UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

þ		QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 001-00566

 

GREIF, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		31-4388903 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

425 Winter Road, Delaware, Ohio		43015
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer þ		Accelerated filer o		Non-accelerated filer o		Smaller reporting company o
				(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ

The number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock at the close of business on August 31, 2011:

Class A Common Stock		24,965,662 shares
Class B Common Stock		22,362,266 shares

 

 

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

		Three months ended								Nine months ended
		July 31,								July 31,
		2011				2010				2011				2010
Net sales		$	1,121,902			$	921,333			$	3,116,460			$	2,467,595
Cost of products sold			910,571				730,294				2,521,690				1,970,328
Gross profit			211,331				191,039				594,770				497,267
Selling, general and administrative expenses			109,094				90,461				329,456				264,511
Restructuring charges			3,396				9,779				11,407				20,566
(Gain) on disposal of properties, plants and equipment, net			(9,205	)			(4,875	)			(14,141	)			(6,904	)
Operating profit			108,046				95,674				268,048				219,094
Interest expense, net			18,435				15,935				53,817				47,582
Other expense, net			4,495				713				9,911				4,372
Income before income tax expense and equity earnings of unconsolidated affilitates, net			85,116				79,026				204,320				167,140
Income tax expense			21,637				14,408				49,650				31,590
Equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of tax			1,495				3,141				1,992				3,272
Net income			64,974				67,759				156,662				138,822
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests			(2,034	)			(1,784	)			(1,397	)			(5,394	)
Net income attributable to Greif, Inc.		$	62,940			$	65,975			$	155,265			$	133,428
Basic earnings per share attributable to Greif, Inc. common shareholders:
Class A Common Stock		$	1.08			$	1.13			$	2.66			$	2.29
Class B Common Stock		$	1.61			$	1.70			$	3.98			$	3.43
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Greif, Inc. common shareholders:
Class A Common Stock		$	1.07			$	1.12			$	2.65			$	2.28
Class B Common Stock		$	1.61			$	1.70			$	3.98			$	3.43

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

ASSETS

		July 31, 2011				October 31, 2010
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents		$	109,086			$	106,957
Trade accounts receivable, less allowance of $12,732 in 2011 and $13,117 in 2010			588,820				480,158
Inventories			484,777				396,572
Deferred tax assets			18,723				19,526
Net assets held for sale			23,036				28,407
Current portion related party notes receivable			1,714				—
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			148,992				134,269
			1,375,148				1,165,889
Long-term assets
Goodwill			794,794				709,725
Other intangible assets, net of amortization			241,443				173,239
Deferred tax assets			33,751				29,982
Related party notes receivable			19,538				—
Assets held by special purpose entities			50,891				50,891
Other long-term assets			100,498				93,603
			1,240,915				1,057,440
Properties, plants and equipment
Timber properties, net of depletion			215,790				215,537
Land			126,078				121,409
Buildings			446,345				411,437
Machinery and equipment			1,491,135				1,302,597
Capital projects in progress			131,493				112,300
			2,410,841				2,163,280
Accumulated depreciation			(1,023,012	)			(888,164	)
			1,387,829				1,275,116
Total assets		$	4,003,892			$	3,498,445

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

		July 31, 2011				October 31, 2010
Current liabilities
Accounts payable		$	465,539			$	448,310
Accrued payroll and employee benefits			99,713				90,887
Restructuring reserves			14,074				20,238
Current portion of long-term debt			12,500				12,523
Short-term borrowings			117,412				60,908
Deferred tax liabilities			7,282				5,091
Other current liabilities			155,611				123,854
			872,131				761,811
Long-term liabilities
Long-term debt			1,255,823				953,066
Deferred tax liabilities			180,283				180,486
Pension liabilities			54,965				65,915
Postretirement benefit obligations			22,825				21,555
Liabilities held by special purpose entities			43,250				43,250
Other long-term liabilities			101,585				116,930
			1,658,731				1,381,202
Shareholders’ equity
Common stock, without par value			111,354				106,057
Treasury stock, at cost			(120,043	)			(117,394	)
Retained earnings			1,405,346				1,323,477
Accumulated other comprehensive loss:
- foreign currency translation			44,763				44,612
- interest rate and other derivatives			(419	)			(1,505	)
- minimum pension liabilities			(77,312	)			(76,526	)
Total Greif, Inc. shareholders’ equity			1,363,689				1,278,721
Noncontrolling interests			109,341				76,711
Total shareholders’ equity			1,473,030				1,355,432
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity		$	4,003,892			$	3,498,445

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

For the nine months ended July 31,		2011				2010
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income		$	156,662			$	138,822
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, depletion and amortization			102,617				84,927
Asset impairments			3,331				2,356
Deferred income taxes			(978	)			2,317
Gain on disposals of properties, plants and equipment, net			(14,141	)			(6,904	)
Equity earnings of affiliates			(1,992	)			(3,272	)
Increase (decrease) in cash from changes in certain assets and liabilities:
Trade accounts receivable			(38,791	)			(83,713	)
Inventories			(43,244	)			(92,845	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			(3,735	)			(21,144	)
Accounts payable			(80,640	)			(71,330	)
Accrued payroll and employee benefits			6,343				1,774
Restructuring reserves			(6,164	)			2,478
Other current liabilities			19,647				29,981
Pension and postretirement benefit liabilities			(9,680	)			2,555
Other long-term assets, other long-term liabilities and other			(66,511	)			31,773
Net cash provided by operating activities			22,724				17,775
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions of companies, net of cash acquired			(185,703	)			(152,739	)
Purchases of properties, plants and equipment			(117,821	)			(101,046	)
Purchases of timber properties			(3,400	)			(19,500	)
Proceeds from the sale of properties, plants, equipment and other assets			17,909				13,034
Issuance of notes receivable to related party			(21,252	)			—
Purchases of land rights			(650	)			—
Net cash used in investing activities			(310,917	)			(260,251	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt			2,804,521				2,351,553
Payments on long-term debt			(2,492,200	)			(2,231,012	)
Proceeds from short-term borrowings, net			55,213				20,554
Proceeds from (payments of) trade accounts receivable credit facility, net			(10,000	)			117,800
Dividends paid			(73,396	)			(68,607	)
Exercise of stock options			2,161				1,164
Acquisitions of treasury stock and other			(3,060	)			(2,696	)
Restricted stock awards			(318	)			—
Settlement of derivatives			—				29,248
Net cash provided by financing activities			282,921				218,004
Effects of exchange rates on cash			7,401				(3,250	)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents			2,129				(27,722	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period			106,957				111,896
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period		$	109,086			$	84,174

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
July 31, 2011

NOTE 1 — BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The information furnished herein reflects all adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated balance sheets as of July 31, 2011 and October 31, 2010 and the consolidated statements of operations and cash flows for the three month and nine month periods ended July 31, 2011 and 2010 of Greif, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, all wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries and investments in limited liability companies, partnerships and joint ventures in which it has controlling influence. Non-majority owned entities include investments in limited liability companies, partnerships and joint ventures in which the Company does not have controlling influence.

The unaudited consolidated financial statements included in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”) should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended October 31, 2010 (the “2010 Form 10-K”). Note 1 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” from the 2010 Form 10-K is specifically incorporated in this Form 10-Q by reference. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements have been included and are of a normal and recurring nature.

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) instructions to Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and include all of the information and disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial reporting. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual amounts could differ from those estimates.

The Company’s fiscal year begins on November 1 and ends on October 31 of the following year. Any references to the year 2011 or 2010, or to any quarter of those years, relates to the fiscal year or quarter, as the case may be, ending in that year.

Certain and appropriate prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2011 presentation.

