 
Decrease/(increase) in net borrowings
    726       626       (17 )
 
Following the implementation of UITF 38 (see note 1 to the consolidated financial statements), the cash flow for the years ended 30 June 2003 and 30 June 2002 have been restated to present the cash outflow in respect of the net purchase of shares for the employee share trusts below free cash flow. This resulted in an increase to free cash flow of £65 million in the year ended 30 June 2003 (2002 — £64 million).

 


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49 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

The primary sources of the group’s liquidity over the last three fiscal years have been cash generated from operations and cash received from disposals. A portion of these funds has been used to fund acquisitions, share repurchases, to pay interest, dividends and taxes, and to fund capital expenditure.

     Free cash flow is a non-GAAP liquidity measure that comprises the net cash flow arising from operating activities, dividends received from associates, returns on investments and servicing of finance, taxation, and capital expenditure and financial investment. Free cash flow as used by the group covers all the items that are required by FRS 1 to be on the face of the cash flow statement down to, and including, capital expenditure and financial investment. It is therefore a natural sub-total but may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies. The group’s management believe the measure assists users of the financial statements in understanding the group’s cash generating performance as it comprises items which arise from the running of the ongoing business. Where appropriate, separate discussion is given for the impacts of acquisitions and disposals of businesses, equity dividends and purchase of own shares — each of which arises from decisions which are independent from the running of the ongoing underlying business. The management regards capital expenditure as ultimately non-discretionary since ongoing investment in plant and machinery is required to support the day-to-day operations, whereas acquisitions and disposals of businesses are discretionary. However, free cash flow does not necessarily reflect all amounts which the group either has a constructive or legal obligation to incur. The free cash flow measure is also used by management for their own planning, budgeting, reporting and incentive purposes since it provides information on those elements of performance which local managers are most directly able to influence.
     Free cash flow generated was £1,450 million, compared with £1,209 million in the year ended 30 June 2003 and £856 million in the year ended 30 June 2002. The two years ended 30 June 2003 and 30 June 2002 have been restated following the adoption of UITF 38 whereby shares purchased and sold by the employee share trusts no longer form part of capital expenditure and financial investment. Cash inflow, in the year ended 30 June 2004, from operating activities was £2,121 million (2003 — £1,970 million; 2002 — £2,008 million). Discontinued operations in the year ended 30 June 2003 contributed £76 million (2002 — £346 million) to operating cash flow. Operating cash flow included £97 million of restructuring and integration costs compared with £185 million and £148 million in the years ended 30 June 2003 and 30 June 2002 respectively. Working capital increased by £13 million in the year ended 30 June 2004 compared to increases of £227 million and £125 million in the comparative years. During 2004, three separate dividends were received from Diageo’s investment in Moët Hennessy compared with none in the year ended 30 June 2003. Diageo’s investment in Moët Hennessy in France and the United States was managed during 2004 through a partnership in which Diageo has a 34% interest. The dividends received during the year include £65 million of receipts from Moët Hennessy to cover amounts payable by Diageo to the tax authorities. Interest payments including dividends paid to minority interests were £299 million compared with £355 million in the year ended 30 June 2003 and £400 million in the year ended 30 June 2002. Purchases of tangible fixed assets in the current year amounted to £327 million (2003 — £382 million; 2002 — £585 million) and were wholly attributable to the premium drinks segment (2003 — premium drinks £315 million and discontinued operations £67 million; 2002 — £330 million and £255 million, respectively). There were no individually significant expenditures on tangible fixed assets during the three years ended 30 June 2004. Tax payments were higher in the year ended 30 June 2004 than in the comparative year as refunds from the US and UK tax authorities were received in the year ended 30 June 2003.
     Sale of businesses cost £17 million as a result of payments made in respect of businesses previously disposed of (2003 — generated £912 million; 2002 — generated £5,100 million). The sale consideration received in the year ended 30 June 2003 of £912 million included £642 million from the disposal of Burger King, and £173 million ($273 million) from the contingent value right received as final settlement from General Mills on the sale of Pillsbury. In addition, in the year ended 30 June 2003, £58 million ($89 million) was received from the call option agreements granted to General Mills over 29 million of General Mills’ ordinary shares held by Diageo. The sale consideration received in the year ended 30 June 2002 arose principally from the disposal of Pillsbury and the subsequent sale of shares in General Mills to General Mills, the Malibu brand disposal and the subsequent sale of businesses acquired in connection with the Seagram acquisition.
     In the year ended 30 June 2004, acquisitions cost £17 million. The sale consideration received in the year ended 30 June 2003 was offset by cash outflows in respect of acquisitions of £137 million (2002 — £3,592 million, of which the Seagram spirits and wine businesses accounted for £3,533 million).
     The company spent a net £4 million on the purchase of its own ordinary shares for employee option schemes compared to £65 million in the prior year and £64 million in the year ended 30 June 2002.

Capital repayments The group’s management is committed to enhancing shareholder value, both by investing in the businesses and brands so as to improve the return on investment and by managing the capital structure so as to reduce the cost of capital, while maintaining prudent financial ratios. See ‘Risk management’ below.

     The company acquired, and subsequently cancelled, 43 million (2003 — 116 million; 2002 — 198 million) ordinary shares during the year ended 30 June 2004 for a consideration including expenses of £306 million (2003 — £852 million; 2002 — £1,658 million). The group continues to review its capital structure and will continue to conduct share buy-backs when appropriate.

Borrowings Following a board review in June 2003, the group policy with regard to the expected maturity profile of net borrowings of group financing companies is to limit the proportion of such borrowings maturing within 12 months to 50% of gross borrowings less money market demand deposits, and the level of commercial paper to 30% of gross borrowings less money market demand deposits. Previously group policy was to maintain the proportion of borrowings maturing within one year at below 60% of total borrowings, and to maintain the level of commercial paper at below 50% of total borrowings. In addition, it is group policy to maintain backstop facility terms from relationship banks to support commercial paper obligations.


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50 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review
                         
The group’s net borrowings comprise the following:
    As at 30 June
     
    2004     2003     2002  
    £ million     £ million     £ million  
 
Overdrafts
    (74 )     (83 )     (295 )
 
Other borrowings due within one year
    (1,927 )     (3,480 )     (3,423 )
 
Borrowings due within one year
    (2,001 )     (3,563 )     (3,718 )
 
Borrowings due between one and three years
    (910 )     (919 )     (2,755 )
 
Borrowings due between three and five years
    (1,499 )     (1,267 )     (332 )
 
Borrowings due after more than five years
    (907 )     (795 )     (624 )
 
Finance leases
          (1 )     (28 )
 
Interest rate and foreign currency swaps
    6       484       365  
 
Gross borrowings after the impact of foreign currency swaps
  (5,311 )     (6,061 )     (7,092 )
 
Offset by:
                       
 
Cash at bank and liquid resources
  1,167       1,191       1,596  
 
 
  (4,144 )     (4,870 )     (5,496 )
 
                                         
The group’s gross borrowings (after the impact of foreign currency swaps) were denominated in the following currencies:
    Total     US dollar     Sterling     Euro     Other  
    £ million     %     %     %     %  
 
Gross borrowings
                                       
 
2004
    (5,311 )     81       (9 )     22       6  
 
2003
    (6,061 )     80       (9 )     24       5  
 
2002
    (7,092 )     77             18       5  
 
                                         
Cash at bank and liquid resources were denominated in the following currencies (liquid resources represent amounts placed with financial institutions which require notice of withdrawals of more than 24 hours to avoid an interest penalty, and amounts placed with government agencies):
    Total     US dollar     Sterling     Euro     Other  
    £ million     %     %     %     %  
 
Cash at bank and liquid resources
                                       
 
2004
    1,167       49       13       13       25  
 
2003
    1,191       53       14       15       18  
 
2002
    1,596       46       33       7       14  
 
The effective interest rate for the year ended 30 June 2004, based on average monthly net borrowings and interest charge, excluding the group’s share of associate interest was 4.7% (2003 — 5.3%; 2002 — 7.4%).
     Borrowings due within one year (net of interest rate and foreign currency swaps) for 2004 were £1,995 million (2003 — £3,079 million; 2002 — £3,687 million).
                         
The following table summarises the group’s borrowings, excluding overdrafts and interest rate and foreign currency swaps.
    As at 30 June
     
    2004     2003     2002  
    £ million     £ million     £ million  
 
Global bonds
    (1,639 )     (1,808 )     (657 )
 
Yankee bonds
    (384 )     (423 )     (788 )
 
Zero coupon bonds
          (712 )     (714 )
 
Guaranteed notes
    (220 )     (242 )     (263 )
 
Preferred capital securities
    (412 )     (455 )     (493 )
 
Medium term notes
    (919 )     (593 )     (1,067 )
 
Commercial paper
    (377 )     (863 )     (1,600 )
 
Others
    (1,292 )     (1,366 )     (1,580 )
 
 
    (5,243 )     (6,462 )     (7,162 )
 

 


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51 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

During the year ended 30 June 2004, the group borrowed 300 million (£201 million) in the form of a medium term note that matures in 2006, $500 million (£275 million) in the form of a global bond that matures in 2006, $200 million (£110 million) in the form of a medium term note that matures in 2007, 500 million (£336 million) in the form of a medium term note that matures in 2009, and $500 million (£275 million) in the form of a global bond that matures in 2011. These proceeds have been used in the ongoing cash management and funding activities of the group. During the year ended 30 June 2003, the group borrowed $1,000 million (£550 million) in the form of a global bond that matures in 2007, $1,000 million (£550 million) in the form of a global bond that matures in 2008, and $200 million (£110 million) in the form of a medium term note that matures in 2018. During the year ended 30 June 2002, the group borrowed £500 million in the form of a guaranteed bond, ¥5,000 million (£25 million) and 100 million (£67 million) in the form of medium term notes that matured in 2002, and 300 million (£201 million) and $100 million (£55 million) in the form of medium term notes that matured in 2003.

