Form S-3
Table of Contents

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 29, 2007

Registration No.                    

 


UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 


FORM S-3

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 


KILROY REALTY CORPORATION

(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)

 


 

Maryland   95-4598246

(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

12200 West Olympic Boulevard, Suite 200

Los Angeles, California 90064

(310) 481-8400

(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)

 


Richard E. Moran Jr.

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Kilroy Realty Corporation

12200 West Olympic Boulevard, Suite 200

Los Angeles, California 90064

(310) 481-8400

(Name, Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Agent For Service)

Copy to:

J. Scott Hodgkins, Esq.

Latham & Watkins LLP

633 West Fifth Street, Suite 4000

Los Angeles, CA 90071-2007

(213) 485-1234

 


Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:

From time to time after this registration statement becomes effective.

If the only securities being registered on this form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box.  ¨

If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box.  x

If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ¨

If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ¨

If this form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box.  x

If this form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box.  ¨

 


CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 


Title Of Each Class Of

Securities To Be Registered

 

Amount To

Be Registered

    Proposed
Maximum Offering
Price Per Unit
    Proposed Maximum
Aggregate Offering
Price
 

Amount Of

Registration

Fee

Common Stock, $.01 par value per share

  6,269,570 shares (1)(2)   $ 70.34 (3)   $ 441,001,554   $ 13,539

Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock Purchase Rights(4)

  6,269,570                

 

(1) Represents the maximum number of shares of common stock that could be issuable upon exchange of the 3.250% Exchangeable Senior Notes Due 2012 of our operating partnership, Kilroy Realty, L.P., assuming a maximum exchange rate of 13.6295 common shares per $1,000 principal amount of notes. Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), this registration statement also covers such additional shares of common stock that may be issued from time to time upon exchange of the notes as a result of the anti-dilution provisions of the notes.
(2) In the event of a stock split, stock dividend or similar transaction involving the common stock, the number of shares of common stock registered shall be automatically increased to cover additional shares of common stock in accordance with Rule 416(a) under the Securities Act. No additional consideration will be received for such additional shares, and therefore no registration fee is required pursuant to Rule 457(i) under the Securities Act.
(3) Estimated solely for purposes of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(a) of the Securities Act and, in accordance with Rule 457(c) under the Securities Act, based on the average of the high and low reported sale price per share of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on June 27, 2007.
(4) The rights are initially carried with the common stock. The value attributable to the rights, if any, is reflected in the value of the common stock.

 



Table of Contents

PROSPECTUS

6,269,570 Shares

LOGO

Common Stock

 


Our operating partnership, Kilroy Realty, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, issued and sold $460,000,000 aggregate principal amount of its 3.250% Exchangeable Senior Notes Due 2012 in a private transaction on April 2, 2007. Under certain circumstances, we may issue shares of our common stock upon the exchange of the notes. In such circumstances, the recipients of such common stock, whom we refer to as the selling securityholders, may use this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement to resell from time to time some or all the shares of our common stock that we may issue to them upon the exchange of the notes. Additional selling securityholders may be named by future prospectus supplements.

The registration of the shares of our common stock covered by this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplements does not necessarily mean that any of the selling securityholders will exchange their notes for shares of our common stock, that upon any exchange of the notes we will elect, in our sole and absolute discretion, to exchange some or all of the notes for shares of our common stock rather than cash, or that any shares of our common stock received upon exchange of the notes will be sold by the selling securityholders.

We will not receive any proceeds from any issuance of shares of our common stock to the selling securityholders upon exchange of notes or from any sale of such shares of common stock by the selling securityholders, but we have agreed to pay certain registration expenses relating to these shares of our common stock. The selling securityholders from time to time may offer and sell shares of our common stock held by them directly or through agents or broker-dealers on terms to be determined at the time of sale, as described in more detail in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplements.

To assist us in complying with certain federal income tax requirements applicable to real estate investment trusts, or REITs, among other purposes, our charter contains certain restrictions relating to the ownership and transfer of our common stock, preferred stock and capital stock, including an ownership limit of 7.0% on our common stock. See “Description of Capital Stock—Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer of Our Capital Stock” in this prospectus.

Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, under the symbol “KRC”. The last reported sales price per share of our common stock on the NYSE on June 27, 2007 was $71.55 per share.

Investing in our common stock involves risks. See “ Risk Factors” on page 2 of this prospectus.

Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities, or determined if this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The date of this prospectus is June 29, 2007


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page

Kilroy Realty Corporation

   1

Risk Factors

   2

About this Prospectus

   2

Available Information

   2

Incorporation by Reference

   3

Forward-Looking Statements

   4

Use of Proceeds

   5

Price Range of Common Stock and Distribution Policy

   5

Selling Securityholders

   6

Description of Capital Stock

   9

Description of Material Provisions of the Partnership Agreement of Kilroy Realty, L.P.

   22

United States Federal Income Tax Considerations

   36

Plan of Distribution

   55

Legal Matters

   57

Experts

   57

 


Unless otherwise indicated or unless the context requires otherwise, all references in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement to “we,” “us,” “our” or “our company” refer to Kilroy Realty Corporation, a Maryland corporation, together with our subsidiaries, including Kilroy Realty, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership of which we are the sole general partner and which we refer to in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement as the operating partnership.

You should rely only on the information contained in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. You should assume that the information contained in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement, as well as information that we have previously filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, and incorporated by reference, is accurate only as of the date of the applicable document. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

The distribution of this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement and the offering of our common stock in certain jurisdictions may be restricted by law. If you possess this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement, you should find out about and observe these restrictions. This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement are not an offer to sell our common stock and are not soliciting an offer to buy our common stock in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted or where the person making the offer or sale is not qualified to do so or to any person to whom it is not permitted to make such offer or sale. See “Plan of Distribution” in this prospectus.

 

i


Table of Contents

KILROY REALTY CORPORATION

We are a Maryland corporation that is organized to qualify as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, that owns, operates, develops and acquires Class A suburban office and industrial real estate in key suburban submarkets, primarily in Southern California, that we believe have strategic advantages and strong barriers to entry.

As of March 31, 2007, our stabilized portfolio of operating properties consisted of 84 office properties and 43 industrial properties, together referred to as our properties, which encompassed an aggregate of approximately 7.8 million and 3.9 million rentable square feet, respectively, and was 94% occupied. As of March 31, 2007, our office properties were approximately 95.5% leased to 330 tenants and our industrial properties were approximately 91.0% leased to 64 tenants. All but 3 of our properties are located in Southern California.

Our stabilized portfolio excludes development projects currently under construction and “lease-up” properties. We define “lease-up” properties as properties recently developed or redeveloped by us that have not yet reached 95% occupancy and are within one year following substantial completion. At March 31, 2007, we did not have any properties in the lease-up phase. As of March 31, 2007, we had five development projects comprised of eight buildings under construction, which when completed are expected to encompass an aggregate of approximately 1,128,000 rentable square feet. These development projects are all located in San Diego County. As of March 31, 2007, the Company had two redevelopment properties consisting of three buildings under construction, which encompass an aggregate of approximately 212,000 rentable square feet. One of the redevelopment properties is located in San Diego County and the other is located in Los Angeles County. In addition, as of March 31, 2007, we owned approximately 97.9 acres of undeveloped land upon which we currently expect to develop an aggregate of over two million rentable square feet of office space during the next three to five years, depending upon market conditions. Our undeveloped land parcels are located in the San Diego region of Southern California.

We own our interests in all of our properties through Kilroy Realty, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, or the operating partnership, and Kilroy Realty Finance Partnership, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, or the finance partnership. We conduct substantially all of our activities through the operating partnership in which, as of March 31, 2007, we owned an approximate 93.5% general partnership interest. The remaining 6.5% limited partnership interest in the operating partnership was owned by certain of our executive officers and directors, certain of their affiliates, and other outside investors. Kilroy Realty Finance, Inc., one of our wholly owned subsidiaries, is the sole general partner of the finance partnership and owns a 1.0% general partnership interest in the finance partnership. The operating partnership owns the remaining 99.0% limited partnership interest of the finance partnership. We conduct substantially all of our development activities through Kilroy Services, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the operating partnership. With the exception of the operating partnership, all of our subsidiaries are wholly-owned.

Our common stock is listed on the NYSE under the symbol “KRC,” our 7.80% Series E Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock under the symbol “KRC-PE” and our 7.50% Series F Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock under the symbol “KRC-PF.” Our principal executive offices are located at 12200 West Olympic Boulevard, Suite 200, Los Angeles, California 90064. Our telephone number is (310) 481-8400. Our website is located at www.kilroyrealty.com. The information found on, or otherwise accessible through, our website is not incorporated into, and does not form a part of, this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement or any other report or document we file with or furnish to the SEC.

 

1


Table of Contents

RISK FACTORS

In addition to other information contained in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement, you should carefully consider the risks incorporated by reference to our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q in evaluating our company, our properties and our business before investing in our common stock. These risks are not the only ones faced by us. Additional risks not presently known or that are currently deemed immaterial could also materially and adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, business and prospects. Any of these risks might cause you to lose all or a part of your investment. Some statements in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference constitute forward-looking statements. Please refer to the section entitled “Forward-Looking Statements” in this prospectus.

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the SEC using a “shelf” registration process for the delayed offering and sale of securities pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Under the shelf registration process, the selling securityholders may, from time to time, sell the offered securities described in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement in one or more offerings. Additionally, under the shelf registration process, in certain circumstances, we may provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of a particular offering by one or more selling securityholders. We may also provide a prospectus supplement to add, update or change information contained in this prospectus.

You should read both this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement together with the additional information described under the caption “Incorporation by Reference” in this prospectus.

Selling securityholders may offer shares of our common stock directly, through agents, or to or through underwriters. A prospectus supplement may describe the terms of the plan of distribution and set forth the names of any underwriters involved in the sale of shares of our common stock. See “Plan of Distribution” in this prospectus.

AVAILABLE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You may read and copy any document we file with the SEC at the SEC’s public reference room at 100 F Street, N.E. Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information about the public reference room. The SEC also maintains a web site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov. You can inspect reports and other information we file at the offices of the NYSE, 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005. In addition, we maintain a website that contains information about us at http://www.kilroyrealty.com. The information found on, or otherwise accessible through, our website is not incorporated into, and does not form a part of, this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement or any other report or document we file with or furnish to the SEC.

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-3, of which this prospectus is a part, including exhibits, schedules and amendments filed with, or incorporated by reference in, this registration statement, under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, with respect to the securities registered hereby. This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement do not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and exhibits and schedules to the registration statement. For further information with respect to our company and the securities registered hereby, reference is made to the registration statement, including the exhibits to the registration statement. Statements contained in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement as to the contents of any contract or other document referred to in, or incorporated by reference in, this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement are not necessarily complete and, where that contract is an exhibit to the registration statement, each statement is qualified in all respects by the exhibit to which the reference relates. Copies of the registration statement, including the exhibits and schedules to the registration statement, may be examined at the SEC’s public reference room. Copies of all or a portion of the registration statement can be obtained from the public reference room of the SEC upon payment of prescribed fees. This registration statement is also available to you on the SEC’s website.

 

2


Table of Contents

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” the information we file with the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is an important part of this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement. The incorporated documents contain significant information about us, our business and our finances. Any statement contained in a document which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement is automatically updated and superseded if information contained in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement, or information that we later file with the SEC, modifies or replaces this information. We incorporate by reference the following documents we have filed or will file with the SEC:

 

   

our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006;

 

   

our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2007;

 

   

our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 5, 2007, April 11, 2007, May 8, 2007, May 18, 2007, June 22, 2007 and June 27, 2007;

 

   

our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on April 11, 2007;

 

   

the description of our capital stock contained in our Registration Statement on Form 8-A/A filed with the SEC on June 10, 2005 (file number 001-12675), including any amendment or reports filed for the purpose of updating this description;

 

   

the description of our capital stock contained in our Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on December 6, 2004 (file number 001-12675), including any amendment or reports filed for the purpose of updating this description; and

 

   

all documents filed by us with the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, after the date of this prospectus.

Information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement shall be deemed automatically updated and superseded if information contained in any document we subsequently file with the SEC prior to the termination of this offering modifies or replaces the information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

We will provide to each person to whom this prospectus is delivered a copy of any or all of the information that we have incorporated by reference into this prospectus but not delivered with this prospectus. To receive a free copy of any of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, other than exhibits, unless they are specifically incorporated by reference in those documents, call or write to Kilroy Realty Corporation, 12200 West Olympic Boulevard, Suite 200, Los Angeles, California 90064 (telephone (310) 481-8400).

 

3


Table of Contents

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement, including the documents that we incorporate by reference, contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the safe harbor from civil liability provided for such statements by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (set forth in Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act). Also, documents we subsequently file with the SEC and incorporate by reference will contain forward-looking statements. In particular, statements pertaining to our capital resources, portfolio performance and results of operations contain forward-looking statements. Likewise, pro forma financial statements and other pro forma information incorporated by reference and all of our statements regarding anticipated growth in our funds from operations and anticipated market conditions, demographics and results of operations are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve numerous risks and uncertainties and you should not rely on them as predictions of future events. Forward-looking statements depend on assumptions, data or methods which may be incorrect or imprecise and we may not be able to realize them. We do not guarantee that the transactions and events described will happen as described (or that they will happen at all). You can identify forward-looking statements by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “believes,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “seeks,” “approximately,” “intends,” “plans,” “pro forma,” “estimates” or “anticipates” or the negative of these words and phrases or similar words or phrases. You can also identify forward-looking statements by discussions of strategies, plans or intentions. The following factors, among others, could cause actual results and future events to differ materially from those set forth or contemplated in the forward-looking statements:

 

   

general economic conditions;

 

   

defaults on or non-renewal of leases by tenants, particularly any of our largest office tenants and our largest industrial tenants;

 

   

adverse economic or real estate developments in the Southern California region;

 

   

our ability to re-lease property at or above current market rates;

 

   

increased interest rates and operating costs;

 

   

significant competition, which may decrease the occupancy and rental rates of properties;

 

   

potential losses that may not be covered by insurance;

 

   

our ability to successfully complete acquisitions and operate acquired properties;

 

   

our ability to successfully complete development and redevelopment properties on schedule and within budgeted amounts;

 

   

fluctuations in availability and cost of construction materials and labor resulting from the effects of recent natural disasters and increased worldwide demand;

 

   

our ability to maintain our status as a REIT;

 

   

future terrorist activity in the United States or war;

 

   

adverse changes to, or implementations of, income tax laws, governmental regulations or legislation;

 

   

decreases in the population in geographic areas where our properties are located;

 

   

elevated utility costs and power outages in California; and

 

   

costs to comply with governmental regulations.

While forward-looking statements reflect our good faith beliefs, they are not guarantees of future performance. We disclaim any obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statement to reflect changes in underlying assumptions or factors, new information, data or methods, future events or other changes. For a further discussion of these and other factors that could impact our future results, performance or transactions, see “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as updated by our future filings.

 

4


Table of Contents

USE OF PROCEEDS

The selling securityholders will receive all of the proceeds from the resale of shares of our common stock under this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement. We will not receive any proceeds from these resales.

PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK AND DISTRIBUTION POLICY

Our common stock is listed on the NYSE under the symbol “KRC.” The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high, low and last sale prices per share of our common stock and the distributions we declared with respect to the periods indicated.

 

     High    Low    Last    Distribution

Year Ended December 31, 2005

           

First Quarter

   $ 43.30    $ 38.95    $ 40.91    $ 0.5100

Second Quarter

   $ 48.37    $ 40.66    $ 47.49    $ 0.5100

Third Quarter

   $ 56.03    $ 47.29    $ 56.03    $ 0.5100

Fourth Quarter

   $ 63.71    $ 51.74    $ 61.90    $ 0.5100

Year Ended December 31, 2006

           

First Quarter

   $ 77.74    $ 63.45    $ 77.26    $ 0.5300

Second Quarter

   $ 76.00    $ 65.33    $ 72.25    $ 0.5300

Third Quarter

   $ 79.44    $ 70.72    $ 75.34    $ 0.5300

Fourth Quarter

   $ 83.42    $ 71.53    $ 78.00    $ 0.5300

Year Ended December 31, 2007

           

First Quarter

   $ 89.80    $ 72.70    $ 73.75    $ 0.5550

Second Quarter (through June 27, 2007)

   $ 76.92    $ 69.48    $ 71.55    $ 0.5550

On June 27, 2007, the closing sale price per share for our common stock, as reported on the NYSE, was $71.55. As of March 31, 2007, there were 161 holders of record of our common stock. This figure does not reflect the beneficial ownership of shares held in nominee name.

We intend to continue to declare quarterly distributions on our common stock. Subject to the distribution requirements applicable to REITs under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, we intend, to the extent practicable, to invest substantially all of the proceeds from sales and refinancings of our assets in real estate-related assets and other assets. We may, however, under certain circumstances, make a distribution of capital or of assets. The actual amount and timing of distributions, however, will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon our financial condition in addition to the requirements of the Code, and we cannot assure you as to the amounts or timing of future distributions.

Distributions will be made in cash to the extent that cash is available for distribution.

 

5


Table of Contents

SELLING SECURITYHOLDERS

The 3.250% Exchangeable Senior Notes Due 2012, were originally issued by Kilroy Realty, L.P., our operating partnership, and sold by the initial purchasers of the notes in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act to persons reasonably believed by the initial purchasers to be qualified institutional buyers as defined by Rule 144A under the Securities Act. Under certain circumstances, we may issue shares of our common stock upon the exchange of the notes. In such circumstances, the recipients of shares of our common stock, whom we refer to as the selling securityholders, may use this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement to resell from time to time the shares of our common stock that we may issue to them upon the exchange of the notes. Information about selling securityholders is set forth in this prospectus, and information about additional selling securityholders may be set forth in a prospectus supplement, in a post-effective amendment, or in filings we make with the SEC under the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

The following table sets forth information, as of June 27, 2007, with respect to the selling securityholders and the maximum number of shares of our common stock that could become beneficially owned by each selling securityholder should we issue shares of our common stock to such selling securityholder that may be offered pursuant to this prospectus upon the exchange of the notes. The information is based on information provided by or on behalf of the selling securityholders. The selling securityholders may offer all, some or none of the shares of our common stock which we may issue upon the exchange of the notes. The number of shares of our common stock issuable upon the exchange of the notes shown in the table below assumes exchange of the full amount of notes held by each selling securityholder at an assumed maximum exchange rate of 13.6295 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of notes and a cash payment in lieu of any fractional share (the initial exchange rate of the notes is 11.3580 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of notes). The exchange rate on the notes is subject to adjustment in certain events. Accordingly, the maximum number of shares of our common stock issuable upon the exchange of the notes may increase or decrease from time to time. In addition, due to the exchange settlement provisions of the notes, we may not be required to issue the maximum number of shares of our common stock upon any exchanges of notes. The shares of common stock beneficially owned following the exchange is based on 32,698,554 shares of common stock outstanding as of June 27, 2007.

 

Name(1)

 

Shares of
Common

Stock
Beneficially
Owned Prior

to the
Exchange

 

Maximum

Number of
Shares of

Common
Stock
Issuable
Upon
Exchange of
Outstanding
Notes(2)

 

Shares of

Common Stock
Beneficially
Owned

Following the
Exchange

   

Number of

Shares of
Common
Stock
Offered(4)

 

Common

Stock
Beneficially

Owned

after Resale

      Shares   Percent(3)       Shares   Percent

TQA Master Fund Ltd. (5)

  —     74,198   74,198   *     74,198   —     —  

TQA Master Plus Fund Ltd. (5)

  —     42,333   42,333   *     42,333   —     —  

Zurich Institutional Benchmarks Master Fund Ltd. c/o TQA Investors, LLC (5)

  —     8,218   8,218   *     8,218   —     —  

LDG Limited (6)

  —     11,544   11,544   *     11,544   —     —  

Plexus Fund Limited (7)

  —     197,627   197,627   *     197,627   —     —  

Royal Bank of Canada (8)

  —     102,221   102,221   *     102,221   —     —  

Mohican VCA Master Fund, Ltd. (9)

  —     10,903   10,903   *     10,903   —     —  

Absolute Strategies Fund, Forum Funds Trust (10)

  —     2,725   2,725   *     2,725   —     —  

DBAG London (11)

  —     163,554   163,554   *     163,554   —     —  

Polygon Global Opportunities Master Fund (12)

  —     54,518   54,518   *     54,518   —     —  

S.A.C. Arbitrage Fund, LLC (13)

  —     170,368   170,368   *     170,368   —     —  

D.E. Shaw Valence Portfolios, L.L.C. (14)

  —     340,737   340,737   1.0 %   340,737   —     —  

Platinum Grove Contingent Capital Master Fund (15)

  —     327,108   327,108   *     327,108   —     —  

JMG Triton Offshore Fund, Ltd. (16)

  —     18,536   18,536   *     18,536   —     —  

Vicis Capital Master Fund

  —     40,888   40,888   *     40,888   —     —  

Waterstone Market Neutral MAC51 Fund, Ltd.

  —     143,709   143,709   *     143,709   —     —  

Waterstone Market Neutral Master Fund, Ltd.

  —     271,990   271,990   *     271,990   —     —  

 

6


Table of Contents

Name(1)

 

Shares of
Common

Stock
Beneficially
Owned Prior

to the
Exchange

 

Maximum

Number of
Shares of

Common
Stock
Issuable
Upon
Exchange of
Outstanding
Notes(2)

 

Shares of

Common Stock
Beneficially Owned

Following the
Exchange

   

Number of

Shares of
Common
Stock
Offered(4)

 

Common

Stock
Beneficially

Owned

after Resale

 
      Shares   Percent(3)       Shares   Percent  

Deutsche Bank Sec. Inc.