Newly Adopted Accounting Standards

In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) amended Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 860, “Transfers and Servicing”. The amendment to ASC 860 requires an enterprise to evaluate whether the transaction is legally isolated from the Company and whether the results of the transaction are consolidated within the consolidated financial statements. The Company adopted the new guidance beginning November 1, 2010, and the adoption of the new guidance did not impact the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows, other than the related disclosures.

In June 2009, the FASB amended ASC 810, “Consolidation”. The amendment to ASC 810 changed the methodology for determining the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity (“VIE”) from a quantitative risk and rewards based model to a qualitative determination. It also requires enhanced disclosures that will provide users of financial statements with more transparent information about an enterprise’s involvement in a VIE. Accordingly, the Company reevaluated its previous ASC 810 conclusions, including (1) whether an entity is a VIE, (2) whether the enterprise is the VIE’s primary beneficiary, and (3) what type of financial statement disclosures are required. The Company adopted the new guidance beginning November 1, 2010, and the adoption of the new guidance did not impact the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows, other than the related disclosures.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Effective July 1, 2009, changes to the ASC are communicated through an Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”). As of July 31, 2011, the FASB has issued ASU’s 2009-01 through 2011-07. The Company has reviewed each ASU and determined that they will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows, other than the related disclosures.

In December 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-29 “Business Combinations: Disclosure of supplementary pro forma information for business combinations”. The amendment to ASC 805 “Business Combinations” requires a public entity to disclose pro forma information for business combinations that occurred in the current reporting period. The disclosures include pro forma revenue and earnings of the combined entity for the current reporting period as though the acquisition date for all business combinations that occurred during the year had been as of the beginning of the annual reporting period. If comparative financial statements are presented, the pro forma revenue and earnings of the combined entity for the comparable prior reporting period should be reported as though the acquisition date for all business combinations that occurred during the current year had been as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period. The Company will adopt the new guidance beginning November 1, 2011, and the adoption of the new guidance will not impact the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows, other than the related disclosures.

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05 “Comprehensive Income: Presentation of comprehensive income.” The amendment to ASC 220 “Comprehensive Income” requires that all non-owner changes in stockholders’ equity be presented either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. In the two-statement approach, the first statement should present total net income and its components followed consecutively by a second statement that should present total other comprehensive income, the components of other comprehensive income, and the total of comprehensive income. The Company will adopt the new guidance beginning November 1, 2011, and the adoption of the new guidance will not impact the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows, other than the related disclosures.

NOTE 2 — ACQUISITIONS, DIVESTITURES AND OTHER SIGNIFICANT TRANSACTIONS

(Dollars in thousands):

		# of				Purchase Price,								Operating				Tangible				Intangible
		Acquisitions				net of Cash				Revenue				Profit				Assets, net				Assets				Goodwill
Total 2011 Acquisitions			5			$	185,703			$	24,590			$	3,490			$	62,359			$	80,958			$	66,329
Total 2010 Acquisitions			12			$	176,156			$	268,443			$	19,042			$	108,991			$	49,467			$	129,830

Note: Purchase price, net of cash acquired, does not factor payments for earn-out provisions on prior acquisitions. Revenue and operating profit represent activity only in the year of acquisition.

During the first nine months of 2011, the Company completed five acquisitions consisting of four rigid industrial packaging companies and the acquisition of the minority shareholding from a 2008 acquisition of a rigid industrial packaging company. The acquired rigid industrial packaging companies included a European company purchased in February 2011, a European company purchased in May 2011 and a European company purchased in July 2011. Additionally, the company acquired the remaining minority shareholdings in an already consolidated South American acquisition from 2008 and a minority ownership interest in a North American company. The rigid industrial packaging acquisitions are expected to complement the Company’s existing product lines that together will provide growth opportunities and economies of scale. The estimated fair value of the net tangible assets acquired was $62.4 million. Identifiable intangible assets, with a combined fair value of $81.0 million, including trade names, customer relationships, and certain non-compete agreements, have been recorded for these acquisitions. The excess of the purchase prices over the estimated fair values of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired of $66.3 million was recorded as goodwill.

During 2010, the Company completed twelve acquisitions consisting of seven rigid industrial packaging companies and five flexible products companies and made a contingent purchase price payment related to a 2008 acquisition. The seven rigid industrial packaging companies consisted of a European company purchased in November 2009, an Asian company purchased in June 2010, a North American drum reconditioning company purchased in July 2010, a North American drum reconditioning company purchased in August 2010, a European company purchased in August 2010, a 51 percent interest in a Middle Eastern company purchased in September 2010 and a South American company purchased in September 2010. The five flexible products companies acquired conduct business throughout Europe, Asia and North America and were acquired in February, June, August and September 2010. The rigid industrial packaging acquisitions are expected to complement the Company’s existing product lines that together will provide growth opportunities and economies of scale. The drum reconditioning acquisitions, within our Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services segment, and the flexible products acquisitions expand the Company’s product and service offerings. The estimated fair value of the net tangible assets acquired was $109.0 million. Identifiable intangible assets, with a combined fair value of $49.5 million, including trade-names, customer relationships, and certain non-compete agreements, have been recorded for these acquisitions. The excess of the purchase prices over the estimated fair values of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired of $129.8 million was recorded as goodwill.

The five flexible products companies were contributed to a joint venture on September 29, 2010. See “Flexible Products Joint Venture” included in Note 8 for additional information on this joint venture. The aggregate purchase price in the table above includes the reimbursement of $98.2 million received from the other joint venture partner relating to its investment and reimbursement of certain costs.

Had the transactions described above occurred on November 1, 2009, results of operations would not have differed materially from reported results.

NOTE 3 — SALE OF NON-UNITED STATES ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

Pursuant to the terms of a Receivable Purchase Agreement (the “RPA”) between Greif Coordination Center BVBA, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Greif, Inc., and a major international bank, the seller agreed to sell trade receivables meeting certain eligibility requirements that seller had purchased from other indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of Greif, Inc., including Greif Belgium BVBA, Greif Germany GmbH, Greif Nederland BV, Greif Packaging Belgium NV, Greif Spain SA, Greif Sweden AB, Greif Packaging Norway AS, Greif Packaging France, SAS, Greif Packaging Spain SA, Greif Portugal Lda and Greif UK Ltd, under discounted receivables purchase agreements and from Greif France SAS under a factoring agreement. This agreement is amended from time to time to add additional Greif entities. In addition, Greif Italia S.P.A. also an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Greif, Inc., entered into the Italian Receivables Purchase Agreement with the Italian branch of the major international bank (the “Italian RPA”) agreeing to sell trade receivables that meet certain eligibility criteria to such branch. The Italian RPA is similar in structure and terms as the RPA. The maximum amount of receivables that may be financed under the RPA and the Italian RPA is €115 million ($166.9 million) at July 31, 2011.

In October 2007, Greif Singapore Pte. Ltd., an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Greif, Inc., entered into the Singapore Receivable Purchase Agreement (the “Singapore RPA”) with a major international bank. The maximum amount of aggregate receivables that may be financed under the Singapore RPA is 15.0 million Singapore Dollars ($12.5 million) at July 31, 2011.

In October 2008, Greif Embalagens Industriais do Brasil Ltda., an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Greif, Inc., entered into agreements (the “Brazil Agreements”) with Brazilian banks. There is no maximum amount of aggregate receivables that may be financed under the Brazil Agreements; however, the sale of individual receivables is subject to approval by the banks.

In May 2009, Greif Malaysia Sdn Bhd., an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Greif, Inc., entered into the Malaysian Receivables Purchase Agreement (the “Malaysian Agreements”) with Malaysian banks. The maximum amount of the aggregate receivables that may be financed under the Malaysian Agreements is 15.0 million Malaysian Ringgits ($5.1 million) at July 31, 2011.