     The £726 million decrease in net borrowings from 30 June 2003 to 30 June 2004 reflected free cash flow (see Glossary) of £1,450 million noted above, and the benefits from favourable exchange rate movements of £371 million, less £306 million on the repurchase of shares and an £800 million equity dividend payment. The £626 million decrease in net borrowings from 30 June 2002 to 30 June 2003 reflected free cash flow of £1,209 million, net receipts for sales/purchases of businesses of £833 million and decreases due to exchange movements of £227 million, less dividends paid of £767 million and own shares purchased for cancellation of £852 million.
     At 30 June 2004, the group had available undrawn committed bank facilities of £1,758 million (2003 — £1,970 million; 2002 — £2,105 million). Of the facilities, £1,044 million expire in the period up to May 2005 and £714 million expire in the period up to May 2007. Commitment fees are paid on the undrawn portion of these facilities. Borrowings under these facilities will be at prevailing LIBOR rates plus an agreed margin, which is dependent on the period of drawdown. These facilities can be used for general corporate purposes and, together with cash and cash equivalents, support the group’s commercial paper programmes. The committed bank facilities are subject to a single financial covenant, being a minimum interest cover ratio of two times (defined as the ratio of operating profit before exceptional items aggregated with share of associates’profits to net interest). They are also subject to pari passu ranking and negative pledge covenants.
     Any non-compliance with covenants underlying Diageo’s financing arrangements could, if not waived, constitute an event of default with respect to any such arrangements, and any non-compliance with covenants may, in particular circumstances, lead to an acceleration of maturity on certain notes and the inability to access committed facilities. Diageo was in full compliance with all of its financial covenants throughout each of the periods presented.
     Capital commitments not provided for at 30 June 2004 were estimated at £99 million (2003 — £62 million; 2002 — £43 million).
     Diageo management believes that it has sufficient funding for its working capital requirements.
                                         
Contractual obligations

As at 30 June 2004   Payments due by period
     
    Less than                     More than        
    1 year     1-3 years     3-5 years     5 years     Total  
    £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million     £ million  
 
Long term debt obligations
    1,550       910       1,499       907       4,866  
 
Operating leases
    66       105       85       262       518  
 
Purchase obligations
    601       665       352       650       2,268  
 
Provisions for liabilities and charges and creditors greater than one year
    123       130       11       20       284  
 
 
    2,340       1,810       1,947       1,839       7,936  
 
Long term debt obligations comprise borrowings (before deducting interest rate and foreign currency swaps) with an original maturity of greater than one year. Purchase obligations include various long term purchase contracts entered into for the supply of certain raw materials, principally grapes, cans and glass bottles. The contracts are used to guarantee supply of raw materials over the long term and to enable more accurate predictions of future costs. It is expected that all contractual commitments will be funded from future operating cash flows and no new borrowings will be required to meet these obligations. Provisions for liabilities and charges and creditors greater than one year exclude £37 million in respect of vacant properties (included in operating leases), £107 million for an onerous contract (included in purchase obligations), post employment provisions and deferred taxation.
     In addition the group has £312 million of 9.42% cumulative guaranteed preferred securities which are included in non-equity minority interests on the consolidated balance sheet. The securities are redeemable only at the option of the company on or after 16 November 2004.


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52 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Off-balance sheet arrangements

In connection with the disposal of businesses, the group has given guarantees of third party debt which were necessary to complete the disposals on the most favourable terms. The directors are not aware of any instances of default by the borrowers at present, but the ability of the borrowers to continue to be in compliance with the guaranteed debt instruments, and in particular remaining current on payments of interest and repayments of principal, is significantly dependent on the current and future operations of those borrowers and their affiliates. Diageo has guaranteed up to $850 million (£467 million) of external borrowings of Burger King until December 2007. These loans had an original term of five years from December 2002, although Diageo and Burger King agreed to structure their arrangements to encourage refinancing by Burger King on a non-guaranteed basis prior to the end of five years. The primary covenants under the guarantee are pari passu ranking and negative pledge. See ‘Additional information for shareholders — Material contracts — Agreement for the sale of Burger King Corporation’ for further information. In connection with the disposal of Pillsbury in October 2001, Diageo has guaranteed debt of International Multifoods Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of The JM Smucker Company as from 18 June 2004, to the amount of $200 million (£110 million), repayable in November 2009.

     In addition, certain of the acquired Seagram businesses had pre-existing guarantees at the date of the acquisition in relation to the solvency of a third party partnership. This partnership has outstanding loans of $100 million (£55 million). Vivendi has indemnified the group against any losses relating to these arrangements.
     The above guarantees are unrelated to the ongoing operations of the group’s premium drinks business.
     The group also has unrecognised gains and losses of £153 million and £89 million, respectively, in respect of financial instruments at 30 June 2004. For further disclosures with regard to financial instruments, see note 18 to the consolidated financial statements.
     Save as disclosed above, neither Diageo plc nor any member of the Diageo group has any off-balance sheet financing arrangements that currently have or are reasonably likely to have a material future effect on the group’s financial condition, changes in financial condition, results of operation, liquidity, capital expenditure or capital resources.

Risk management

The group’s funding, liquidity and exposure to interest rate and foreign exchange rate risks are managed by the group’s treasury department. The treasury department uses a combination of derivative and conventional financial instruments to manage these underlying treasury risks.

     Treasury operations are conducted within a framework of board-approved policies and guidelines, which are recommended and subsequently monitored by the finance committee (this committee is described in the corporate governance report). These include benchmark exposure and/or hedge cover levels for key areas of treasury risk. The benchmarks, hedge cover and overall appropriateness of Diageo’s risk management policies are reviewed by the board following, for example, significant business, strategic or accounting changes. In June 2002 the board reviewed and approved changes to the group’s interest rate and foreign exchange risk management policies. The transition to the revised policies, which are described below, began during the year ended 30 June 2003. In June 2003, the board reviewed and approved further changes to the group’s liquidity risk management policies. The transition to these new policies, which are described below, took place during the year ended 30 June 2004. The framework provides for limited defined levels of flexibility in execution to allow for the optimal application of the board-approved strategies. Transactions giving rise to exposures away from the defined benchmark levels arising on the application of this flexibility are separately monitored on a daily basis using value at risk analysis. They are carried at fair value and gains or losses are taken to the profit and loss account as they arise. At 30 June 2004 gains and losses on these transactions were not material.
     The finance committee receives bi-monthly reports on the activities of the treasury department, including any exposures away from the defined benchmarks. The internal control environment is reviewed regularly.

Currency risk The group publishes its consolidated financial statements in sterling and conducts business in many foreign currencies. As a result, it is subject to foreign currency exchange risk due to exchange rate movements which will affect the group’s transaction costs, and the translation of the results and underlying net assets of its foreign subsidiaries.

     The group hedges a substantial portion of its exposure to fluctuations on the translation into sterling of its foreign currency net assets by holding net borrowings in foreign currencies and by using foreign currency swaps and cross currency interest rate swaps. The group’s policy is to seek to hedge currency exposure on its net assets before net borrowings at approximately the following percentages — 90% for US dollars, 90% for euros and 50% for other significant currencies where a liquid foreign exchange market exists. This policy leaves the remaining part of the group’s net assets before net borrowings subject to currency movements. Exchange differences arising on the retranslation of foreign currency net borrowings and foreign exchange swaps are recognised in the statement of total recognised gains and losses to match exchange differences on foreign equity investments, in accordance with SSAP 20. In order to achieve hedge accounting for its net investment in currency denominated assets under International Financial Reporting Standards, Diageo will need to introduce additional processes to determine, monitor and document the effectiveness of the hedges in the context of the underlying exposure. Diageo has established a project team to determine the appropriate processes.
     For currencies in which there is an active market, the group seeks to hedge between 80% and 100% of forecast transactional foreign exchange rate risk, for up to a maximum of 21 months forward, using forward foreign currency exchange contracts. The gain or loss on the hedge is recognised at the same time as the underlying transaction. Under International Financial Reporting Standards, the degree of confidence in forecast future cash flows required to achieve hedge accounting will increase. This will lead to a reduction in the volume of such hedging transactions.

 


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53 Diageo Annual Report 2004
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Interest rate risk The group has an exposure to interest rate risk and within this category of market risk, is most vulnerable to changes in US dollar, sterling and euro interest rates. To manage interest rate risk, the group manages its proportion of fixed to variable rate borrowings within limits approved by the board, primarily through issuing long term fixed rate bonds, medium term notes and floating rate commercial paper, and by utilising interest rate swaps, cross currency interest rate swaps and swaptions. The profile of fixed rate to floating rate net borrowings is maintained according to the duration measure that is equivalent to an approximate 50% fixed and 50% floating amortising profile. The number of years within the amortising profile depends on a template approved by the board. The floating element of US dollar borrowing is partly protected using interest rate collars. Following the June 2002 policy review, the level of interest rate collars will continue to reduce. Remaining interest rate collars as at 30 June 2004 will take up to approximately two years to expire. In addition, where appropriate, the group may use forward rate agreements to manage short term interest rate exposures. Swaps, swaptions, forward rate agreements and collars are accounted for as hedges. Such management serves to increase the accuracy of the business planning process. Diageo has a target range for cash interest cover (defined as operating profit before exceptional items, interest, tax, depreciation, amortisation and share of associates’ profits, and after dividends received from associates, over net interest cash flow including minority interest dividends) of five to eight times and under the current economic environment Diageo’s intention is to be at the higher end of this range. The top limit may, however, be exceeded on certain occasions. The full impact of International Financial Reporting Standards on Diageo’s interest rate risk management policy and the extent to which Diageo will be able to continue to hedge account for interest rate derivatives are under review. The interest expense recognised in the consolidated profit and loss account may be more sensitive to changes in interest rates under International Financial Reporting Standards than under current hedge accounting.