  —     61,332   61,332   *     61,332   —     —    

KBC Financial Products USA Inc. (17)

  —     40,888   40,888   *     40,888   —     —    

CNHCA Master Account, L.P. (18)

  —     27,259   27,259   *     27,259   —     —    

GLG Market Neutral Fund (19)

  —     136,295   136,295   *     136,295   —     —    

UBS AG London FBO WCBP (20)

  113,095   245,331   358,426   1.1 %   245,331   113,095   *  

SuttonBrook Capital Portfolio LP (21)

  —     122,665   122,665   *     122,665   —     —    

CQS Convertible and Quantitative Strategies Master Fund (22)

 

—  

  313,478   313478   *     313,478   —     —    

Citigroup Global Markets Inc. (23)

  —     27,259   27,259   *     27,259   —     —    

Old Lane HMA Master Fund LP (24)

  —     17,323   17,323   *     17,323   —     —    

Old Lane Cayman Master Fund LP (24)

  —     60,923   60,923   *     60,923   —     —    

Old Lane U.S. Master Fund LP (24)

  —     23,974   23,974   *     23,974   —     —    

BMO Nesbitt Burns Inc. (25)

  —     40,888   40,888   *     40,888   —     —    

John Hancock Funds II—Real Estate Equity Fund (26)

 

65,130

  35,981   101,111   *     35,981   65,130   *  

Hershey Foods Corporation Master Retirement Trust (26)

 

7,000

  4,225   11,225   *     4,225   7,000   *  

John Hancock Trust—Real Estate Equity Trust (26)

 

70,420

  38,162   108,582   *     38,162   70,420   *  

T. Rowe Price Real Estate Fund, Inc. (26)

  652,000   398,662   1,050,662   3.2 %   398,662   652,000   2.0 %

Redbrick Capital Master Fund LTD

  —     340,737   340,737   1.0 %   340,737   —     —    

Highbridge International LLC (27)

  —     144,472   144,472   *     144,472   —     —    

Highbridge Convertible Arbitrage Master Fund L.P. (28)

 

—  

  39,525   39,525   *     39,525   —     —    

DKR SoundShore Oasis Holding Fund Ltd. (29)

  —     136,295   136,295   *     136,295   —     —    

Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC

  —     136,295   136,295   *     136,295   —     —    

ADI Alternative Investments c/o Kallista Master Fund Limited (30)

 

—  

  149,924   149,924   *     149,924   —     —    

ADI Alternative Investments (30)

  —     190,813   190,813   *     190,813   —     —    

ADI Alternative Investments c/o Casam ADI CB Arbitrage (30)

 

—  

  68,147   68,147   *     68,147   —     —    

Total

  907,645   4,782,030   5,689,675   15.2 %   4,782,030   907,645   2.4 %

 * Less than one percent of the outstanding shares of common stock.
(1) Additional selling securityholders not named in this prospectus will not be able to use this prospectus for resales until they are named in the selling securityholder table by prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment to the registration of which this prospectus is a part.
(2) The maximum aggregate number of shares of common stock that may be sold under this prospectus is 6,269,570 based on an assumed maximum exchange rate of 13.6295 common shares per $1,000 principal amount of notes.
(3) Calculated based on Rule 13d-3(d)(1)(i) under the Exchange Act using 32,698,554 shares of common stock outstanding as of June 27, 2007. In calculating this percentage for a particular holder, we treated as outstanding the number of shares of common stock held by that particular holder and excluded the number of shares of common stock held by any other holder.
(4) Assumes that all of the shares of common stock issued in exchange for the notes have been sold by the selling securityholders.
(5) The power to direct the voting and disposition of the securities is held by TQA Investors, LLC, which is in turn held by Robert Butman, Paul Bucci, DJ Langis, Andrew Anderson, George Esser and Bartholomew Tesoriero.
(6) The power to direct the voting and disposition of the securities is held by TQA Investors, LLC, which is in turn held by Paul Bucci, Darren Langis, Andrew Anderson and Steven Potamis.
(7) The power to direct the voting and disposition of the securities is held by Dermot Keane.
(8) Wholly-owned subsidiary of RBC Capital Markets Corp.
(9) The power to direct the voting and disposition of the securities is held by Eric Hage and Daniel Hage.
(10) Managed by Mohican Financial Management, LLC.
(11) The power to direct the voting and disposition of the securities is held by Patrick Corrigan.
(12) Polygon Investment Partner LLP and Polygon Investment Partners LP (the “Investment Managers”), Polygon Investments Ltd. (the “Manager”), Alexander E. Jackson, Reade E. Griffith and Patrick G. G. Dear share voting and dispositive power of the securities held by Polygon Global Opportunities Master Fund. The Investment Managers, the Manager, Alexander E. Jackson, Reade E. Griffith and Patrick G. G. Dear disclaim beneficial ownership of the securities held by Polygon Global Opportunities Master Fund.

 

7


Table of Contents
(13) Pursuant to investment agreements, each of S.A.C. Capital Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“SAC Capital Advisors”), and S.A.C. Capital Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“SAC Capital Management”) share all investment and voting power with respect to securities held by S.A.C. Arbitrage Fund, LLC. Mr. Steven A. Cohen controls both SAC Capital Advisors and SAC Capital Management. Each of SAC Capital Advisors, SAC Capital Management and Mr. Cohen disclaims beneficial ownership of the securities held by S.A.C. Arbitrage Fund, LLC.
(14) Affiliate of D.E. Shaw Valence, L.L.C. and D.E. Shaw Securities, L.L.C. D.E. Shaw & Co., L.P., as either managing member or investment adviser, has voting and investment control over any shares of common stock issuable upon exchange of the notes. Julius Gaudio, Eric Wepsic and Anne Dinning, or their designees exercise voting and investment control over the notes on behalf of D.E. Shaw & Co., L.P.
(15) The power to direct the voting and disposition of the securities is held by Yan Vtorov.
(16) JMG Triton Offshore Fund, Ltd. (the “Fund”) is an international business company organized under the laws of the British Virgin Islands. The Fund’s investment manager is Pacific Assets Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Manager”) that has voting and dispositive power over the Fund’s investments, including the common stock issuable upon exchange of the notes. The equity interests of the Manager are owned by Pacific Capital Management, Inc., a California corporation (“Pacific”) and Asset Alliance Holding Corp., a Delaware corporation. The equity interests of Pacific are owned by Messrs. Roger Richter, Jonathan M. Glaser and Daniel A. David. Messrs. Glaser and Richter have sole investment discretion over the Fund’s portfolio holdings.
(17) The power to direct the voting and disposition of the securities is held by KBC Financial Products USA Inc. KBC Financial Products USA Inc. is a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of KBC Financial Holdings, Inc., which in turn is a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of KBC Bank N.V., which in turn is a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of KBC Group N.V., a publicly traded entity.
(18) CNH Partners, LLC is the investment advisor of the selling securityholder and has sole voting and dispositive power over the common stock issuable upon exchange of the notes. Investment principals for the investment advisor are Robert Krail, Mark Mitchell and Todd Pulvino.
(19) GLG market Neutral Fund is a publicly owned company listed on the Irish Stock Exchange. GLG Partners LP, an English limited partnership, acts as the investment manager of the fund and has voting and dispositive power over the securities held by the fund. The general partner of GLG Partners LP is GLG Partners Limited, an English limited company. The shareholders of GLG Partners Limited are Noam Gottesman, Pierre Lagrange, Jonathan Green and Lehman Brothers (Cayman) Limited, a subsidiary of Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc., a publicly held entity. The managing directors of GLG Partners Limited are Noam Gottesman, Pierre Lagrange and Emmanuel Roman and, as a result, each has voting and dispositive power over the securities held by the fund. GLG Partners LP, GLG Partners Limited, Noam Gottesman, Pierre Lagrange and Emmanuel Roman disclaim beneficial ownership of the securities held by the fund, except for their pecuniary interest therein.
(20) The power to direct the voting and disposition of the securities is held by Richard Simpson.
(21) SuttonBrook Capital Management LP is the investment manager of SuttonBrook Capital Portfolio LP. John London and Steven M. Weinstein have control and voting power over SuttonBrook Capital Management LP.
(22) The power to direct the voting and disposition of the securities is held by Alan Smith, Blair Gauld, Dennis Hunter, Karla Bolden and Jim Rogers.
(23) Subsidiary of Citigroup Inc.
(24) The power to direct the voting and disposition of the securities is held by Jonathan Barton.
(25) Subsidiary of Bank of Montreal.
(26) T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. serves as investment adviser with power to direct investments and/or sole power to vote the shares owned by the fund/account, as well as shares owned by certain other individual and institutional investors. For purposes of reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of all of the shares listed above; however, T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. expressly disclaims that it is, in fact, the beneficial owner of such securities. T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. is the wholly-owned subsidiary of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc., which is a publicly traded financial services holding company.
(27) Highbridge Capital Management, LLC is the trading manager of Highbridge International LLC and has sole power to direct the voting and disposition of the securities held by Highbridge International LLC. Glenn Dubin and Henry Swieca control Highbridge Capital Management, LLC and have the power to direct the voting and disposition of the securities held by Highbridge International LLC. Each of Highbridge Capital Management, LLC, Glenn Dubin and Henry Swieca disclaims beneficial ownership of the securities held by Highbridge International LLC.
(28) Highbridge Capital Management, LLC is the trading manager of Highbridge Convertible Arbitrage Master Fund, L.P. and has the power to direct the voting and disposition of the securities is held by Highbridge Convertible Arbitrage Master Fund, L.P. Glenn Dubin and Henry Swieca control Highbridge Capital Management, LLC and have the power to direct the voting and disposition of the securities held by Highbridge Convertible Master Fund, L.P. Each of Highbridge Capital Management, LLC, Glenn Dubin and Henry Swieca disclaims beneficial ownership of the securities held by Highbridge Convertible Arbitrage Master Fund, L.P.
(29) The investment manager of DKR SoundShore Oasis Holding Fund Ltd. (the “Fund”) is DKR Oasis Management Company LP (the “Investment Manager”). The Investment Manager has the authority to do any and all acts on behalf of the Fund, including voting any shares held by the Fund. Mr. Seth Fischer is the managing partner of Oasis Management Holdings LLC, one of the general partners of the Investment Manager. Mr. Fischer has ultimate responsibility for investments with respect to the Fund. Mr. Fischer disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares.
(30) The power to direct the voting and disposition of the securities is held by Patrick Hobin, Makrem Boumlouka, Christophe Lepitre, Erich Bonnet and Alain Reinhold.

 

8


Table of Contents

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

The following summary of the terms of our capital stock does not purport to be complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to our charter documents and bylaws, copies of which have previously been filed with the SEC. See “Available Information” in this prospectus.

Common Stock

General. Our charter authorizes us to issue 150,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share. As of March 31, 2007, we had 32,698,554 shares of common stock issued and outstanding. The 32,698,554 outstanding shares excludes the 2,247,774 shares of common stock, as of March 31, 2007, which we may issue in exchange for presently outstanding common units that may be tendered for redemption to the operating partnership.

Shares of our common stock:

 

   

are entitled to one vote per share on all matters presented to stockholders generally for a vote, including the election of directors, with no right to cumulative voting;

 

   

do not have any conversion rights;

 

   

do not have any exchange rights;

 

   

do not have any sinking fund rights;

 

   

do not have any redemption rights;

 

   

do not have any appraisal rights;

 

   

do not have any preemptive rights to subscribe for any of our securities; and

 

   

are subject to restrictions on ownership and transfer.

We may pay distributions on shares of our common stock, subject to the preferential rights of our Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock, and, when issued, our Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock and Series D Preferred Stock, and any other series or class of capital stock that we may issue in the future with rights to dividends and other distributions senior to our common stock. However, we may only pay distributions when our board of directors authorizes a distribution out of legally available funds. We make, and intend to continue to make, quarterly distributions on outstanding shares of our common stock.

Our board of directors may:

 

   

reclassify any unissued shares of our common stock into other classes or series of capital stock;

 

   

establish the number of shares in each of these classes or series of capital stock;

 

   

establish any preference rights, conversion rights and other rights, including voting powers, of each of these classes or series of capital stock;

 

   

establish restrictions, such as limitations and restrictions on ownership, dividends or other distributions of each of these classes or series of capital stock; and

 

   

establish qualifications and terms or conditions of redemption for each of these classes or series of capital stock.

Material provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law. Under the Maryland General Corporation Law, or the MGCL, our stockholders are generally not liable for our debts or obligations. If we liquidate, we will first pay all debts and other liabilities, including debts and liabilities arising out of our status as general partner of the operating partnership, and any preferential distributions on any outstanding shares of preferred stock. Each

 

9


Table of Contents

holder of our common stock then will share ratably in our remaining assets. All shares of our common stock have equal distribution, liquidation and voting rights, and have no preference or exchange rights, subject to the ownership limits in our charter or as permitted by our board of directors pursuant to executed waiver agreements.

Under the MGCL, we generally require approval by our stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to vote before we can:

 

   

dissolve;

 

   

amend our charter;

 

   

merge;

 

   

sell all or substantially all of our assets;

 

   

engage in a share exchange; or

 

   

engage in similar transactions outside the ordinary course of business.

Because the term “substantially all of a company’s assets” is not defined in the MGCL, it is subject to Maryland common law and to judicial interpretation and review in the context of the unique facts and circumstances of any particular transaction. Although the MGCL allows our charter to establish a lesser percentage of affirmative votes by our stockholders for approval of those actions, our charter does not include such a provision.

Rights to purchase Series B Preferred Stock. Each share of our common stock includes a right to purchase from us, once the rights become exercisable, one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of our Series B Preferred Stock, at a purchase price of $71.00 per share, subject to anti-dilution adjustments. Once exercisable, the rights may be exercised until we redeem them, until they are exchanged or terminated, or until they expire on October 2, 2008.

The rights will be transferred only with shares of our common stock until the earlier to occur of:

(1) ten days following a public announcement that a person or group of affiliated or associated persons, which we refer to as an acquiring person, has acquired, or obtained the right to acquire, beneficial ownership of:

 

   

15% or more of the shares of our common stock or,

 

   

in the case of John B. Kilroy, Sr., the Chairman of our board of directors, John B. Kilroy, Jr., our President and Chief Executive Officer, and Kilroy Industries, and their respective affiliates, of more than 21% of the shares of our common stock; and

(2) ten business days, or on a later date as may be determined by our board of directors, prior to the time that any person or group of affiliated persons becomes an acquiring person, following the commencement or announcement of an intention to make a tender offer or exchange offer for shares of our common stock, the consummation of which would result in the beneficial ownership by:

 

   

a person or group of 15% or more of the shares of our common stock or,

 

   

in the case of John B. Kilroy, Sr., the Chairman of our board of directors, John B. Kilroy, Jr., our President and Chief Executive Officer, and Kilroy Industries, and their respective affiliates, of more than 21% of the shares of our common stock.

We refer to the earlier of these dates as the distribution date. The rights will be transferred only with shares of our common stock until the distribution date, or the earlier redemption or expiration of the rights. Our board of directors may not postpone the exercisability and transferability of the rights. As soon as practicable after the distribution date, separate right certificates will be issued to holders of record of shares of common stock as of the close of business on the distribution date. Subject to the termination of the right of redemption, the rights will become exercisable and transferable. Right certificates initially will represent the right to purchase one share of common stock for each share of our common stock currently outstanding.

 

10


Table of Contents

If a person or group becomes an acquiring person, or if we are the surviving corporation in a merger with an acquiring person or any affiliate or associate of an acquiring person and shares of our common stock are not changed or exchanged, each holder of a right, other than rights that are or were acquired or beneficially owned by the acquiring person, may receive upon exercise that number of shares of our common stock having a market value of two times the then current purchase price of one right. The rights that are or were acquired or beneficially owned by the acquiring person will then be void.

We will adjust the number of rights associated with each share of our common stock as necessary if we distribute shares of common stock as dividends, or declare a stock split or reverse stock split in our common stock. If after a person has become an acquiring person we are acquired in a merger or other business combination transaction or more than 50% of our assets or earning power are sold, each holder of a right will receive, upon the exercise of a right at the then current purchase price, the number of shares of common stock of the acquiring company which at the time of that transaction would have a market value of two times the then current purchase price of one right.

At any time after a person becomes an acquiring person and prior to the earlier of one of the events described in the last sentence in the previous paragraph or the acquisition by the acquiring person of 50% or more of our then outstanding common stock, we may exchange the rights, other than rights owned by an acquiring person which have become void, in whole or in part, for shares of common stock having an aggregate value equal to the difference between the value of the common stock issuable upon exercise of the rights and the purchase price payable upon the exercise.

Our board of directors may:

 

   

redeem the rights in whole, but not in part, at a redemption price of $.01 per right at any time prior to the time a person becomes an acquiring person;

 

   

in its sole discretion establish when the redemption of the rights may be made effective, on what basis and under what conditions; and

 

   

amend any of the provisions of the rights agreement for so long as the rights are redeemable.

Immediately upon any redemption of the rights, a stockholder’s right to exercise the rights will terminate and the holders of rights may then only receive the redemption price. After the rights are no longer redeemable, we may amend or supplement the rights agreement only in a manner that does not adversely affect the interests of the holders of the rights.

We may adjust from time to time the purchase price payable, and the number of one one-hundredths of a share of Series B Preferred Stock or other securities or property issuable, upon exercise of the rights to prevent dilution:

 

   

in the event of a stock dividend on, or a subdivision, combination or reclassification of, the Series B Preferred Stock;

 

   

upon the grant to holders of the shares of Series B Preferred Stock of some rights or warrants to subscribe to or purchase shares of Series B Preferred Stock or convertible securities at less than the current market price of the Series B Preferred Stock; or

 

   

upon the distribution to holders of shares of Series B Preferred Stock of evidences of indebtedness, cash, securities or assets or of subscription rights or warrants, other than those referred to above.

The distributions referred to above exclude:

 

   

regular periodic cash dividends at a rate not in excess of 125% of the rate of the last regular periodic cash dividend paid; or

 

11


Table of Contents
   

in case regular periodic cash dividends have not been paid, at a rate not in excess of 50% of our average net income per share for the four quarters ended immediately prior to the payment of the dividend, or dividends payable in shares of Series B Preferred Stock which will be subject to the adjustment described above.

Until a right is exercised, the holder of the right will have no rights as a stockholder beyond those existing as a result of the ownership of shares of common stock, including, without limitation, the right to vote or to receive dividends.

Preferred Stock

Our charter authorizes us to issue 30,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $.01 per share. Of the 30,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock, we have classified and designated 1,500,000 shares as Series A Preferred Stock, 400,000 shares as Series B Preferred Stock, 900,000 shares as Series D Preferred Stock, 1,610,000 shares as Series E Preferred Stock and 3,450,000 shares as Series F Preferred Stock. As of the date of this prospectus, 1,610,000 shares of our Series E Preferred Stock are issued and outstanding and 3,450,000 shares of our Series F Preferred Stock are issued and outstanding.

We may classify, designate and issue additional shares of currently authorized shares of preferred stock, in one or more classes, as authorized by our board of directors without the prior consent of our stockholders. The board of directors may afford the holders of preferred stock preferences, powers and rights—voting or otherwise—senior to the rights of holders of shares of our common stock. Our board of directors can authorize the issuance of currently authorized shares of preferred stock with terms and conditions that could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control transaction that might involve a premium price for holders of shares of our common stock or otherwise be in their best interest. All shares of preferred stock which are issued and are or become outstanding are or will be fully paid and nonassessable. Before we may issue any shares of preferred stock of any class, the MGCL and our charter require our board of directors to determine the following:

 

   

the designation;

 

   

the terms;

 

   

preferences;

 

   

conversion and other rights;

 

   

voting powers;

 

   

restrictions;

 

   

limitations as to distributions;

 

   

qualifications; and

 

   

terms or conditions of redemption.

7.45% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, 9.25% Series D Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, 7.80% Series E Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock and 7.50% Series F Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock

General. Of our 30,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock, we designated 1,500,000 shares as Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series A Preferred Stock”), 900,000 shares as Series D Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series D Preferred Stock”), 1,610,000 shares as Series E Preferred Stock (the “Series E Preferred Stock”), and 3,450,000 shares as Series F Preferred Stock (the “Series F Preferred Stock”). Shares of Series A Preferred Stock are issuable on a one-for-one basis only upon redemption or exchange of the Series A Preferred Units. The Series D Preferred Stock is issuable on a one-for-one basis only

 

12


Table of Contents

upon redemption or exchange of the Series D Preferred Units. However, the Series D Preferred Units were redeemed on December 9, 2004. Accordingly, the shares of our preferred stock currently designated as Series D Preferred Stock could only be issued if redesignated by our board of directors. All of the designated shares of Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock are issued and outstanding.

Dividends. Each share of Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock are entitled to receive dividends that are:

 

   

cumulative preferential dividends, in cash, from the date of issue payable in arrears on the 15th of February, May, August and November of each year, including in the case of Series A Preferred Stock, any accumulated but unpaid distributions in respect of Series A Preferred Units at the time they are exchanged for shares of Series A Preferred Stock;

 

   

on parity with any payments made to each other and with all other preferred stock designated as ranking on parity with the Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock;

 

   

in preference to any payment made on any other classes or series of capital stock or our other equity securities ranking junior to the Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock; and

 

   

at a rate of 7.45% per annum for shares of Series A Preferred Stock, at a rate of 9.25% per annum for shares of Series D Preferred Stock, at a rate of 7.80% per annum for shares of Series E Preferred Stock and at a rate of 7.50% per annum for shares of Series F Preferred Stock.