The structure of the transactions provide for a legal true sale, on a revolving basis, of the receivables transferred from the various Greif, Inc. subsidiaries to the respective banks. The bank funds an initial purchase price of a certain percentage of eligible receivables based on a formula with the initial purchase price approximating 75 percent to 90 percent of eligible receivables. The remaining deferred purchase price is settled upon collection of the receivables. At the balance sheet reporting dates, the Company removes from accounts receivable the amount of proceeds received from the initial purchase price since they meet the applicable criteria of ASC 860, “Transfers and Servicing”, and continues to recognize the deferred purchase price in its accounts receivable. At the time the receivables are initially sold, the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the assets sold are included as a loss on sale in the consolidated statements of operations. The receivables are sold on a non-recourse basis with the total funds in the servicing collection accounts pledged to the banks between settlement dates.

At July 31, 2011 and October 31, 2010, €112.8 million ($163.6 million) and €117.6 million ($162.9 million), respectively, of accounts receivable were sold under the RPA and Italian RPA. At July 31, 2011 and October 31, 2010, 8.6 million Singapore Dollars ($7.1 million) and 6.7 million Singapore Dollars ($5.4 million), respectively, of accounts receivable were sold under the Singapore RPA. At July 31, 2011 and October 31, 2010, 16.9 million Brazilian Reais ($11.0 million) and 11.7 million Brazilian Reais ($6.9 million), respectively, of accounts receivable were sold under the Brazil Agreements. At July 31, 2011 and October 31, 2010, 10.7 million Malaysian Ringgits ($3.6 million) and 6.3 million Malaysian Ringgits ($2.0 million), respectively, of accounts receivable were sold under the Malaysian Agreements.

Expenses associated with the RPA and Italian RPA totaled €0.8 million ($1.1 million) and €0.8 million ($1.0 million) for the three months ended July 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively; and €2.3 million ($3.1 million) and €2.2 million ($2.9 million) for the nine months ended July 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

Expenses associated with the Singapore RPA totaled 0.1 million Singapore Dollars ($0.1 million) and 0.1 million Singapore Dollars ($0.1 million) for the three months ended July 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively; and 0.3 million Singapore Dollars ($0.3 million) and 0.3 million Singapore Dollars ($0.3 million) for the nine months ended July 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

Expenses associated with the Brazil Agreements totaled 0.8 million Brazilian Reais ($0.5 million) and 1.2 million Brazilian Reais ($0.7 million) for the three months ended July 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively; and 2.6 million Brazilian Reais ($1.6 million) and 3.3 million Brazilian Reais ($1.9 million) for the nine months ended July 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

Expenses associated with the Malaysian Agreements totaled 0.2 million Malaysian Ringgits ($0.1 million) and were insignificant for the three months ended July 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively; and 0.6 million Malaysian Ringgits ($0.2 million) and 0.1 million Malaysian Ringgits ($0.1 million) for the nine months ended July 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

Additionally, the Company performs collections and administrative functions on the receivables sold similar to the procedures it uses for collecting all of its receivables, including receivables that are not sold under the RPA, the Italian RPA, the Singapore RPA, the Brazil Agreements, and the Malaysian Agreements. The servicing liability for these receivables is not material to the consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 4 — INVENTORIES

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, utilizing the first-in, first-out basis. Inventories are summarized as follows (Dollars in thousands):

		July 31,				October 31,
		2011				2010
Finished Goods		$	115,008			$	92,469
Raw materials and work-in-process			369,769				304,103
		$	484,777			$	396,572

NOTE 5 — NET ASSETS HELD FOR SALE

As of July 31, 2011 and October 31, 2010, there were fourteen and sixteen locations with assets held for sale, respectively. During the first nine months of 2011, the Company sold three locations, added four locations and three locations were placed back in service and depreciation was resumed. The net assets held for sale are being marketed for sale and it is the Company’s intention to complete the facility sales within the upcoming year. For the three months ended July 31, 2011, there were sales of other miscellaneous equipment which resulted in a $0.2 million loss. For the nine months ended July 31, 2011, there was a sale of a location in the Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services segment which resulted in a $2.6 million gain, a sale of a location in the Paper Packaging segment which resulted in a $1.2 million gain and sales of other miscellaneous equipment which resulted in a $0.3 million loss.

NOTE 6 — GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The following table summarizes the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment for the nine month period ended July 31, 2011 (Dollars in thousands):

		Rigid Industrial
		Packaging &				Flexible Products &
		Services				Services				Paper Packaging				Land Management				Total
Balance at October 31, 2010		$	570,661			$	78,261			$	60,653			$	150			$	709,725
Goodwill acquired			66,329				—				—				—				66,329
Goodwill adjustments			3,325				(1,632	)			—				—				1,693
Currency translation			13,365				3,682				—				—				17,047
Balance at July 31, 2011		$	653,680			$	80,311			$	60,653			$	150			$	794,794

The goodwill acquired during 2011 of $66.3 million consisted of preliminary goodwill related to acquisitions in the Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services segment. The goodwill adjustments increased goodwill by a net amount of $1.7 million related to the finalization of purchase price allocation of prior year acquisitions. Certain business combinations that occurred at or near year end were recorded with provisional estimates for fair value based on management’s best estimate.

The following table summarizes the carrying amount of net intangible assets by class as of July 31, 2011 and October 31, 2010 (Dollars in thousands):

						Accumulated				Net Intangible
		Gross Intangible Assets				Amortization				Assets
October 31, 2010:
Trademark and patents		$	42,878			$	17,184			$	25,694
Non-compete agreements			20,456				7,774				12,682
Customer relationships			153,131				27,091				126,040
Other			15,235				6,412				8,823
Total		$	231,700			$	58,461			$	173,239
July 31, 2011:
Trademark and patents		$	54,422			$	20,912			$	33,510
Non-compete agreements			27,055				8,822				18,233
Customer relationships			212,393				35,365				177,028
Other			21,874				9,202				12,672
Total		$	315,744			$	74,301			$	241,443

Gross intangible assets increased by $84.0 million for the nine month period ended July 31, 2011. The increase in gross intangible assets was attributable to $81.0 million in preliminary purchase price allocations related to three of the 2011 acquisitions in the Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services segment, $7.2 million was attributable to currency fluctuations, a $3.0 million non-cash impairment charge related to the discontinued usage of certain trade names in the Flexible Products & Services segment and $1.2 million in other adjustments. Amortization expense for the nine months ended July 31, 2011 and 2010 was $12.4 million and $10.0 million, respectively. Amortization expense for the next five years is expected to be $5.7 million in 2011, $17.1 million in 2012, $20.3 million in 2013, $19.5 million in 2014 and $18.4 million in 2015.

All intangible assets for the periods presented are subject to amortization and are being amortized using the straight-line method over periods that range from three to 23 years, except for $20.8 million related to the Tri-Sure trademark and the trade names related to Blagden Express, Closed-loop, Box Board and Fustiplast, all of which have indefinite lives.

The Company reviews goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment by reporting unit as required by ASC 350, “Intangibles — Goodwill and Other”, on an annual basis and when events and circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. A reporting unit is the operating segment, or a business one level below that operating segment if discrete financial information is prepared and regularly reviewed by segment management.

During the fiscal third quarter, the Flexible Products & Services segment made the strategic decision to announce the intention to rebrand the acquired companies of Storsack, Sunjut, Unsa and Ligtermoet under the Greif Flexibles brand globally. As a result, the Company recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $3.0 million included in selling, general and administrative expenses against the intangible asset value of the legacy companies trade names.

The Company’s business segments have been identified as reporting units and the Company concluded that no other impairment or impairment indicators exist at this time.