Liquidity risk Following the June 2003 board review, the group’s policy with regard to the expected maturity profile of group financing companies’ borrowings is to limit the proportion of such borrowings maturing within 12 months to 50% of gross borrowings less money market demand deposits and the level of commercial paper to 30% of gross borrowings less money market demand deposits. Previously group policy was to maintain the proportion of borrowings maturing within 12 months at below 60% of total borrowings, and to maintain the level of commercial paper at below 50% of total borrowings. In addition, it is group policy to maintain backstop facility terms from relationship banks to support commercial paper obligations.

Credit risk A large number of major international financial institutions are counterparties to the interest rate swaps, foreign exchange contracts and deposits transacted by the group. Group policy is to enter into such transactions only with counterparties with a long term credit rating of A or better. The group monitors its credit exposure to its counterparties, together with their credit ratings.

Commodity price risk The group uses commodity futures and options to hedge against price risk in certain commodities. All commodity futures and options contracts hedge a projected future purchase of raw material. Commodity futures or options are then either closed out at the time the raw material is purchased or they are exchanged with the company manufacturing the raw material to determine the contract price. Commodity contracts are held in the balance sheet at fair value but any gains and losses are deferred until the contracts are closed out or exchanged. Open contracts at 30 June 2004 and gains and losses realised in the year or deferred at the balance sheet date were not significant.

Employee share schemes Awards and option grants vesting under the various employee share schemes are generally satisfied by the transfer of existing shares. These awards and option grants are hedged through the purchase of shares or call options. Exceptions to this policy are in respect of exercises under certain GrandMet and international schemes that are satisfied by the issue of new equity.

Insurance The group purchases insurance for commercial, or where required, for legal or contractual reasons. In addition, the group retains insurable risk where external insurance is not considered an economic means of financing these losses.

Sensitivity analysis

For financial instruments held, the group has used a sensitivity analysis technique that measures the change in the fair value of the group’s financial instruments from hypothetical changes in market rates.

     The amounts generated from the sensitivity analysis are forward-looking estimates of market risk assuming certain adverse market conditions occur. Actual results in the future may differ materially from those projected results due to developments in the global financial markets which may cause fluctuations in interest and exchange rates to vary from the hypothetical amounts disclosed in the table below, which therefore should not be considered a projection of likely future events and losses.
     The estimated changes in the fair values of borrowings, the guaranteed preferred securities and the associated derivative financial instruments at 30 June 2004 are set out in the table below. The fair values of quoted borrowings and guaranteed preferred securities are based on year end mid-market quoted prices. The fair values of other borrowings, derivative financial instruments and other financial liabilities and assets are estimated by discounting the future cash flows to net present values using appropriate market rates prevailing at the year end. These are based on rates obtained from third parties.
     The estimated changes in fair values for interest rate movements are based on an instantaneous decrease of 1% (100 basis points) in the specific rate of interest applicable to each class of financial instruments from the levels effective at 30 June 2004, with all other variables remaining constant. The estimated changes in the fair value for foreign exchange rates are based on an instantaneous 10% weakening in sterling against all other currencies from the levels applicable at 30 June 2004, with all other variables remaining constant. Such analysis is for illustrative purposes only as, in practice, market rates rarely change in isolation.

 


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54 Diageo Annual Report 2004
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Sensitivity analysis table at 30 June 2004
    Fair value changes arising from:  
     
            1% fall     10%  
    Estimated     in interest     weakening  
    fair value     rates     in sterling  
    £ million     £ million     £ million  
 
Borrowings
    (5,463 )     (170 )     (509 )
 
Interest rate contracts
    (5 )     58       (2 )
 
Foreign exchange contracts:
                       
 
Transaction
    38             (101 )
 
Balance sheet translation
    19             (132 )
 
Guaranteed preferred securities
    (320 )           (36 )
 
Written call options re General Mills’ shares*
    (41 )     (3 )     (5 )
 
Other financial net assets
    2,077       7       238  
 
*Diageo has sold call options to General Mills giving General Mills the option to purchase 29 million of General Mills’ shares held by Diageo subject to certain limitations. The call options have a strike price of $51.56 and expire in October 2005. The estimated fair value of the call options was derived using a Black Scholes model using market volatility, share price and interest rates as at 30 June 2004. It is estimated that a 15% increase in the share price of General Mills would increase the negative fair value by £29 million.

Critical UK GAAP accounting policies

The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United Kingdom. Diageo’s accounting policies are set out in the notes to the consolidated financial statements in this annual report. In applying these policies the directors are required to make estimates and subjective judgements that may affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date and reported profit for the year. The directors base these on a combination of past experience and any other evidence that is relevant to the particular circumstance. The actual outcome could differ from those estimates. Of Diageo’s accounting policies, the directors consider that policies in relation to the following areas are of greater complexity and/or particularly subject to the exercise of judgement.

Brands, goodwill and other intangibles Acquired brands are held on the consolidated balance sheet at cost. Where brands are regarded as having indefinite useful economic lives, they are not amortised. Assessment of the useful economic life of an asset, or that an asset has an indefinite life, requires considerable management judgement.

     Impairment reviews are carried out to ensure that intangible assets, including brands, are not carried at above their recoverable amounts. In particular, the group performs a discounted cash flow analysis annually to compare discounted estimated future operating cash flows to the net carrying value of each acquired brand. The analysis is based on a three year forecast with terminal values being calculated using the lower of the growth rate implicit in the company’s strategic plan and the long term growth rate (the real GDP growth rate of the country plus its inflation rate) of the principal countries in which the majority of the profits of each brand are generated. The estimated cash flows are discounted at the group’s weighted average cost of capital in the relevant country. Any impairment write downs identified are charged to the profit and loss account.
     The test is dependent on management estimates and judgements, in particular in relation to the forecasting of future cash flows, and the discount rate applied to these cash flows. Neither a 1% reduction in the long term growth rate assumptions used nor a 1% increase in the discount rate would result in any impairment charge.

Post employment benefits Diageo accounts for post employment benefits in accordance with FRS 17. Application of FRS 17 requires the exercise of judgement in relation to various assumptions including future pay rises in excess of inflation, employee and pensioner demographics and the future expected returns on assets.

     Diageo determines the assumptions to be adopted in discussion with its actuaries, and believes these assumptions to be in line with UK practice generally, but the application of different assumptions could have a significant effect on the amounts reflected in the profit and loss account and balance sheet in respect of post employment benefits. The assumptions vary among the countries in which the group operates, and there may be an interdependency between some of the assumptions. A list of the major assumptions used by the group for the three years ended 30 June 2004 are set out in note 5 to the consolidated financial statements. It would be impracticable to give the impact of the effect of changes in all of the assumptions used to calculate the post employment charges in the profit and loss account and balance sheet, but the following disclosures are provided to assist the reader in assessing the impact of changes in the more critical assumptions.
     The finance charges included in the profit and loss account for post employment benefits are partly calculated by assuming an estimated rate of return on the assets held by the post employment plans. For the year ended 30 June 2004 this was based on the assumption that equities would outperform fixed interest government bonds by three percentage points. A one percentage point increase in this assumption would have improved profit before taxation by approximately £30 million.
     The rates used to discount the liabilities of the post employment plans are determined by using rates of return on high quality corporate bonds of appropriate currency and term of the plan liabilities. A half a percentage point decrease in the discount rate assumption used to determine the profit and loss account charge in the year ended 30 June 2004 would have improved profit before taxation by approximately £11 million. A half a percentage point decrease in the discount rate assumption used to determine the post employment liability at 30 June 2004 would have increased the liabilities by approximately £385 million.


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55 Diageo Annual Report 2004
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The net liability for post employment benefits is partly determined by the market value at the end of the year of the assets owned by the post employment plans. A 10% movement in worldwide equity values would increase/decrease the net pension liability before tax at 30 June 2004 by approximately £280 million.

Operating exceptional items Operating exceptional items are those that, in management’s judgement, are material items that arise from events or transactions that fall within the ordinary activities of the group but, by virtue of their size or incidence, should be separately disclosed if the consolidated financial statements are to properly reflect the results for the period. The determination of which items should be separately disclosed as operating exceptional items requires a significant degree of judgement. Exceptional items under UK GAAP do not represent extraordinary items under US GAAP.

Financial instruments The group uses financial instruments to hedge its exposures to fluctuations in interest rates and foreign exchange rates. Instruments accounted for as hedges are structured so as to reduce the market risk associated with the underlying transaction being hedged and are designated as a hedge at the inception of the contract. While UK GAAP includes prescriptive disclosure requirements in relation to financial instruments, it does not include a standard on hedge accounting. Nevertheless, under UK GAAP, hedging principles are generally applied whereby the cash flows on hedge instruments are matched to the underlying hedged risks, with hedging instruments held in the balance sheet at amortised cost. In the absence of detailed guidance under UK GAAP, judgement must be applied in the establishment and application of accounting policies in relation to financial instruments accounted for as hedges.

New accounting standards

The financial information included in this annual report complies, to the extent detailed below, with the following pronouncements issued by the UK Accounting Standards Board (ASB). New UK and US accounting pronouncements that will impact the UK and US GAAP information are also set out below.

United Kingdom The group has adopted the reporting requirements of FRS 17 — Retirement benefits in its primary financial statements from 1 July 2003. The group also complies from 1 July 2003 with the following requirements issued by the UK’s Accounting Standards Board: UITF abstract 38 — Accounting for ESOP trusts, and the amendment to FRS 5 — Reporting the substance of transactions.

     The UK GAAP financial information for the two years ended 30 June 2003 and the appropriate year ends has been restated following the adoption of FRS 17, UITF 38 and the amendment to FRS 5.