Ranking. The Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock will, with respect to dividends and rights upon voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of our affairs, rank:

 

   

senior to our common stock, the Series B Preferred Stock and all other preferred stock designated as ranking junior to the Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock;

 

   

on parity with each other and with all other preferred stock designated as ranking on a parity with the Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock; and

 

   

junior to all other preferred stock designated as ranking senior to the Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock.

Redemption. At our option, we may redeem, in whole or in part, from time to time, upon not less than 30 or more than 60 days written notice:

 

   

shares of Series A Preferred Stock and shares of Series D Preferred Stock;

 

   

shares of Series E Preferred Stock on and after November 21, 2008 and shares of Series F Preferred Stock on and after December 8, 2009, and prior to each of these dates to the extent necessary to maintain our qualification as a REIT;

 

   

shares of Series A Preferred Stock and Series D Preferred Stock at a redemption price payable in cash equal to $50.00 per share, and shares of Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock at a redemption price payable in cash equal to $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated but unpaid dividends whether or not declared up to and including the date of redemption;

 

   

by paying the redemption price of the Series E Preferred Stock and/or Series F Preferred Stock; and

 

   

by paying the redemption price of the Series A Preferred Stock and Series D Preferred Stock, excluding the portion consisting of accumulated but unpaid dividends, solely out of proceeds from issuance of our capital stock.

 

13


Table of Contents

No Maturity, Sinking Fund or Mandatory Redemption. The Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock have no maturity date, and we are not required to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock or Series F Preferred Stock at any time. Accordingly, the Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock will remain outstanding indefinitely, unless we decide, at our option, to exercise our redemption rights. None of the Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock or Series F Preferred Stock is subject to any sinking fund.

Limited Voting Rights. If we do not pay dividends on any shares of Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock or Series F Preferred Stock for six or more quarterly periods, including any periods during which we do not make distributions in respect of Series A Preferred Units prior to their exchange into shares of Series A Preferred Stock, whether or not consecutive, the holders of Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock will have the right to vote as a single class with all other shares of capital stock ranking on parity with the Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock which have similar vested voting rights for the election of two additional directors to our board of directors. The directors will be elected by a plurality of the votes cast in the election for a one-year term and each such director will serve until his successor is duly elected and qualified or until the director’s right to hold the office terminates, whichever occurs earlier, subject to the director’s earlier death, disqualification, resignation or removal. The election will take place at:

 

   

special meetings called at the request of the holders of at least 10% of the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock, or Series F Preferred Stock, or the holders of shares of any other class or series of stock on parity with the Series A Preferred Stock, the Series D Preferred Stock, the Series E Preferred Stock and the Series F Preferred Stock with respect to which dividends are also accumulated and unpaid, if this request is received more than 90 days before the date fixed for our next annual or special meeting of stockholders or, if we receive the request for a special meeting less than 90 days before the date fixed for our next annual or special meeting of stockholders, at our annual or special meeting of stockholders; and

 

   

each subsequent annual meeting (or special meeting in its place) until all dividends accumulated on the Series A Preferred Stock, the Series D Preferred Stock, the Series E Preferred Stock, the Series F Preferred Stock and any such other class or series of stock on parity with the Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock for all past dividend periods and the dividend for the then current dividend period, including accumulated but unpaid distributions in respect of Series A Preferred Units at the time they are exchanged for shares of Series A Preferred Stock have been fully paid or declared and a sum sufficient for the payment of the dividends is irrevocably set aside in trust for payment in full.

When all of the dividends have been paid in full, the holders of Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock will be divested of their voting rights and the term of any member of our board of directors elected by the holders of Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock, Series F Preferred Stock and holders of any other shares of stock on parity with the Series A Preferred Stock, the Series D Preferred Stock, the Series E Preferred Stock and the Series F Preferred Stock will terminate.

In addition, so long as any shares of Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock or Series F Preferred Stock are outstanding, without the consent of at least two-thirds of the holders of the series of preferred stock then outstanding, as applicable, we may not:

 

   

authorize or create, or increase the authorized or issued amount of, any shares of capital stock ranking senior to the Series A Preferred Stock, the Series D Preferred Stock, the Series E Preferred Stock and the Series F Preferred Stock with respect to payment of dividends or rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of our affairs;

 

14


Table of Contents
   

reclassify any of our authorized shares of capital stock into any shares ranking senior to the Series A Preferred Stock, the Series D Preferred Stock, the Series E Preferred Stock and the Series F Preferred Stock;

 

   

designate or create, or increase the authorized or issued amount of, or reclassify any of our authorized shares of capital stock into any stock on parity with the Series A Preferred Stock, the Series D Preferred Stock, the Series E Preferred Stock and the Series F Preferred Stock, or create, authorize or issue any obligations or security convertible into or evidencing the right to purchase any such shares, but only to the extent the shares on parity with the Series A Preferred Stock, the Series D Preferred Stock, the Series E Preferred Stock and the Series F Preferred Stock are issued to one of our affiliates; or

 

   

either

 

   

consolidate, merge into or with, or convey, transfer or lease our assets substantially as an entirety, to any corporation or other entity; or

 

   

amend, alter or repeal the provisions of our charter or bylaws, whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise,

in each case that would materially and adversely affect the powers, special rights, preferences, privileges or voting power of the Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock or the holders of Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock.

For purposes of the previous paragraph, the following events will not be deemed to materially and adversely affect the rights, preferences, privileges or voting powers of the Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock or Series F Preferred Stock or any of their holders:

 

   

any merger, consolidation or transfer of all or substantially all of our assets, so long as either:

 

   

we are the surviving entity and the Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock or Series F Preferred Stock, respectively, remain outstanding on the same terms, or

 

   

the resulting, surviving or transferee entity is a corporation, business trust or other like entity organized under the laws of any state and substitutes for the Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock or Series F Preferred Stock, respectively, other preferred stock having substantially the same terms and same rights as the Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock or Series F Preferred Stock, respectively, including with respect to dividends, voting rights and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding-up; and

 

   

any increase in the amount of authorized preferred stock or the creation or issuance of any other class or series of preferred stock, or any increase in an amount of authorized shares of each class or series, in each case ranking either junior to or on parity with the Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock or Series F Preferred Stock with respect to dividend rights and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding-up to the extent such preferred stock is not issued to one of our affiliates.

In addition, we may increase the authorized or issued amount of the Series F Preferred Stock, whether by amendment or supplement of our charter or otherwise, without any vote of the holders of the Series F Preferred Stock, if all such additional shares:

 

   

remain unissued; and/or

 

   

are issued to an underwriter in a public offering registered with the SEC.

 

15


Table of Contents

Each share of Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock shall have one vote per $50.00 of stated liquidation preference. The voting provisions above will not apply if, at or prior to the time when the act with respect to which the vote would otherwise be required would occur, we have redeemed or called for redemption upon proper procedures all outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock, as applicable.

The Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock will have no voting rights other than as discussed above.

Liquidation Preference. Upon any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of our affairs, each share of Series A Preferred Stock and Series D Preferred Stock is entitled to a liquidation preference of $50.00 per share and each share of Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock is entitled to a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated but unpaid dividends, in preference to any other class or series of our capital stock, other than those equity securities expressly designated as ranking on a parity with or senior to the Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock.

Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock

General. Of our 30,000,000 authorized preferred shares, we designated 400,000 shares as Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock (the “Series B Preferred Stock”). The Series B Preferred Stock is issuable upon exercise of the rights to purchase shares of Series B Preferred Stock, as described above in the section entitled “—Common Stock—Rights to purchase Series B Preferred Stock.”

Ranking. The Series B Preferred Stock, if and when issued, will rank:

 

   

junior to our Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock, if and when issued, and all other classes or series of preferred stock designated as ranking senior to the Series B Preferred Stock with respect to distributions and rights upon liquidation, dissolution, or winding-up;

 

   

senior to all classes or series of preferred stock designated as ranking junior to the Series B Preferred Stock; and

 

   

on a parity with all other classes or series of stock designated as ranking on a parity with the Series B Preferred Stock.

Dividends. Each share of Series B Preferred Stock will be entitled, when, and if declared, to the greater of:

 

   

a minimum preferential cumulative quarterly dividend payment of $1.00 per share paid on the first day of March, June, September and December; and

 

   

an aggregate dividend of 100 times the dividend, if any, declared per share of common stock, other than a dividend payable in shares of common stock, since the last quarterly dividend payment date.

We will adjust the right to dividends per share of the Series B Preferred Stock if we increase or decrease the number of shares of common stock by declaring or paying a dividend on the common stock payable in shares of common stock, or subdividing, combining or consolidating the outstanding shares of our common stock.

Accumulated and unpaid dividends shall not bear interest. Dividends paid on shares of Series B Preferred Stock which are less than the total amount of the dividends accumulated and payable on these shares shall be allocated pro rata on a share-by-share basis among all of the outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock.

 

16


Table of Contents

Until dividends or distributions payable on the Series B Preferred Stock, whether or not declared, have been paid in full, we may not:

 

   

declare or pay dividends, or make any other distributions, including upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, on any shares of capital stock ranking:

 

   

junior to the Series B Preferred Stock;

 

   

on parity with the Series B Preferred Stock, except dividends paid ratably on the Series B Preferred Stock and any parity stock on which dividends are payable or in arrears in proportion to the total amounts to which the holders of all shares are then entitled;

 

   

redeem or purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration:

 

   

shares of any capital stock ranking junior, either as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, to the Series B Preferred Stock, except as provided in our charter to protect our REIT status or if we acquire shares of junior stock in exchange for shares of any of our capital stock ranking junior both as to dividends and upon dissolution, liquidation or winding-up, to the Series B Preferred Stock; or

 

   

any shares of Series B Preferred Stock, or any shares of capital stock ranking on parity with the Series B Preferred Stock, except as provided for in our charter to protect our REIT status or in accordance with a written or published purchase offer to all holders of the shares on terms that our board of directors shall determine in good faith will result in fair and equitable treatment among the respective series or classes.

We will not permit any of our subsidiaries to purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any shares of our capital stock unless we could purchase or otherwise acquire the shares at that time and in the manner set forth above.

Liquidation Preference. If we liquidate, dissolve or wind-up our business, the holders of shares of Series B Preferred Stock will be entitled, pro rata with any shares of preferred stock ranking on parity with the Series B Preferred Stock, to an aggregate preferential liquidation payment of 100 times the payment made per share of common stock. In no event may the liquidation payment be less than $100 per share plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends. We will adjust the liquidation preference per share of the Series B Preferred Stock if we increase or decrease the number of shares of common stock by declaring or paying a dividend on the common stock payable in shares of common stock, or subdividing, combining or consolidating the outstanding shares of common stock.

Voting rights. Each holder of a share of Series B Preferred Stock is entitled to 100 votes on all matters submitted to our stockholders having general voting rights. We will adjust as necessary the votes per share of the Series B Preferred Stock if we increase or decrease the number of shares of common stock by declaring or paying a dividend on the common stock payable in shares of common stock, or subdividing, combining or consolidating the outstanding shares of common stock.

Except as required by law, we do not require the consent of holders of Series B Preferred Stock for taking any corporate action, unless they are entitled to vote with holders of common stock. Generally, any holder of Series B Preferred Stock, common stock or any other shares of stock that have general voting powers will vote together as one class on all matters submitted to those stockholders having general voting rights.

Business Combinations. If we enter into any consolidation, merger, combination or other transaction, shares of our common stock may be exchanged for or changed into other stock or securities, cash and/or any other property. In that case, each share of Series B Preferred Stock shall at the same time be similarly exchanged or changed into an amount per share equal to 100 times the aggregate amount of stock, securities, cash and/or any other property, payable in kind, as the case may be, into or for which each share of common stock is changed or

 

17


Table of Contents

exchanged. We will adjust the amount of per share consideration to be received by holders of Series B Preferred Stock upon any of these transactions if we increase or decrease the number of shares of common stock by declaring or paying a dividend on the common stock payable in shares of common stock, or subdividing, combining or consolidating the outstanding shares of common stock.

Redemption. We may not redeem the Series B Preferred Stock at any time.

Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer of Our Capital Stock

Internal Revenue Code Requirements.

To maintain our tax status as a REIT, five or fewer “individuals,” as that term is defined in the Code, which includes certain entities, may not own, actually or constructively, more than 50% in value of our issued and outstanding capital stock at any time during the last half of a taxable year. Constructive ownership provisions in the Code determine if any individual or entity constructively owns our capital stock for purposes of this requirement. In addition, 100 or more persons must beneficially own our capital stock during at least 335 days of a taxable year or during a proportionate part of a short taxable year. Also, rent from tenants in which we actually or constructively own a 10% or greater interest is not qualifying income for purposes of the gross income tests of the Code. To help ensure we meet these tests, our charter restricts the acquisition and ownership of shares of our capital stock.

Transfer Restrictions in Our Charter.

Subject to exceptions specified in our charter, no holder may own, either actually or constructively under the applicable constructive ownership provisions of the Code:

 

   

more than 7.0%, by number of shares or value, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of our common stock;

 

   

if and when issued, more than 7.0%, by number of shares or value, whichever is more restrictive, of our Series B Preferred Stock;

 

   

if and when issued, shares of our Series A Preferred Stock, and/or Series D Preferred Stock, which, taking into account all other shares of our capital stock actually or constructively held, would cause a holder to own more than 7.0% by value of our outstanding shares of capital stock; or

 

   

more than 9.8%, by number of shares or value, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of our Series E Preferred Stock or Series F Preferred Stock.

In addition, because rent from tenants in which we actually or constructively own a 10% or greater interest is not qualifying rent for purposes of the gross income tests under the Code, our charter provides that no holder may own, either actually or constructively by virtue of the constructive ownership provisions of the Code, which differ from the constructive ownership provisions used for purposes of the preceding sentence:

 

   

more than 9.8%, by number of shares or value, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of our common stock;

 

   

if and when issued, more than 9.8% by number of shares or value, whichever is more restrictive, of our Series B Preferred Stock;

 

   

if and when issued, shares of our Series A Preferred Stock and/or Series D Preferred Stock which, taking into account all other shares of our capital stock actually or constructively held, would cause a holder to own more than 9.8% by value of our outstanding shares of capital stock; or

 

   

more than 9.8%, by number of shares or value, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of our Series E Preferred Stock or Series F Preferred Stock.

We refer to the limits described in this paragraph and the preceding paragraph, together, as the “ownership limits.”

 

18


Table of Contents

The constructive ownership provisions set forth in the Code are complex, and may cause shares of our capital stock owned actually or constructively by a group of related individuals and/or entities to be constructively owned by one individual or entity. As a result, the acquisition of shares of our capital stock in an amount that does not exceed the ownership limits, or the acquisition of an interest in an entity that actually or constructively owns our capital stock, could, nevertheless cause that individual or entity, or another individual or entity, to own constructively shares in excess of the ownership limits and thus violate the ownership limits described above or otherwise permitted by our board of directors. In addition, if and when such shares are issued, a violation of the ownership limits relating to the Series A Preferred Stock or Series D Preferred Stock could occur as a result of a fluctuation in the relative value of any outstanding series of our preferred stock and our common stock, even absent a transfer or other change in actual or constructive ownership.

Our board of directors may waive the ownership limits with respect to a particular stockholder if it:

 

   

determines that the ownership will not jeopardize our status as a REIT; and

 

   

otherwise decides that this action would be in our best interest.

As a condition of this waiver, our board of directors may require opinions of counsel satisfactory to it and/or undertakings or representations from the applicant with respect to preserving our REIT status. Our board of directors has waived the ownership limit applicable to our common stock for John B. Kilroy, Sr. and John B. Kilroy, Jr., allowing them to own up to 19.6% of our common stock. However, the board of directors conditioned this waiver upon the receipt of undertakings and representations from Messrs. Kilroy which it believed were reasonably necessary in order to conclude that the waiver would not cause us to fail to qualify and maintain our status as a REIT. Our board of directors also waived the ownership limits with respect to the initial purchasers and certain of their affiliated entities in the offering of 3.250% Exchangeable Senior Notes Due 2012, allowing each of them and certain of their affiliated entities to beneficially own up to 9.8%, in the aggregate, of our common stock in connection with hedging the capped call transactions.

In addition to the foregoing ownership limits, no holder may own, either actually or constructively under the applicable attribution rules of the Code, any shares of any class of our capital stock if, as a result of such ownership:

 

   

more than 50% in value of our outstanding capital stock would be owned, either actually or constructively under the applicable constructive ownership provisions of the Code, by five or fewer individuals, as defined in the Code;

 

   

our capital stock would be beneficially owned by less than 100 persons, determined without reference to any constructive ownership provisions; or

 

   

we would fail to qualify as a REIT.

Any person who acquires or attempts or intends to acquire actual or constructive ownership of our shares of capital stock that will or may violate any of the foregoing restrictions on transferability and ownership must give us notice immediately and provide us with any other information that we may request in order to determine the effect of the transfer on our status as a REIT. The foregoing restrictions on transferability and ownership will not apply if our board of directors determines that it is no longer in our best interest to attempt to qualify, or to continue to qualify, as a REIT.

Effect of Violation of Ownership Limits and Transfer Restrictions.

If any attempted transfer of our capital stock or any other event would result in any person violating the ownership limits described above, unless otherwise permitted by our board of directors, then the purported transfer will be void ab initio and of no force or effect with respect to the attempted transferee as to that number of shares in excess of the applicable ownership limit, and the transferee shall acquire no right or interest in the

 

19


Table of Contents

excess shares. In the case of any event other than a purported transfer, the person or entity holding record title to any of the excess shares shall cease to own any right or interest in the excess shares.

Any excess shares described above will be transferred automatically, by operation of law, to a trust, the beneficiary of which will be a qualified charitable organization selected by us. The automatic transfer will be effective as of the close of business on the business day prior to the date of the violative transfer.

The trustee must:

 

   

within 20 days of receiving notice from us of the transfer of shares to the trust:

 

   

sell the excess shares to a person or entity who could own the shares without violating the ownership limits or as otherwise permitted by our board of directors; and

 

   

distribute to the prohibited transferee or owner, as applicable, an amount equal to the lesser of the price paid by the prohibited transferee or owner for the excess shares or the sales proceeds received by the trust for the excess shares;

 

   

in the case of any excess shares resulting from any event other than a transfer, or from a transfer for no consideration, such as a gift:

 

   

sell the excess shares to a qualified person or entity; and

 

   

distribute to the prohibited transferee or owner, as applicable, an amount equal to the lesser of the market price of the excess shares as of the date of the event or the sales proceeds (net of any commissions and other expenses of sale) received by the trust for the excess shares; and

 

   

in either case above, distribute any proceeds in excess of the amount distributable to the prohibited transferee or owner, as applicable, to the charitable organization selected by us as beneficiary of the trust.

The trustee shall be designated by us and be unaffiliated with us and any prohibited transferee or owner. Prior to a sale of any excess shares by the trust, the trustee will receive, in trust for the beneficiary, all dividends and other distributions paid by us with respect to the excess shares, and may also exercise all voting rights with respect to the excess shares.

Subject to Maryland law, effective as of the date that the shares have been transferred to the trust, the trustee shall have the authority, at the trustee’s sole discretion:

 

   

to rescind as void any vote cast by a prohibited transferee or owner, as applicable, prior to our discovery that our shares have been transferred to the trust; and

 

   

to recast the vote in accordance with the desires of the trustee acting for the benefit of the beneficiary of the trust.

However, if we have already taken irreversible corporate action, then the trustee may not rescind and recast the vote. Any dividend or other distribution paid to the prohibited transferee or owner, prior to our discovery that the shares had been automatically transferred to a trust as described above, must be repaid to the trustee upon demand for distribution to the beneficiary of the trust. If the transfer to the trust as described above is not automatically effective, for any reason, to prevent violation of the applicable ownership limit or as otherwise permitted by the board of directors, then our charter provides that the transfer of the excess shares will be void ab initio.

If shares of capital stock are transferred to any person in a manner which would cause us to be beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons, the transfer shall be null and void in its entirety, and the intended transferee will acquire no rights to the stock.

 

20


Table of Contents

If our board of directors shall at any time determine in good faith that a person intends to acquire or own, has attempted to acquire or own, or may acquire or own our capital stock in violation of the limits described above, it shall take actions to refuse to give effect to or to prevent the ownership or acquisition, including, but not limited to:

 

   

authorizing us to repurchase stock;

 

   

refusing to give effect to the ownership or acquisition on our books; or

 

   

instituting proceedings to enjoin the ownership or acquisition.

All certificates representing shares of our capital stock bear a legend referring to the restrictions described above.

All persons who own at least a specified percentage of the outstanding shares of our stock must file with us a completed questionnaire annually containing information about their ownership of the shares, as set forth in the applicable Treasury regulations. Under current Treasury regulations, the percentage is between 0.5% and 5.0%, depending on the number of record holders of our shares. In addition, each stockholder may be required to disclose to us in writing information about the actual and constructive ownership of our shares as our board of directors deems necessary to comply with the provisions of the Code applicable to a REIT or to comply with the requirements of any taxing authority or governmental agency.

These ownership limitations could discourage a takeover or other transaction in which holders of some, or a majority, of our shares of capital stock might receive a premium for their shares over the then prevailing market price or which stockholders might believe to be otherwise in their best interest.

Transfer Agent and Registrar for Shares of Capital Stock

Mellon Investor Services LLC is the transfer agent and registrar for shares of our preferred stock and common stock.

 

21


Table of Contents

DESCRIPTION OF MATERIAL PROVISIONS OF THE PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT OF KILROY REALTY, L.P.