NOTE 7 — RESTRUCTURING CHARGES

The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending restructuring reserve balances for the nine month period ended July 31, 2011 (Dollars in thousands):

										Non-cash
		Cash Charges								Charges
		Employee
		Separation								Asset
		Costs				Other Costs				Impairments				Total
Balance at October 31, 2010		$	12,668			$	7,570			$	—			$	20,238
Costs incurred and charged to expense			6,197				4,841				369				11,407
Costs paid or otherwise settled			(11,453	)			(6,008	)			(110	)			(17,571	)
Balance at July 31, 2011		$	7,412			$	6,403			$	259			$	14,074

The focus for restructuring activities in 2011 continues to be on the integration of recent acquisitions in the Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services and Flexible Products & Services segments. During the first nine months of 2011, the Company recorded restructuring charges of $11.4 million, which compares to $20.7 million of restructuring charges during the first nine months of 2010. The restructuring activity for the nine month period ended July 31, 2011 consisted of $6.2 million in employee separation costs, $0.4 million in asset impairments and $4.8 million in other costs. The $6.2 million in employee separation costs relates to the realignment of the Company’s management structure, plant closings and prior year acquisitions. The $4.8 million in other costs relates to professional fees and other administrative costs. The restructuring activity for the nine month period ended July 31, 2010 consisted of $11.4 million in employee separation costs, $2.4 million in asset impairments and $6.9 million in other costs.

The following is a reconciliation of the total amounts expected to be incurred from open restructuring plans which are anticipated to be realized in 2011 and 2012 or plans that are being formulated and have not been announced as of the date of this Form 10-Q (Dollars in thousands):

		Amounts Expected				Three months ended				Nine months ended				Amounts Remaining
		to be Incurred				July 31, 2011				July 31, 2011				to be Incurred
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services
Employee separation costs		$	4,064			$	2,015			$	4,055			$	9
Asset impairments			333				—				333				—
Other restructuring costs			8,587				1,397				3,572				5,015
			12,984				3,412				7,960				5,024
Flexible Products & Services
Employee separation costs			2,834				652				2,834				—
Other restructuring costs			1,307				30				1,080				227
			4,141				682				3,914				227
Paper Packaging
Employee separation costs			—				(701	)			(685	)			—
Asset impairments			36				—				36				—
Other restructuring costs			189				3				189				—
			225				(698	)			(460	)			—
Land Management
Employee separation costs			—				—				(7	)			—
		$	17,350			$	3,396			$	11,407			$	5,251

The gain recognized within the Paper Packaging segment reflects actual expenditures being less than originally estimated for completed restructuring activities.

NOTE 8 — VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

The Company evaluates whether an entity is a VIE and determines if the primary beneficiary status is appropriate on a quarterly basis. The Company consolidates VIE’s for which it is the primary beneficiary. If the Company is not the primary beneficiary and an ownership interest is held, the VIE is accounted for under the equity or cost methods of accounting. When assessing the determination of the primary beneficiary, the Company considers all relevant facts and circumstances, including: the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb the expected losses and/or the right to receive the expected returns of the VIE.

During 2011, Greif, Inc., through its wholly-owned subsidiary Greif Packaging LLC, acquired a minority ownership interest in an entity that is accounted for as an unconsolidated equity investment. This entity is deemed to be a VIE since the total equity investment at risk is not sufficient to permit the legal entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support. However, the Company is not the primary beneficiary because it does not have (1) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, or (2) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. As a result, this entity is not consolidated in the Company’s results.

Significant Nonstrategic Timberland Transactions

On March 28, 2005, Soterra LLC (a wholly owned subsidiary) entered into two real estate purchase and sale agreements with Plum Creek Timberlands, L.P. (“Plum Creek”) to sell approximately 56,000 acres of timberland and related assets located primarily in Florida for an aggregate sales price of approximately $90 million, subject to closing adjustments. In connection with the closing of one of these agreements, Soterra LLC sold approximately 35,000 acres of timberland and associated assets in Florida, Georgia and Alabama for $51.0 million, resulting in a pretax gain of $42.1 million, on May 23, 2005. The purchase price was paid in the form of cash and a $50.9 million purchase note payable (the “Purchase Note”) by an indirect subsidiary of Plum Creek (the “Buyer SPE”). Soterra LLC contributed the Purchase Note to STA Timber LLC (“STA Timber”), one of the Company’s indirect wholly owned subsidiaries. The Purchase Note is secured by a Deed of Guarantee issued by Bank of America, N.A., London Branch, in an amount not to exceed $52.3 million (the “Deed of Guarantee”), as a guarantee of the due and punctual payment of principal and interest on the Purchase Note.

On May 31, 2005, STA Timber issued in a private placement its 5.20% Senior Secured Notes due August 5, 2020 (the “Monetization Notes”) in the principal amount of $43.3 million. In connection with the sale of the Monetization Notes, STA Timber entered into note purchase agreements with the purchasers of the Monetization Notes (the “Note Purchase Agreements”) and related documentation. The Monetization Notes are secured by a pledge of the Purchase Note and the Deed of Guarantee. The Monetization Notes may be accelerated in the event of a default in payment or a breach of the other obligations set forth therein or in the Note Purchase Agreements or related documents, subject in certain cases to any applicable cure periods, or upon the occurrence of certain insolvency or bankruptcy related events. The Monetization Notes are subject to a mechanism that may cause them, subject to certain conditions, to be extended to November 5, 2020. The proceeds from the sale of the Monetization Notes were primarily used for the repayment of indebtedness. Greif, Inc. and its other subsidiaries have not extended any form of guaranty of the principal or interest on the Monetization Notes. Accordingly, Greif, Inc. and its other subsidiaries will not become directly or contingently liable for the payment of the Monetization Notes at any time.

The Buyer SPE is deemed to be a VIE since the assets of the Buyer SPE are not available to satisfy the liabilities of the Buyer SPE. The Buyer SPE is a separate and distinct legal entity from the Company, but the Company is the primary beneficiary because it has (1) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, and (2) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. As a result, Buyer SPE has been consolidated into the operations of the Company.

At July 31, 2011 and October 31, 2010, assets of the Buyer SPE consisted of $50.9 million of restricted bank financial instruments. For the nine month periods ended July 31, 2011 and 2010, the Buyer SPE recorded interest income of $1.8 million, respectively.

At July 31, 2011 and October 31, 2010, STA Timber had long-term debt of $43.3 million. For the nine month periods ended July 31, 2011 and 2010, STA Timber recorded interest expense of $1.7 million, respectively. STA Timber is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of nonperformance by the issuer of the Deed of Guarantee.

Flexible Products Joint Venture

On September 29, 2010, Greif, Inc. and its indirect subsidiary Greif International Holding Supra C.V. (“Greif Supra,”) formed a joint venture (referred to herein as the “Flexible Products JV”) with Dabbagh Group Holding Company Limited and its subsidiary National Scientific Company Limited (“NSC”). The Flexible Products JV owns the operations in the Flexible Products & Services segment, with the exception of the North American multi-wall bag business. The Flexible Products JV has been consolidated into the operations of the Company as of its formation date of September 29, 2010.

The Flexible Products JV is deemed to be a VIE since the total equity investment at risk is not sufficient to permit the legal entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support. The Company is the primary beneficiary because it has (1) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, and (2) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

The economic and business purpose underlying the Flexible Products JV is to establish a global industrial flexible products enterprise through a series of targeted acquisitions and major investments in plant, machinery and equipment. All entities contributed to the Flexible Products JV were existing businesses acquired by Greif Supra and that were reorganized under Greif Flexibles Asset Holding B.V. and Greif Flexibles Trading Holding B.V. (“Asset Co.” and “Trading Co.”), respectively. The Company has 51% ownership in Trading Co. and 49% ownership in Asset Co. However, Greif Supra and NSC have equal economic interests in the Flexible Products JV, notwithstanding the actual ownership interests in the various legal entities.