FRS 17 — Retirement benefits This standard replaces the use of the actuarial values for assessing pension costs in favour of a market-based approach. In order to cope with the volatility inherent in this measurement basis, the standard requires that the profit and loss account shows the relatively stable ongoing service cost, the expected return on assets and the interest on the liabilities. Differences between expected and actual returns on assets, and the impact on the liabilities of changes in the assumptions, are reflected in the statement of total recognised gains and losses.

     The adoption of FRS 17 has decreased the reported operating profit before exceptional items for the year ended 30 June 2003 by £88 million (year ended 30 June 2002 — £111 million). This charge has been offset by a decrease in exceptional charges of £14 million (year ended 30 June 2002 — decrease in exceptional income of £25 million) and an increase in other finance income of £36 million (year ended 30 June 2002 — £104 million), giving a net decrease in the profit for the year of £38 million (year ended 30 June 2002 — £32 million). In addition, the adoption of the standard has reduced shareholders’ funds at 30 June 2003 by £1,865 million (30 June 2002 — reduced by £728 million; 30 June 2001 — increased by £384 million).

UITF abstract 38 — Accounting for ESOP trusts This abstract changes the presentation of an entity’s own shares held in an employee share trust from requiring them to be recognised as assets to requiring them to be deducted in arriving at shareholders’ funds. It also has consequential changes to UITF 17 requiring that the expense to the profit and loss account should be the difference between the fair value of the shares at the date of award and the amount that an employee may be required to pay for the shares (i.e. the ‘intrinsic value’ of the award).

     The impact of the adoption of UITF 38 in the year ended 30 June 2003 has been to increase operating profit before exceptional items by £14 million (year ended 30 June 2002 — £5 million; year ended 30 June 2001 — £4 million; year ended 30 June 2000 — decrease of £6 million) and increase the tax charge by £4 million (year ended 30 June 2002 — £1 million; year ended 30 June 2001 — £1 million; year ended 30 June 2000 — credit of £1 million). In addition, in the year ended 30 June 2003 exceptional charges were reduced by £2 million, giving a net increase in the profit for the year of £12 million (year ended 30 June 2002 — £4 million; year ended 30 June 2001 — £3 million; year ended 30 June 2000 — decrease of £5 million). The reclassification of shares acquired by the share trust (own shares) from fixed asset investments and debtors to equity has reduced shareholders’ funds by £288 million at 30 June 2003 (30 June 2002 — £244 million; 30 June 2001 — £179 million; 30 June 2000 — £146 million).

FRS 5 — Reporting the substance of transactions The amendment to the standard added a new application note (G) on revenue recognition. This requires that revenue should be stated at fair value of the right to consideration. Diageo incurs certain promotional expenditure, where permitted under local law (for example, slotting fees, whereby fees are paid to retailers for prominence of display, listing or agreement not to delist Diageo’s products) that are not wholly independent of the invoiced product price. Such expenditure is now deducted from turnover. The change, which has no impact on operating profit, reduced turnover and operating costs by £159 million in the year ended 30 June 2003 (year ended 30 June 2002 — £382 million; year ended 30 June 2001 — £714 million; year ended 30 June 2000 — £599 million).

The following pronouncements have recently been issued by the ASB.

FRS 20 — Share-based payments In April 2004 the ASB issued FRS 20 Share-based payments. The standard requires that share based payments should give rise to a charge in the profit and loss account that is allocated to the period of service the award relates to. The charge is measured by reference to the fair value of goods or services received or, for transactions with employees, by reference to the fair value of

 


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56 Diageo Annual Report 2004
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the equity instrument at the date of grant. It is effective for periods beginning on or after 1 January 2005. The group is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this standard.

FRS 21 — Events after the balance sheet date In May 2004 the ASB issued FRS 21Events after the balance sheet date. The standard amends the accounting treatment to be adopted by entities for events occurring between the balance sheet date and the date when the financial statements are authorised for issue. Under the standard, dividends declared after the balance sheet date will be non-adjusting post balance sheet events. The standard is effective for periods beginning on or after 1 January 2005.

United States The following US GAAP pronouncements have been recently issued.

SFAS No.132(R) — Employers’ Disclosures About Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits In December 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued a revised SFAS No. 132. The group has provided the additional disclosures in respect of the group’s postretirement plans in note 5 and note 32 to the consolidated financial statements.

FIN 46 and FIN 46(R) — Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities In January 2003, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 46 Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (FIN 46) and in December 2003 a revised interpretation was issued (FIN 46(R)) which clarified certain provisions of FIN 46 and provided for further scope exemptions. FIN 46(R) requires variable interest entities to be consolidated by the party that has a variable interest that will absorb a majority of the entity’s expected losses and/or receive a majority of the entity’s expected residual returns or both (the primary beneficiary). A variable interest entity (VIE) has one or more of the following characteristics: (1) the total equity investment at risk is not sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support being provided; (2) the equity holders lack the ability (through voting rights or otherwise) to make decisions about an entity’s activities; or (3) the equity holders lack the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity or lack the right to receive the expected residual returns of the entity.

     At 30 June 2004 the group was a partner with a subsidiary of LVMH Moët Hennessy-Louis Vuitton SA (LVMH) in Schieffelin & Somerset Co (S&S), a partnership which marketed, distributed and sold, throughout the United States, certain premium and agency brands of Moët Hennessy and the group. The creditors of the partnership have no recourse to the general credit of the group. At 30 June 2004 the group was the primary beneficiary of the partnership and has consolidated the balance sheet of S&S at that date. Following the termination of this joint arrangement S&S is not expected to be consolidated under FIN 46(R) in the year ended 30 June 2005.
     The group has a number of other similar joint arrangements with LVMH in France and the Far East, all involved in the marketing, distributing and selling of alcoholic beverages. The balance sheets of these arrangements have also been consolidated in the group’s US GAAP consolidated balance sheet as at 30 June 2004.
     The group has an agreement with Destilería Serrallés, Inc. (Serrallés) whereby Serrallés produces and sells rum maturates to the group. The group has concluded that this arrangement does not represent a variable interest in Serrallés.
     The group has an agreement with Tequila Cuervo La Rojena, S.A. de C.V. and Casa Cuervo, S.A. de C.V. (collectively ‘Cuervo’) whereby the group was appointed the exclusive distributor of José Cuervo products in the United States. The term of the contract extends to 30 June 2013. Cuervo is involved in the production and sale, importation, exportation, distribution, licensing, manufacturing and bottling of tequila and other alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages. The group has concluded that this arrangement does not represent a variable interest in Cuervo.
     On 13 December 2002, the group completed the legal disposal of Burger King, a leading company in the worldwide quick service restaurant industry. In connection with the disposal, the group agreed to guarantee a $750 million term loan and a $100 million revolving line of credit on behalf of Burger King and its subsidiaries. As part of the proceeds from the sale, the group received a subordinated debt instrument in an original principal amount of $213 million. The group has concluded that Burger King is not a variable interest entity and is therefore outside the scope of FIN 46(R).
     Diageo has complied with FIN 46(R) in the group’s US GAAP consolidated balance sheet as at 30 June 2004. The implementation of FIN 46(R) has had no impact on the US GAAP consolidated shareholders’equity or net income.

EITF No. 03-6 — Participating Securities and the Two-Class Method under FASB Statement No.128, Earnings per Share In March 2004, the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) of the FASB issued EITF Issue No. 03-6. This issue addressed changes in the reporting and calculation requirements for earnings per share, providing the method to be used when a company has granted holders of any form of security rights to participate in the earnings of the company along with the participation rights of common stockholders. The group has reviewed the contractual rights granted for stock options and concluded that EITF 03-6 does not affect the group’s reporting and disclosure.

FSP No. 106-2 — Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 In December 2003, the United States Congress enacted into law the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (the Act). The Act established a prescription drug benefit under Medicare (Medicare Part D), and a federal subsidy to sponsors of retiree health care benefit plans that provide a benefit that is at least actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D. In May 2004, the FASB issued Staff Position No.106-2 — Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (FSP 106-2). The group is in the process of determining the impact of this issue on the business, results of operations, financial position and liquidity. Therefore, in accordance with FSP 106-2, the US GAAP accumulated postretirement benefit obligation and net period postretirement benefit cost included in the consolidated financial statements do not reflect the effects of the Act. This is because the group is currently determining whether the benefits conferred by the US plans are actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D under the Act.

EITF No. 03-1 — The Meaning of Other Than Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments In June 2004, the EITF issued EITF Issue No. 03-1. The issue includes determining the meaning of other than temporary impairment and its application to debt and equity securities within the scope of SFAS No.115 — Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities (SFAS No. 115) and equity securities that are not subject to the scope of SFAS No. 115 and not accounted for under the equity method of accounting.

 


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57 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

The Task Force reached a consensus that the application guidance in EITF 03-1 should be used to determine when an investment is considered impaired, whether that impairment is other than temporary, and the measurement of an impairment loss. The guidance also includes accounting considerations subsequent to the recognition of an other than temporary impairment and requires certain disclosures about unrealised losses that have not been recognised as other than temporary impairments. These disclosure requirements became effective for periods ended prior to 30 June 2004. The recognition and measurement guidance of EITF 03-1 should be applied to other than temporary impairment evaluations in reporting periods beginning after 15 June 2004. The group considers that there were no unrealised losses requiring additional disclosures at 30 June 2004 and will evaluate, as the need arises, the impact of EITF 03-1 on the business, results of operations, financial position, and liquidity.

Conversion to International Financial Reporting Standards

The European Union has issued a regulation requiring most companies listed in the EU to comply with accounting standards issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (‘IASB’), and adopted by the EU, in the preparation of their consolidated accounts for financial reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2005. The EU’s objective is to improve financial reporting and enhance transparency, in order to assist the free flow of capital and improve the efficiency of the capital markets. Diageo therefore expects to have to present its consolidated financial statements for the year ending 30 June 2006 in compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards and International Accounting Standards (together ‘IFRSs’).