We have summarized the material terms and provisions of the Fifth Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of the operating partnership, as amended, which we refer to as the partnership agreement. This summary is not complete. For more detail, you should refer to the partnership agreement itself, which we have previously filed with the SEC and which is incorporated herein by reference.

Management of the Partnership

The operating partnership is a Delaware limited partnership. We are the sole general partner of the operating partnership and conduct substantially all of our business through it.

As the sole general partner of the operating partnership, we exercise exclusive and complete discretion in its day-to-day management and control. We can cause the operating partnership to enter into certain major transactions including acquisitions, dispositions and refinancings and cause changes in its line of business, capital structure and distribution policies. The operating partnership has both preferred limited partnership interests and common limited partnership interests. As of March 31, 2007, the operating partnership had issued and outstanding 1,500,000 Series A Preferred Units, no Series B Preferred Units, no Series D Preferred Units, 1,610,000 Series E Preferred Units, 3,450,000 Series F Preferred Units and 2,247,774 common limited partnership units. We refer collectively to the Series A Preferred Units, Series B Preferred Units, Series D Preferred Units, Series E Preferred Units, Series F Preferred Units and the common units as the units. Limited partners may not transact business for, or participate in the management activities or decisions of, the operating partnership, except as provided in the partnership agreement and as required by applicable law.

Indemnification of our Officers and Directors

To the extent permitted by applicable law, the partnership agreement indemnifies us, as general partner, and our officers and directors and any other persons we may designate. Similarly, the partnership agreement limits our liability, as well as that of our officers and directors, to the operating partnership.

Transferability of Partnership Interests

Generally, we may not voluntarily withdraw from or transfer or assign our interest in the operating partnership without the consent of the holders of at least 60% of the common partnership interests including our interests. The limited partners may, without the consent of the general partner, transfer, assign, sell, encumber or otherwise dispose of their interest in the operating partnership to family members, affiliates (as defined under federal securities laws) and charitable organizations and as collateral in connection with certain lending transactions, and, with the consent of the general partner, may also transfer, assign or sell their partnership interest to accredited investors. In each case, the transferee must agree to assume the transferor’s obligations under the partnership agreements. This transfer is subject to our right of first refusal to purchase the limited partner’s units for our benefit.

In addition, without our consent, limited partners may not transfer their units:

 

   

to any person who lacks the legal capacity to own the units;

 

   

in violation of applicable law;

 

   

where the transfer is for only a portion of the rights represented by the units, such as the partner’s capital account or right to distributions;

 

   

if we believe the transfer would cause the termination of the operating partnership or would cause it to no longer be classified as a partnership for federal or state income tax purposes;

 

22


Table of Contents
   

if the transfer would cause the operating partnership to become a party-in-interest within the meaning of ERISA or would cause its assets to constitute assets of an employee benefit plan under applicable regulations;

 

   

if the transfer would require registration under applicable federal securities laws;

 

   

if the transfer could cause the operating partnership to become a “publicly traded partnership” under applicable Treasury regulations;

 

   

if the transfer could cause the operating partnership to be regulated under the Investment Company Act of 1940 or the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974; or

 

   

if the transfer would adversely affect our ability to maintain our qualification as a REIT.

We may not engage in any “termination transaction” without the approval of at least 60% of the common units in the operating partnership, including our general partner interest in the operating partnership. Examples of termination transactions include:

 

   

a merger;

 

   

a consolidation or other combination with or into another entity;

 

   

a sale of all or substantially all of our assets; or

 

   

a reclassification, recapitalization or change of our outstanding equity interests.

In connection with a termination transaction, all common limited partners must either receive, or have the right to elect to receive, for each common unit an amount of cash, securities or other property equal to the product of:

 

   

the number of shares of common stock into which each common unit is then exchangeable; and

 

   

the greatest amount of cash, securities or other property paid to the holder of one share of common stock in consideration for one share of common stock pursuant to the termination transaction.

If, in connection with a termination transaction, a purchase, tender or exchange offer is made to holders of our common stock, and the common stockholders accept this purchase, tender or exchange offer, each holder of common units must either receive, or must have the right to elect to receive, the greatest amount of cash, securities or other property which that holder would have received if immediately prior to the purchase, tender or exchange offer it had exercised its right to redemption, received shares of common stock in exchange for its common units, and accepted the purchase, tender or exchange offer.

We also may merge or otherwise combine our assets with another entity with the approval of at least 60% of the common units if:

 

   

substantially all of the assets directly or indirectly owned by the surviving entity are held directly or indirectly by the operating partnership as the surviving partnership or another limited partnership or limited liability company is the surviving partnership of a merger, consolidation or combination of assets with the operating partnership;

 

   

the common limited partners own a percentage interest of the surviving partnership based on the relative fair market value of the net assets of the operating partnership and the other net assets of the surviving partnership immediately prior to the consummation of this transaction;

 

   

the rights, preferences and privileges of the common limited partners in the surviving partnership are at least as favorable as those in effect immediately prior to the consummation of the transaction and as those applicable to any other limited partners or non-managing members of the surviving partnership; and

 

   

the common limited partners may exchange their interests in the surviving partnership for either:

 

23


Table of Contents
   

the consideration available to the common limited partner pursuant to the preceding paragraph; or

 

   

if the ultimate controlling person of the surviving partnership has publicly traded common equity securities, shares of those common equity securities, at an exchange ratio based on the relative fair market value of those securities and our common stock.

The board of directors will reasonably determine relative fair market values and rights, preferences and privileges of the limited partners as of the time of the termination transaction. These values may not be less favorable to the limited partners than the relative values reflected in the terms of the termination transaction.

We must use commercially reasonable efforts to structure transactions like those described above to avoid causing the common limited partners to recognize gain for federal income tax purposes by virtue of the occurrence of or their participation in the transaction. In addition, the operating partnership must use commercially reasonable efforts to cooperate with the common limited partners to minimize any taxes payable in connection with any repayment, refinancing, replacement or restructuring of indebtedness, or any sale, exchange or other disposition of its assets.

Issuance of Additional Units Representing Partnership Interests

As sole general partner of the operating partnership, we have the ability to cause it to issue additional units representing general and limited partnership interests. These units may include units representing preferred limited partnership interests, subject to the approval rights of holders of the Series A Preferred Units with respect to the issuance of preferred units ranking senior to the Series A Preferred Units, holders of the Series E Preferred Units with respect to the issuance of preferred units ranking senior to the Series E Preferred Units and holders of Series F Preferred Units with respect to the issuance of preferred units ranking senior to the Series F Preferred Units as described under the heading “Description of Material Provisions of the Partnership Agreement of Kilroy Realty, L.P.—7.45% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units, 7.80% Series E Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units and 7.50% Series F Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units.”

Capital Contributions by us to the Operating Partnership

We may borrow additional funds in excess of the funds available from borrowings or capital contributions from a financial institution or other lender or through public or private debt offerings. We may then lend these funds to the operating partnership on the same terms and conditions that applied to us. In some cases, we may instead contribute these funds as an additional capital contribution to the operating partnership and increase our interest in it and decrease the interests of the limited partners.

The Effect of Awards Granted Under Our Stock Incentive Plan

If options to purchase shares of our common stock granted in connection with our 1997 Stock Option and Incentive Plan or our 2006 Incentive Award Plan, or any successor equity incentive award plan, are exercised at any time, or restricted shares of common stock are issued under the plan, we must contribute to the operating partnership the exercise price that we receive in connection with the issuance of the shares of common stock to the exercising participant or the proceeds that we receive when we issue the shares. In exchange, we will be issued units in the operating partnership equal to the number of shares of common stock issued to the exercising participant in the plan.

Tax Matters That Affect The Operating Partnership

We have the authority under the partnership agreement to make tax elections under the Code on the operating partnership’s behalf.

 

24


Table of Contents

Allocations of Net Income and Net Losses to Partners

The net income of the operating partnership will generally be allocated as follows:

 

   

first, to the extent holders of units have been allocated net losses, net income shall be allocated to such holders to offset these losses, in an order of priority which is the reverse of the priority of the allocation of these losses;

 

   

next, pro rata among the holders of Series A Preferred Units in an amount equal to a 7.45% per annum cumulative return on the stated value of $50.00 per Series A Preferred Unit, holders of Series E Preferred Units in an amount equal to a 7.80% per annum cumulative return on the stated value of $25.00 per Series E Preferred Unit, and holders of Series F Preferred Units in an amount equal to 7.50% per annum cumulative return on the stated value of $25.00 per Series F Preferred Unit; and

 

   

the remaining net income, if any, will be allocated to us and to the common limited partners in accordance with our respective percentage interests.

Net losses of the operating partnership will be allocated as follows:

 

   

first, to us and the common limited partners in accordance with their respective percentage interests, but only to the extent the allocation does not cause a partner to have a negative adjusted capital account (ignoring any limited partner capital contribution obligations);

 

   

next, pro rata among the holders of the Series A Preferred Units, Series E Preferred Units and Series F Preferred Units, but only to the extent that the allocation does not cause a partner to have a negative adjusted capital account (ignoring any limited partner capital contribution obligations);

 

   

next, to partners pro rata in proportion to their positive adjusted capital accounts, until their capital accounts are reduced to zero; and

 

   

the remainder, if any, will be allocated to us.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, in some cases, losses may be disproportionately allocated to partners who have guaranteed debt of the operating partnership. The allocations described above are subject to special allocations relating to depreciation deductions and to compliance with the provisions of Sections 704(b) and 704(c) of the Code and the associated Treasury regulations. In addition, to the extent we issue Series B Junior Participating Preferred Units (the “Series B Preferred Units”), the partnership agreement will be amended to provide for the allocation of income and loss which is preferred with respect to common units and subordinate to Series A Preferred Units, Series E Preferred Units and Series F Preferred Units. See the section entitled “United States Federal Income Tax Considerations—Tax Aspects of the Operating Partnership, the Subsidiary Partnerships and Limited Liability Companies.”

Operations and Management of Kilroy Realty, L.P.

The operating partnership must be operated in a manner that will enable us to maintain our qualification as a REIT and avoid any federal income tax liability. The partnership agreement provides that we will determine from time to time, but not less frequently than quarterly, the net operating cash revenues of the operating partnership, as well as net sales and refinancing proceeds, pro rata in accordance with the partners’ respective percentage interests, subject to the distribution preferences with respect to the Series A Preferred Units, Series B Preferred Units, Series E Preferred Units and Series F Preferred Units. The partnership agreement further provides that the operating partnership will assume and pay when due, or reimburse us for payment of, all expenses that we incur relating to the ownership and operation of, or for the benefit of, the operating partnership and all costs and expenses relating to our operations.

Term of the Partnership Agreement

The operating partnership will continue in full force and effect until December 31, 2095, or until sooner dissolved in accordance with the terms of the partnership agreement.

 

25


Table of Contents

7.45% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units, 7.80% Series E Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units and 7.50% Series F Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units

General. The operating partnership has designated classes of preferred limited partnership units as the 7.45% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units (the “Series A Preferred Units”), the 7.80% Series E Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units (the “Series E Preferred Units”) and the 7.50% Series F Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units (the “Series F Preferred Units”), representing preferred limited partnership interests. As of the date of this prospectus, 1,500,000 Series A Preferred Units, 1,610,000 Series E Preferred Units and 3,450,000 Series F Preferred Units are issued and outstanding.

Distributions. Each Series A Preferred Unit, Series E Preferred Unit and Series F Preferred Unit is entitled to receive cumulative preferential distributions payable on or before the 15th day of February, May, August and November of each year. Series A Preferred Units will be entitled to distributions at a rate of 7.45% per annum, Series E Preferred Units will be entitled to distributions at a rate of 7.80% per annum and Series F Preferred Units will be entitled to distributions at a rate of 7.50% per annum. The cumulative preferential distributions will be paid in preference to any payment made on any other class or series of partnership interest of the operating partnership, other than any other class or series of partnership interest expressly designated as ranking on parity with or senior to the Series A Preferred Units, the Series E Preferred Units and the Series F Preferred Units.

Ranking. The Series A Preferred Units, the Series E Preferred Units and the Series F Preferred Units rank:

 

   

senior to the operating partnership’s common units, the Series B Preferred Units when issued, and to all classes or series of preferred partnership units designated as ranking junior to the Series A Preferred Units, the Series E Preferred Units and the Series F Preferred Units with respect to distributions and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding-up;

 

   

on parity with each other and with all other classes or series of preferred partnership units designated as ranking on a parity with the Series A Preferred Units, the Series E Preferred Units and the Series F Preferred Units with respect to distributions and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding-up; and

 

   

junior to all other classes or series of preferred partnership units designated as ranking senior to the Series A Preferred Units, the Series E Preferred Units and the Series F Preferred Units.

Limited Approval Rights. For as long as any Series A Preferred Units remain outstanding, the operating partnership will not, without the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the units of such class, as applicable:

 

   

authorize, create or increase the authorized or issued amount of any class or series of partnership interests ranking senior to the Series A Preferred Units, or reclassify any partnership interests of the operating partnership into any class or series of partnership interest ranking senior to the Series A Preferred Units, or create, authorize or issue any obligations or security convertible into or evidencing the right to purchase any class or series of partnership interests ranking senior to the Series A Preferred Units;

 

   

authorize or create, or increase the authorized or issued amount of any preferred partnership units on parity with the Series A Preferred Units, or reclassify any partnership interest into any preferred partnership units on parity with the Series A Preferred Units, or create, authorize or issue any obligations or security convertible into or evidencing the right to purchase any preferred partnership units on parity with the Series A Preferred Units, but only to the extent that these preferred partnership units on parity with the Series A Preferred Units are issued to an affiliate of the operating partnership, other than to us to the extent the issuance of these interests was to allow us to issue corresponding preferred stock to persons who are not affiliates of the operating partnership; or

 

   

either consolidate, merge into or with, or convey, transfer or lease its assets substantially as an entirety to, any corporation or other entity or amend, alter or repeal the provisions of the partnership agreement, whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise, in each case in a manner that would materially and adversely affect the powers, special rights, preferences, privileges or voting power of the Series A Preferred Units or the holders of the Series A Preferred Units.

 

26


Table of Contents

Redemption. We may redeem the Series A Preferred Units on or after September 30, 2009, the Series E Preferred Units on or after November 21, 2008 and the Series F Preferred Units on or after December 8, 2009. The Series A Preferred Units will be payable solely out of the sale proceeds from the issuance of our capital stock or out of the sale of limited partner interests in the operating partnership, at a redemption price, payable in cash, equal to the capital account balance of the holder of the Series A Preferred Units; provided, however, that no redemption will be permitted if the redemption price does not equal or exceed the original capital contribution of such holder plus accumulated and unpaid distributions to the date of redemption. If fewer than all of the outstanding Series A Preferred Units are to be redeemed, the Series A Preferred Units to be redeemed shall be selected pro rata (as nearly as practicable without creating fractional units). We may not redeem fewer than all of the outstanding Series A Preferred Units unless all accumulated and unpaid distributions have been paid on all Series A Preferred Units for all quarterly distribution periods terminating on or prior to the date of redemption. The Series E Preferred Units may be redeemed at a redemption price, payable in cash, equal to the sum of $25.00 plus accumulated and unpaid distributions to the date of redemption per Series E Preferred Unit, if any. The Series F Preferred Units may be redeemed at a redemption price, payable in cash, equal to the sum of $25.00 plus accumulated and unpaid distributions to the date of redemption per Series F Preferred Unit, if any.

Exchange. The Series A Preferred Units may be exchanged on and after September 30, 2015, in whole but not in part, into shares of our Series A Preferred Stock, at the option of 51% of the holders of all outstanding Series A Preferred Units. In addition, the Series A Preferred Units may be exchanged, in whole but not in part, into shares of Series A Preferred Stock at any time at the option of 51% of the holders if:

 

   

distributions on the Series A Preferred Units have not been timely made for six prior quarterly distribution periods, whether or not consecutive; or

 

   

the operating partnership or a subsidiary of the operating partnership is or is likely to become a “publicly traded partnership.”

In addition, the Series A Preferred Units may be exchanged prior to September 30, 2015, in whole but not in part, at the option of the holders of 51% of the Series A Preferred Units if the Series A Preferred Units would not be considered “stock and securities” for federal income tax purposes.

The Series A Preferred Units also are exchangeable, in whole but not in part, if the operating partnership believes, or the initial holder believes, based upon the opinion of counsel, that the character of the operating partnership’s assets and income would not allow it to qualify as a REIT. We may, in lieu of exchanging the Series A Preferred Units for shares of Series A Preferred Stock, elect to redeem all or a portion of the Series A Preferred Units for cash in an amount equal to the original capital contribution per Series A Preferred Unit and all accrued and unpaid distributions thereon to the date of redemption. If we elect to redeem fewer than all of the outstanding Series A Preferred Units, the number of Series A Preferred Units held by each holder to be redeemed shall equal such holder’s pro rata share of the aggregate number of Series A Preferred Units being redeemed. The right of the holders of Series A Preferred Units to exchange their units for shares of Series A Preferred Stock will be subject to the ownership limitations in our charter in order for us to maintain our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.

Liquidation Preference. The distribution and income allocation provisions of the partnership agreement have the effect of providing each Series A Preferred Unit, Series E Preferred Unit and Series F Preferred Unit with a liquidation preference to each holder equal to $50.00, $25.00 and $25.00 per share, respectively, plus any accumulated but unpaid distributions, in preference to any other class or series of partnership interest.

Series B Junior Participating Preferred Units

General. Under the terms of the partnership agreement, if we issue any shares of Series B Preferred Stock, we must contribute the proceeds to the operating partnership. In exchange for the contribution of these proceeds,

 

27


Table of Contents

the operating partnership will issue to us Series B Preferred Units equal to the number of shares of Series B Preferred Stock that we issued. As of the date of this prospectus, no Series B Preferred Units have been issued. In the event that shares of Series B Preferred Stock are issued, the general partner will amend the partnership agreement to provide for Series B Preferred Units which will contain the following terms and conditions:

Distributions. Each Series B Preferred Unit, if and when issued, will be entitled to receive preferential cumulative distributions payable on or before the first day of March, June, September and December, of each year at a rate in an amount per unit equal to the greater of:

 

   

$1.00; and

 

   

an aggregate distribution of 100 times the distribution, if any, declared per unit on the common units since the last quarterly distribution payment date.

The preferential distributions will be paid in preference to any payment made on any other class or series of partnership interest of the operating partnership, other than the Series A Preferred Units, the Series E Preferred Units, the Series F Preferred Units and any other class or series of partnership interest expressly designated as ranking on parity with or senior to the Series B Preferred Units.

Ranking. The Series B Preferred Units, if and when issued, will rank:

 

   

senior to the operating partnership’s common units and all classes or series of preferred partnership units designated as ranking junior to the Series B Preferred Units;

 

   

on parity with all classes or series of preferred partnership units designated as ranking on a parity with the Series B Preferred Units with respect to distributions and rights upon liquidation, dissolution, or winding-up; and

 

   

junior to the Series A Preferred Units, the Series E Preferred Units, the Series F Preferred Units and all other classes or series of preferred partnership units designated as ranking senior to the Series B Preferred Units.

Approval Rights. The Series B Preferred Units, if and when issued, will have no approval rights.

Redemption and Exchange. The operating partnership will not be able to redeem the Series B Preferred Units at any time and the Series B Preferred Units will not be exchangeable into any of our securities or any other security of the operating partnership.

Liquidation Preference. The distribution and income allocation provisions of the partnership agreement will have the effect of providing each Series B Preferred Unit with a liquidation preference to us equal to the capital contributions, plus any accumulated but unpaid distributions, in preference to any other class or series of partnership interest ranking junior to the Series B Preferred Units.

Common Limited Partnership Units

General. The partnership agreement provides that, subject to the distribution preferences of the Series A, Series B, Series E and Series F Preferred Units, common units are entitled to receive quarterly distributions of available cash on a pro rata basis in accordance with their respective percentage interests. As of March 31, 2007, 2,247,774 common limited partnership units were issued and outstanding.

Redemption/Exchange Rights. Common limited partners have the right to require the operating partnership to redeem part or all of their common units for cash based upon the fair market value of an equivalent number of shares of common stock at the time of the redemption. Alternatively, we may elect to acquire those units tendered for redemption in exchange for shares of our common stock. Our acquisition will be on a one-for-one

 

28


Table of Contents

basis, subject to adjustment in the event of stock splits, stock dividends, issuance of some rights, some extraordinary distributions and similar events. However, even if we elect not to acquire tendered units in exchange for shares of common stock, holders of common units that are corporations or limited liability companies may require that we issue common stock in exchange for their common units, subject to applicable ownership limits or any other limit as provided in our charter or as otherwise determined by our board of directors, as applicable. We presently anticipate that we will elect to issue shares of common stock in exchange for common units in connection with each redemption request, rather than having the operating partnership redeem the common units for cash. With each redemption or exchange, we increase our percentage ownership interest in the operating partnership. Common limited partners may exercise this redemption right from time to time, in whole or in part, except when, as a consequence of shares of common stock being issued, any person’s actual or constructive stock ownership would exceed the ownership limits, or any other limit as provided in our charter or as otherwise determined by our board of directors.

Common Limited Partner Approval Rights. The partnership agreement provides that if the common limited partners own at least 5% of the outstanding common units, including those common units held by us, we will not, on behalf of the operating partnership and without the prior consent of the holders of more than 50% of the common units representing limited partner interests and excluding common units held by us, dissolve the operating partnership, unless the dissolution or sale is incident to a merger or a sale of substantially all of our assets.

 

29


Table of Contents

CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF MARYLAND LAW AND OF OUR CHARTER AND BYLAWS

The following summary of certain provisions of Maryland law is not complete and is qualified by reference to Maryland law and the Company’s charter and bylaws, which are incorporated by reference to our SEC filings. See “Available Information” in this prospectus.