All investments, loans and capital contributions are to be shared equally by Greif Supra and NSC and each partner has committed to contribute capital of up to $150 million and obtain third party financing for up to $150 million as required.

The following table presents the Flexible Products JV total net assets (Dollars in thousands):

July 31, 2011		Asset Co.				Trading Co.				Flexible Products JV
Total assets		$	191,907			$	177,288			$	369,195
Total liabilities			86,324				69,667				155,991
Net assets		$	105,583			$	107,621			$	213,204

October 31, 2010		Asset Co.				Trading Co.				Flexible Products JV
Total assets		$	187,727			$	166,956			$	354,683
Total liabilities			79,243				65,033				144,276
Net assets		$	108,484			$	101,923			$	210,407

Net income (loss) attributable to the non controlling interest in the Flexible Products JV for the three and nine months ended July 31, 2011 was $0.1 million and ($3.5) million respectively.

NOTE 9 — LONG-TERM DEBT

Long-term debt is summarized as follows (Dollars in thousands):

		July 31, 2011				October 31, 2010
Credit Agreement		$	284,251			$	273,700
Senior Notes due 2017			302,989				303,396
Senior Notes due 2019			242,771				242,306
Senior Notes due 2021			290,220				—
Trade accounts receivable credit facility			125,000				135,000
Other long-term debt			23,092				11,187
			1,268,323				965,589
Less current portion			(12,500	)			(12,523	)
Long-term debt		$	1,255,823			$	953,066

Credit Agreement

On October 29, 2010, the Company obtained a $1.0 billion senior secured credit facility pursuant to an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with a syndicate of financial institutions (the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement provides for a $750 million revolving multicurrency credit facility and a $250 million term loan, both expiring October 29, 2015, with an option to add $250 million to the facilities with the agreement of the lenders. The $250 million term loan is scheduled to amortize by $3.1 million each quarter-end for the first eight quarters, $6.3 million each quarter-end for the next eleven quarters and $156.3 million on the maturity date.

The Credit Agreement is available to fund ongoing working capital and capital expenditure needs, for general corporate purposes and to finance acquisitions. Interest is based on a Eurodollar rate or a base rate that resets periodically plus a calculated margin amount. As of July 31, 2011, $284.3 million was outstanding under the Credit Agreement. The current portion of the Credit Agreement was $12.5 million and the long-term portion was $271.8 million. The weighted average interest rate on the Credit Agreement was 2.13% for the nine months ended July 31, 2011.

The Credit Agreement contains financial covenants that require the Company to maintain a certain leverage ratio and a fixed charge coverage ratio. At July 31, 2011, the Company was in compliance with these covenants.

Senior Notes due 2017

On February 9, 2007, the Company issued $300.0 million of 6.75% Senior Notes due February 1, 2017. Interest on these Senior Notes is payable semi-annually. Proceeds from the issuance of these Senior Notes were principally used to fund the purchase of previously outstanding 8.875% Senior Subordinated Notes in a tender offer and for general corporate purposes.

The fair value of these Senior Notes due 2017 was $319.5 million at July 31, 2011 based upon quoted market prices. The indenture pursuant to which these Senior Notes were issued contains certain covenants. At July 31, 2011, the Company was in compliance with these covenants.

Senior Notes due 2019

On July 28, 2009, the Company issued $250.0 million of 7.75% Senior Notes due August 1, 2019. Interest on these Senior Notes is payable semi-annually. Proceeds from the issuance of these Senior Notes were principally used for general corporate purposes, including the repayment of amounts outstanding under the Company’s revolving multicurrency credit facility, without any permanent reduction of the commitments.

The fair value of these Senior Notes due 2019 was $273.1 million at July 31, 2011, based upon quoted market prices. The indenture pursuant to which these Senior Notes were issued contains certain covenants. At July 31, 2011, the Company was in compliance with these covenants.

Senior Notes due 2021

On July 15, 2011, Greif, Inc.’s wholly-owned Luxembourg subsidiary, Greif Luxembourg Finance S.C.A., issued €200.0 million of 7.375% Senior Notes due July 15, 2021. These Senior Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior basis by Greif, Inc. Interest on these Senior Notes is payable semi-annually. A portion of the proceeds from the issuance of these Senior Notes was used to repay non-U.S. borrowings under the Company’s revolving multicurrency credit facility, without any permanent reduction of the commitments, and the remaining proceeds are available for general corporate purposes, including the financing of acquisitions.

The fair value of these Senior Notes due 2021 was $293.1 million at July 31, 2011, based upon quoted market prices. The indenture pursuant to which these Senior Notes were issued contains certain covenants. At July 31, 2011, the Company was in compliance with these covenants.

United States Trade Accounts Receivable Credit Facility

On December 8, 2008, the Company entered into a $135.0 million trade accounts receivable credit facility with a financial institution and its affiliate, as purchasers, with a maturity date of December 8, 2013, subject to earlier termination of the purchasers’ commitment on September 29, 2011, or such later date to which the purchase commitment may be extended by agreement of the parties. The credit facility is secured by certain of the Company’s trade accounts receivable in the United States and bears interest at a variable rate based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus a margin or other agreed-upon rate (0.75% at July 31, 2011). In addition, the Company can terminate the credit facility at any time upon five days prior written notice. A significant portion of the initial proceeds from this credit facility was used to pay the obligations under the previous trade accounts receivable credit facility, which was terminated. The remaining proceeds were and will be used to pay certain fees, costs and expenses incurred in connection with the credit facility and for working capital and general corporate purposes. At July 31, 2011, there was $125.0 million outstanding under the credit facility. The agreement for this credit facility contains financial covenants that require the Company to maintain a certain leverage ratio and a fixed charge coverage ratio. At July 31, 2011, the Company was in compliance with these covenants.

Greif Receivables Funding LLC (“GRF”), an indirect subsidiary of the Company, has participated in the purchase and transfer of receivables in connection with these credit facilities and is included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. However, because GRF is a separate and distinct legal entity from the Company and its other subsidiaries, the assets of GRF are not available to satisfy the liabilities and obligations of the Company and its other subsidiaries, and the liabilities of GRF are not the liabilities or obligations of the Company and its other subsidiaries. This entity purchases and services the Company’s trade accounts receivable that are subject to this credit facility.

Other

In addition to the amounts borrowed under the Credit Agreement and proceeds from the Senior Notes and the United States Trade Accounts Receivable Credit Facility, at July 31, 2011, the Company had outstanding other debt of $140.5 million, comprised of $23.1 million in long-term debt and $117.4 million in short-term borrowings, compared to other debt outstanding of $72.1 million, comprised of $11.2 million in long-term debt and $60.9 million in short-term borrowings, at October 31, 2010. The $68.4 million increase was primarily due to funding acquisitions, capital expenditures and increased working capital requirements.

At July 31, 2011, the current portion of the Company’s long-term debt was $12.5 million. Annual maturities, including the current portion, of long-term debt under the Company’s various financing arrangements were $3.1 million in 2011, $35.6 million in 2012, $25.0 million in 2013, $150.0 million in 2014, $218.6 million in 2015 and $836.0 million thereafter.

At July 31, 2011 and October 31, 2010, the Company had deferred financing fees and debt issuance costs of $23.6 million and $21.4 million, respectively, which are included in other long-term assets.

NOTE 10 — FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Financial Instruments

The Company uses derivatives from time to time to partially mitigate the effect of exposure to interest rate movements, exposure to currency fluctuations, and energy cost fluctuations. Under ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging”, all derivatives are to be recognized as assets or liabilities on the balance sheet and measured at fair value. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recognized in either net income or in other comprehensive income, depending on the designated purpose of the derivative.