     There remains some uncertainty as to the number of comparative financial statements Diageo will be required to present to comply with US requirements. These would generally require (at least) two years of comparative information, but on 12 March 2004 the SEC published proposals whereby foreign registrants adopting IFRS for the first time would be required to provide only one year of comparative financial statements instead of two. If the proposal is approved, Diageo’s opening IFRS balances will be as at 1 July 2004.
     Over the last few years, the IASB has undertaken an extensive programme to develop new standards and to improve its existing ones. The final text for most of the standards was completed by the end of March 2004. However, some standards, in particular IAS 39 — Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement, IAS 32 — Financial Instruments: Disclosure and Presentation and IAS 19 — Employee Benefits, may be subject to further changes. In addition, certain IFRSs may be issued during the next two years, which Diageo, where allowed, may decide to adopt early.
     The group commenced a programme of work in 2002, initially in respect of financial instruments where it was clear that substantial differences existed between IFRSs and current UK GAAP. This programme has been extended to include an initial assessment of the differences between each IFRS and the current Diageo accounting policy. Following this exercise, a programme has been initiated to identify required changes to systems and processes; to provide training so as to ensure that the group can meet the new reporting requirements; and to identify other consequential impacts on the group which will need further consideration and/or action. The main uncertainties relate to the standards that have not yet been finalised and adopted by the EU. However, the directors currently expect that the principal impact of the adoption of IFRSs on Diageo’s net profit and shareholders’ funds will arise from changes in respect of financial instruments, share-based payments, post employment benefits and deferred tax. The impact of IFRSs on the group’s hedging policies is discussed under ‘Risk management’ above.
                         
Discussion of US GAAP differences                        
 
Diageo’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with UK GAAP, which is the group’s primary reporting framework. Reconciliations between UK and US GAAP are set out in note 32 to the consolidated financial statements and this section explains the principal differences.
    Year ended 30 June  
       
            2003     2002  
    2004     (restated)     (restated)  
    £ million     £ million     £ million  
 
Turnover — UK GAAP
    8,891       9,281       10,900  
 
— US GAAP
    8,777       9,153       10,760  
 
Effect on net income of significant differences between UK and US GAAP:
                       
 
Net income in accordance with UK GAAP
    1,392       50       1,589  
 
Adjustments to conform with US GAAP:
                       
 
Inventories
    (37 )     (46 )     (58 )
 
Pensions and other post employment benefits
    10       95       51  
 
Derivative instruments in respect of General Mills shares
    28       (4 )     166  
 
Other derivative instruments
    111       (189 )     (100 )
 
Burger King impairment charges and transaction costs
          693       (135 )
 
Disposals of businesses
    69       (177 )     1,022  
 
Other items
    (16 )     25       92  
 
Deferred taxation
    143       (13 )     (73 )
 
Net income in accordance with US GAAP
    1,700       434       2,554  
 


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58 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

The UK GAAP turnover and net income for the years ended 30 June 2003 and 2002 have been restated to reflect the adoption of FRS 17 — Retirement benefits, UITF abstract 38 — Accounting for ESOP trusts and application note (G) to FRS 5 — Reporting the substance of transactions. See note 1 to the consolidated financial statements.

Turnover

UK GAAP turnover (sales in US terminology) for the year ended 30 June 2004 was £114 million (2003 — £128 million; 2002 — £140 million) higher than turnover under US GAAP, as the accounting treatment for joint arrangements (between the group and LVMH) is different. Under UK GAAP, the group includes in turnover its attributable share of turnover of joint arrangements, measured according to the terms of the arrangement and sales to joint arrangements by Diageo companies are eliminated on consolidation. Under US GAAP, joint arrangements have been accounted for during the year under the equity method of accounting and the group’s share of sales of the joint arrangements is not included as part of group sales. Sales to joint arrangements by Diageo companies are accounted for as part of turnover.

Net income

The significant reconciling items in net income are as follows:

Inventories The fair value of the net assets under US GAAP of the Guinness Group was higher than the net assets under UK GAAP, primarily in respect of maturing whisky inventories. The fair value of the inventories at the date of acquisition (17 December 1997) was £601 million higher under US GAAP compared to UK GAAP. The increase in inventory values is unwinding over a number of years on the sale of the whisky to third parties. In the year ended 30 June 2004, £37 million (2003 — £46 million; 2002 — £58 million) of the fair value increase was realised.

Pension and other post employment benefits Under UK GAAP, the pension cost for the period is based on an actuarial valuation at the start of the financial period. The current service cost is charged to operating profit. The interest cost (being the unwinding of the discount on the fund’s liabilities for the period) and the expected return on assets for the period (calculated using the market value of assets), are charged/credited to finance charges in the profit and loss account. Any amount arising from changes in the assumptions used for the actuarial valuation at the commencement of the year and those at the end of the year and any differences between the actual return on the plan’s assets and the expected return on the plan’s assets are included in the statement of total recognised gains and losses. The surplus or deficit in post employment plans at the balance sheet date is part of the group’s consolidated net assets.

     Under US GAAP, the pension cost for the period is based on an actuarial valuation at the start of the financial period. The current service cost, the interest (being the unwinding of the discount on the fund’s liabilities for the year) and the expected return on assets for the year (calculated using a smoothed market value of assets) are charged/credited to operating profit. The cumulative amounts arising from changes in the assumptions used for the actuarial valuation at the commencement of the year and those at the end of the year and any differences between the actual return on the plan’s assets and the expected return on the plan’s assets are amortised through operating profit over the average remaining service lives of the employees. Only when the plan is in deficit, calculated on the plan’s accrued rather than projected liabilities, is the liability included in the group’s consolidated net assets. If the plan is in surplus, the group’s consolidated net assets include a prepayment or provision which is the difference between the cumulative profit and loss account charges and the cumulative cash contributions made to the plan.

Derivative instruments in respect of General Mills shares Under the terms of the contingent value right received in connection with the disposal of Pillsbury, in the year ended 30 June 2003, Diageo received a cash payment of £173 million from General Mills. Under UK GAAP, this was recognised in the profit and loss account as an exceptional gain on the disposal of businesses. However, under US GAAP, this was recognised in the profit and loss account in the year ended 30 June 2002 as a derivative and was accordingly held at its estimated fair value with changes in this fair value included in the profit and loss account. The group received cash in settlement of the contingent value right on 1 May 2003.

     Under UK GAAP, the premium received from the sale of options to General Mills over 29 million ordinary shares of Diageo’s holding in that company has been deferred in the balance sheet. The premium will be recognised in the profit and loss account on exercise or lapse of the options. Under US GAAP, the option contract represents a derivative and is accordingly held at its estimated fair value at the balance sheet date with changes in fair value included in the profit and loss account.

Other derivative instruments The group uses derivative financial instruments for risk management purposes. Under UK GAAP, changes in the fair value of interest rate derivatives and derivatives hedging forecast transactions are not recognised until realised. Changes in the fair value of derivatives hedging the translation of net assets of overseas operations are taken to the statement of total recognised gains and losses.

     Under US GAAP, all derivatives are carried at fair value at the balance sheet date. Certain of the group’s derivatives qualify for and are designated as hedges under US GAAP, which defers the effect on net income from gains and losses arising from changes in their fair value, to coincide with the timing of the recognition of the hedged item. Gains and losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivatives which do not qualify for US GAAP hedge accounting treatment are charged or credited in determining net income under US GAAP. In the year ended 30 June 2004, under US GAAP, gains of £62 million were recognised on foreign exchange derivatives (2003 — losses of £148 million; 2002 — gains of £97 million) and gains of £62 million were recognised on interest rate instruments (2003 — losses of £45 million; 2002 — losses of £219 million). The year on year movements are a product of the portion of the group’s hedging instruments for which mark-to-market movements are taken to net income under US GAAP but not under UK GAAP, and the movements in exchange and interest rates in each period. Other differences arising between UK and US GAAP on derivative instruments amounted to losses of £13 million (2003 — gains of £4 million; 2002 — gains of £22 million).

 


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59 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Operating and financial review

Burger King impairment charges and transaction costs Under UK GAAP, the sale of Burger King was accounted for as a disposal and the results prior to the disposal date are presented within discontinued operations. Net income for the year ended 30 June 2003 reflected a pre tax charge in relation to the sale of Burger King of £1,441 million and £750 million under UK and US GAAP, respectively, representing £691 million of the total UK/US GAAP difference in net income. Under US GAAP, the transaction is not accounted for as a disposal due to the size of the investment made by the buyer and Diageo’s continuing involvement through the guarantee provided by Diageo in respect of the acquisition finance. However, a charge for impairment was recognised rather than a loss on disposal. The charge for impairment under US GAAP was lower than the loss on disposal under UK GAAP principally because the goodwill and brands acquired on the original acquisition of the quick service restaurants business were being amortised over 40 years up to 30 June 2001 (prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 142), whereas no amortisation had been charged on the goodwill and brands under UK GAAP. By the date of disposal, Diageo had incurred additional cumulative amortisation (including related deferred tax) under US GAAP of £609 million on the goodwill and brands of Burger King. Other differences arising between UK and US GAAP, principally in respect of derivative instruments, reduced the charge under US GAAP by £82 million. In the US GAAP balance sheet, the total assets and total liabilities of Burger King at 30 June 2004 (including consideration deferred under US GAAP) classified within ‘other long term assets’ and ‘other long term liabilities’ were each £1.2 billion (2003 — £1.3 billion). Under US GAAP, the transaction will be accounted for as a disposal when the uncertainties related to the guarantee provided in respect of the acquisition finance have been substantially resolved and/or the buyer’s cumulative investment meets or exceeds minimum levels.