The Board of Directors

Our charter provides that the number of our directors shall be established by our bylaws, but cannot be less than the minimum number required by the MGCL, which is one. Our bylaws allow our board of directors to fix or change the number to not fewer than three and not more than 13 members. The number of directors is currently fixed at eight. A majority of our remaining board of directors may fill any vacancy, other than a vacancy caused by removal. A majority of our board of directors may fill a vacancy resulting from an increase in the number of directors. The stockholders entitled to vote for the election of directors at an annual or special meeting of our stockholders may fill a vacancy resulting from the removal of a director.

Our charter and bylaws provide that a majority of the board of directors must be “independent directors.” An “independent director” is a director who is not:

 

   

an employee, officer or affiliate of us or one of our subsidiaries or divisions;

 

   

a relative of a principal executive officer; or

 

   

an individual member of an organization acting as advisor, consultant or legal counsel, who receives compensation on a continuing basis from us in addition to director’s fees.

Classified Board of Directors. Our charter divides our board of directors into three classes. Each class of director serves a staggered three-year term. As the term of each class expires, stockholders elect directors in that class for a term of three years and until their successors are duly elected and qualified. The directors in the other two classes continue in office, serving the remaining portion of their respective three-year term. We believe that classification of our board of directors helps to assure the continuity and stability of our business strategies and policies.

The classified board of directors makes removing incumbent directors more time consuming and difficult and may discourage a third party from making a tender offer for our capital stock or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us, even if it might benefit us and our stockholders. The classified board increases the likelihood that incumbent directors will retain their positions by requiring at least two annual meetings of stockholders, rather than one, to elect a new majority of the board of directors. Holders of shares of our common stock have no right to cumulative voting for the election of directors. Consequently, at each annual meeting of our stockholders, the holders of a majority of the shares of our common stock entitled to vote will be able to elect all of the successors of the class of directors whose term expires at that meeting.

Removal of Directors. Our charter provides that our stockholders may remove a director only for “cause” and only by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the shares entitled to vote in the election of directors. The MGCL does not define the term “cause.” As a result, removal for “cause” is subject to Maryland common law and to judicial interpretation and review in the context of the unique facts and circumstances of any particular situation.

We are not Subject to the Maryland Business Combination Act

We have elected not to be subject to the “business combination” provisions of the MGCL (sections 3-601 through 3-604) and we cannot rescind such election and become subject to these business combination provisions without the approval of holders of a majority of our shares entitled to vote.

In the event that we decide to be subject to the business combinations provision, “business combinations” between a Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder or an affiliate of an interested stockholder are

 

30


Table of Contents

generally prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. A business combination includes a merger, consolidation or share exchange. A business combination may also include an asset transfer or issuance or reclassification of equity securities. An interested stockholder is defined in the MGCL as:

 

   

any person who beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, ten percent or more of the voting power of the corporation’s shares; or

 

   

an affiliate of the corporation who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner of ten percent or more of the voting power of the then outstanding voting stock of the corporation.

A person is not an interested stockholder under the business combinations provisions of the MGCL if the board of directors approved in advance the transaction by which such person would otherwise have become an interested stockholder.

At the conclusion of the five-year prohibition, any business combination between the Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder generally must be recommended by the board of directors of the corporation and approved by the affirmative vote of at least:

 

   

80% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding shares of voting stock of the corporation; and

 

   

two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of voting stock of the corporation other than shares held by the interested stockholder with whom or with whose affiliate the business combination is to be effected.

These super-majority vote requirements do not apply if the corporation’s common stockholders receive a minimum price, as defined under Maryland law, for their shares in the form of cash or other consideration in the same form as previously paid by the interested stockholder for its shares. None of these provisions of Maryland law will apply, however, to business combinations that are approved or exempted by the board of directors of the corporation prior to the time that the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder.

As a result of our decision not to be subject to the business combinations statute, an interested stockholder would be able to effect a “business combination” without complying with the requirements discussed above, which may make it easier for stockholders who become interested stockholders to consummate a business combination involving us. However, we cannot assure you that any business combinations will be consummated or, if consummated, will result in a purchase of shares of capital stock from our stockholders at a premium.

We are not Subject to the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act

We have elected in our bylaws not to be subject to the “control share acquisition” provisions of the MGCL (sections 3-701 through 3-710). If we want to be subject to these provisions, our bylaws would need to be amended. Such amendments would require the approval of the holders of a majority of our shares entitled to vote.

Maryland law provides that “control shares” of a company acquired in a “control share acquisition” have no voting rights except to the extent approved by a vote of two-thirds of the votes entitled to vote, excluding shares owned by the acquiror or by officers or directors who are employees of the company. “Control shares” are voting shares of stock which, if aggregated with all other voting shares of stock previously acquired by the acquiror, or over which the acquiror is able to directly or indirectly exercise voting power, except solely by revocable proxy, would entitle the acquiror to exercise voting power in electing directors within one of the following ranges of voting power:

 

   

one-tenth or more but less than one-third;

 

   

one-third or more but less than a majority; or

 

   

a majority or more of all voting power.

 

31


Table of Contents

“Control shares” do not include shares of stock the acquiring person is entitled to vote having obtained prior stockholder approval. Generally, “control share acquisition” means the acquisition of control shares.

A person who has made or proposes to make a control share acquisition may compel the board of directors to call a special meeting of stockholders to consider voting rights for the shares. The meeting must be held within 50 days of demand. If no request for a meeting is made, we may present the question at any stockholders’ meeting.

If voting rights are not approved at the meeting or if the acquiring person does not deliver an acquiring person statement as required by the statute, then, subject to conditions and limitations, the corporation may redeem any or all of the control shares, except those for which voting rights previously have been approved, for fair value. Fair value is determined without regard to the absence of voting rights for control shares, as of the date of the last control share acquisition or of any meeting of stockholders at which the voting rights of control shares are considered and not approved. If voting rights for control shares are approved at a stockholders meeting and the acquiror becomes entitled to vote a majority of the shares entitled to vote, all other stockholders may exercise appraisal rights. The fair value of the shares as determined for purposes of these appraisal rights may not be less than the highest price per share paid in the control share acquisition. Limitations and restrictions otherwise applicable to the exercise of dissenters’ rights do not apply in the context of a control share acquisition.

The control share acquisition statute does not apply to shares acquired in a merger, consolidation or share exchange if the company is a party to the transaction, or to acquisitions approved or exempted by its charter or bylaws. Because we are not subject to these provisions, stockholders who acquire a substantial block of common stock do not need approval of the other stockholders before exercising full voting rights with respect to their shares on all matters. This may make it easier for any of these control share stockholders to effect a business combination with us. However, we cannot assure you that any business combinations will be consummated or, if consummated, will result in a purchase of shares of common stock from any stockholder at a premium.

Unsolicited Takeovers

Under certain provisions of the MGCL relating to unsolicited takeovers, a Maryland corporation with a class of equity securities registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and at least three independent directors may elect to be subject to certain statutory provisions relating to unsolicited takeovers which, among other things, would automatically classify our board of directors into three classes with staggered terms of three years each and vest in our board of directors the exclusive right to determine the number of directors and the exclusive right, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors, to fill vacancies on the board of directors, even if the remaining directors do not constitute a quorum. These statutory provisions also provide that any director elected to fill a vacancy shall hold office for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in which the vacancy occurred, rather than the next annual meeting of directors as would otherwise be the case, and until his successor is elected and qualified.

An election to be subject to any or all of the foregoing statutory provisions may be made in our charter or bylaws, or by resolution of our board of directors. Any such statutory provision to which we elect to be subject will apply even if other provisions of Maryland law or our charter or bylaws provide to the contrary.

Our charter currently classifies the members of our board of directors into three classes with staggered terms of three years each. However, if we made an election to be subject to the statutory provisions described above, our board of directors would have the exclusive right to determine the number of directors and the exclusive right to fill vacancies on the board of directors. Moreover, any director elected to fill a vacancy would hold office for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in which the vacancy occurred.

We have not elected to become subject to the foregoing statutory provisions relating to unsolicited takeovers. However, we could by resolutions adopted by our board of directors and without stockholder approval, elect to become subject to some or all of these statutory provisions.

 

32


Table of Contents

Amendment of Our Charter and Bylaws

Our charter may generally be amended only if the amendment is declared advisable by our board of directors and approved by our stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the shares entitled to vote on the amendment. Our bylaws generally may be amended by the affirmative vote of a majority of the board of directors or of a majority of our shares entitled to vote. However, the following bylaw provisions may be amended only by the approval of a majority of our shares of capital stock entitled to vote:

 

   

provisions opting out of the control share acquisition statute;

 

   

provisions requiring approval by the independent directors for selection of operators of our properties or of transactions involving John B. Kilroy, Sr. and John B. Kilroy, Jr. and their affiliates; and

 

   

provisions governing amendment of our bylaws.

Meetings of Stockholders

Our bylaws provide for annual meetings of our stockholders to elect one class of directors to our board of directors and to transact other business properly brought before the meeting. In addition, a special meeting of stockholders may be called by:

 

   

the president;

 

   

the board of directors;

 

   

the chairman of the board;

 

   

holders of 50% or more of our outstanding common stock entitled to vote by making a written request;

 

   

holders of 10% of our Series A Preferred Stock for the stockholders of Series A Preferred Stock and all other classes or series of preferred stock ranking on parity with the Series A Preferred Stock to elect two additional directors to our board of directors if dividends on any shares of Series A Preferred Stock remain unpaid for six or more quarterly periods, whether or not consecutive;

 

   

holders of 10% of our Series D Preferred Stock for the stockholders of Series D Preferred Stock and all other classes or series of preferred stock ranking on parity with the Series D Preferred Stock to elect two additional directors to our board of directors if dividends on any shares of Series D Preferred Stock remain unpaid for six or more quarterly periods, whether or not consecutive;

 

   

holders of 10% of our Series E Preferred Stock for the stockholders of Series E Preferred Stock and all other classes or series of preferred stock ranking on parity with the Series E Preferred Stock to elect two additional directors to our board of directors if dividends on any shares of Series E Preferred Stock remain unpaid for six or more quarterly periods, whether or not consecutive; and

 

   

holders of 10% of our Series F Preferred Stock for the stockholders of Series F Preferred Stock and all other classes or series of preferred stock ranking on parity with the Series F Preferred Stock to elect two additional directors to our board of directors if dividends on any shares of Series F Preferred Stock remain unpaid for six or more quarterly periods, whether or not consecutive.

The MGCL provides that our stockholders also may act by unanimous written consent without a meeting with respect to any action that they are required or permitted to take at a meeting. To do so, each stockholder entitled to vote on the matter must sign the consent setting forth the action.

Advance Notice of Director Nominations and New Business

Our bylaws provide that with respect to an annual meeting of stockholders, nominations of persons for election to our board of directors and the proposal of other business to be considered by stockholders at the meeting may be made only:

 

   

pursuant to our notice of the meeting;

 

33


Table of Contents
   

by or at the direction of our board of directors; or

 

   

by a stockholder who is entitled to vote at the meeting and has complied with the advance notice procedures of our bylaws.

Our bylaws also provide that with respect to special meetings of stockholders, only the business specified in the notice of meeting may be brought before the meeting.

The advance notice provisions of our bylaws could have the effect of discouraging a takeover or other transaction in which holders of some, or a majority, of the shares of common stock might receive a premium for their shares over the then prevailing market price or which holders of our common stock believe is in their best interests.

Dissolution of our Company

Under the MGCL, we may be dissolved if a majority of our entire board of directors determines by resolution that dissolution is advisable and submits a proposal for dissolution for consideration at any annual or special meeting of stockholders, and this proposal is approved, by the vote of the holders of two-thirds of the shares of our capital stock entitled to vote on the dissolution.

Indemnification and Limitation of Liability of Directors and Officers

Our charter and bylaws, and the partnership agreement, provide for indemnification of our officers and directors against liabilities to the fullest extent permitted by the MGCL, as amended from time to time.

The MGCL permits us to indemnify our directors and officers and other parties against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements, and reasonable expenses actually incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they may be made a party by reason of their service in those or other capacities unless it is established that:

 

   

the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty;

 

   

the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or

 

   

in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was unlawful.

Under the MGCL, we may indemnify our directors or officers against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses that they actually incur in connection with the proceeding unless the proceeding is one by us or in our right and the director or officer has been found to be liable to us. In addition, we may not indemnify a director or officer in any proceeding charging improper personal benefit to them if they were found to be liable on the basis that personal benefit was received. The termination of any proceeding by judgment, order, or settlement does not create a presumption that the director or officer did not meet the requisite standard of conduct required for indemnification to be permitted. The termination of any proceeding by conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, or an entry of any order of probation prior to judgment, creates a rebuttable presumption that the director or officer did not meet the requisite standard of conduct required for indemnification to be permitted.

In addition, the MGCL provides that, unless limited by its charter, a corporation shall indemnify any director or officer who is made a party to any proceeding by reason of service in that capacity against reasonable expenses incurred by the director or officer in connection with the proceeding, in the event that the director or officer is successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of the proceeding. Our charter contains no such limitation.

 

34


Table of Contents

As permitted by the MGCL, our charter limits the liability of our directors and officers to us and our stockholders for money damages, subject to specified restrictions. However, the liability of our directors and officers to us and our stockholders for money damages is not limited if:

 

   

it is proved that the director or officer actually received an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services; or

 

   

a judgment or other final adjudication adverse to the director or officer is entered in a proceeding based on a finding that the director’s or officer’s action, or failure to act, was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and was material to the cause of action adjudicated in the proceeding.

This provision does not limit our ability or our stockholders’ ability to obtain other relief, such as an injunction or rescission.

The partnership agreement provides that we, as general partner, and our officers and directors are indemnified to the same extent our officers and directors are indemnified in our charter. The partnership agreement limits our liability and the liability of our officers and directors to the operating partnership and its partners to the same extent that our charter limits the liability of our officers and directors to us and our stockholders. See the discussion in this prospectus under the section entitled “Description of Material Provisions of the Partnership Agreement of Kilroy Realty, L.P.—Indemnification of our Officers and Directors.”

Insofar as the foregoing provisions permit indemnification of directors, officers or persons controlling us for liability arising under the Securities Act, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC, this indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

Indemnification Agreements

We have entered into indemnification arrangements with certain of our executive officers and pursuant to indemnification agreements with our directors. The indemnification agreements provide that:

 

   

we must indemnify our executive officers and directors to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law and advance to our executive officers and directors all expenses related to the defense of indemnifiable claims against them, subject to reimbursement if it is subsequently determined that indemnification is not permitted;

 

   

we must indemnify and advance all expenses incurred by executive officers and directors seeking to enforce their rights under the indemnification agreements; and

 

   

we may cover executive officers and directors under our directors’ and officers’ liability insurance.

Our indemnification agreements with our officers and directors offer substantially the same scope of coverage afforded by applicable law. In addition, as contracts, these indemnification agreements provide greater assurance to our directors and executive officers that indemnification will be available because they cannot be modified unilaterally in the future by the board of directors or the stockholders to eliminate the rights that they provide.

Anti-takeover Effect of Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of our Charter and Bylaws

If the resolution of our board of directors exempting us from the business combination provisions of the MGCL and the applicable provision in our bylaws exempting us from the control share acquisition provisions of the MGCL are rescinded or revoked (which in each case would require stockholder approval) or we elect to be subject to the unsolicited takeover provisions of the MGCL, the business combination, control share acquisition and unsolicited takeover provisions of the MGCL, our classified board of directors, the provisions of our charter on removal of directors, the advance notice provisions of our bylaws and certain other provisions of our charter and bylaws and Maryland law could delay, defer or prevent a change in control of us or other transactions that might involve a premium price for holders of our capital stock or otherwise be in their best interest.

 

35


Table of Contents

UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

The following is a general summary of the material United States federal income tax considerations related to our election to be taxed as a REIT and the material United States federal income tax considerations anticipated to be material to holders of our common stock. This summary is for general information only and is not tax advice.

The information in this summary is based on current law, including:

 

   

the Code;

 

   

current, temporary and proposed Treasury regulations promulgated under the Code;

 

   

the legislative history of the Code;

 

   

current administrative interpretations and practices of the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS; and

 

   

court decisions;

in each case, as of the date of this prospectus. In addition, the administrative interpretations and practices of the IRS include its practices and policies as expressed in private letter rulings that are not binding on the IRS except with respect to the particular taxpayers who requested and received those rulings. Future legislation, Treasury regulations, administrative interpretations and practices and/or court decisions may adversely affect the tax considerations contained in this discussion. Any such change could apply retroactively to transactions preceding the date of the change.

We have not requested, and do not plan to request, any rulings from the IRS concerning our tax status as a REIT, and the statements in this prospectus are not binding on the IRS or any court. Thus, we can provide no assurance that the tax considerations contained in this summary will not be challenged by the IRS or will be sustained by a court if so challenged. This summary does not discuss any state, local or foreign tax considerations.

You are urged to consult your tax advisors regarding the tax consequences to you of:

 

   

the acquisition, ownership and sale or other disposition of our common stock, including the federal, state, local, foreign and other tax consequences;

 

   

our election to be taxed as a REIT for federal income tax purposes; and

 

   

potential changes in the applicable tax laws.

Taxation of the Company

General. We elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code, commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 1997. We believe that we have been organized and have operated in a manner which will allow us to qualify for taxation as a REIT under the Code commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 1997, and we intend to continue to be organized and operate in this manner. However, qualification and taxation as a REIT depend upon our ability to meet the various qualification tests imposed under the Code, including through actual annual operating results, asset composition, distribution levels and diversity of stock ownership. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that we have been organized and have operated, or will continue to be organized and operate, in a manner so as to qualify or remain qualified as a REIT. See “—Failure to Qualify.”

The sections of the Code and the corresponding Treasury regulations that relate to qualification and operation as a REIT are highly technical and complex. The following sets forth the material aspects of the sections of the Code that govern the federal income tax treatment of a REIT and its stockholders. This summary is qualified in its entirety by the applicable Code provisions, relevant rules and regulations promulgated under the Code, and administrative and judicial interpretations of the Code and these rules and regulations.

 

36


Table of Contents

Latham & Watkins LLP has acted as our tax counsel in connection with this registration of our common stock and our election to be taxed as a REIT. Latham & Watkins LLP has rendered an opinion to us to the effect that, commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 1997, we have been organized and have operated in conformity with the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT, and that our proposed method of operation will enable us to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Code. It must be emphasized that this opinion is based on various assumptions and representations as to factual matters, including representations made by us in a factual certificate provided by one of our officers. In addition, this opinion is based upon our factual representations set forth in this prospectus. Moreover, our qualification and taxation as a REIT depend upon our ability to meet the various qualification tests imposed under the Code which are discussed below, including through actual annual operating results, asset composition, distribution levels and diversity of stock ownership, the results of which have not been and will not be reviewed by Latham & Watkins LLP. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that our actual results of operation for any particular taxable year will satisfy those requirements. See “—Failure to Qualify.” Further, the anticipated income tax treatment described in this prospectus may be changed, perhaps retroactively, by legislative, administrative or judicial action at any time. Latham & Watkins LLP has no obligation to update its opinion subsequent to its date.

Provided we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we generally will not be required to pay federal corporate income taxes on our net income that is currently distributed to our stockholders. This treatment substantially eliminates the “double taxation” that ordinarily results from investment in a C corporation. A C corporation is a corporation that is generally required to pay tax at the corporate-level. Double taxation generally means taxation that occurs once at the corporate level when income is earned and once again at the stockholder level when the income is distributed. We will be required to pay federal income tax, however, as follows:

 

   

We will be required to pay tax at regular corporate tax rates on any undistributed REIT taxable income, including undistributed net capital gains.

 

   

We may be required to pay the “alternative minimum tax” on our items of tax preference under some circumstances.

 

   

If we have (1) net income from the sale or other disposition of “foreclosure property” which is held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business or (2) other nonqualifying income from foreclosure property, we will be required to pay tax at the highest corporate rate on this income. Foreclosure property is generally defined as property we acquired through foreclosure or after a default on a loan secured by the property or a lease of the property.

 

   

We will be required to pay a 100% tax on any net income from prohibited transactions. Prohibited transactions are, in general, sales or other taxable dispositions of property, other than foreclosure property, held as inventory or primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business.

 

   

If we fail to satisfy the 75% gross income test or the 95% gross income test, as described below, but have otherwise maintained our qualification as a REIT because certain other requirements are met, we will be required to pay a tax equal to (1) the greater of (A) the amount by which 75% of our gross income exceeds the amount qualifying under the 75% gross income test, and (B) the amount by which 95% of our gross income exceeds the amount qualifying under the 95% gross income test, multiplied by (2) a fraction intended to reflect our profitability.

 

   

If we fail to satisfy any of the REIT asset tests (other than a de minimis failure of the 5% and 10% asset tests), as described below, due to reasonable cause and we nonetheless maintain our REIT qualification because of specified cure provisions, we will be required to pay a tax equal to the greater of $50,000 or the highest corporate tax rate multiplied by the net income generated by the nonqualifying assets that caused us to fail such test.

 

   

If we fail to satisfy any provision of the Code that would result in our failure to qualify as a REIT (other than a violation of the REIT gross income tests or certain violations of the asset tests described below) and the violation is due to reasonable cause, we may retain our REIT qualification but will be required to pay a penalty of $50,000 for each such failure.

 

37


Table of Contents
   

We will be required to pay a 4% excise tax to the extent we fail to distribute during each calendar year at least the sum of (1) 85% of our REIT ordinary income for the year, (2) 95% of our REIT capital gain net income for the year, and (3) any undistributed taxable income from prior periods.