While the Company may be exposed to credit losses in the event of nonperformance by the counterparties to its derivative financial instrument contracts, its counterparties are established banks and financial institutions with high credit ratings. The Company has no reason to believe that such counterparties will not be able to fully satisfy their obligations under these contracts.

During the next three months, the Company expects to reclassify into earnings a net loss from accumulated other comprehensive loss of approximately $0.4 million after tax at the time the underlying hedge transactions are realized.

ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in GAAP and expands disclosures about fair value measurements for financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. Additionally, this guidance established a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.

The three levels of inputs used to measure fair values are as follows:

•

Level 1 — Observable inputs such as unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

•

Level 2 — Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

•

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets and liabilities.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The following table presents the fair value adjustments for those assets and (liabilities) measured on a recurring basis as of July 31, 2011 (Dollars in thousands):

		Fair Value Measurement																Balance sheet
		Level 1				Level 2				Level 3				Total				Location
Interest rate derivatives		$	—			$	(671	)		$	—			$	(671	)		Other long-term liabilities
Foreign exchange hedges			—				(2,853	)			—				(2,853	)		Other current liabilities
Energy hedges			—				(27	)			—				(27	)		Other current liabilities
Total*		$	—			$	(3,551	)		$	—			$	(3,551	)

Interest Rate Derivatives

The Company has interest rate swap agreements with various maturities through 2012. These interest rate swap agreements are used to manage the Company’s fixed and floating rate debt mix. Under these agreements, the Company receives interest monthly from the counterparties based upon the LIBOR and pays interest based upon a designated fixed rate over the life of the swap agreements.

The Company has two interest rate derivatives (floating to fixed swap agreements recorded as cash flow hedges) with a total notional amount of $125 million. Under these swap agreements, the Company receives interest based upon a variable interest rate from the counterparties (weighted average of 0.19% at July 31, 2011 and 0.26% at October 31, 2010) and pays interest based upon a fixed interest rate (weighted average of 1.78% at July 31, 2011 and October 31, 2010).

In the first quarter of 2010, the Company entered into a $100.0 million fixed to floating swap agreement which was recorded as a fair value hedge. Under this swap agreement, the Company received interest from the counterparty based upon a fixed rate of 6.75% and paid interest based upon a variable rate on a semi-annual basis. In the third quarter of 2010, the Company terminated this swap agreement, including any future cash flows. The termination of this swap agreement resulted in a cash benefit of $3.6 million ($2.2 million, net of tax).

Foreign Exchange Hedges

At July 31, 2011, the Company had outstanding foreign currency forward contracts in the notional amount of $157.1 million ($252.9 million at October 31, 2010). The purpose of these contracts is to hedge the Company’s exposure to foreign currency transactions and short-term intercompany loan balances in its international businesses. The fair value of these contracts at July 31, 2011 resulted in a loss of $2.6 million recorded in the consolidated statements of operations and a loss of $0.2 million recorded in other comprehensive income. The fair value of similar contracts at October 31, 2010 resulted in a gain of $0.8 million in the consolidated statements of operations and a loss of $2.3 million recorded in other comprehensive income.

Energy Hedges

The Company has entered into certain cash flow agreements to mitigate its exposure to cost fluctuations in natural gas prices through October 31, 2011. Under these hedge agreements, the Company agrees to purchase natural gas at a fixed price. At July 31, 2011, the notional amount of these hedges was $0.4 million ($2.4 million at October 31, 2010). The other comprehensive gain on these agreements was immaterial at July 31, 2011 and $0.3 million at October 31, 2010.

Other financial instruments

The estimated fair value of the Company’s long-term debt was $1,318.1 million and $1,021.5 million at July 31, 2011 and October 31, 2010, respectively. The current portion of the long-term debt was $12.5 million at July 31, 2011 and October 31, 2010. The fair values of the Company’s long-term obligations are estimated based on either the quoted market prices for the same or similar issues or the current interest rates offered for debt of the same remaining maturities.

Non Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The Company has reviewed the fair value adjustments for those assets and (liabilities) measured on a non-recurring basis as of July 31, 2011 discussed herein.

Net Assets Held for Sale

Net assets held for sale are considered level two inputs which include recent purchase offers, market comparables and/or data obtained from commercial real estate brokers. As of July 31, 2011, the Company had not recognized any impairment related to net assets held for sale.

Long-Lived Assets

As part of the Company’s restructuring plans following recent acquisitions, the Company may close manufacturing facilities during the next few years. The long-lived assets are considered level two inputs which were valued based on bids received from third parties and using discounted cash flow analysis based on assumptions that the Company believes market participants would use. Key inputs included anticipated revenues, associated manufacturing costs, capital expenditures and discount, growth and tax rates. The Company recorded restructuring-related expenses for the nine-month period ended July 31, 2011 of $0.4 million on long lived assets with net book values of $1.3 million.

Goodwill and Long Lived Intangible Assets

The Company performs an impairment test for goodwill on an annual basis and when events and circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. The Company concluded that no impairment existed at October 31, 2010. There have been no changes during the third quarter of 2011 that would warrant impairment considerations, other then previously disclosed. The 2011 impairment test will be performed during the fourth quarter of 2011.

NOTE 11 — STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Stock-based compensation is accounted for in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation — Stock Compensation”, which requires companies to estimate the fair value of share-based awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as an expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations over the requisite service periods. The Company uses the straight-line single option method of expensing stock options to recognize compensation expense in its consolidated statements of operations for all share-based awards. Because share-based compensation expense is based on awards that are ultimately expected to vest, share-based compensation expense will be reduced to account for estimated forfeitures. ASC 718 requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. No stock options were granted in 2011 or 2010. For any options granted in the future, compensation expense will be based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of ASC 718.

NOTE 12 — INCOME TAXES

The effective tax rate was 25.4% and 18.2% for the three months ended July 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and 24.3% and 18.9% for the nine months ended July 31, 2011 and 2010 respectively. The change in the effective tax rate is primarily attributable to the recognition of a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets in 2011, the incremental benefit from an alternative fuel tax credit in 2010, and other discrete tax items recognized in these periods.

The Company has estimated the reasonably possible expected net change in unrecognized tax benefits through July 31, 2011 based on expected settlements or payments of uncertain tax positions, and lapses of the applicable statutes of limitations of unrecognized tax benefits under ASC 740, “Income Taxes.”

NOTE 13 — RETIREMENT PLANS AND POSTRETIREMENT HEALTH CARE AND LIFE INSURANCE BENEFITS

The components of net periodic pension cost include the following (Dollars in thousands):

		Three months ended								Nine months ended
		July 31								July 31
		2011				2010				2011				2010
Service cost		$	2,239			$	2,293			$	6,717			$	6,879
Interest cost			4,159				3,998				12,477				11,994
Expected return on plan assets			(4,928	)			(4,524	)			(14,784	)			(13,572	)
Amortization of prior service cost, initial net asset and net actuarial gain			2,160				1,700				6,480				5,100
Net periodic pension costs		$	3,630			$	3,467			$	10,890			$	10,401

The Company made $16.9 million in pension contributions in the nine months ended July 31, 2011. The Company estimates $29.7 million of pension contributions for the entire 2011 fiscal year.