     As at 30 June 2002, under US GAAP, an impairment in the carrying value of goodwill attributable to the group’s quick service restaurants business of £135 million was recognised. Under UK GAAP, the goodwill to which the impairment related had already been written off to reserves.

Disposals of businesses Under UK GAAP, the group made losses on disposals of other businesses of £10 million compared with gains of £97 million under US GAAP in the year ended 30 June 2004. The principal reason for the difference was the recognition of the deferred gain established on the sale of Pillsbury. In connection with the disposal of Pillsbury in the year ended 30 June 2002, Diageo guaranteed the debt of a third party to the amount of $200 million (£110 million). Under UK GAAP, Diageo provided for the amounts which it could have paid to settle the potential liability or transfer it to a third party as a cost of the transaction. On 18 June 2004, International Multifoods Corporation was acquired by the JM Smucker Company, as a result of which the provision being carried in respect of the guarantee has been reviewed and revised. Under US GAAP, Diageo had deferred the element of the gain on disposal of Pillsbury equivalent to the amount guaranteed. As a result of the acquisition of International Multifoods Corporation by JM Smucker, the deferred gain under US GAAP has been recognised in the year ended 30 June 2004, and a provision, against the guarantee, equal to that under UK GAAP has been established.

     In June 2003, under UK GAAP, excluding the pre tax loss in respect of the disposal of Burger King of £1,441 million and the receipt under the terms of the contingent value right of £173 million described above, the group made gains on disposals of other businesses of £14 million compared with gains of £16 million under US GAAP in the year ended 30 June 2003.

Exceptional and extraordinary items Under UK GAAP, exceptional items are those that, in management’s judgement, are material items that arise from events or transactions that fall within the ordinary activities of the group but, by virtue of their size or incidence, should be separately disclosed if the consolidated financial statements are to properly reflect the results for the period. US GAAP does not have such a category. Under US GAAP, certain of these items are treated in accordance with paragraph 26 of APB 30 as a separate component of income from continuing operations, if appropriate. The group has had no extraordinary items under either UK or US GAAP for the three years ended 30 June 2004.

 


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60 Diageo Annual Report 2004

Directors and senior management

         
 
    Age   Position (committees)
 
Directors
       
Lord Blyth of Rowington
  64   Chairman, non-executive director3*
Paul S Walsh
  49   Chief executive, executive director2*
Nicholas C Rose
  46   Chief financial officer, executive director2
Rodney F Chase
  61   Non-executive director1,3,4
Lord Hollick of Notting Hill
  59   Senior non-executive director1,3,4*
Maria Lilja
  60   Non-executive director1,3,4
J Keith Oates
  62   Non-executive director1*,3,4
William S Shanahan
  64   Non-executive director1,3,4
H Todd Stitzer
  52   Non-executive director1,3,4
Jonathan R Symonds
  45   Non-executive director1,3,4
Paul A Walker
  47   Non-executive director1,3,4
 
Other members of the executive committee
Stuart R Fletcher
  47   Market president2
James N D Grover
  46   Global business support director2
Robert M Malcolm
  52   President, global marketing, sales and innovation2
Ian K Meakins
  48   Market president2
Ivan M Menezes
  45   Market president2
Andrew Morgan
  48   Market president2
Timothy D Proctor
  54   General counsel2
Gareth Williams
  51   Human resources director2
 
Officer
       
Susanne Bunn
  45   Company secretary
 

Key to committees:

1. Audit
2. Executive
3. Nomination
4. Remuneration
*Chairman

Information in respect of the directors and senior management is set out below:

Lord (James) Blyth retired as chairman of The Boots Company PLC at the end of July 2000, having joined in 1987 as chief executive and become chairman in 1998. He was formerly group chief executive of the Plessey Company and Head of Defence Sales at the Ministry of Defence. He was appointed a non-executive director of Diageo plc in January 1999 and chairman in July 2000. Lord Blyth is also a non-executive director of Anixter Inc, in the USA, and a vice chairman of Greenhill & Co, Inc.

Paul Walsh joined GrandMet’s brewing division in 1982 and became finance director in 1986. He held financial positions with Inter-Continental Hotels and the GrandMet Food Sector from 1987 to 1989 and was appointed division chief executive of Pillsbury in 1990, becoming chief executive officer of The Pillsbury Company in 1992. He was appointed to the GrandMet board in October 1995 and to the Diageo plc board in December 1997. He became chief operating officer of Diageo in January 2000 and chief executive in September 2000. He is also a non-executive director of Centrica plc and a Governor of Henley Management Centre and a non-executive director of FedEx Corporation, in the USA. He resigned as a non-executive director of General Mills, Inc in June 2004.

Nicholas (Nick) Rose joined GrandMet in June 1992 initially as group treasurer, and became group controller in 1995. He was appointed finance director of International Distillers & Vintners in 1996 and became finance director of United Distillers & Vintners in December 1997. He was appointed to the Diageo plc board in June 1999 and became chief financial officer in July 1999. He is also a non-executive director of Scottish Power plc and a non-executive director of Moët Hennessy SNC, in France.

Rodney Chase is deputy chairman and senior non-executive director of Tesco plc. He is also a non-executive director of Computer Sciences Corporation, in the USA, and a senior adviser to the European Advisory Council of Lehman Brothers. Mr Chase retired as deputy group chief executive of BP plc in April 2003. He was appointed a non-executive director of Diageo plc in January 1999 and became senior non-executive director and chairman of the remuneration committee in October 2003. He will retire at this year’s AGM.

Lord (Clive) Hollick is chief executive of United Business Media plc. He joined Hambros Bank in 1967 and was appointed a director in 1973. He was appointed Managing Director of J H Vavasseur & Co in 1974 which developed into MAI plc, a major international media and financial services group which in 1996 merged with United News and Media plc. He is also a founding trustee of the Institute of Public Policy Research, chairman of London’s South Bank Centre and a non-executive director of Honeywell International Inc, in the USA. On 25 February 2004 he was appointed a non-executive director of South Bank Federation Limited and on 7 May 2004 he was appointed a non-executive director of Channel 5 Television Group Limited. Lord Hollick was appointed a non-executive director of Diageo plc in December 2001 and succeeded Mr Chase as senior non-executive director and chairman of the remuneration committee on 2 September 2004.

 


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61 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Directors and senior management

Maria Lilja played a leading role in building Nyman & Schultz, a long-established Scandinavian travel management company, which was acquired by American Express in 1993. She served as head of American Express Europe from 1996 to 2000. She is also non-executive chairman of Mandator AB and a non-executive director of Bilia AB, Intrum Justitia AB, Observer AB and Poolia AB, all in Sweden. She was appointed a non-executive director of Diageo plc in November 1999.

J Keith Oates is a senior adviser to Coutts Bank, Monaco. He was formerly deputy chairman of Marks and Spencer plc until 1999 and was the founder chairman of Marks & Spencer Financial Services. His previous experience includes being a BBC governor, a non-executive director of British Telecommunications plc, John Laing plc and the Financial Services Authority and chairman of Quest. He became a non-executive director of Guinness PLC in June 1995 and was appointed a non-executive director of Diageo plc in December 1997. Mr Oates will retire after this year’s AGM.

William (Bill) Shanahan is president of The Colgate-Palmolive Company. He joined Colgate-Palmolive in 1965 as a sales assistant in the international sales department and subsequently held various positions within the company in general management and marketing roles. In 1983 he was appointed an officer of the corporation, in 1989 he became chief operating officer and, in 1992, was appointed president. He was appointed a non-executive director of Diageo plc in May 1999.

H Todd Stitzer is chief executive of Cadbury Schweppes Public Limited Company. He joined Cadbury Schweppes in 1983 as an assistant general counsel and subsequently held a number of marketing, sales, strategy and general management posts, prior to being appointed to his current role in May 2003. He was appointed a non-executive director of Diageo plc on 23 June 2004.

Jonathan (Jon) Symonds is chief financial officer of AstraZeneca PLC. He is also a member of the Accounting Standards Board, joint Chairman of the Business Tax Forum and, since November 2003, chairman of the 100 Group of Finance Directors. Prior to joining AstraZeneca in 1997, he was a partner at KPMG. Mr Symonds was appointed a non-executive director of Diageo plc on 1 May 2004 and, subject to election by shareholders, it is proposed that he will succeed Mr Oates as chairman of the audit committee after this year’s AGM.

Paul Walker is chief executive of The Sage Group plc. He joined Sage in 1984 and was appointed Finance Director in 1987, then group chief executive in 1994. He is also a non-executive director of MyTravel Group plc. He was appointed a non-executive director of Diageo plc in June 2002.

Sir Robert Wilson retired as a non-executive director at the AGM in October 2003.

Stuart Fletcher was appointed president, key markets in September 2000. He joined Guinness PLC in 1986 as deputy controller of Guinness Brewing Worldwide and was appointed controller in 1987. He previously held a number of financial positions with Procter & Gamble in the United Kingdom, both in consumer goods and industrial products, and with United Glass. In 1988 he became finance and operations director, United Distillers Japan and in 1990 chief financial officer of Schenley Inc. In 1993 he was appointed regional finance director for United Distillers’ Asia Pacific Region and was made acting regional managing director for United Distillers’ Pacific Region in January 1995. In August 1995 he became finance director of Guinness Brewing Worldwide and then served as president of Guinness’ Americas and Caribbean region based in the United States before becoming managing director of developing and seed markets for Guinness Limited in June 1999. He is also a non-executive director of Moët Hennessy SNC, in France.

James (Jim) Grover was appointed global business support director in February 2004. He joined GrandMet in 1993, initially as the strategic development director of GrandMet Food Sector (encompassing GrandMet’s worldwide packaged food and Burger King businesses), and subsequently, strategic development director of The Pillsbury Company. He was appointed group strategy director of GrandMet in March 1997 and strategy director of Diageo in December 1997. Previously he worked as a management consultant, initially with Booz-Allen & Hamilton, Inc and subsequently with OC&C Strategy Consultants. He was the partner responsible for their consumer goods practice at OC&C and advised a broad array of multinational food companies on a wide variety of strategic issues.