 

   

If we acquire any asset from a corporation which is or has been a C corporation in a transaction in which the basis of the asset in our hands is determined by reference to the basis of the asset in the hands of the C corporation, and we subsequently recognize gain on the disposition of the asset during the ten-year period beginning on the date on which we acquired the asset, then we will be required to pay tax at the highest regular corporate tax rate on this gain to the extent of the excess of (1) the fair market value of the asset over (2) our adjusted basis in the asset, in each case determined as of the date on which we acquired the asset. The results described in this paragraph with respect to the recognition of gain assume that the necessary parties make or refrain from making the appropriate elections under the applicable Treasury regulations then in effect.

 

   

We will be required to pay a 100% tax on any “redetermined rents,” “redetermined deductions” or “excess interest.” In general, redetermined rents are rents from real property that are overstated as a result of services furnished by a “taxable REIT subsidiary” of ours to any of our tenants. See “—Penalty Tax.” Redetermined deductions and excess interest generally represent amounts that are deducted by a taxable REIT subsidiary of ours for amounts paid to us that are in excess of the amounts that would have been deducted based on arm’s length negotiations.

We may be subject to a variety of taxes other than United States federal income tax, including payroll taxes and state, local and foreign income, property and other taxes on our assets and operations.

Requirements for Qualification as a Real Estate Investment Trust. The Code defines a REIT as a corporation, trust or association:

(1) that is managed by one or more trustees or directors;

(2) that issues transferable shares or transferable certificates to evidence its beneficial ownership;

(3) that would be taxable as a domestic corporation but for Sections 856 through 860 of the Code;

(4) that is not a financial institution or an insurance company within the meaning of certain provisions the Code;

(5) that is beneficially owned by 100 or more persons;

(6) not more than 50% in value of the outstanding stock of which is owned, actually or constructively, by five or fewer individuals, including specified entities, during the last half of each taxable year; and

(7) that meets other tests, described below, regarding the nature of its income and assets and the amount of its distributions.

The Code provides that conditions (1) to (4), inclusive, must be met during the entire taxable year and that condition (5) must be met during at least 335 days of a taxable year of twelve months, or during a proportionate part of a taxable year of less than twelve months. Conditions (5) and (6) do not apply until after the first taxable year for which an election is made to be taxed as a REIT. For purposes of condition (6), the term “individual” generally includes a supplemental unemployment compensation benefit plan, a private foundation or a portion of a trust permanently set aside or used exclusively for charitable purposes, but does not include a qualified pension plan or profit sharing trust.

We believe that we have been organized, have operated and have issued sufficient shares of capital stock with sufficient diversity of ownership to allow us to satisfy conditions (1) through (7) inclusive, during the relevant time periods. In addition, our charter provides for restrictions regarding the ownership and transfer of our shares which are intended to assist us in continuing to satisfy the share ownership requirements described in conditions (5) and (6) above. These stock ownership and transfer restrictions are described in “Description of

 

38


Table of Contents

Capital Stock—Restrictions on ownership and transfer of our capital stock.” These restrictions, however, may not ensure that we will, in all cases, be able to satisfy the share ownership requirements described in conditions (5) and (6) above. If we fail to satisfy these share ownership requirements, except as provided in the next sentence, our status as a REIT will terminate. If, however, we comply with the rules contained in applicable Treasury regulations that require us to ascertain the actual ownership of our shares and we do not know, or would not have known through the exercise of reasonable diligence, that we failed to meet the requirement described in condition (6) above, we will be treated as having met this requirement. See “—Failure to Qualify.”

In addition, we may not maintain our status as a REIT unless our taxable year is the calendar year. We have and will continue to have a calendar taxable year.

Ownership of Interests in Partnerships, Limited Liability Companies and Qualified REIT Subsidiaries. We own and operate one or more properties through partnerships and limited liability companies. Treasury regulations generally provide that, in the case of a REIT which is a partner in a partnership or a member in a limited liability company that is treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, the REIT will be deemed to own its proportionate share of the assets of the partnership or limited liability company, as the case may be, based on its interest in partnership capital, subject to special rules relating to the 10% REIT asset test described below. Also, pursuant to Treasury regulations, the REIT will be deemed to be entitled to its proportionate share of the income of that entity. The assets and gross income of the partnership or limited liability company retain the same character in the hands of the REIT for purposes of Section 856 of the Code, including satisfying the gross income tests and the asset tests. In addition, for these purposes, the assets and items of income of any partnership or limited liability company in which we directly or indirectly own an interest include such entity’s share of assets and items of income of any partnership or limited liability company in which it owns an interest. We have included a brief summary of the rules governing the federal income taxation of partnerships and limited liability companies below in “—Tax Aspects of the Operating Partnership, the Subsidiary Partnerships and Limited Liability Companies.”

We have direct control of the operating partnership and certain subsidiary partnerships and limited liability companies and we intend to continue to operate them in a manner consistent with the requirements for our qualification as a REIT. From time to time, we may be a limited partner or non-managing member in certain partnerships and limited liability companies. If such partnership or limited liability company were to take actions that could jeopardize our status as a REIT or require us to pay tax, we could be forced to dispose of our interest in such entity. In addition, it is possible that a partnership or limited liability company could take an action which could cause us to fail a REIT income or asset test, and that we would not become aware of such action in time to dispose of our interest in the partnership or limited liability company or take other corrective action on a timely basis. In that case, we could fail to qualify as a REIT unless we were entitled to relief, as described below. See “—Failure to Qualify” below.

We may from time to time own and operate certain properties through wholly owned subsidiaries that we intend to be treated as “qualified REIT subsidiaries” under the Code. A corporation will qualify as our qualified REIT subsidiary if we own 100% of the corporation’s outstanding stock and we do not elect with the corporation to treat it as a “taxable REIT subsidiary,” as described below. A qualified REIT subsidiary is not treated as a separate corporation, and all assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit of our qualified REIT subsidiaries will be treated as our assets, liabilities and such items, for all purposes of the Code, including the REIT qualification tests. Thus, in applying the federal tax requirements described in this prospectus, any corporations in which we own a 100% interest (other than any taxable REIT subsidiaries) are ignored, and all assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit of such corporations are treated as our assets, liabilities, and items of income, deduction and credit. A qualified REIT subsidiary is not required to pay federal income tax, and our ownership of the stock of a qualified REIT subsidiary does not violate the restrictions on ownership of securities, as described below under “—Asset Tests.”

Ownership of Interests in Taxable REIT Subsidiaries. A taxable REIT subsidiary of ours is a corporation other than a REIT in which we directly or indirectly hold stock and that has made a joint election with us to be

 

39


Table of Contents

treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary. A taxable REIT subsidiary also includes any corporation other than a REIT with respect to which a taxable REIT subsidiary owns securities possessing more than 35% of the total voting power or value of the outstanding securities of such corporation. Other than some activities relating to lodging and health care facilities, a taxable REIT subsidiary may generally engage in any business, including the provision of customary or non-customary services to tenants of its parent REIT. A taxable REIT subsidiary is subject to income tax as a regular C corporation. In addition, a taxable REIT subsidiary of ours may be prevented from deducting interest on debt that we directly or indirectly fund if certain tests regarding the taxable REIT subsidiary’s debt-to-equity ratio and interest expense are satisfied. Our ownership of securities of our taxable REIT subsidiaries will not be subject to the 10% or 5% asset tests described below. See “—Asset Tests.” We currently own interests in Kilroy Realty TRS, Inc., and we have jointly elected with Kilroy Realty TRS, Inc. to have it be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary. We may acquire interests in additional taxable REIT subsidiaries in the future.

Income Tests. We must satisfy two gross income requirements annually to maintain our qualification as a REIT. First, in each taxable year we must derive directly or indirectly at least 75% of our gross income, excluding gross income from prohibited transactions, from (a) investments relating to real property or mortgages on real property, including “rents from real property” and, in certain circumstances, interest, or (b) certain types of temporary investments. Second, in each taxable year we must derive at least 95% of our gross income, excluding gross income from prohibited transactions and from certain hedges of indebtedness, from the real property investments described above or dividends, interest and gain from the sale or disposition of stock or securities, or from any combination of the foregoing.

For these purposes, the term “interest” generally does not include any amount received or accrued, directly or indirectly, if the determination of all or some of the amount depends in any way on the income or profits of any person. However, an amount received or accrued generally will not be excluded from the term “interest” solely by reason of being based on a fixed percentage or percentages of receipts or sales.

Rents we receive from a tenant will qualify as “rents from real property” for the purpose of satisfying the gross income requirements for a REIT described above only if all of the following conditions are met:

 

   

The amount of rent must not be based in any way on the income or profits of any person. However, an amount we receive or accrue generally will not be excluded from the term “rents from real property” solely because it is based on a fixed percentage or percentages of receipts or sales;

 

   

We, or an actual or constructive owner of 10% or more of our stock, must not actually or constructively own 10% or more of the interests in the tenant, or, if the tenant is a corporation, 10% or more of the voting power or value of all classes of stock of the tenant. Rents we receive from such a tenant that is a taxable REIT subsidiary of ours, however, will not be excluded from the definition of “rents from real property” as a result of this condition if at least 90% of the space at the property to which the rents relate is leased to third parties, and the rents paid by the taxable REIT subsidiary are substantially comparable to rents paid by our other tenants for substantially comparable space. Whether rents paid by our taxable REIT subsidiary are substantially comparable to rents paid by our other tenants is determined at the time the lease with the taxable REIT subsidiary is entered into, extended, and modified, if such modification increases the rents due under such lease. Notwithstanding the foregoing, however, if a lease with a “controlled taxable REIT subsidiary” is modified and such modification results in an increase in the rents payable by such taxable REIT subsidiary, any such increase will not qualify as “rents from real property.” For purposes of this rule, a “controlled taxable REIT subsidiary” is a taxable REIT subsidiary in which we own stock possessing more than 50% of the voting power or more than 50% of the total value of the outstanding stock of such taxable REIT subsidiary;

 

   

Rent attributable to personal property, leased in connection with a lease of real property, is not greater than 15% of the total rent received under the lease. If this condition is not met, then the portion of the rent attributable to personal property will not qualify as “rents from real property”; and

 

40


Table of Contents
   

We generally must not operate or manage the property or furnish or render services to our tenants, subject to a 1% de minimis exception and except as provided below. We may, however, perform services that are “usually or customarily rendered” in connection with the rental of space for occupancy only and are not otherwise considered “rendered to the occupant” of the property. Examples of these services include the provision of light, heat, or other utilities, trash removal and general maintenance of common areas. In addition, we may employ an independent contractor from whom we derive no revenue to provide customary services, or a taxable REIT subsidiary, which may be wholly or partially owned by us, to provide both customary and non-customary services to our tenants without causing the rent we receive from those tenants to fail to qualify as “rents from real property.” Any amounts we receive from a taxable REIT subsidiary with respect to the taxable REIT subsidiary’s provision of non-customary services will, however, be nonqualifying income under the 75% gross income test and, except to the extent received through the payment of dividends, the 95% REIT gross income test.

We generally do not intend, and as a general partner of the operating partnership do not intend to permit the operating partnership, to take actions we believe will cause us to fail to satisfy the rental conditions described above. However, we may intentionally fail to satisfy some of these conditions to the extent such failure will not, based on the advice of our tax counsel, jeopardize our tax status as a REIT. In addition, with respect to the limitation on the rental of personal property, we have not obtained appraisals of the real property and personal property leased to tenants. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the IRS will agree with our determinations of value.

Income we receive that is attributable to the rental of parking spaces at the properties will constitute rents from real property for purposes of the REIT gross income tests if certain services provided with respect to the parking facilities are performed by independent contractors from whom we derive no income, either directly or indirectly, or by a taxable REIT subsidiary, and certain other conditions are met. We believe that the income we receive that is attributable to parking facilities meets these tests and, accordingly, will constitute rents from real property for purposes of the REIT gross income tests.

From time to time, we may enter into hedging transactions with respect to one or more of our liabilities. The term “hedging transaction” generally means any transaction we enter into in the normal course of our business primarily to manage risk of interest rate changes or fluctuations with respect to borrowings made or to be made. The hedging activities may include entering into interest rate swaps, caps, and floors, options to purchase these items, and futures and forward contracts. Any income we derive from a hedging transaction will be nonqualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test. Except to the extent provided by Treasury regulations, however, income from a hedging transaction, including gain from the sale or disposition of such a transaction, entered into prior to January 1, 2005, will be qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test, but only to the extent that the transaction hedges interest rate risk on indebtedness incurred or to be incurred by us to acquire or carry real estate. Income from such a hedging transaction entered into on or after January 1, 2005 that is clearly identified as such as specified in the Code will not constitute gross income for purposes of the 95% gross income test, and therefore will be exempt from this test. To the extent that we do not properly identify such transactions as hedges or we hedge with other types of financial instruments, the income from those transactions is not likely to be treated as qualifying income for purposes of the gross income tests. We intend to structure any hedging transactions in a manner that does not jeopardize our status as a REIT.

To the extent our taxable REIT subsidiary, Kilroy Realty TRS, Inc., pays dividends, we generally will derive our allocable share of such dividend income through our interest in the operating partnership. Such dividend income will qualify under the 95%, but not the 75%, REIT gross income test. We will monitor the amount of the dividend and other income from our taxable REIT subsidiaries and will take actions intended to keep this income, and any other nonqualifying income, within the limitations of the REIT income tests. While we expect these actions will prevent a violation of the REIT income tests, we cannot guarantee that such actions will in all cases prevent such a violation.

 

41


Table of Contents

If we fail to satisfy one or both of the 75% or 95% gross income tests for any taxable year, we may nevertheless qualify as a REIT for the year if we are entitled to relief under certain provisions of the Code. Commencing with our taxable year beginning January 1, 2005, we generally may avail ourselves of the relief provisions if:

 

   

following our identification of the failure to meet the 75% or 95% gross income tests for any taxable year, we file a schedule with the IRS setting forth each item of our gross income for purposes of the 75% or 95% gross income tests for such taxable year in accordance with Treasury regulations to be issued; and

 

   

our failure to meet these tests was due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect.

It is not possible, however, to state whether in all circumstances we would be entitled to the benefit of these relief provisions. For example, if we fail to satisfy the gross income tests because nonqualifying income that we intentionally accrue or receive exceeds the limits on nonqualifying income, the IRS could conclude that our failure to satisfy the tests was not due to reasonable cause. If these relief provisions do not apply to a particular set of circumstances, we will not qualify as a REIT. As discussed above in “—Taxation of the Company—General,” even if these relief provisions apply, and we retain our status as a REIT, a tax would be imposed with respect to our nonqualifying income. We may not always be able to comply with the gross income tests for REIT qualification despite periodic monitoring of our income.

Prohibited Transaction Income. Any gain that we realize on the sale of property held as inventory or otherwise held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business, including our share of any such gain realized by the operating partnership, either directly or through its subsidiary partnerships and limited liability companies, will be treated as income from a prohibited transaction that is subject to a 100% penalty tax. This prohibited transaction income may also adversely affect our ability to satisfy the income tests for qualification as a REIT. Under existing law, whether property is held as inventory or primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business is a question of fact that depends on all the facts and circumstances surrounding the particular transaction. We intend to hold our properties for investment with a view to long-term appreciation, to engage in the business of acquiring, developing and owning properties and to make occasional sales of the properties consistent with our investment objectives. We do not intend to enter into any sales that are prohibited transactions. However, the IRS may successfully contend that some or all of the sales made by us or by our subsidiary partnerships or limited liability companies are prohibited transactions. We would be required to pay the 100% penalty tax on our allocable share of the gains from any such sales.

Penalty Tax. Any redetermined rents, redetermined deductions or excess interest we generate will be subject to a 100% penalty tax. In general, redetermined rents are rents from real property that are overstated as a result of any services furnished to any of our tenants by one of our taxable REIT subsidiaries, and redetermined deductions and excess interest represent any amounts that are deducted by a taxable REIT subsidiary for amounts paid to us that are in excess of the amounts that would have been deducted based on arm’s length negotiations. Rents we receive will not constitute redetermined rents if they qualify for certain safe harbor provisions contained in the Code.

We believe that, in all instances in which Kilroy Realty TRS, Inc. provides services to our tenants, the fees paid to Kilroy Realty TRS, Inc. for such services are at arm’s-length rates, although the fees paid may not satisfy the safe-harbor provisions contained in the Code. These determinations are inherently factual, and the IRS has broad discretion to assert that amounts paid between related parties should be reallocated to clearly reflect their respective incomes. If the IRS successfully made such an assertion, we would be required to pay a 100% penalty tax on the excess of an arm’s-length fee for tenant services over the amount actually paid.

Asset Tests. At the close of each quarter of our taxable year, we must also satisfy four tests relating to the nature and diversification of our assets.

First, at least 75% of the value of our total assets, including assets held by our qualified REIT subsidiaries and our allocable share of the assets held by the operating partnership and its subsidiary partnerships and limited

 

42


Table of Contents

liability companies, must be represented by real estate assets, cash, cash items and government securities. For purposes of this test, the term “real estate assets” generally mean real property (including interests in real property and interests in mortgages on real property) and shares (or transferable certificates of beneficial interest) in other REITs, as well as any stock or debt instrument attributable to investment of the proceeds of a stock offering or a public offering of debt with a term of at least five years, but only for the one-year period beginning on the date we receive such proceeds.

Second, not more than 25% of the value of our total assets may be represented by securities, other than those securities includable in the 75% asset test.

Third, of the investments included in the 25% asset class, and except for investments in other REITs, our qualified REIT subsidiaries and our taxable REIT subsidiaries, the value of any one issuer’s securities may not exceed 5% of the value of our total assets and we may not own more than 10% of the total vote or value of the outstanding securities of any one issuer, except, in the case of the 10% value test, securities satisfying the “straight debt” safe-harbor. Certain types of securities we may own are disregarded as securities solely for purposes of the 10% value test, including but not limited to, any loan to an individual or an estate, any obligation to pay rents from real property and any security issued by a REIT. In addition, commencing with our taxable year beginning January 1, 2005, solely for purposes of the 10% value test, the determination of our interest in the assets of a partnership or limited liability company in which we own an interest will be based on our proportionate interest in any securities issued by the partnership or limited liability company, excluding for this purpose, certain securities described in the Code. For years prior to 2001, the 10% limit applies only with respect to voting securities of any issuer and not to the value of the securities of any issuer.

Fourth, not more than 20% of the value of our total assets may be represented by the securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries. The operating partnership owns 100% of the outstanding stock of Kilroy Realty TRS, Inc. Kilroy Realty TRS, Inc. elected, together with us, to be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary. So long as Kilroy Realty TRS, Inc. qualifies as our taxable REIT subsidiary, we will not be subject to the 5% asset test, the 10% voting securities limitation or the 10% value limitation with respect to our ownership of securities in Kilroy Realty TRS, Inc. We or Kilroy Realty TRS, Inc. may acquire securities in other taxable REIT subsidiaries in the future. We believe that the aggregate value of our taxable REIT subsidiaries will not exceed 20% of the aggregate value of our gross assets. With respect to each issuer in which we currently own an interest that does not qualify as a REIT, a qualified REIT subsidiary or a taxable REIT subsidiary, we believe that our ownership of the securities of any such issuer has complied with the 5% asset test, the 10% voting securities limitation, 10% value limitation, and the 75% asset test. No independent appraisals have been obtained to support these conclusions. In addition, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not disagree with our determinations of value.

The asset tests described above must be satisfied at the close of each calendar quarter of our taxable year in which we (directly or through the operating partnership or our subsidiary partnerships and limited liability companies) acquire securities in the applicable issuer, and also at the close of each calendar quarter in which we increase our ownership of securities of such issuer (including as a result of increasing our interest in the operating partnership or in our subsidiary partnerships and limited liability companies). For example, our indirect ownership of securities of each issuer will increase as a result of our capital contributions to the operating partnership and as limited partners exercise their redemption/exchange rights. After initially meeting the asset tests at the close of any quarter, we will not lose our status as a REIT for failure to satisfy the asset tests at the end of a later quarter solely by reason of changes in asset values. If we fail to satisfy an asset test because we acquire securities or other property during a quarter (including as a result of an increase in our interests in the operating partnership or in our subsidiary partnerships and limited liability companies), we may cure this failure by disposing of sufficient nonqualifying assets within 30 days after the close of that quarter. We believe that we have maintained and intend to maintain adequate records of the value of our assets to ensure compliance with the asset tests. In addition, we intend to take such actions within 30 days after the close of any quarter as may be required to cure any noncompliance.

 

43


Table of Contents

Commencing with our taxable year beginning January 1, 2005, certain relief provisions may be available to us if we fail to satisfy the asset tests described above after the 30 day cure period. Under these provisions, we will be deemed to have met the 5% and 10% REIT asset tests if the value of our nonqualifying assets (i) does not exceed the lesser of (a) 1% of the total value of our assets at the end of the applicable quarter or (b) $10,000,000, and (ii) we dispose of the nonqualifying assets or otherwise satisfy such asset tests within (a) six months after the last day of the quarter in which the failure to satisfy the asset tests is discovered or (b) the period of time prescribed by Treasury regulations to be issued. For violations of any of the asset tests due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect and that are, in the case of the 5% and 10% asset test, in excess of the de minimis exception described above, we may avoid disqualification as a REIT, after the 30 day cure period, by taking steps including (i) the disposition of sufficient nonqualifying assets, or the taking of other actions, which allow us to meet the asset tests within (a) six months after the last day of the quarter in which the failure to satisfy the asset tests is discovered or (b) the period of time prescribed by Treasury regulations to be issued, and (ii) disclosing certain information to the IRS. In such case, we will be required to pay a tax equal to the greater of (a) $50,000 or (b) the highest corporate tax rate multiplied by the net income generated by the nonqualifying assets.