The components of net periodic cost for postretirement benefits include the following (Dollars in thousands):

		Three months ended								Nine months ended
		July 31								July 31
		2011				2010				2011				2010
Service cost		$	2			$	1			$	6			$	3
Interest cost			219				283				657				849
Amortization of prior service cost and recognized actuarial gain			(334	)			(251	)			(1,002	)			(753	)
Net periodic cost for postretirement benefits		$	(113	)		$	33			$	(339	)		$	99

NOTE 14 — CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

Various lawsuits, claims and proceedings have been or may be instituted or asserted against the Company, including those pertaining to environmental, product liability and safety and health matters. While the amounts claimed may be substantial, the ultimate liability cannot now be determined because of considerable uncertainties that exist. Therefore, it is possible that results of operations or liquidity in a particular period could be materially affected by certain contingencies.

In accordance with ASC 450, “Contingencies”, the Company accrues for a litigation-related liability when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Based on currently available information known to the Company, the Company believes that its reserves for these litigation-related liabilities are reasonable and that the ultimate outcome of any pending matters is not likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results from operations.

Environmental Reserves

At July 31, 2011 and October 31, 2010, the Company had recorded liabilities of $25.9 million and $26.2 million, respectively, for estimated environmental remediation costs. The liabilities were recorded on an undiscounted basis and are included in other long-term liabilities. At July 31, 2011 and October 31, 2010, the Company had recorded environmental liability reserves of $14.0 million and $14.5 million, respectively, for its blending facility in Chicago, Illinois and $10.2 million and $10.3 million, respectively, for various European drum facilities acquired in November 2006 as well as the facility in Lier, Belgium. These reserves are principally based on environmental studies and cost estimates provided by third parties, but also take into account management estimates.

The estimated liabilities are reduced to reflect the anticipated participation of other potentially responsible parties in those instances where it is probable that such parties are legally responsible and financially capable of paying their respective shares of relevant costs. For sites that involve formal actions subject to joint and several liabilities, these actions have formal agreements in place to apportion the liability.

The Company anticipates that cash expenditures in future periods for remediation costs at identified sites will be made over an extended period of time. Given the inherent uncertainties in evaluating environmental exposures, actual costs may vary from those estimated at July 31, 2011. The Company’s exposure to adverse developments with respect to any individual site is not expected to be material. Although environmental remediation could have a material effect on results of operations if a series of adverse developments occur in a particular quarter or year, the Company believes that the chance of a series of adverse developments occurring in the same quarter or year is remote. Future information and developments will require the Company to continually reassess the expected impact of these environmental matters.

NOTE 15 —EARNINGS PER SHARE

The Company has two classes of common stock and, as such, applies the “two-class method” of computing earnings per share (“EPS”) as prescribed in ASC 260, “Earnings Per Share”. In accordance with this guidance, earnings are allocated first to Class A and Class B Common Stock to the extent that dividends are actually paid and the remainder allocated assuming all of the earnings for the period have been distributed in the form of dividends.

The Company calculates Class A EPS as follows: (i) multiply 40% times the average Class A shares outstanding, then divide that amount by the product of 40% of the average Class A shares outstanding plus 60% of the average Class B shares outstanding to get a percentage, (ii) divide undistributed net income attributable to Greif, Inc. by the average Class A shares outstanding, then (iii) multiply item (i) by item (ii), and finally (iv) add item (iii) to the Class A cash dividend per share. Diluted shares are factored into the Class A calculation.

The Company calculates Class B EPS as follows: (i) multiply 60% times the average Class B shares outstanding, then divide that amount by the product of 40% of the average Class A shares outstanding plus 60% of the average Class B shares outstanding to get a percentage, (ii) divide undistributed net income attributable to Greif, Inc. by the average Class B shares outstanding, then (iii) multiply item (i) by item (ii), and finally (iv) add item (iii) to the Class B cash dividend per share. Class B diluted EPS is identical to Class B basic EPS.

The following table provides EPS information for each period, respectively:

		Three months ended								Nine months ended
		July 31								July 31
(In thousands, except per share data)		2011				2010				2011				2010
Numerator for basic and diluted EPS
Net income attributable to Greif, Inc.		$	62,940			$	65,975			$	155,265			$	133,428
Cash dividends			24,566				24,507				73,396				68,607
Undistributed net income attributable to Greif, Inc.		$	38,374			$	41,468			$	81,869			$	64,821
Denominator for basic EPS
Class A common stock			24,897,665				24,687,006				24,837,097				24,623,262
Class B common stock			22,362,266				22,444,488				22,386,818				22,456,340
Denominator for diluted EPS
Class A common stock			25,100,003				24,999,901				25,041,395				24,930,839
Class B common stock			22,362,266				22,444,488				22,386,818				22,456,340
EPS Basic
Class A common stock		$	1.08			$	1.13			$	2.66			$	2.29
Class B common stock		$	1.61			$	1.70			$	3.98			$	3.43
EPS Diluted
Class A common stock		$	1.07			$	1.12			$	2.65			$	2.28
Class B common stock		$	1.61			$	1.70			$	3.98			$	3.43
Dividends per share
Class A common stock		$	0.42			$	0.42			$	1.26			$	1.18
Class B common stock		$	0.63			$	0.63			$	1.88			$	1.76

Class A Common Stock is entitled to cumulative dividends of one cent a share per year after which Class B Common Stock is entitled to non-cumulative dividends up to a half-cent a share per year. Further distribution in any year must be made in proportion of one cent a share for Class A Common Stock to one and a half cents a share for Class B Common Stock. The Class A Common Stock has no voting rights unless four quarterly cumulative dividends upon the Class A Common Stock are in arrears. The Class B Common Stock has full voting rights. There is no cumulative voting for the election of directors.

Common stock repurchases

The Company’s Board of Directors has authorized the purchase of up to four million shares of Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock or any combination of the foregoing. During the first nine months of 2011, the Company repurchased no shares of Class A Common Stock and 50,000 shares of Class B Common Stock. As of July 31, 2011, the Company had repurchased 2,933,272 shares, including 1,416,752 shares of Class A Common Stock and 1,516,520 shares of Class B Common Stock, under this program. The total cost of the shares repurchased from November 1, 2009 through July 31, 2011 was approximately $5.8 million.

The following table summarizes the Company’s Class A and Class B common and treasury shares at the specified dates:

										Outstanding
		Authorized Shares				Issued Shares				Shares				Treasury Shares
July 31, 2011:
Class A Common Stock			128,000,000				42,281,920				24,957,182				17,324,738
Class B Common Stock			69,120,000				34,560,000				22,362,266				12,197,734
October 31, 2010:
Class A Common Stock			128,000,000				42,281,920				24,756,974				17,524,946
Class B Common Stock			69,120,000				34,560,000				22,412,266				12,147,734

The following is a reconciliation of the shares used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share:

		Three months ended								Nine months ended
		July 31								July 31
		2011				2010				2011				2010
Class A Common Stock:
Basic shares			24,897,665				24,687,006				24,837,097				24,623,262
Assumed conversion of stock options			202,338				312,895				204,298				307,577
Diluted shares			25,100,003				24,999,901				25,041,395				24,930,839
Class B Common Stock:
Basic and diluted shares			22,362,266				22,444,488				22,386,818				22,456,340

No stock options were antidilutive for the nine month periods ended July 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

NOTE 16 — EQUITY EARNINGS OF UNCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES, NET OF TAX AND NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS

Equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of tax

Equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of tax represent investments in affiliates in which the Company does not exercise control and has a 20 percent or more voting interest. Such investments in affiliates are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. If the fair value of an investment in an affiliate is below its carrying value and the difference is deemed to be other than temporary, the difference between the fair value and the carrying value is charged to earnings. The Company has an equity interest in seven affiliates. Equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of tax for the nine months ended July 31, 2011 and 2010 were $2.0 and $3.3 million, respectively. There were no dividends received from the Company’s equity method affiliates for the nine months ended July 31, 2011 and 2010. The Company has made loans to an entity deemed a VIE and accounted for as an unconsolidated equity investment. These loans bear interest at various interest rates. The original principal balance of these loans was $22.2 million. As of July 31, 2011 these loans had an outstanding balance of $21.3 million.