Robert (Rob) Malcolm was appointed president, global marketing, sales and innovation in September 2000. He joined United Distillers & Vintners as scotch category director in 1999 and was appointed global marketing director later that year. Previously, he held various marketing positions with Procter & Gamble in the United States from 1975 until his appointment in 1988 as vice president and general manager Personal Cleansing Products, USA and in 1992 as vice president and general manager for the Arabian Peninsula. From 1995 to 1999 he was vice president, general manager Beverages, Europe Middle East Africa.

Ian Meakins was appointed president, European major markets and global supply in September 2000. He joined United Distillers in 1991 as marketing director, White Spirits, Europe Region having worked for Procter & Gamble and Bain & Co and been a founding partner of the Kalchas Group, strategic management consultants in 1988. From 1992 he was managing director of United Distillers Boutari (then a joint venture between United Distillers and Boutari) in Greece. He was appointed United Distillers marketing director Worldwide in September 1994 before being appointed United Distillers, managing director Europe in July 1997. From December 1997, he was United Distillers & Vintners deputy managing director, Europe and then United Distillers & Vintners managing director, venture markets. In December 1999 he became global operations managing director for United Distillers & Vintners. He is also a non-executive director of mmO2 plc. Mr Meakins will leave Diageo in October 2004 to take up an appointment as chief executive of Alliance UniChem plc.

 


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62 Diageo Annual Report 2004
  Directors and senior management

Ivan Menezes was appointed president and chief executive officer of Diageo North America in January 2004, having been chief operating officer, North America since July 2002. He previously served as both managing director and then president, venture markets of Guinness United Distillers & Vintners. Before these appointments, he served as global marketing director for United Distillers & Vintners in the United Kingdom from September 1998 and as group integration director for Diageo plc from May 1997. Previously he worked across a variety of sales, marketing and strategy roles with Nestlé in Asia, Booz-Allen & Hamilton, Inc in North America and Whirlpool in Europe.

Andrew Morgan was appointed president, venture markets in July 2002. He joined United Distillers in 1987 and held various positions in Europe regions, including general manager, Greece and regional director for southern Europe. He was appointed United Distillers, managing director of International Region in January 1995 and United Distillers & Vintners regional managing director, international in 1997. He was appointed group chief information officer and president New Business Ventures for Guinness United Distillers & Vintners in September 2000 having previously been director Global Strategy and Innovation for United Distillers & Vintners.

Timothy (Tim) Proctor was appointed general counsel of Diageo in January 2000, having been director, Worldwide Human Resources, Glaxo Wellcome since 1998. Prior to this, he was senior vice president, Human Resources, General Counsel and secretary for Glaxo’s US operating company. He has over 20 years’international legal experience, including 13 years with Merck and six years with Glaxo Wellcome.

Gareth Williams was appointed human resources director in January 1999. He joined the GrandMet Brewing Division in 1984 and moved through a number of personnel positions to become director of Management Development and Resourcing for the division in 1987. From 1990 to 1994 he held a series of human resources positions in International Distillers & Vintners’North American spirits and wine division, before returning to the United Kingdom to become group organisation and management development director of GrandMet. In 1996 he became human resources director for International Distillers & Vintners’global business and in January 1998 took the same title in United Distillers & Vintners, following the merger of Guinness and GrandMet. Prior to joining GrandMet, he spent 10 years with Ford of Britain in a number of personnel and employee relations positions.

Paul Clinton left Diageo in December 2003.

Susanne Bunn was appointed company secretary of Diageo plc in March 2003. She joined the group in February 1989 as assistant secretary in the GrandMet UK Foods division and since then has held various company secretarial positions within the group. She was appointed joint deputy secretary in December 1997 and became sole deputy secretary at the end of 2000.

 


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63 Diageo Annual Report 2004

Directors’ remuneration report

Dear shareholder

During recent months the remuneration committee of Diageo plc has conducted a review of the remuneration policy for our senior executives. During this review we have taken note of the comments made by shareholders prior to our last AGM. As a result of this review we are proposing to make some changes. These changes, which are outlined in this letter, are intended to ensure that we continue, within a framework of good corporate governance, to be able to attract and retain the best global talent to ensure we deliver Diageo’s strategy. We trust that these changes will receive your support at our Annual General Meeting in October 2004.

Summary of changes

The main changes are to rebalance total remuneration away from short term and towards long term performance-related incentives, as follows:

  Annual cash bonuses will be capped at no more than 200% of base salary per annum. This is a reduction in our previous maximum annual bonus.
 
  We will be seeking shareholder approval to increase the maximum level of annual awards under our long term performance-related share plan (the TSR plan) to 250% of base salary in order to allow us to continue to compete for top global talent. This is an increase from the current maximum award of 150% of base salary. We have changed the comparator group against which we will measure total shareholder return performance for future awards in order to better reflect the current product and geographic mix of Diageo’s business.
 
  The ability to retest the earnings per share performance condition under our senior executive share option plan will be removed for future grants of share options.
 
  Notice periods in the senior executive contracts will remain 12 months and the mitigation of payments on termination is under review.

Summary remuneration policy

Our revised remuneration policy will be as follows:

  Our senior executive remuneration arrangements are intended to attract and retain the best global talent.
 
  We believe that pay should vary significantly with performance over both the short and long term.
 
  Our base salaries are set at the median of the relevant market for each role.
 
  Annual bonuses are paid in cash after the end of each financial year and are determined by performance in the year against pre-set stretching business targets.
 
  Our long term incentives comprise a combination of share option grants and share awards in each year, and vary with three year EPS and TSR performance respectively.
 
  Our senior executives are required to hold shares in Diageo to participate fully in our share option and share award plans.

Detailed changes

Annual bonuses Before the start of each financial year and in light of the strategic plan for that year, the remuneration committee will determine annual performance targets. One of these targets will be profit performance and the other measure may vary from year to year, depending upon the particular area of focus for the business. The effect of foreign exchange movements will be eliminated in assessing the performance delivered.

     The bonus payable for on target performance will be 100% of base salary and the maximum bonus payable will be 200% of base salary. This is a reduction from the current levels.

Senior executive share option plan (SESOP) Currently, under our share option plan, options vest on a sliding scale depending upon our earnings per share performance after grant, as follows:

  If EPS growth exceeds RPI growth by less than 12 percentage points over three years then none of the options can be exercised.
 
  If EPS growth is at least 12 percentage points greater than that of RPI, but less than 15 percentage points, then one half of the options may be exercised.
 
  If EPS growth exceeds RPI growth by 15 percentage points or more over three years then all of the options may be exercised.

We intend to cancel the ability to retest whether the performance criterion has been met for future grants of options. The performance criterion itself will remain unchanged as it continues to provide a challenging level of performance expectation in the current economic environment.

 


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Share awards under the TSR plan Under this plan, senior executives are granted a conditional right to receive shares. The shares vest on a sliding scale depending on the total shareholder return performance of Diageo plc over a three year period relative to a peer group of companies.

     We will be seeking shareholder approval at our AGM to increase the maximum level of conditional share awards that may be made in any one year to 250% of base salary. The current maximum is 150% of base salary. We should emphasise that these conditional awards of shares only vest if challenging performance conditions are met. At least median TSR performance against our peer group must be achieved before any shares vest. Maximum vesting of 150% of the shares only occurs if we are placed in first or second position against a peer group of 17 other relevant comparators. The vesting profile is as follows:
    Relative TSR performance  
     
    Above upper quartile   Upper quartile to median   Median   Below median  
             
Ranking in peer group
    1-2     3     4     5       6       7       8     9     10-18  
             
% of award released
    150     142     114     94       83       72       61     50   Nil  
             

For example, if a conditional award is made at the new maximum level of 250% of salary and if Diageo achieves a median ranking of position 9, 50% of the shares will be released, i.e. 125% of salary.

This can be illustrated graphically:

(TSR PLAN VESTING LEVELS GRAPH)

In setting this level of award the remuneration committee has considered the total remuneration packages paid in the top 30 companies in the FTSE100 by market capitalisation, excluding those in the financial services sector. We believe it is appropriate to position remuneration in Diageo between the median and upper quartile of this group, given the size and complexity of Diageo’s business globally.

TSR plan comparator group We have also reviewed the relevance of the comparator companies against which we measure the TSR performance of Diageo. Following the re-shaping of our business, we intend to amend the comparator group, introducing more drinks companies and removing some smaller food companies, as follows:

 
           
 
          Companies removed:
Allied Domecq
  Colgate-Palmolive   PepsiCo   Altria (formerly Philip Morris)
Anheuser-Busch
  Gillette   Pernod Ricard (new)   Campbell Soup
Brown-Forman (new)
  Heineken   Procter & Gamble   Kelloggs
Cadbury Schweppes (new)
  Heinz   SABMiller (new)   McDonald’s
Carlsberg
Coca-Cola
  Interbrew (new)
Nestlé
  Unilever   Yum! Brands (formerly Tricon)

TSR plan measurement period Currently TSR performance is measured over the calendar year. We will align the measurement period with our financial year by making a half sized award in February 2005 (with the performance period for this award running from January 2005 to December 2007), and then resuming full sized awards from July 2005 (with the performance period running from July 2005 to June 2008).

Executive contracts We have noted the recent shift in corporate governance sentiment amongst UK institutional shareholders. Our contracts currently provide for a rolling 12 month notice period. Terms of executive contracts and the mitigation of compensation payable on termination are under review.


Lord Hollick of Notting Hill

Non-executive director


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What this report covers

This report to shareholders for the year ended 30 June 2004 covers:

  the policy under which executive and non-executive directors were remunerated; and

  tables of information showing details of the remuneration and share interests of all the directors.