Although we believe that we have satisfied the asset tests described above and plan to take steps to ensure that we satisfy such tests for any quarter with respect to which retesting is to occur, there can be no assurance that we will always be successful, or will not require a reduction in the operating partnership’s overall interest in an issuer (including in a taxable REIT subsidiary). If we fail to cure any noncompliance with the asset tests in a timely manner, and the relief provisions described above are not available, we would cease to qualify as a REIT. See “—Failure to Qualify” below.

Annual Distribution Requirements. To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we are required to distribute dividends, other than capital gain dividends, to our stockholders in an amount at least equal to the sum of:

 

   

90% of our “real estate investment trust taxable income”; and

 

   

90% of our after tax net income, if any, from foreclosure property; minus

 

   

the excess of the sum of certain items of non-cash income over 5% of the “real estate investment trust taxable income.”

For these purposes, our “real estate investment trust taxable income” is computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction and our net capital gain. In addition, for purposes of this test, non-cash income means income attributable to leveled stepped rents, original issue discount on purchase money debt, cancellation of indebtedness or a like-kind exchange that is later determined to be taxable.

In addition, if we dispose of any asset we acquired from a corporation which is or has been a C corporation in a transaction in which our basis in the asset is determined by reference to the basis of the asset in the hands of that C corporation, within the ten-year period following our acquisition of such asset, we would be required to distribute at least 90% of the after-tax gain, if any, we recognized on the disposition of the asset, to the extent that gain does not exceed the excess of (a) the fair market value of the asset, over (b) our adjusted basis in the asset, in each case, on the date we acquired the asset.

We generally must pay, or be treated as paying, the distributions described above in the taxable year to which they relate. At our election, a distribution for a taxable year may be declared before we timely file our tax return for such year and paid on or before the first regular dividend payment after such declaration, provided such payment is made during the twelve-month period following the close of such year. These distributions generally are taxable to our stockholders, other than tax-exempt entities, in the year in which paid. This is so even though these distributions relate to the prior year for purposes of the 90% distribution requirement. The amount distributed must not be preferential (i.e., every stockholder of the class of stock to which a distribution is made must be treated the same as every other stockholder of that class, and no class of stock may be treated other than in according to its dividend rights as a class). To the extent that we do not distribute all of our net capital gain or distribute at least 90%, but less than 100%, of our “real estate investment trust taxable income,” as

 

44


Table of Contents

adjusted, we will be required to pay tax on the undistributed amount at regular corporate tax rates. We believe we have made, and intend to continue to make, timely distributions sufficient to satisfy these annual distribution requirements and to minimize our corporate tax obligations. In this regard, the partnership agreement of the operating partnership authorizes us, as general partner of the operating partnership, to take such steps as may be necessary to cause the operating partnership to distribute to its partners an amount sufficient to permit us to meet these distribution requirements.

We expect that our real estate investment trust taxable income will be less than our cash flow because of depreciation and other non-cash charges included in computing real estate investment trust taxable income. Accordingly, we anticipate that we will generally have sufficient cash or liquid assets to enable us to satisfy the distribution requirements described above. However, from time to time, we may not have sufficient cash or other liquid assets to meet these distribution requirements due to timing differences between the actual receipt of income and actual payment of deductible expenses, and the inclusion of income and deduction of expenses in arriving at our taxable income. If these timing differences occur, we be required to borrow funds or pay dividends in the form of taxable stock dividends in order to meet the distribution requirements.

Under some circumstances, we may be able to rectify an inadvertent failure to meet the 90% distribution requirement for a year by paying “deficiency dividends” to our stockholders in a later year, which may be included in our deduction for dividends paid for the earlier year. Thus, we may be able to avoid being taxed on amounts distributed as deficiency dividends. However, we will be required to pay interest to the IRS based upon the amount of any deduction claimed for deficiency dividends.

Furthermore, we will be required to pay a 4% excise tax to the extent we fail to distribute during each calendar year, at least the sum of 85% of our real estate investment trust ordinary income for such year, 95% of our real estate investment trust capital gain net income for the year and any undistributed taxable income from prior periods. Any real estate investment trust taxable income and net capital gain on which this excise tax is imposed for any year is treated as an amount distributed during that year for purposes of calculating such tax.

For purposes of the distribution requirements and excise tax described above, distributions declared during the last three months of the taxable year, payable to stockholders of record on a specified date during such period, and paid during January of the following year, will be treated as paid by us and received by our stockholders on December 31 of the year in which they are declared.

Like-Kind Exchanges. We have in the past disposed of properties in transactions intended to qualify as like-kind exchanges under the Code, and may continue this practice in the future. Such like-kind exchanges are intended to result in the deferral of gain for federal income tax purposes. The failure of any such transaction to qualify as a like-kind exchange could subject us to federal income tax, possibly including the 100% prohibited transaction tax, depending on the facts and circumstances surrounding the particular transaction.

Failure to Qualify

Commencing with our taxable year beginning January 1, 2005, specified cure provisions are available to us in the event that we discover a violation of a provision of the Code that would result in our failure to qualify as a REIT. Except with respect to violations of the REIT income tests and assets tests (for which the cure provisions are described above), and provided the violation is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect, these cure provisions generally impose a $50,000 penalty for each violation in lieu of a loss of REIT status.

If we fail to qualify for taxation as a REIT in any taxable year, and the relief provisions do not apply, we will be required to pay tax, including any applicable alternative minimum tax, on our taxable income at regular corporate rates. Distributions to stockholders in any year in which we fail to qualify as a REIT will not be deductible by us, and we will not be required to distribute any amounts to our stockholders. As a result, we anticipate that our failure to qualify as a REIT would reduce the cash available for distribution by us to our stockholders. In addition, if we fail to qualify as a REIT, all distributions to stockholders will be taxable as

 

45


Table of Contents

regular corporate dividends to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits. In this event, corporate distributees may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction. Unless entitled to relief under specific statutory provisions, we will also be disqualified from taxation as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which we lost our qualification. It is not possible to state whether in all circumstances we would be entitled to this statutory relief.

Tax Aspects of the Operating Partnership, the Subsidiary Partnerships and Limited Liability Companies

General. Substantially all of our investments are held indirectly through the operating partnership. In addition, the operating partnership holds certain of its investments indirectly through subsidiary partnerships and limited liability companies which we expect will be treated as partnerships or disregarded entities for federal income tax purposes. In general, entities that are classified as partnerships (or disregarded entities) for federal income tax purposes are “pass-through” entities which are not required to pay federal income tax. Rather, partners or members of such entities are allocated their shares of the items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of the entity, and are potentially required to pay tax on this income, without regard to whether the partners or members receive a distribution of cash from the entity. We will include in our income our proportionate share of the foregoing items for purposes of the various REIT income tests and in the computation of our real estate investment trust taxable income. Moreover, as described above under “—Asset Tests,” for purposes of the REIT asset tests, we will generally include our proportionate share of assets held by the operating partnership, including its share of assets held by its subsidiary partnerships and limited liability companies, based on our capital interests. See “—Taxation of the Company.”

Entity Classification. Our interests in the operating partnership and its subsidiary partnerships and limited liability companies involve special tax considerations, including the possibility that the IRS might challenge the status of any of these entities as a partnership (or disregarded entity), as opposed to an association taxable as a corporation for federal income tax purposes. If the operating partnership, a subsidiary partnership or a limited liability company were treated as an association, it would be taxable as a corporation and would be required to pay an entity-level tax on its income. In this situation, the character of our assets and items of gross income would change and could preclude us from satisfying the asset tests and possibly the income tests (see “—Taxation of the Company—Asset Tests” and “—Income Tests”). This, in turn, could prevent us from qualifying as a REIT. See “—Failure to Qualify” for a discussion of the effect of our failure to meet these tests for a taxable year. In addition, a change in the operating partnership’s, a subsidiary partnership’s or a subsidiary limited liability company’s status for tax purposes might be treated as a taxable event. If so, we might incur a tax liability without any related cash distributions.

The Company believes the operating partnership and each of its other partnerships and limited liability companies will be classified as partnerships or disregarded entities for federal income tax purposes.

Allocations of Income, Gain, Loss and Deduction. A partnership or limited liability company agreement will generally determine the allocation of income and losses among partners or members. These allocations, however, will be disregarded for tax purposes if they do not comply with the provisions of Section 704(b) of the Code and the related Treasury regulations. Generally, Section 704(b) of the Code and the related Treasury regulations require that partnership and limited liability company allocations respect the economic arrangement of the partners or members.

The Kilroy Realty, L.P. partnership agreement provides for preferred distributions of cash and preferred allocations of income to the holders of its preferred units. These units have been issued to us and to limited partners of the operating partnership. We will acquire these units upon any exchange of such units for shares of our preferred stock. In addition, upon our issuance of additional shares of preferred stock for cash or other consideration, we will contribute the net proceeds or other consideration from such issuance to the operating partnership in exchange for additional preferred units with similar terms. In general, all remaining items of income and loss will be allocated to the holders of common units in proportion to the number of common units

 

46


Table of Contents

held by each unit holder. See “Description of Material Provisions of the Partnership Agreement of Kilroy Realty, L.P.—Allocations of net income and net losses to partners.” Some limited partners have agreed to guarantee debt of the operating partnership, either directly or indirectly through an agreement to make capital contributions to the operating partnership under limited circumstances. As a result, and notwithstanding the above discussion of allocations of income and loss to holders of common units, these limited partners could under limited circumstances be allocated a disproportionate amount of net loss upon a liquidation of the operating partnership.

If an allocation is not recognized by the IRS for federal income tax purposes, the item subject to the allocation will be reallocated in accordance with the partners’ or members’ interests in the partnership or limited liability company. This reallocation will be determined by taking into account all of the facts and circumstances relating to the economic arrangement of the partners or members with respect to such item. The operating partnership’s allocations of taxable income and loss are intended to comply with the requirements of Section 704(b) of the Code and the Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder.

Tax Allocations with Respect to the Properties. Under Section 704(c) of the Code, income, gain, loss and deduction attributable to appreciated or depreciated property that is contributed to a partnership or limited liability company in exchange for an interest in the partnership or limited liability company, must be allocated in a manner so that the contributing partner or member is charged with the unrealized gain, or benefits from the unrealized loss, associated with the property at the time of the contribution, as adjusted from time to time. The amount of the unrealized gain or unrealized loss is generally equal to the difference between the fair market value or book value and the adjusted tax basis of the property at the time of contribution. These allocations are solely for federal income tax purposes and do not affect the book capital accounts or other economic or legal arrangements among the partners or members. The operating partnership was formed by way of contributions of appreciated property (i.e., property having an adjusted tax basis less than its fair market value at the time of contribution). Moreover, subsequent to the formation of the operating partnership, additional appreciated property has been contributed to the operating partnership in exchange for interests in the operating partnership. The partnership agreement requires that these allocations be made in a manner consistent with Section 704(c) of the Code.

Treasury regulations issued under Section 704(c) of the Code provide partnerships and limited liability companies with a choice of several methods of accounting for book-tax differences, including retention of the “traditional method” or the election of certain methods which would permit any distortions caused by a book-tax difference to be entirely rectified on an annual basis or with respect to a specific taxable transaction such as a sale. We and the operating partnership have determined to use the “traditional method” for accounting for book-tax differences for the properties initially contributed to the operating partnership and for certain assets contributed subsequently. We and the operating partnership have not yet decided what method will be used to account for book-tax differences for properties acquired by the operating partnership in the future.

In general, the partners of the operating partnership who acquired their limited partnership interests through a contribution of appreciated property will be allocated depreciation deductions for tax purposes that are lower than such deductions would have been if they had been determined on a pro rata basis. In addition, in the event of the disposition of any of the contributed assets which have such a book-tax difference, all income attributable to such book-tax difference (as adjusted) generally will be allocated to the contributing partners. These allocations will tend to eliminate the book-tax difference over the life of the operating partnership. However, under the traditional method, the special allocation rules of Section 704(c) of the Code do not always entirely eliminate the book-tax difference on an annual basis or with respect to a specific taxable transaction such as a sale. Thus, the carryover basis of the contributed assets in the hands of the operating partnership may cause us or other partners to be allocated lower depreciation and other deductions, and possibly an amount of taxable income in the event of a sale of such contributed assets in excess of the economic or book income allocated to us or other partners as a result of the sale. Such an allocation might cause us or other partners to recognize taxable income in excess of cash proceeds, which might adversely affect our ability to comply with the REIT distribution requirements. See “—Taxation of the Company—Requirements for Qualification as a Real Estate Investment Trust” and “—Annual Distribution Requirements.”

 

47


Table of Contents

Any property acquired by the operating partnership in a taxable transaction will initially have a tax basis equal to its fair market value, and Section 704(c) of the Code will not apply.

Federal Income Tax Considerations for Holders of Our Common Stock

The following summary describes the principal United States federal income tax consequences to you of acquiring, owning and disposing of our common stock. You should consult your tax advisors concerning the application of United States federal income tax laws to your particular situation as well as any consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our common stock arising under the laws of any state, local or foreign taxing jurisdiction.

This summary deals only with common stock held as a “capital asset,” which is generally property held for investment within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code. Your tax treatment will vary depending upon your particular situation, and this discussion does not address all the tax consequences that may be relevant to you in light of your particular circumstances. State, local and foreign income tax laws may differ substantially from the corresponding federal income tax laws, and this discussion does not purport to describe any aspect of the tax laws of any state, local or foreign jurisdiction. In addition, this discussion does not address the tax consequences relevant to persons who receive special treatment under the United States federal income tax law, except to the extent discussed under the headings “—Taxation of Tax Exempt Stockholders” and “—Taxation of Non-United States Stockholders.” Holders of common stock receiving special treatment include, without limitation:

 

   

financial institutions, banks and thrifts;

 

   

insurance companies;

 

   

tax-exempt organizations;

 

   

“S” corporations;

 

   

traders in securities that elect to mark to market;

 

   

partnerships or other pass-through entities and persons holding the common stock through a partnership or other pass-through entity;

 

   

holders subject to the alternative minimum tax;

 

   

regulated investment companies and REITs;

 

   

foreign corporations or partnerships, and persons who are not residents or citizens of the United States;

 

   

broker-dealers or dealers in securities or currencies;

 

   

United States expatriates;

 

   

persons holding our common stock as a hedge against currency risks, as part of an integrated transaction, or as a position in a straddle; or

 

   

United States persons whose functional currency is not the United States dollar.

When we use the term “United States stockholder,” we mean a beneficial holder of shares of our common stock who is, for United States federal income tax purposes:

 

   

a citizen or resident of the United States;

 

   

a corporation or other entity created or organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, or the District of Columbia;

 

   

an estate, the income of which is subject to United States federal income tax regardless of its source; or

 

   

a trust whose administration is subject to the primary supervision of a United States court and which has one or more United States persons who have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust, or a trust that has a valid election in place to be treated as a United States person.

 

48


Table of Contents

If you hold shares of our common stock and are not a United States stockholder, you are a “non-United States stockholder.” See “—Taxation of Non-United States Stockholders” below.

Taxation of Taxable United States Stockholders Generally

Distributions Generally. Distributions out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, other than capital gain dividends and certain amounts previously subject to corporate level taxation as discussed below, will constitute dividends taxable to our taxable United States stockholders as ordinary income. See “—Tax Rates” below. As long as we qualify as a REIT, these distributions will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction in the case of United States stockholders that are corporations. For purposes of determining whether distributions to holders of our common stock are out of current or accumulated earnings and profits, our earnings and profits will be allocated first to our outstanding preferred stock and then to our outstanding common stock.

To the extent that we make distributions on our common stock in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, these distributions will be treated first as a tax-free return of capital to a United States stockholder. This treatment will reduce the adjusted tax basis which the United States stockholder has in its shares of our common stock by the amount of the distribution, but not below zero. Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits and in excess of a United States stockholder’s adjusted tax basis in its shares will be taxable as capital gain. Such gain will be taxable as long-term capital gain if the shares have been held for more than one year. Dividends we declare in October, November, or December of any year and which are payable to a stockholder of record on a specified date in any of these months will be treated as both paid by us and received by the stockholder on December 31 of that year, provided we actually pay the dividend on or before January 31 of the following year. United States stockholders may not include in their own income tax returns any of our net operating losses or capital losses.

Capital Gain Dividends. Dividends that we properly designate as capital gain dividends will be taxable to our taxable United States stockholders as a gain from the sale or disposition of a capital asset, to the extent that such gain does not exceed our actual net capital gain for the taxable year. These gains may be taxable to non-corporate United States stockholders at a 15% or 25% rate. United States stockholders that are corporations may, however, be required to treat up to 20% of some capital gain dividends as ordinary income. If we properly designate any portion of a dividend as a capital gain dividend then, except as otherwise required by law, we presently intend to allocate a portion of the total capital gain dividends paid or made available to holders of all classes of our stock for the year to the holders of our common stock in proportion to the amount that our total dividends, as determined for United States federal income tax purposes, paid or made available to the holders of such common stock for the year bears to the total dividends, as determined for United States federal income tax purposes, paid or made available to holders of all classes of our stock for the year.

Retention of Net Capital Gains. We may elect to retain, rather than distribute as a capital gain dividend, all or a portion of our net capital gains. If we make this election, we would pay tax on our retained net capital gains. In addition, to the extent we so elect, a United States stockholder generally would:

 

   

include its pro rata share of our undistributed net capital gains in computing its long-term capital gains in its return for its taxable year in which the last day of our taxable year falls, subject to certain limitations as to the amount that is includable;

 

   

be deemed to have paid the capital gains tax imposed on us on the designated amounts included in the United States stockholder’s long-term capital gains;

 

   

receive a credit or refund for the amount of tax deemed paid by it;

 

   

increase the adjusted basis of its common stock by the difference between the amount of includable gains and the tax deemed to have been paid by it; and

 

   

in the case of a United States stockholder that is a corporation, appropriately adjust its earnings and profits for the retained capital gains in accordance with Treasury regulations to be issued.

 

49


Table of Contents

Passive Activity Losses and Investment Interest Limitations. Distributions we make and gain arising from the sale or exchange by a United States stockholder of our shares will not be treated as passive activity income. As a result, United States stockholders generally will not be able to apply any “passive losses” against this income or gain. A United States stockholder may elect to treat capital gain dividends, capital gains from the disposition of stock and qualified dividend income as investment income for purposes of computing the investment interest limitation, but in such case, the stockholder will be taxed at ordinary income rates on such amount. Other distributions made by us, to the extent they do not constitute a return of capital, generally will be treated as investment income for purposes of computing the investment interest limitation.

Dispositions of Our Common Stock. If a United States stockholder sells or disposes of shares of common stock to a person other than us, it will recognize gain or loss for federal income tax purposes in an amount equal to the difference between the amount of cash and the fair market value of any property received on the sale or other disposition and the holder’s adjusted tax basis in the shares for tax purposes. This gain or loss, except as provided below, will be long-term capital gain or loss if the holder has held the common stock for more than one year. However, if a United States stockholder recognizes loss upon the sale or other disposition of common stock that it has held for six months or less, after applying certain holding period rules, the loss recognized will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent the United States stockholder received distributions from us which were required to be treated as long-term capital gains.

Backup Withholding

We report to our United States stockholders and the IRS the amount of dividends paid during each calendar year, and the amount of any tax withheld. Under the backup withholding rules, a stockholder may be subject to backup withholding with respect to dividends paid unless the holder is a corporation or comes within certain other exempt categories and, when required, demonstrates this fact, or provides a taxpayer identification number, certifies as to no loss of exemption from backup withholding, and otherwise complies with applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules. A United States stockholder that does not provide us with its correct taxpayer identification number may also be subject to penalties imposed by the IRS. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amount paid as backup withholding will be creditable against the stockholder’s federal income tax liability. In addition, we may be required to withhold a portion of capital gain distributions to any stockholders who fail to certify their non-foreign status. See “—Taxation of Non-United States Stockholders.”

Taxation of Tax Exempt Stockholders

Dividend income from us and gain arising upon a sale of shares generally will not be unrelated business taxable income to a tax-exempt stockholder, except as described below. This income or gain will be unrelated business taxable income, however, if a tax-exempt stockholder holds its shares as “debt-financed property” within the meaning of the Code or if the shares are used in a trade or business of the tax-exempt stockholder. Generally, debt-financed property is property, the acquisition or holding of which was financed through a borrowing by the tax-exempt stockholder.

For tax-exempt stockholders which are social clubs, voluntary employee benefit associations, supplemental unemployment benefit trusts, or qualified group legal services plans exempt from federal income taxation under Sections 501(c)(7), (c)(9), (c)(17) or (c)(20) of the Code, respectively, income from an investment in our shares will constitute unrelated business taxable income unless the organization is able to properly claim a deduction for amounts set aside or placed in reserve for specific purposes so as to offset the income generated by its investment in our shares. These prospective investors should consult their tax advisors concerning these “set aside” and reserve requirements.

Notwithstanding the above, however, a portion of the dividends paid by a “pension-held REIT” may be treated as unrelated business taxable income as to some trusts that hold more than 10%, by value, of the interests

 

50


Table of Contents

in the REIT. A REIT will not be a “pension-held REIT” if it is able to satisfy the “not closely held” requirement without relying on the “look-through” exception with respect to certain trusts, or if such REIT is not “predominantly held” by “qualified trusts.” As a result of limitations on the transfer and ownership of stock contained in our charter, we do not expect to be classified as a “pension-held REIT,” and as a result, the tax treatment described in this paragraph should be inapplicable to our stockholders. However, because our stock will be publicly traded, we cannot guarantee that this will always be the case.