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests represent the portion of earnings or losses from the operations of the Company’s majority owned subsidiaries that were deducted from net income to arrive at net income attributable to the Company. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests for the three months ended July 31, 2011 and 2010 was $2.0 million and $1.8 million, respectively. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests for the nine months ended July 31, 2011 and 2010 was $1.4 million and $5.4 million.

NOTE 17 — COMPREHENSIVE INCOME AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY

Comprehensive income is comprised of net income and other charges and credits to equity that are not the result of transactions with the Company’s owners. The components of comprehensive income are as follows (Dollars in thousands):

		Three months ended								Nine months ended
		July 31								July 31
		2011				2010				2011				2010
Net income		$	64,974			$	67,759			$	156,662			$	138,822
Other comprehensive income:
Foreign currency translation adjustment			(23,574	)			79,050				151				(13,078	)
Changes in fair value of interest rate and other derivatives, net of tax			336				(1,123	)			1,086				333
Minimum pension liabilities adjustment, net of tax			65				136				(786	)			1,079
Comprehensive income		$	41,801			$	145,822			$	157,113			$	127,156

The following is the income tax benefit (expense) for each other comprehensive income line items:

		Three months ended								Nine months ended
		July 31								July 31
		2011				2010				2011				2010
Income tax benefit (expense):
Changes in fair value of interest rate and other derivatives, net of tax			(181	)			605				(585	)			(179	)
Minimum pension liabilities adjustment, net of tax			(22	)			(30	)			252				(251	)

The components of Shareholders’ Equity from October 31, 2010 to July 31, 2011 (Dollars in thousands):

																						Non-				Accumulated Other
		Common								Treasury								Retained				controlling				Comprehensive				Shareholders’
		Shares				Amount				Shares				Amount				Earnings				interests				Income (Loss)				Equity
As of October 31, 2010			47,169			$	106,057				29,673			$	(117,394	)		$	1,323,477			$	76,711			$	(33,419	)		$	1,355,432
Net income																			155,265				1,397								156,662
Other comprehensive income (loss):																											451				451
Comprehensive income, attributable to Greif, Inc.																															157,113
Noncontrolling interests and other																							24,677								24,677
Foreign currency translation on noncontrolling interests																							6,556								6,556
Dividends paid																			(73,396	)											(73,396	)
Stock options exercised			144				1,866				(144	)			295																2,161
Tax benefit of stock options							77																								77
Treasury shares acquired			(50	)							50				(3,060	)															(3,060	)
Restricted stock directors			11				697				(11	)			23																720
Restricted stock executives			5				308				(5	)			10																318
Long-term incentive shares issued			40				2,349				(40	)			83																2,432
As of July 31, 2011			47,319			$	111,354				29,523			$	(120,043	)		$	1,405,346			$	109,341			$	(32,968	)		$	1,473,030

NOTE 18 — BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company operates in four business segments: Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services, Flexible Products & Services, Paper Packaging, and Land Management.

Operations in the Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services segment involve the production and sale of rigid industrial packaging products, such as steel, fiber and plastic drums, rigid intermediate bulk containers, closure systems for industrial packaging products, water bottles and reconditioned containers, and services, such as container lifecycle management, blending, filling and other packaging services, logistics and warehousing. The Company’s rigid industrial packaging products are sold to customers in industries such as chemicals, paints and pigments, food and beverage, petroleum, industrial coatings, agricultural, pharmaceutical and mineral, among others.

Operations in the Flexible Products & Services segment involve the production and sale of flexible intermediate bulk containers and related services on a global basis and industrial and consumer multiwall bag products in the North America market. Our flexible intermediate bulk containers consist of a polypropylene-based woven fabric that is partly produced at our fully integrated production sites, as well as sourced from strategic regional suppliers. Our flexible products are sold to customers and in market segments similar to those of our Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services segment. Additionally, our flexible products significantly expand our presence in the agricultural and food industries, among others. Our industrial and consumer multiwall bag products are used to ship a wide range of industrial and consumer products, such as seed, fertilizers, chemicals, concrete, flour, sugar, feed, pet foods, popcorn, charcoal and salt, primarily for the agricultural, chemical, building products and food industries.

Operations in the Paper Packaging segment involve the production and sale of containerboard, corrugated sheets and other corrugated products to customers in North America. The Company’s corrugated container products are used to ship such diverse products as home appliances, small machinery, grocery products, building products, automotive components, books and furniture, as well as numerous other applications. Operations related to the Company’s industrial and consumer multiwall bag products were reclassified from this segment to the Flexible Products & Services segment in the first quarter of 2010.

Operations in the Land Management segment involve the management and sale of timber and special use properties from approximately 266,100 acres of timber properties in the southeastern United States, which are actively managed, and 14,700 acres of timber properties in Canada, which are not actively managed. The Company’s Land Management team is focused on the active harvesting and regeneration of our United States timber properties to achieve sustainable long-term yields. While timber sales are subject to fluctuations, the Company seeks to maintain a consistent cutting schedule, within the limits of market and weather conditions. The Company also sells, from time to time, timberland and special use properties, which consists of surplus properties, higher and better use (“HBU”) properties, and development properties.

The Company’s reportable segments are strategic business units that offer different products and services. The accounting policies of the reportable segments are substantially the same as those described in the “Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” note in the 2010 Form 10-K.

The following segment information is presented for the periods indicated (Dollars in thousands):

		Three months ended								Nine months ended
		July 31,								July 31,
		2011				2010				2011				2010
Net sales
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services		$	804,013			$	681,709			$	2,201,850			$	1,883,017
Flexible Products & Services			141,170				66,938				403,994				128,679
Paper Packaging			172,760				168,758				496,064				444,548
Land Management			3,959				3,928				14,552				11,351
Total net sales		$	1,121,902			$	921,333			$	3,116,460			$	2,467,595
Operating profit:
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services		$	71,988			$	71,477			$	184,191			$	184,382
Flexible Products & Services			7,756				2,813				11,182				(1,497	)
Paper Packaging			17,559				18,862				56,555				30,196
Land Management			10,743				2,522				16,120				6,013
Total operating profit			108,046				95,674				268,048				219,094
Restructuring charges:
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services			3,411				5,259				7,960				15,933
Flexible Products & Services			683				45				3,914				45
Paper Packaging			(698	)			4,475				(461	)			4,588
Land Management			—				—				(6	)			—
Total restructuring charges			3,396				9,779				11,407				20,566
Restructuring-related inventory charges:
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services			—				94				—				131
Total restructuring-related inventory charges			—				94				—				131
Acquisition-related costs:
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services			2,132				2,587				6,340				6,390
Flexible Products & Services			531				2,889				12,888				13,729
Total acquisition-related costs			2,663				5,476				19,228				20,119
Non-cash intangible asset impairment charge:
Flexible Products & Services			2,962				—				2,962				—
Total non-cash intangible asset impairment charge			2,962				—				2,962				—
Operating profit before special items:
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services			77,531				79,417				198,491				206,836
Flexible Products & Services			11,932				5,747				30,946				12,277
Paper Packaging			16,861				23,337				56,094				34,784
Land Management			10,743				2,522				16,114				6,013
Total operating profit before special items*		$	117,067			$	111,023			$	301,645			$	259,910
Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense:
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services		$	22,496			$	18,394			$	64,693			$	59,584
Flexible Products & Services			4,157				902				12,477				1,882
Paper Packaging			7,786				7,801				23,363				21,611
Land Management			476				652				2,084				1,850
Total depreciation, depletion and amortization expense		$	34,915			$	27,749			$	102,617			$	84,927