The report was approved by a duly appointed and authorised committee of the board of directors on 1 September 2004 and was signed on its behalf by Lord Hollick, who succeeded RF Chase as senior non-executive director and chairman of the remuneration committee on 2 September 2004. As required by The Directors’ Remuneration Report Regulations 2002 (the Regulations), this report will be subject to an advisory shareholder vote at the Annual General Meeting.

     The board has followed and complied with section 1 of the Combined Code on Corporate Governance issued in 1998 and the Regulations in preparing this report and in designing performance-related remuneration for senior executives. KPMG Audit Plc have audited the report to the extent required by the Regulations, being the sections headed ‘Directors’ remuneration for the year ended 30 June 2004’, ‘Long term incentive plans’ and ‘Executive directors’ pension benefits’.

The remuneration committee

The remuneration committee is responsible for making recommendations to the board on remuneration policy as applied to Diageo’s senior executives, being the executive directors and the executive committee. It consists wholly of independent non-executive directors: RF Chase, Lord Hollick, M Lilja, JK Oates, WS Shanahan, HT Stitzer (from 23 June 2004), JR Symonds (from 1 May 2004) and PA Walker. The chairman and the chief executive may, by invitation, attend remuneration committee meetings, except when their own remuneration is discussed. No director is involved in determining his or her own remuneration. The committee met five times during the year. The meetings were fully attended, except that M Lilja, WS Shanahan and PA Walker were each unable to attend one meeting. The committee reviewed its own effectiveness through a self-assessment in December. The committee’s terms of reference are available at www.diageo.com and on request from the company secretary.

Advice

During the year ended 30 June 2004, Diageo’s human resources director and director of performance and reward were invited by the remuneration committee to provide their views and advice. The remuneration committee also appointed the following independent and expert consultants:

  Deloitte & Touche LLP — who provided external market data on levels of senior executive remuneration. They also provide accountancy and tax services to Diageo, including services to support the process for assessing risk management and control systems and processes.

  Kepler Associates — who reviewed and confirmed the total shareholder return of Diageo and the peer group companies for the 2001 TSR plan, the performance cycle for which ended on 31 December 2003. They provided no other services to Diageo during the year.

Additional remuneration survey data published by Monks Partnership, Mercer Human Resource Consulting and Towers Perrin was presented to the committee.

Remuneration philosophy

Diageo’s remuneration philosophy for senior executives is based on a belief in:

  performance-related compensation. It influences and supports performance and the creation of a high performing organisation;
 
  rewarding sustainable performance. It is at the heart of Diageo’s corporate strategy and is vital to meeting investors’ goals;
 
  measuring performance over three years. It aligns with the time cycle over which management decisions are reflected in the creation of value in this business;
 
  a mix of base salary, cash incentives, options and shares. It provides a balanced portfolio of incentives and rewards;
 
  paying competitive total remuneration. It helps Diageo compete for the best talent among companies with global operations and global consumers;
 
  simplicity and transparency.

The board of directors continues to set stretching performance targets for the business and its leaders in the context of the prevailing economic climate. To achieve these stretch targets requires exceptional business management and strategic execution to deliver performance well above sectoral norms. This approach to target setting reflects the aspirational performance environment which Diageo wishes to create.

     In Diageo, annual incentive plans aim to reward good performance with commensurate levels of remuneration. Long term incentive plans aim to reward long term sustained performance. Under both sets of plans, if stretch targets are achieved, high levels of reward may be earned. All incentives are capped to ensure that inappropriate business risk taking is neither encouraged nor rewarded.

 


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Detailed remuneration policy
Remuneration   Paid in order to   Delivered as   Detailed policy
 
Base salary
  –  reflect the value of the   –  cash   –  reviewed annually usually with effect from
 
    individual and their role   –  monthly     1 October
 
  –  reflect skills and experience         –  benchmarked against comparator group of relevant companies taking into account country where role based
 
              –  set at median of relevant comparator group for each role
 
Annual performance
  –  incentivise year on year   –  cash   –  based on overall Diageo financial
bonus
    delivery of short term   –  variable value     performance
 
    performance goals   –  annual payment   –  at least 70% based on a profit measure
 
        –  non-pensionable   –  targets set by reference to annual operating plan
 
              –  on target performance earns no more than 100% of salary*
 
              –  maximum payable is 200% of salary*
 
Share options
  –  incentivise three year   –  market value share   –  maximum annual grant of 375% of salary
(Senior executive share
    real earnings growth     options   –  EPS performance test operates on a
option plan)
    above a minimum   –  variable value     sliding scale
 
    threshold   –  long term incentive   –  no longer a retest facility*
 
  –  incentivise increasing   –  discretionary annual      
 
    Diageo’s share price over three to 10 years     grant      
 
Share awards
  –  incentivise three year   –  shares   –  maximum annual award is 250% of
(TSR plan)
    total shareholder return   –  highly variable     salary**
 
    relative to a selected   –  long term incentive   –  none of the award vests for performance
 
    peer group of   –  discretionary annual     below median
 
    companies     award   –  for outstanding performance, achieving first or second position, 150% of the award vests, i.e. a maximum of 375% of salary*
 
              –  peer group aligned to our core business and geographical mix*
 
              –  performance period aligned to financial year*
 
Pension
  –  to provide competitive   –  deferred cash   –  pension accrues at 1/30th of annual basic
 
    postretirement   –  lump sum/monthly     salary subject to Inland Revenue limits
 
    compensation and         –  normal retirement age of 62
 
    benefits, that reward long term sustained performance in the business         –  pension at normal retirement age will not be less than ⅔rds of basic salary in prior 12 months
 
*indicates changes effective for year ending 30 June 2005.
**subject to shareholder approval.

The remuneration policy delivers a mix of fixed and variable, cash and share based, short and long term performance-related remuneration. Broadly, if the incentive plan performance targets are achieved, for every £100 of remuneration earned, £29 is fixed and £71 is performance-related. £29 of the performance-related remuneration is based on annual performance and the remainder on at least three year performance. Sustained achievement of stretch performance targets can result in the incentive plans paying out at the maximum level, and delivering an additional £68 of remuneration.

Share ownership

Senior executives are required to hold shares in Diageo to participate fully in the share option and share award plans. This policy extends to the top 100 senior leaders and reflects Diageo’s belief that its most senior leaders should also be shareholders. The executive directors were required to hold shares equivalent to 150% of their basic salary by 1 January 2003, rising to 225% by 1 January 2005.

     The senior executives are eligible to participate in the broad-based share and option plans Diageo operates for its employees. These are the tax approved share incentive plan and savings related share option scheme in the United Kingdom and the share value plan in the United States.


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Service contracts

The chairman has a letter of appointment for an initial five year term from 1 July 2000. As previously disclosed, this has been extended by the board to 30 June 2007. It is terminable on six months’ notice by either party or, if terminated by the company, by payment of six months’ fees in lieu of notice.

     The executive directors have service agreements, which provide for six months’ notice by the director or 12 months’  by the company and contain non-compete obligations. In the event of early termination by the company without cause, the agreements provide for predetermined compensation to be paid, equivalent to 12 months’  basic salary for the notice period and an equal amount in respect of all benefits. The mitigation of compensation payable on termination is under review. PS Walsh’s service contract with the company is dated 7 October 1999. NC Rose’s service contract with the company is dated 1 October 2000.
     The non-executive directors do not have service contracts; a summary of their terms and conditions of appointment is available at www.diageo.com

External appointments

With the specific approval of the board in each case, executive directors may accept external appointments as non-executive directors of other companies and retain any related fees paid to them.

     During the year ended 30 June 2004, PS Walsh served as a non-executive director of Centrica plc and of FedEx Corporation and retained the fees paid to him for this service. The total amounts of such fees paid to him in the year ended 30 June 2004 were £35,000 and $75,083, respectively. In line with the FedEx Corporation policy for outside directors, PS Walsh is eligible to be granted share options. During the year ended 30 June 2004, he was granted 7,000 options at an option price of $64.38. He also exercised 8,000 options that were granted at an option price of $25.19. The market price at the date of the first exercise of 4,000 options was $72.47 and at the date of the second exercise, also 4,000 options, was $76.15.
     NC Rose served as a non-executive director of Scottish Power plc during the year ended 30 June 2004 and retained the fees paid to him for this service. The total amount of such fees paid to him in the year ended 30 June 2004 was £43,542.

Remuneration policy for non-executive directors

Diageo’s policy on non-executive directors’remuneration is that:

  within the limits set by the shareholders from time to time, remuneration should be sufficient to attract, motivate and retain world-class non-executive talent;
 
  remuneration practice should be consistent with recognised best-practice standards for non-executive directors’remuneration; and
 
  non-executive directors should not be granted share options by the company.

The fees of non-executive directors are normally reviewed every two years with effect from 1 January. Fees are reviewed in the light of market practice in large UK companies and anticipated workload, tasks and liabilities. The current annual fees after the most recent review, effective from January 2003, are:

 
    From  
    1 Jan 2003  
 
Base fee
  £ 50,000  
 
Senior non-executive director
  £ 20,000  
 
Chairman of audit committee
  £ 20,000  
 
Chairman of remuneration committee
  £ 10,000  
 
In addition, an allowance of £3,000 is payable each time an overseas based non-executive director is required to travel to attend board and committee meetings to reflect the additional time commitment involved.


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Directors’ remuneration for the year ended 30 June 2004

Emoluments

 
    2004     2003  
                    Share                    
    Basic     Performance     incentive     Other              
    salary     bonus     plan     benefits(b)     Total     Total  
    £000     £000     £000     £000     £000     £000  
 
Chairman — fees
                                               
 
Lord Blyth (a)
    450                   47       497       485  
 
Executive directors
                                               
 
NC Rose
    472       736       3       44       1,255       1,107