Tax Rates

The maximum tax rate for non-corporate taxpayers for (1) capital gains, including certain “capital gain dividends,” has generally been reduced to 15% (although depending on the characteristics of the assets which produced these gains and on designations which we may make, certain capital gain dividends may be taxed at a 25% rate) and (2) “qualified dividend income” has generally been reduced to 15%. In general, dividends payable by REITs are not eligible for the reduced tax rate on corporate dividends, except to the extent that certain holding requirements have been met and the REIT’s dividends are attributable to dividends received from taxable corporations (such as its taxable REIT subsidiaries) or to income that was subject to tax at the corporate/REIT level (for example, if it distributed taxable income that it retained and paid tax on in the prior taxable year). The currently applicable provisions of the United States federal income tax laws relating to the 15% tax rate are currently scheduled to “sunset” or revert to the provisions of prior law effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2010, at which time the capital gains tax rate will be increased to 20% and the rate applicable to dividends will be increased to the tax rate then applicable to ordinary income. United States stockholders that are corporations may, however, be required to treat up to 20% of some capital gain dividends as ordinary income.

Taxation of Non-United States Stockholders

The following discussion addresses the rules governing United States federal income taxation of the ownership and disposition of our common stock by non-United States stockholders. These rules are complex, and no attempt is made herein to provide more than a brief summary of such rules. Accordingly, the discussion does not address all aspects of United States federal income taxation and does not address any state, local or foreign tax consequences that may be relevant to a non-United States stockholder in light of its particular circumstances. We urge non-United States stockholders to consult their tax advisors to determine the impact of federal, state, local and foreign income tax laws on the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of shares of our common stock, including any reporting requirements.

Distributions Generally. Distributions that are neither attributable to gain from our sale or exchange of United States real property interests nor designated by us as capital gain dividends will be treated as dividends of ordinary income to the extent that they are made out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits. Such distributions ordinarily will be subject to withholding of United States federal income tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty unless the distributions are treated as effectively connected with the conduct by the non-United States stockholder of a United States trade or business. Under certain treaties, however, lower withholding rates generally applicable to dividends do not apply to dividends from a REIT. Certain certification and disclosure requirements must be satisfied to be exempt from withholding under the effectively connected income exemption. Dividends that are treated as effectively connected with such a trade or business will be subject to tax on a net basis at graduated rates, in the same manner as dividends paid to United States stockholders are subject to tax, and are generally not subject to withholding. Any such dividends received by a non-United States stockholder that is a corporation may also be subject to an additional branch profits tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty.

Except as otherwise provided below, we expect to withhold United States income tax at the rate of 30% on any distributions made to a non-United States stockholder unless:

 

   

a lower treaty rate applies and the non-United States stockholder files with us an IRS Form W-8BEN evidencing eligibility for that reduced treaty rate; or

 

51


Table of Contents
   

the non-United States stockholder files an IRS Form W-8ECI with us claiming that the distribution is income effectively connected with the non-United States stockholder’s trade or business.

Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits will not be taxable to a non-United States stockholder to the extent that such distributions do not exceed the non-United States stockholder’s adjusted basis in our common stock, but rather will reduce the adjusted basis of such common stock. To the extent that these distributions exceed a non-United States stockholder’s adjusted basis in our common stock, they will give rise to gain from the sale or exchange of such stock. The tax treatment of this gain is described below.

For withholding purposes, we expect to treat all distributions as made out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits. However, amounts withheld should generally be refundable if it is subsequently determined that the distribution was, in fact, in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, provided that certain conditions are met.

Capital Gain Dividends and Distributions Attributable to a Sale or Exchange of United States Real Property Interests. Distributions to a non-United States stockholder that we properly designate as capital gain dividends, other than those arising from the disposition of a United States real property interest, generally should not be subject to United States federal income taxation, unless:

(1) the investment in our common stock is treated as effectively connected with the non-United States stockholder’s United States trade or business, in which case the non-United States stockholder will be subject to the same treatment as United States stockholders with respect to such gain, except that a non-United States stockholder that is a foreign corporation may also be subject to the 30% branch profits tax, as discussed above; or

(2) the non-United States stockholder is a nonresident alien individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and certain other conditions are met, in which case the nonresident alien individual will be subject to a 30% tax on the individual’s capital gains.

Pursuant to FIRPTA, distributions to a non-United States stockholder that are attributable to gain from our sale or exchange of United States real property interests (whether or not designated as capital gain dividends) will cause the non-United States stockholder to be treated as recognizing such gain as income effectively connected with a United States trade or business. Non-United States stockholders would generally be taxed at the same rates applicable to United States stockholders. We also will be required to withhold and to remit to the IRS 35% (or 15% to the extent provided in Treasury regulations) of any distribution to a non-United States stockholder that we designate as a capital gain dividend, or, if greater, 35% (or 15% to the extent provided in Treasury regulations) of a distribution to the non-United States stockholder that could have been designated as a capital gain dividend. The amount withheld is creditable against the non-United States stockholder’s United States federal income tax liability. However, any distribution with respect to any class of stock which is regularly traded on an established securities market located in the United States is not subject to FIRPTA, and therefore, not subject to the 35% U.S. withholding tax described above, if the non-United States stockholder did not own more than 5% of such class of stock at any time during the one-year period ending on the date of the distribution. Instead, such distributions generally will be treated in the same manner as ordinary dividend distributions.

Retention of Net Capital Gains. Although the law is not clear on the matter, it appears that amounts we designate as retained capital gains in respect of the common stock held by United States stockholders generally should be treated with respect to non-United States stockholders in the same manner as actual distributions by us of capital gain dividends. Under this approach, a non-United States stockholder would be able to offset as a credit against its United States federal income tax liability resulting from its proportionate share of the tax we pay on such retained capital gains, and to receive from the IRS a refund to the extent its proportionate share of such tax paid by us exceeds its actual United States federal income tax liability.

Sale of Our Common Stock. Gain recognized by a non-United States stockholder upon the sale or exchange of our common stock generally will not be subject to United States taxation unless such stock constitutes a

 

52


Table of Contents

“United States real property interest” within the meaning of FIRPTA. Our common stock will not constitute a “United States real property interest” so long as we are a “domestically-controlled qualified investment entity.” A “domestically-controlled qualified investment entity” includes a REIT in which at all times during a specified testing period less than 50% in value of its stock is held directly or indirectly by non-United States stockholders. We believe, but cannot guarantee, that we have been a “domestically-controlled qualified investment entity.” Even if we have been a “domestically-controlled qualified investment entity,” because our capital stock is publicly traded, no assurance can be given that we will continue to be a “domestically-controlled qualified investment entity.”

Notwithstanding the foregoing, gain from the sale or exchange of our common stock not otherwise subject to FIRPTA will be taxable to a non-United States stockholder if either (1) the investment in our common stock is treated as effectively connected with the non-United States stockholder’s United States trade or business or (2) the non-United States stockholder is a nonresident alien individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and certain other conditions are met. In addition, in general, even if we are a domestically controlled qualified investment entity, upon disposition of our common stock (subject to the 5% exception applicable to “regularly traded” stock described below), a non-United States stockholder may be treated as having gain from the sale or exchange of United States real property interest if the non-United States stockholder (or certain of its affiliate or related parties) (1) disposes of our common stock within a 30-day period preceding the ex-dividend date of a distribution, any portion of which, but for the disposition, would have been treated as gain from the sale or exchange of a United States real property interest and (2) acquires, or enters into a contract or option to acquire, or is deemed to acquire, other shares of our common stock during the 61-day period beginning with the first day of the 30-day period described in clause (1). Non-United States stockholders should contact their tax advisors regarding the tax consequences of any sale, exchange, or other taxable disposition of our common stock.

Even if we do not qualify as a “domestically-controlled qualified investment entity” at the time a non-United States stockholder sells or exchanges our common stock, gain arising from such a sale or exchange would not be subject to United States taxation under FIRPTA as a sale of a “United States real property interest” if:

(1) our common stock is “regularly traded,” as defined by applicable Treasury regulations, on an established securities market such as the New York Stock Exchange; and

(2) such non-United States stockholder owned, actually and constructively, 5% or less of our common stock throughout the applicable testing period.

If gain on the sale or exchange of our common stock were subject to taxation under FIRPTA, the non-United States stockholder would be subject to regular United States federal income tax with respect to such gain in the same manner as a taxable United States stockholder. In addition, if the stock is not then traded on an established securities market, the purchaser of the common stock would be required to withhold and remit to the IRS 10% of the purchase price. If amounts withheld on a sale, redemption, repurchase, or exchange of our common stock exceed the holder’s substantive tax liability resulting from such disposition, such excess may be refunded or credited against such holder’s United States federal income tax liability, provided that the required information is provided to the IRS on a timely basis. Amounts withheld on any such sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of our common stock may not satisfy a non-United States stockholder’s entire tax liability under FIRPTA, and such holder remains liable for the timely payment of any remaining tax liability.

Backup Withholding Tax and Information Reporting. Generally, we must report annually to the IRS the amount of dividends paid to a non-United States stockholder, such stockholder’s name and address, and the amount of tax withheld, if any. A similar report is sent to the non-United States stockholder. Pursuant to tax treaties or other agreements, the IRS may make its reports available to tax authorities in the non-United States stockholder’s country of residence.

 

53


Table of Contents

Payments of dividends or of proceeds from the disposition of stock made to a non-United States stockholder may be subject to information reporting and backup withholding unless such stockholder establishes an exemption, for example, by properly certifying its non-United States status on an IRS Form W-8BEN or another appropriate version of IRS Form W-8. Notwithstanding the foregoing, backup withholding and information reporting may apply if either the Company has or its paying agent has actual knowledge, or reason to know, that a holder is a United States person. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Rather, the federal income tax liability of persons subject to backup withholding will be reduced by the amount of tax withheld. If withholding results in an overpayment of taxes, a refund or credit may be obtained, provided that the required information is furnished to the IRS.

Other Tax Consequences

State, local and foreign income tax laws may differ substantially from the corresponding federal income tax laws, and this discussion does not purport to describe any aspect of the tax laws of any state, local or foreign jurisdiction. You should consult your tax advisors regarding the effect of state, local and foreign tax laws with respect to our tax treatment as a REIT and on an investment in our common stock.

 

54


Table of Contents

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

The selling securityholders may, from time to time, sell any or all of the shares of our common stock beneficially owned by them and offered hereby directly or through one or more underwriters, broker-dealers or agents. The selling securityholders will be responsible for any underwriting discounts or commissions or agent’s commissions. The common stock may be sold in one or more transactions at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of the sale, at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or at negotiated prices. The selling securityholders may use any one or more of the following methods when selling shares (which may involve crosses or block transactions):

 

   

on the NYSE or any other national securities exchange or quotation service on which the common stock may be listed or quoted at the time of sale;

 

   

in the over-the-counter market;

 

   

in transactions otherwise than on these exchanges or systems or in the over-the-counter market;

 

   

through the writing of options, whether such options are listed on an options exchange or otherwise;

 

   

ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the shares as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;

 

   

purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account;

 

   

an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;

 

   

in privately negotiated transactions;

 

   

through the settlement of short sales;

 

   

broker-dealers may agree with the selling securityholders to sell a specified number of such shares at a stipulated price per share;

 

   

a combination of any such methods of sale; and

 

   

any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.

The selling securityholders may also sell shares under Rule 144 under the Securities Act rather than under this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement.

In addition, the selling securityholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers who may engage in short sales of shares in the course of hedging the positions they assume with the selling securityholders. The selling securityholders may also sell shares short and deliver the shares to close out such short position. The selling securityholders may also enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers that require the delivery by such broker-dealers of the shares, which shares may be resold thereafter pursuant to this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement.

The selling securityholder may pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the shares of common stock covered by this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement owned by the selling securityholder and, if the selling securityholder defaults in the performance of its secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell the shares of common stock from time to time pursuant to this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplements. The selling securityholders may also transfer and donate shares of common stock covered by this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement in other circumstances in which case the transferees, donees, pledgees or other successors in interest will be the selling securityholders for purposes of this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement.

Broker-dealers engaged by the selling securityholders may arrange for other broker-dealers to participate in sales. If the selling securityholders effect such transactions through underwriters, broker-dealers or agents, such

 

55


Table of Contents

underwriters, broker-dealers or agents may receive commissions in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the selling securityholders or commissions from purchasers of the shares of our common stock for whom they may act as agent or to whom they may sell as principal, or both (which discounts, concessions or commissions as to particular underwriters, broker-dealers or agents may be less than or in excess of those customary in the types of transactions involved).

The selling securityholders and any broker-dealers or agents that are involved in selling the shares may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with such sales. In such event, any commissions received by such broker-dealers or agents and any profit on the resale of the shares purchased by them may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act.

The selling securityholders will be subject to the Exchange Act, including Regulation M, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of common stock by the selling securityholders and their affiliates.

 

56


Table of Contents

LEGAL MATTERS

Latham & Watkins LLP, Los Angeles, California will pass upon certain legal matters described under “United States Federal Income Tax Considerations” in this prospectus. Certain legal matters with respect to the validity of shares of our common stock and certain other legal matters relating to Maryland law will be passed upon for us by Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP, Baltimore, Maryland, our Maryland counsel.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements, the related financial statement schedule, and management’s report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting incorporated in this prospectus by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006 have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their reports, which are incorporated herein by reference, and have been so incorporated in reliance upon the reports of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

 

57


Table of Contents

 

6,269,570 Shares

LOGO

Common Stock

 


PROSPECTUS

 


 

 

 

 



Table of Contents

PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

Item 14. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.

The following table itemizes the expenses incurred by us in connection with the issuance and registration of the securities being registered hereunder. All amounts shown are estimates except the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) registration fee and the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) supplemental listing fee.

 

     Amount

SEC Registration Fee

   $ 13,539

NYSE Supplemental Listing Fee

   $ 5,000

Costs of Printing

   $ 10,000

Legal Fees and Expenses

   $ 75,000

Accounting Fees and Expenses

   $ 15,000

Miscellaneous

   $ 461
      

Total

   $ 119,000
      

Item 15. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

Section 2-418 of the Maryland General Corporation Law permits a corporation to indemnify its directors and officers and other parties against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements, and reasonable expenses actually incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they may be made a party by reason of their service in those or other capacities unless it is established that:

 

   

the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty; or

 

   

the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or

 

   

in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was unlawful.

Indemnification may be made against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by the director or officer in connection with the proceeding; provided, however, that if the proceeding is one by or in the right of the corporation, indemnification may not be made with respect to any proceeding in which the director or officer has been adjudged to be liable to the corporation. In addition, a director or officer may not be indemnified with respect to any proceeding charging improper personal benefit to the director or officer, whether or not involving action in the director’s or officer’s official capacity, in which the director or officer was adjudged to be liable on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received. The termination of any proceeding by judgment, order, or settlement does not create a presumption that the director or officer did not meet the requisite standard of conduct required for indemnification to be permitted. The termination of any proceeding by conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, or an entry of any order of probation prior to judgment, creates a rebuttable presumption that the director or officer did not meet the requisite standard of conduct required for indemnification to be permitted.

In addition, Section 2-418 of the Maryland General Corporation Law provides that, unless limited by its charter, a corporation shall indemnify any director or officer who is made a party to any proceeding by reason of service in that capacity against reasonable expenses incurred by the director or officer in connection with the proceeding, in the event that the director or officer is successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of the proceeding. Our charter contains no such limitation.

Our charter and bylaws provide in effect that we will indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law. We have purchased directors’ and officers’ liability insurance for the benefit of our directors and officers.

 

II-1


Table of Contents

We have entered into indemnification agreements with certain of our executive officers and directors. The indemnification agreements require, among other matters, that we indemnify our executive officers and directors to the fullest extent permitted by law and reimburse them for all related expenses as incurred, subject to return if it is subsequently determined that indemnification is not permitted.

As permitted by the Maryland General Corporation Law, our charter limits the liability of our directors and officers to us and our stockholders for money damages, subject to specified restrictions. However, the liability of our directors and officers to us and our stockholders is not limited if:

 

   

it is proved that the director or officer actually received an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services; or

 

   

a judgment or other final adjudication adverse to the director or officer is entered in a proceeding based on a finding that the director’s or officer’s action, or failure to act, was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and was material to the cause of action adjudicated in the proceeding.

This provision does not limit our ability or our stockholders’ ability to obtain other relief, such as an injunction or rescission.

Item 16. Index to Exhibits.

 

Number  

Exhibit

4.1   Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of April 2, 2007, among Kilroy Realty, L.P., Kilroy Realty Corporation, J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., Banc of America Securities LLC and Lehman Brothers Inc. (1)
4.2   Indenture, dated as of April 2, 2007 among Kilroy Realty, L.P., Kilroy Realty Corporation, as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, including the form of 3.250% Exchangeable Senior Notes due 2012 (1)
4.3   Form of Certificate for Common Stock of the Registrant (2)
4.4   Registration Rights Agreement dated January 31, 1997 (2)
4.5   Registration Rights Agreement dated February 6, 1998 (4)
4.6   Second Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement dated as of March 5, 2004 (3)
4.7   Registration Rights Agreement dated as of October 31, 1997 (5)
4.8   Rights Agreement dated as of October 2, 1998 between Kilroy Realty Corporation and ChaseMellon Shareholder Services, L.L.C., as Rights Agent, which includes the form of Articles Supplementary of the Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock of Kilroy Realty Corporation as Exhibit A, the form of Right Certificate as Exhibit B and the Summary of Rights to Purchase Preferred Shares as Exhibit C (6)
4.9   Registration Rights Agreement dated as of October 6, 2000 (7)
4.10   The Company is party to agreements in connection with long-term debt obligations, none of which individually exceeds ten percent of the total assets of the Company on a consolidated basis. Pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii)(A) of Regulation S-K, the Company agrees to furnish copies of these agreements to the Commission upon request.
4.11   Note and Guarantee Agreement dated August 4, 2004 by and between Kilroy Realty, L.P. and Kilroy Realty Corporation and the purchasers whose names appear in the acceptance form at the end of the Note and Guarantee Agreement (8)
4.12   Form of 5.72% Series A Guaranteed Senior Note due 2010 (8)
4.13   Form of 6.45% Series B Guaranteed Senior Note due 2014 (8)
4.14†   Kilroy Realty 2006 Incentive Award Plan (9)
4.15†   Amendment to Kilroy Realty 2006 Incentive Award Plan (10)
4.16†   Second Amendment to Kilroy Realty 2006 Incentive Award Plan (12)
4.17†   Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (11)
5.1*   Opinion of Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP
8.1*   Opinion of Latham & Watkins LLP with respect to federal income tax matters

 

II-2


Table of Contents
Number  

Exhibit

23.1*   Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP independent registered public accounting firm
23.2   Consent of Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)
23.3   Consent of Latham & Watkins LLP (included in Exhibit 8.1)
24.1   Power of Attorney (included on the Signature Page)

 * Filed herewith.
 † Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement
(1) Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 5, 2007.
(2) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement on Amendment No. 3 to Form S-11 (No. 333-15553).
(3) Previously filed as an exhibit on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003.
(4) Previously filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 11, 1998.
(5) Previously filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K/A as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 19, 1997.
(6) Previously filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 8, 1998.
(7) Previously filed as an exhibit on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000.
(8) Previously filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 11, 2004.
(9) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No. 333-135385).
(10) Previously filed as an exhibit on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006.
(11) Previously filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 8, 2007.
(12) Previously filed as an exhibit on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2007.

Item 17. Undertakings.

(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:

(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;

(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of this registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and

(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii) and (a)(1)(iii) above do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-3 or F-3 and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant

 

II-3


Table of Contents

pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.

(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

(4) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser:

(i) each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and

(ii) each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5) or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.

(5) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities:

The undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

(iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

(iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

 

II-4


Table of Contents

(b) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(c) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

II-5


Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that the Registrant meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Los Angeles, State of California, on this 29th day of June 2007.

 

KILROY REALTY CORPORATION
By:  

/s/    JOHN B. KILROY, JR.        

 

John B. Kilroy, Jr.

President, Chief Executive Officer

and Director

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints John B. Kilroy, Jr., Jeffrey C. Hawken, Richard E. Moran Jr., Tyler H. Rose, Heidi Roth, and each of them, with full power to act without the other, such person’s true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign this Registration Statement and any and all amendments thereto (including post-effective amendments) and any related registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with exhibits and schedules thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing necessary or desirable to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature

  

Title

 

Date

/s/    JOHN B. KILROY, SR.        

John B. Kilroy, Sr.

   Chairman of the Board   June 29, 2007

/s/    JOHN B. KILROY, JR.        

John B. Kilroy, Jr.

   President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer)   June 29, 2007

/s/    RICHARD E. MORAN JR.        

Richard E. Moran Jr.

   Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary (Principal Financial Officer)   June 29, 2007

/s/    HEIDI ROTH        

Heidi Roth

   Senior Vice President and Controller (Principal Accounting Officer)   June 29, 2007

 

Edward F. Brennan, Ph.D.

   Director  

/s/    WILLIAM P. DICKEY        

William P. Dickey

   Director   June 25, 2007

/s/    MATTHEW J. HART        

Matthew J. Hart

   Director   June 25, 2007

 

II-6


Table of Contents

Signature

  

Title

 

Date

/s/    DALE F. KINSELLA        

Dale F. Kinsella

   Director   June 26, 2007

/s/    SCOTT INGRAHAM        

Scott Ingraham

   Director   June 29, 2007

/s/    HOWARD SHIEBLER        

Howard Shiebler

   Director   June 27, 2007

 

II-7